Establishing the sequence of biological objects, processes, phenomena. AT 7
OPTION #1
Level A tasks
A1. Human anatomy is the science that studies
1) the spiritual life of a person. 2) the structure of the human body and its organs.
3) the functions of the human body and its organs. 4) the origin of man.
A2. Man is the name
1) detachment. 2) families. 3) kind. 4) kind
A3. Atavism in man is
1) highly developed hairline. 2) tail.
3) multiple nipples. 4) all of the above are correct
A4. The representatives of the Mongoloid race have hair
1) curly. 2) straight, usually soft.
3) straight, usually rigid. 4) curly or wavy
Level B assignments
IN 1. Choose the correct statements.
1) Negroid people have dark skin color.
2) People of the Mongoloid race have thick lips and thick curly hair.
3) Caucasian people are characterized by fair skin and soft hair.
4) Races are divided into families.
5) Races - groups of people of different species.
6) Racial characteristics had an adaptive value.
^
IN 2.
SIGNS:
A) ear muscles
B) multi-nipple
B) hairline
D) coccygeal vertebrae
D) appendix
E) wisdom teeth
Sciences that study the human body. Human Origins
OPTION #2
Level A tasks(Choose one correct answer from the four given.)
A 1. Two circles of blood circulation opened
1) Aristotle 2) W. Harvey 3) A. Vesalius 4) R. Santi
A 2. A rudiment in humans is
1) tail. 2) multiple nipples. 3) ear muscles. 4) all of the above are correct
A 3. People of the modern type
1) Neanderthals. 2) Ramapithecus. 3) Cro-Magnons. 4) driopithecus
A 4. Refers to ancient people
1) Pithecanthropus. 2) Neanderthal. 3) synanthropus. 4) Cro-Magnon
Level B assignments
(Choose three correct answers from the six given.)
IN 1. Evidence that a person belongs to the type of chordates is the presence in the embryo
1) chords. 2) gill filaments. 3) body asymmetries.
4) neural tube. 5) intestines. 6) three-chambered heart
^
Match the contents of the first and second columns.
IN 2. Establish a correspondence between the signs and the groups to which they belong.
GROUPS: 1) rudiment 2) atavism
SIGNS:
A) ear muscles
B) multi-nipple
B) hairline
D) coccygeal vertebrae
D) appendix
E) wisdom teeth
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
^
Set the correct sequence of biological processes, phenomena, practical actions.
IN 3. Determine the systematic position of man as a biological species ,
placing the taxa in the correct order, starting with the phylum.
A) Man. B) a reasonable person. B) placentals. D) mammals. D) people. E) Vertebrates. G) Chordates. 3) Primates.
^ THE PLACE OF MAN IN THE SYSTEM OF THE ANIMAL WORLD
Level A tasks
A1. The belonging of a person to the class Mammals is evidenced by
1) upright posture
2) the presence of two circles of blood circulation
3) pulmonary breathing
4) hairline and live birth
^ A2. A person belongs to the order 1) Carnivores 2) Primates 3) Teeth 4) Marsupials
AZ. vestige of a man
1) appendix
2) tailing
3) multiple nipples
4) pronounced hair growth of the face and body
A4. Ancestral home of man
1) Australia 2) South America 3) Southwest Europe 4) East Africa
A5. Anatomical sign of a person associated with upright posture,
1) differentiated dental system
2) springy foot
3) poor development of the superciliary arches
4) chin protrusion
A6. Human evolution is characterized
1) the predominance of biological factors over social
2) the predominance of social factors over biological
3) the unity of action of biological and social facts
moat
4) independent action of biological and social factors
tori
A7. The common ancestor of great apes and humans is
1) Australopithecus 2) Pithecanthropus 3) Driopithecus 4) Ramapithecus
A8. Refers to modern man
1) Australopithecus 3) Cro-Magnon
2) driopithecus 4) Neanderthal
A9. Refers to the ancient people
1) Sinanthropus 3) Australopithecus
2) driopithecus 4) Neanderthal
A10. The biological factor of human evolution is
1) labor activity
2) insulation
3) hereditary variability
4) natural selection
A11.. Man's ancestor is
1) chimpanzee 3) orangutan
2) gorilla 4) none of the listed monkeys
A12. Man is different from all other animals
1) moving on two hind limbs
2) the presence of the first signal system
3) the presence of a second signal system
4) the presence of pelvic kidneys
Level B assignments
Choose three correct answers from the six given.
