All about solar eclipse. Solar and lunar eclipse

An eclipse is usually called an astronomical situation, during which one celestial body completely blocks the light of another celestial body. The most famous are eclipses of the Moon and the Sun. Eclipses are considered interesting natural phenomena familiar to mankind since ancient times. They occur relatively often, but are not visible from every point of the earth. For this reason, eclipses seem to be a rare factor to many. As everyone knows, the planets and their satellites do not stand in one place. The earth revolves around the sun, and the moon revolves around the earth. Periodically, there are moments when the Moon fully or partially covers the Sun. So why do solar and lunar eclipses occur?

Moon eclipse

During its full phase, the moon appears copper-red, especially as it approaches the center of the shadow region. This shade is due to the fact that the rays of the sun, tangent to the surface of the earth, passing through the atmosphere, are scattered and fall into the shadow of the Earth through a thick layer of air. This is best achieved with rays of red and orange hues. Therefore, only they color the lunar disk in such a color, based on the state of the earth's atmosphere.

solar eclipse

A solar eclipse is a lunar shadow on the surface of the Earth. The diameter of the shadow spot is about two hundred kilometers, which is several times smaller than the earth. For this reason, the eclipse of the sun can only be seen in a narrow strip in the path of the moon's shadow. An eclipse of the Sun occurs when the Moon falls between the observer and the Sun, blocking it in the process.

Since the Moon on the eve of the eclipse is turned to us by the side that does not fall on the light, then on the eve of the eclipse of the Sun there is always a new moon. Simply put, the moon becomes invisible. There is an impression that the Sun is covered by a black disk.

Why do solar and lunar eclipses happen?

The phenomena of solar and lunar eclipses are well observed through. Observers have been able to achieve great achievements by confirming the effect of the gravity of large objects in space on light rays.

Astronomical knowledge is an interesting part of the general knowledge that a person needs to understand what is happening in the environment. We direct our eyes to the sky whenever dreams take possession of the mind. Sometimes some phenomena strike a person to the core. We will talk about such in our article, namely, what a lunar and solar eclipse is.

Although today the disappearance or partial concealment of the luminaries from our eyes does not cause such superstitious fear as among our ancestors, a special halo of mystery of these processes remains. Nowadays, science has facts that can be used to explain this or that phenomenon simply and easily. We will try to do this in today's article.

and how does it happen?

A solar eclipse is one that occurs as a result of the fact that the Earth's satellite eclipses the entire solar surface or part of it facing observers located on the ground. At the same time, it is possible to see it only during the new moon period, when the part of the Moon turned to the planet is not completely illuminated, that is, it becomes invisible to the naked eye. We understood what an eclipse is, and now we will find out how it happens.

An eclipse occurs when the Moon is not illuminated by the Sun from the side visible on Earth. This is possible only in the growing phase, when it is near one of the two lunar nodes (by the way, the lunar node is the point of intersecting lines of two orbits, solar and lunar). At the same time, the lunar shadow on the planet has a diameter of no more than 270 kilometers. Therefore, the eclipse can be observed only in the place of the shadow band. In turn, the Moon, rotating in its orbit, maintains a certain distance between it and the Earth, which at the time of the eclipse can be completely different.

When do we observe a total solar eclipse?

You have probably heard about the concept of a total eclipse. Here we once again clearly define what a total solar eclipse is and what conditions are needed for it.

The shadow of the Moon falling on the Earth is a kind of spot of a certain diameter with a possible change in size. As we have already said, the diameter of the shadow does not exceed 270 kilometers, while the minimum figure approaches zero. If at this moment the observer of the eclipse finds himself in a dark band, he has a unique opportunity to become a witness to the complete disappearance of the Sun. At the same time, the sky becomes dark, with the outlines of stars and even planets. And around the previously hidden solar disk, the outline of the crown appears, which is impossible to see at normal times. A total eclipse lasts no more than a few minutes.

The photographs of this unique phenomenon presented in the article will help to see and realize what a solar eclipse is. If you decide to observe this phenomenon live, you must observe safety measures regarding vision.

With that, we finished the information block, in which we learned what a solar eclipse is and what conditions are necessary to see it. Next, we have to get acquainted with the lunar eclipse, or, as it sounds in English, lunar eclipse.

What is a lunar eclipse and how does it happen?

A lunar eclipse is a cosmic phenomenon that occurs when the Moon falls into the shadow of the Earth. In this case, as with the Sun, events can have several options for the development.

Depending on several factors, a lunar eclipse can be total or partial. Logically, we can well assume what this or that term characterizing a particular eclipse means. Let's find out what a total lunar eclipse is.

How and when does a planetary satellite become invisible?

Such an eclipse of the Moon is usually visible where at the appropriate moment it is located above the horizon. The satellite is in the shadow of the Earth, but the total eclipse is not able to completely hide the Moon. In this case, it is only slightly shaded, acquiring a dark, reddish tint. This is because, even being completely in the shade, the lunar disk does not cease to be illuminated by the sun's rays passing through the earth's atmosphere.

Our knowledge has expanded with facts about the eclipse of the moon. However, this is not all possible options for the eclipse of the satellite by the earth's shadow. The rest will be discussed later.

Partial lunar eclipse

As with the Sun, the obscuration of the visible surface of the Moon is often incomplete. We can observe a partial eclipse when some part of the Moon is in the Earth's shadow. This means that when part of the satellite is eclipsed, that is, it is obscured by our planet, then its second part continues to be illuminated by the Sun and remains well viewed by us.

A penumbral eclipse, which differs from other astronomical processes, will seem much more interesting and unusual. About what is a penumbral eclipse of the Moon, we will talk further.