IN 1. Arboreal adaptations in ancestral primates and modern great apes
1) color volumetric vision
2) all limbs have five fingers
3) the presence of a placenta and feeding the cubs with milk
4) strong development of the motor parts of the brain
5) outer ear with a movable auricle
6) strong development of the shoulder girdle
IN 2. Human Distinctive Features (Compared to Great Apes)
1) chin protrusion on the lower jaw
2) foot with a strongly developed big toe, having arches
3) lack of spinal curves
4) relatively strong development of the brain skull
5) lack of cheek pouches
6) one pair of mammary glands
IN 3. Evidence from comparative embryology proving the animal origin of man
1) muscles of the auricles
2) appendix of the caecum
3) two-chamber heart in a two-week-old embryo
4) continuous hairline in the fetus
5) development from a zygote
Match the contents of the first and second columns.
AT 4. Establish a correspondence between the characteristics of a person and the systematic group for which they are characteristic.
SIGNS
A) sweat and sebaceous glands of the skin
B) neural tube on the dorsal side of the body
B) the heart is on the ventral side of the body
D) the presence of the collarbone
D) non-nuclear erythrocytes
E) expanded terminal phalanges of fingers with nails
SYSTEMATIC GROUP
1) signs indicating that a person belongs to the type Chordates
2) signs indicating that a person belongs to the class Mammals
3) signs indicating that a person belongs to the order Primates
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
AT 5. Establish a correspondence between the signs and the group to which they belong.
SIGNS
B) remnants of the nictitating membrane of the eye
C) extra pairs of mammary glands
D) appendix of the caecum
D) continuous hairline on the face
E) muscles of the auricle
1) vestigial organs
2) atavisms
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
AT 6. Establish a correspondence between the factors of the historical development of a person and the group to which they belong.
A) mutational variability
B) labor activity
B) natural selection
D) isolation
D) genetic drift
E) social lifestyle
1) biological factors
2) social factors
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
AT 7. Establish a correspondence between the signs and the races for which they are characteristic.
SIGNS OF RACE
A) epicanthus 1) Australo-Negroid
B) curly hair 2) mongoloid
C) a narrow section of the eyes 3) Caucasoid
D) a narrow, strongly protruding nose
D) wide cheekbones
E) thick lips
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
^ Set the correct sequence of biological processes, phenomena, practical actions.
AT 8. Set the sequence of stages of emergence and evolution
tions of man, starting with the most ancient.
A) Pithecanthropus D) Australopithecus
B) Cro-Magnon E) Neanderthal
B) driopithecus
AT 9. Determine the systematic position of a person as a bio
logical view, arranging the taxa in the required order
sequences, starting with the species.
A) people D) people
B) Primates E) Vertebrates
C) Homo sapiens G) Placental
D) Mammals 3) Chordates
^ The structure of the body
Level A tasks
Choose one correct answer from the four given.
A1. A part of the body that has a clear structure and performs certain functions is called
1) cage
2) organ system
3) body
A2. Protein-synthesizing organelles are
2) ribosomes
3) mitochondria
4) lysosomes
AZ. In the body of animals and humans, the main groups of tissues are
A4. Secretion-producing tissue refers to
1) connecting
2) epithelial
3) nervous
4) muscular
Level B assignments
Choose three correct answers from the six given.
IN 1. Connective tissues include
3) striated fabric
4) bone tissue
5) heart tissue
6) nervous tissue
IN 2. The epithelium happens
1) muscular
2) flat
3) smooth
4) flickering
5) striated
AT 4. Comparison of the features of the structure and functioning of organisms of different kingdoms
IN 2. Generalization and application of knowledge about the diversity of organisms and humans
IN 1. Generalization and application of knowledge about the cellular-organismal level of life organization
A32. Diversity of organisms
1. Which of the groups of bacteria photosynthesize like higher plants and algae with the release of molecular oxygen?
1) green and purple bacteria 2) cyanobacteria
3) ammonifying bacteria 4) sulfur bacteria
2. The shape of the leaves in coniferous plants contributes to ...
1) protection from being eaten by animals 2) better absorption of carbon dioxide
3) better release of phytoncides 4) moisture retention in winter
4. Mycorrhiza is a symbiosis...
1) fungus and green algae 2) fungus and bacteria
3) a fungus with a root of a higher plant 4) nodule bacteria with roots of legumes
5. Which of the groups of bacteria is the most ancient?
1) archaebacteria 2) eubacteria 3) cyanobacteria 4) arose simultaneously
What are the functions of the chloroplast?
1) carbohydrate synthesis
2) the use of sunlight energy for the synthesis of organic substances
3) fat synthesis
4) splitting of organic substances to water and carbon dioxide
5) synthesis of organic substances from inorganic
6) splitting of polymers to monomers
Which of the following taxa is used in the taxonomy of both plants and animals?
1) genus 2) family 3) order 4) class 5) department 6) type
1. Establish a correspondence between the plant organ and its type
2. Establish a correspondence between cap mushrooms and the groups to which they belong.
3. Establish a correspondence between features and plant tissues for which they are characteristic.
1. Set the sequence of stages of germination of a pea seed.
A) swelling of the seed B) intensive growth of the germinal stalk and kidney
C) the development of leaves capable of photosynthesis, the death of cotyledons
D) the transition of reserve nutrients into a soluble state
E) exit of cotyledons to the surface E) rupture of the seed coat
2. Establish the sequence of life cycle stages for representatives of the gymnosperms department.
A) formation of male cones B) fertilization C) pollination D) formation of a zygote E) formation of a pollen tube E) formation of microspores as a result of meiosis
The erythrocytes were placed in a glass beaker filled with sodium chloride solution. Compare drawings of normal erythrocytes (A) and erythrocyte
in solution (B). Determine the concentration of the salt solution in the vessel by the appearance of the erythrocyte (above the norm, below the norm, corresponds to the norm), if the normal concentration of the salt solution in the blood is 0.9%. Explain the answer.
BUT. 
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It is known that the activity of enzymes depends on the reaction of the environment (pH-environment). To test the activity of the saliva amylase enzyme, it was poured into three test tubes, and a substrate was added. To create different environmental conditions
3 drops of 0.1% hydrochloric acid solution (pH = 6.3), 0.1% sodium bicarbonate solution (pH = 7.3), distilled water (pH = 7) were respectively added to each tube. All tubes were placed in a water bath at 37°C. What was taken as a substrate to test the degree of enzyme activity? In what environment is the activity of salivary enzyme the highest? Plot the degree of salivary enzyme activity as a function of the pH environment and explain the results.
Many arachnids have glands, the semi-liquid secretions of which turn into arachnoid threads in the air. How important is the use of the web in their lives? Give at least three values.
In ulothrix algae, the dominant generation is the gametophyte. Determine the chromosome set of the spore and the adult. Explain from what initial cells and as a result of what division spores are formed during the alternation of the sexual and asexual generation and adults.
The woman and her husband are healthy. The mother of the woman is healthy, and the father suffered from hemophilia. The woman's brother is healthy. The woman has two sons, one of whom is sick with hemophilia, and the second is healthy. Her sick son has a healthy wife, two girls and two boys are healthy. The parents of the son's wife had no anomalies. Determine the probability of the birth of a sick child in the family and its gender.
Answers to tasks
| job number | Answer |
B1. Photosynthesis in a leaf occurs in cells
A) stomatal. b) spongy tissue, c) columnar tissue, c) conductive tissue, d) mechanical tissue, e) educational tissue??
B2. When does leaf fall occur?
A) soil fertilization, b) increased photosynthesis, c) vegetative propagation, d) removal of metabolic products, e) reduction of water evaporation, f) protection of roots from freezing ..
Set the correct sequence of biological processes, phenomena, practical actions..
B3. Specify the sequence of processes occurring during seed germination.
A) an embryonic stalk appears, carrying cotyledons and a kidney to the soil surface.
B) seeds swell due to the influx of water
C) a root appears, which quickly grows and takes root
D) the seed coat bursts!
HELP URGENT!!! PLEASE,
Choose three correct answers from the six given: 1.Bivalve mollusks include:
1) Toothless.
2) Slug.
3) Mussel.
4) Grape snail.
5) Pearl.
6) Cuttlefish.
Install correspondence between the contents of the first and second columns:
2 . Establish a correspondence between mollusks and the types of their breathing.
SHELLS BREATHING TYPE
BUT)garden snail1) Gill
B) Toothless 2) Pulmonary
B) Perlovitsa
D) Grape snail
D) Big pond
E) Oyster
Set the correct sequence of biological processes, phenomena, practical actions:
3. Determine the systematic position of the scallop by arranging the taxa in the correct sequence, starting with the kingdom.
A) multicellular.
B) Bivalves.
B) Animals.
D) sea scallop.
D) shellfish.
1. Establish a correspondence between classes and their representatives.REPRESENTATIVES
A) katran
B) stingray
B) shovelnose
D) hammerhead shark
D) white shark
CLASSES
1) Cartilaginous
2) Bony fish
2. Establish a correspondence between the subclasses of bone and fish and their representatives.
REPRESENTATIVES
A) horned tooth
B) stellate sturgeon
B) beluga
D) sterlet
D) coelacanth
SUBCLASSES
1) Lungfish
2) Cross-finned
3) Cartilaginous
3. Set the correct sequence of biological processes, phenomena, practical actions.
Determine the taxonomic position of the South American Lepidosiren by arranging the taxa in the correct sequence, starting with the kingdom.
A) bony fish
B) lungfish
B) Multicellular
D) Lepidosiren South American
D) Pisces
E) Chordates
G) Animals
H) Vertebrates
multicellular e) scorpion
Please very urgent)))
A12. The greatest efficiency is achieved when the muscle is working in1) fast pace with maximum load
2) slow pace with medium load
3) an average pace with an average load
4) fast pace with minimal load
Level B assignments Choose three correct answers from the six offered. B1. The tubular bones are
1) sternum 4) femur
2) rib 5) shoulder blade
3) humerus 6) radius
IN 2. The chest is formed
1) ribs
4) sternum
2) clavicle
5) thoracic spine
3) shoulder blades
6) cervical spine
IN 3. The muscles of the body are
1) intercostal muscles
2) calf muscle
3) gluteal muscle
4) trapezius muscle
5) temporal muscle
6) supracranial muscle
Match the contents of the first and second columns. B4. Match the bones with the type they belong to.
BONES
A) occipital bone of the skull
B) fibula
B) pelvic bones
D) ulna
D) temporal bones of the skull
E) radius
TYPE
1) flat
2) tubular
AT 5. Establish a correspondence between the bones and the type of their connection.
BONES
A) vertebrae in the spine
B) pelvic bones and sacrum
B) phalanges of fingers
D) frontal and parietal bones
D) maxillary and zygomatic bones
E) ribs and sternum
CONNECTION TYPE
1) motionless
2) semi-movable
3) movable
AT 6. Establish a correspondence between the bones and the part of the skeleton to which they belong. BONES PART OF THE SKELETON
A) talus 1) skeleton of the lower extremities
B) radial 2) skeleton of the upper limbs
B) femoral
D) elbow
D) clavicle
E) small tibia
Set the correct sequence of biological processes, phenomena, practical actions.
AT 7. Set the sequence of location of the spine from top to bottom. A) sacral
D) coccygeal
B) lumbar
D) chest
B) cervical
AT 7. Establish the sequence of location of the spine from top to bottom.
A) sacral D) coccygeal
B) lumbar E) thoracic
B) cervical
The internal environment of the body
Level A tasks
A1. Blood is classified as a tissue
1) nervous
2) muscular
3) connecting
4) epithelial
A2. In blood plasma, water is
AZ. Hemoglobin is in
1) platelets
2) leukocytes
3) erythrocytes
4) plasma
A4. Capable of amoeboid movement
1) erythrocytes
2) leukocytes
3) platelets
4) erythrocytes and leukocytes
A5. The internal environment of the body is formed
1) blood and lymph
2) tissue fluid and blood
3) lymph and tissue fluid
4) tissue fluid, blood and lymph
Level B assignments
B 1. Leukocytes are blood cells that
1) protect the body from pathogens
2) carry oxygen
3) have a core
4) are formed in the red bone marrow
5) are formed in the yellow bone marrow
6) participate in blood clotting
B 2. Erythrocytes - blood cells
1) spherical shape
2) disc-shaped
3) multi-core
5) living on average up to 100-120 days
6) involved in blood clotting
B 3. Establish a correspondence between people and their blood groups.
BLOOD TYPE
B) A (II) C) C (III) D) AB (IV)
PEOPLE 1) universal donors
2) universal recipients
INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE ORGANISM
Level A tasks
Choose one correct answer from the four given.
A1. The internal environment of the body is
1) sweat 3) saliva
2) tissue fluid 4) contents of the stomach
A2. Platelets are
1) small non-nuclear cells of a biconcave shape
2) colorless cells capable of independent movement
3) fragments of cells with numerous processes
4) small non-nuclear bodies
AZ. Involved in the process of blood clotting
1) hemoglobin 3) interferon
2) fibrinogen 4) myosin
1) 2-3 thousand 3) 6-8 thousand
2) 3-5 thousand 4) more than 10 thousand
A5. Immunity is the body's defense against
1) environmental factors
2) blood loss
3) viruses
4) all genetically alien objects
A6. Active artificial immunity results from
1) past illness 3) introduction of vaccines
2) inheritance 4) administration of serum
A7. Blood components that play a major role in the formation of the body's immune defenses,
1) leukocytes 3) blood plasma
2) platelets 4) erythrocytes
A8. Produced in the spleen and lymph nodes
1) lymphocytes 3) erythrocytes
2) platelets 4) no correct answer
A9. Lifespan of red blood cells
1)1-2 days 3) 100-120 days
2) 10-20 days 4) term is unlimited
A10. A person with I (0) blood type can be transfused with blood
1) 1 (0) groups 3) III (B) groups
2) II (A) groups 4) IV (AB) groups
A11. In a person with IV (AB) blood type, agglutinogen (s) is present in erythrocytes
2) B 4) no agglutinogens
A12. Capable of phagocytosis
1) erythrocytes
2) leukocytes
3) platelets
4) there is no correct answer
Level B assignments
Choose three correct answers from the six given.
IN 1. Blood plasma contains
2) erythrocytes
3) platelets
4) leukocytes
B 2. The internal environment of the body includes
1) blood 4) tissue fluid
2) urine 5) saliva
3) lymph 6) intestinal contents
B 3. There are several types of immunity
1) natural congenital
2) unnatural
3) artificial active
4) artificial passive
5) simple inactive
6) complex
AT 4. Establish a correspondence between blood cells and their functions.
FUNCTIONS
A) oxygen transfer
B) participation in blood clotting
C) the formation of immunity
D) transfer of carbon dioxide
D) phagocytosis of microbes
E) the formation of antibodies
BLOOD CELLS
1) erythrocytes
2) leukocytes
3) platelets
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
AT 5. Establish a correspondence between blood groups and their components.
COMPONENTS
A) in plasma agglutinins α and β
B) in plasma agglutinins α
C) in plasma agglutinins β
D) in erythrocytes antigens A and B
D) in erythrocytes antigens A
E) in erythrocytes antigens B
G) there are no agglutinins in the plasma
BLOOD GROUPS
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E | F |
circulatory and lymphatic systems
Level A tasks
Choose one correct answer from the four given.
A1. Among the vessels of the circulatory system, there are
1) arteries
3) capillaries
4) all of the above are correct
A2. Arterial blood enters the left atrium
1) along the arteries
2) along the aorta
3) through the veins
4) through the capillaries
AZ. From the left ventricle, blood enters
1) two pulmonary arteries
2) pulmonary trunk
4) two pulmonary veins
A4. Between the atrium and the ventricle is the valve(s)
1) folding
2) semilunar
3) cardiac and lunar
4) folded and lunate
A5. From the right ventricle, blood enters
1) two pulmonary veins
2) two pulmonary arteries
4) vena cava
Level B assignments
Choose three correct answers from the six given.
81. Arterial blood moves through
2) arteries
3) veins and arteries
4) capillaries
6) capillaries and veins
82. The circulatory system includes
1) arteries and veins
2) capillaries
3) lymphatic vessels
4) lymph nodes
5) heart
6) trachea and bronchi
Match the contents of the first and second columns.
83. Establish a correspondence between the chambers of the heart and the blood entering them.
HEART CHAMBER BLOOD TYPE
A) right atrium 1) venous
B) right ventricle 2) arterial
B) left ventricle
D) left atrium
TRANSPORT OF SUBSTANCES
Level A tasks
Choose one correct answer from the four given.
A 1. Blood from the heart flows through
2) arteries
3) capillaries
4) veins and arteries
A 2. Inside the pericardial sac is
1) air 3) liquid
2) fat layer 4) muscle layer
A 3. Leaf valves regulate the flow of blood from
1) ventricles to atria
2) atria to ventricles
3) ventricles in arteries
4) veins in the atria
A 4. The pulmonary circulation begins at
1) right atrium 3) left atrium
2) right ventricle 4) left ventricle
A5. Duration of atrial contraction
1)0.1s 3)0.4s
2) 0.3 s 4) 0.8 s
A6. Regulates the work of the heart
1) somatic nervous system
2) autonomic nervous system
3) somatic and autonomic nervous system
4) only humoral system
A7. normal human blood pressure
1)100/60 3)150/90
2)120/70 4)180/100
A8. The slowest blood flow in
1) arteries 3) capillaries
2) aorta 4) veins
A9. Lymphatic vessels drain into
1) large arteries of the neck
2) large neck veins
3) large veins of the lower extremities
4) abdominal arteries
A10. The lymphatic system is part of
1) circulatory system 3) digestive system
2) immune system 4) urinary system
A11. The total cross section of all capillaries of the human body
1) equal to the section of the aorta
2) 10 times smaller than the aortic section
3) 100 times the size of the aorta
4) 1000 times the size of the aorta
A12. Device for measuring blood pressure -
1) pressure gauge 3) tachometer
2) tonometer 4) spirometer
Level B assignments
Choose three correct answers from the six given.
IN 1. The wall of large blood vessels is made up of tissue
1) epithelial 4) cartilaginous
2) fatty 5) nervous
3) muscular 6) connective
IN 2. Systemic circulation
1) begins in the right ventricle
2) begins in the left ventricle
3) provides oxygen delivery to organs and tissues
4) provides gas exchange in the lungs
5) ends in the right atrium
6) ends in the left atrium
VZ. Venous blood flows through
1) pulmonary veins
3) inferior vena cava
4) superior vena cava
5) pulmonary arteries
6) carotid artery
Match the contents of the first and second columns.
B 4. Establish a correspondence between the vessels and circles of blood circulation.
B) pulmonary arteries
B) pulmonary veins
D) vena cava
D) vessels of the brain
E) pulmonary trunk
CIRCULATION CIRCLES
2) big
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
AT 5. Establish a correspondence between the phases of the cardiac cycle and its characteristics.
CHARACTERISTICS
A) duration 0.4 s
B) duration 0.1 s
C) duration 0.3 s
D) contraction of the ventricles, relaxation of the atria
D) atrial contraction, ventricular relaxation
E) general relaxation
3) III phase
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
AT 6. Establish a correspondence between the type of blood and the vessels through which it moves.
A) superior vena cava
B) pulmonary vein
B) carotid artery
D) pulmonary artery
E) radial artery
BLOOD TYPES
deoxygenated blood
arterial blood
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
AT 7. Establish the sequence of stages of the passage of blood through the circles of blood circulation, starting from the left ventricle.
A) right atrium D) capillaries of the lungs
B) aorta E) left atrium
B) left ventricle E) right ventricle
Breath
Level A tasks
Choose one correct answer from the four given.
2) larynx
3) trachea
4) throat
A2. Gas exchange takes place in
1) larynx
2) nasopharynx
3) lungs
4) bronchi
AZ. The respiratory center is located in
1) large hemispheres
2) medulla oblongata
3) cerebellum
A4. Exhaled air contains an average of carbon dioxide
Level B assignments
Choose three correct answers from the six given.
81. The upper respiratory tract includes
1) bronchi
2) nasal cavity
3) lungs
4) nasopharynx
5) trachea
82. Respiratory system
1) provide gas exchange
3) participate in thermoregulation
4) provide a decrease in the intensity of protein synthesis
5) increase immunity
6) participate in metabolism
83. Establish the sequence of stages of gas exchange in humans.
A) transportation of gases by blood B) exchange of gases between the air and lungs C) exchange of gases between the lungs and blood D) gas exchange in tissues.
breath
Level A tasks
Choose one correct answer from the four given.
A1. The respiratory tract is
1) nasal cavity, larynx, trachea
2) nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchi
3) only bronchi
4) trachea and bronchi
A2. The surface of the alveoli in the lungs of an adult is
1) 50 m2 3) about 300 m2
2) 60-120 m2 4) over 300 m2
AZ. The pleural cavity contains
1) liquid 2) air 3) vitamins 4) carbon dioxide
A4. Carbon dioxide is formed in
1) lungs 2) body cells 3) erythrocytes 4) alveoli
1) pharynx 3) larynx
2) trachea 4) oral cavity
A6. The vital capacity of the lungs in an adult is on average
1) 1000-1500ml
2) about 2000ml
3) about 3500ml
4) about 5000
A7. The trachea contains
1) cartilage rings
2) cartilaginous semirings
3) bone rings
4) bone semirings
A8. Respiratory tract refers to
1) alveoli 3) lungs
2) larynx 4) pleura
A9. The mucous membranes of the nasal cavity are made up of
1) muscular 3) connective
2) epithelial 4) nervous
A10. The diaphragm is made up of tissue
3) muscular
4) glandular
1) epithelial
2) connecting
A11. The respiratory center is located in
1) midbrain 3) medulla oblongata
2) spinal cord 4) diencephalon
A12. The respiratory center is excited if in the intercellular substance
1) oxygen concentration decreases
2) oxygen concentration increases
3) the concentration of carbon dioxide increases
4) the concentration of carbon dioxide decreases
Level B assignments
Choose three correct answers from the six given.
81. Major respiratory muscles
1) abdominal muscles
2) diaphragm
3) trapezius muscle
4) internal intercostal muscles
5) external intercostal muscles
6) deltoid muscle
82. Features of the alveoli
1) consist of a single layer of epithelium
2) consist of several layers of epithelial cells
3) have the appearance of bubbles
4) braided with capillaries
5) have the appearance of thin tubes
6) covered with muscle tissue
IN 3. The respiratory system is made up of
1) nasal cavity 4) trachea
2) alveoli 5) lungs
3) larynx 6) pleura
Match the contents of the first and second columns.
AT 4. Establish a correspondence between the composition of air and the type of air.
A) 16% oxygen
B) 0.03-0.04% carbon dioxide
C) 21% oxygen
D) 4-4.5% carbon dioxide
AIR TYPE
1) inhaled 2) exhaled
| BUT | B | AT | G |
AT 5. Establish a correspondence between the stage of the respiratory cycle and the events that occur during it.
STAGE 1) inhale 2) exhale
A) contraction of the external intercostal muscles
B) contraction of the internal intercostal muscles
B) diaphragm contraction
D) relaxation of the diaphragm
D) lowering the ribs
E) lifting the ribs
| BUT | B | AT | G | D | E |
Set the correct sequence of biological processes, phenomena, practical actions.
AT 6. Establish the sequence of stages in the passage of air through the respiratory system.
A) trachea D) nasopharynx
B) nasal cavity D) lungs
C) bronchi E) larynx
Digestion
Level A tasks
Choose one correct answer from the four given.
A1. With food, a person receives
1) proteins and fats
2) minerals and vitamins
3) fats and carbohydrates
4) all of the above are correct
A2. An important role in the processing of food in the oral cavity is played by the tongue, which
1) stirs
2) moves towards the pharynx
4) all of the above are correct
AZ. The part of the digestive system where starch digestion begins is
1) oral cavity
2) stomach
4) small intestine
A4. The stomach is
1) part of the small intestine
2) digestive gland
3) an organ of the excretory system
4) expansion of the alimentary canal
A5. An adult's teeth
A6. Fangs in an adult
A7. The enzyme pepsin breaks down
2) carbohydrates
4) vitamins
Level B assignments
Choose three correct answers from the six given.
IN 1. The ducts of the salivary glands open into the oral cavity
1) chewable
2) parotid
3) digestive
4) sublingual
5) submandibular
6) mimic
82. Splitting occurs in the small intestine
1) proteins to amino acids
2) glucose to carbon dioxide and water
3) fiber to sucrose
4) carbohydrates to glucose
5) fat to fatty acids and glycerol
6) vitamins
Set the correct sequence of biological processes, phenomena, practical actions.
83. Establish the sequence of stages of digestion. A) mechanical processing of food in the oral cavity B) the breakdown of carbohydrates under the action of saliva enzymes C) mixing food with gastric juice D) the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins and fats to elementary organic compounds
D) removal of undigested food residues from the body E) absorption of nutrients into the blood and lymph
digestion
Level A tasks
Choose one correct answer from the four given.
A1. The breakdown of carbohydrates begins at
1) stomach 3) small intestine
2) oral cavity 4) esophagus
A2. In each jaw in an adult
1) 32 teeth 3) 20 teeth
2) 16 teeth 4) 10 teeth
AZ. The root of the tooth is covered
1) cement 2) enamel 3) dentin 4) crown
A4. Digestive juice that does not contain enzymes
1) saliva 3) bile
2) gastric juice 4) intestinal juice
A5. Mainly digested in the stomach
1) proteins 3) carbohydrates
2) fats 4) sugars
A6. The digestive glands are
1) pancreas 3) adrenal glands
2) spleen 4) thyroid gland
A7. The initial section of the small intestine is
1) esophagus 3) gallbladder
2) duodenum 4) caecum
A8. Does not occur in the oral cavity
1) mechanical grinding of food
2) destruction of microbes
3) water suction
4) breakdown of carbohydrates
A9. When starch is broken down, it forms
1) amino acids
2) glycerin and fatty acids
3) glucose
4) fructose
A10. The villi are formed by the mucous membrane
1) esophagus 3) small intestine
2) stomach 4) large intestine
A11. The wall of the stomach is not digested by digestive juices because
1) the damaged epithelium is quickly restored
2) the wall of the stomach is covered with mucus
3) there are no necessary enzymes in the gastric juice
4) digestive enzymes cannot digest the components of the body that synthesizes them
A12. The function of the liver is not
1) bile formation
2) storage of glycogen
3) enzyme production
4) neutralization of toxic substances that have entered the blood from the intestines
Level B assignments
Choose three correct answers from the six given.
B 1. Large salivary glands
1) parotid
2) behind the ear
3) sublingual
4) circumlingual
5) supramaxillary
6) submandibular
B 2. In the small intestine occurs
1) abdominal digestion
2) parietal digestion
3) suction
4) accumulation of remnants of undigested food
5) the formation of feces
6) fiber breakdown
B 3. Depending on the predominance of different substances, food is distinguished
1) protein 4) carbohydrate
2) fatty 5) fatty
3) mineral b) sugar
Match the contents of the first and second columns.
AT 4. Establish a correspondence between nutrients and their breakdown products.
NUTRITIONAL PRODUCTS
SPLITTING SUBSTANCE
A) glycerol 1) proteins
B) glucose 2) carbohydrates
B) amino acids 3) fats
D) fatty acids
| BUT | B | AT | G |
AT 5. Establish a correspondence between the substances and the vessels into which they are absorbed.
SUBSTANCES
A) glycerin
B) glucose
B) mineral salts
D) fatty acids
D) amino acids
1) blood capillaries
2) lymph capillaries
| BUT | B | AT | G | D |
Set the correct sequence of biological processes, phenomena, practical actions.
AT 6. Set the sequence of the departments pi
digestive tract in humans.
A) esophagus D) pharynx
B) stomach D) large intestine
C) oral cavity E) small intestine
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