Unique penumbral lunar eclipse

This type of eclipse of the Earth's satellite occurs a little differently than partial. From open sources or already from our own experience, it is easy to learn that there are areas on the surface of the Earth where the sun's rays are not completely obscured, which means they cannot be a shadow. But there is no direct sunlight here either. This is the penumbra area. And when the Moon, which has fallen into this very place, is in the penumbra of the Earth, we can observe a penumbral eclipse.

When entering the penumbral region, the lunar disk changes its brightness, becoming a little darker. True, such a phenomenon is almost impossible to notice and recognize with the naked eye. This will require special devices. It is also interesting that the dimming can be more noticeable from one edge of the Moon's disk.

So we have finished the second main block of our article. Now we can easily explain ourselves what a lunar eclipse is and how it happens. But the interesting facts about solar and lunar eclipses do not end there. Let's continue the topic by answering some questions related to these amazing phenomena.

What are the most common eclipses?

After all that we have learned from the previous parts of the article, the question naturally arises: which of the eclipses are we more likely to see in our lives? We will also say a few words about this.

Unbelievable, but true: the number of eclipses of the Sun is greater, even though the Moon is smaller in size than After all, knowing what an eclipse is and why it occurs, one might think that the shadow from a larger object is more likely to block a smaller one than vice versa. Based on this logic, the size of the Earth allows you to hide the lunar disk in no time.
Nevertheless, it is the eclipses of the Sun on the planet that happen more. According to the statistics of astronomers and observers, for seven eclipses there are only three lunar, solar, respectively, four.

The Reason for the Amazing Statistics

The disks of the celestial bodies closest to us, the Sun and the Moon, are practically the same in diameter in the sky. This is the reason why solar eclipses can occur.

Usually, eclipses of the Sun fall on the period of the new moon, that is, when the Moon approaches its orbital nodes. And since it is not perfectly round, and the nodes of the orbit move along the ecliptic, during favorable periods, the disk of the Moon on the celestial sphere can be either larger or smaller, or even equal to the solar disk.

In this case, the first case contributes to a total eclipse. The decisive factor is the angular. At the maximum size, the eclipse can last up to seven and a half minutes. The second case implies complete shading for only seconds. In the third case, when the disk of the Moon is smaller than the solar one, a very beautiful eclipse occurs - annular. Around the dark disk of the Moon we see a shining ring - the edges of the solar disk. This eclipse lasts 12 minutes.

Thus, we have supplemented our knowledge of what a solar eclipse is and how it occurs with new details worthy of amateur researchers.

The eclipse factor: the location of the luminaries

An equally important reason for an eclipse is the uniform arrangement of the heavenly bodies. The Moon's shadow may or may not hit the Earth. And sometimes it happens that only a penumbra from an eclipse falls on the Earth. In this case, one can observe a partial, that is, an incomplete eclipse of the Sun, which we have already talked about, even when we talked about what an eclipse of the Sun is.

If a lunar eclipse can be observed from the entire night surface of the planet, from which the circumference of the lunar disk is visible, then a solar eclipse can be observed only when you are in a narrow band 40-100 kilometers wide on average.

How often can you see eclipses?

Now that we know what an eclipse is and why there are more of them than others, one more exciting question remains: how often can these amazing phenomena be observed? After all, in our lives, each of us heard only one news about the eclipse, a maximum of two, someone - not a single one ...

Despite the fact that a solar eclipse occurs more often than a lunar eclipse, it can still be seen in the same area (remember the strip with an average width of 40-100 kilometers) only once every 300 years. But a total lunar eclipse, a person can observe several times in his life, but only if the observer has not changed his place of residence throughout his life. Although today, knowing about the blackout, you can get anywhere and by any means of transport. Those who know what a lunar eclipse is will certainly not stop in front of a hundred or two kilometers of travel for an incredible spectacle. Today there are no problems with this. And if suddenly you received information about the next eclipse in some place, do not be lazy and spare no expense to get to the place of maximum visibility at the moment when you can observe the ongoing eclipse. Believe me, no distance can compare with the impressions received.

Upcoming visible eclipses

You can learn about the frequency and schedule of the occurrence of eclipses from the astronomical calendar. In addition, significant events such as a total eclipse will certainly be talked about in the media. The calendar says that the next solar eclipse visible in the capital of Russia will take place on October 16, 2126. Recall also that the last eclipse in this area could be observed more than a hundred years ago - in 1887. So the inhabitants of Moscow will not have to observe a solar eclipse for many more years. The only opportunity to see an amazing phenomenon is to go to Siberia, to the Far East. There you can observe a change in the brightness of the Sun: it will only darken a little.

Conclusion

In our astronomical article, we tried to explain clearly and briefly what an eclipse of the Sun and Moon is, how these phenomena occur, how often they can be seen. The conclusion of our research in this area: the eclipse of different celestial bodies occur according to different principles and have their own characteristics. But understanding some of the details necessary for the average person's full knowledge of the environment is very important.

In our time, thanks to advanced science and technology, the luminary that went out for a while no longer frightens at all, but remains just as enticingly mysterious. Today we know what a lunar and solar eclipse is and what they bring us. Let now interest in them be purely cognitive as a rare outlandish phenomenon. Also, in the end, we wish you to see at least one eclipse with your own eyes!

Solar eclipse- an astronomical phenomenon, which consists in the fact that Moon covers (eclipses) completely or partially The sun from the observer. A solar eclipse is possible only in new moon when the side of the Moon facing the Earth is not illuminated and the Moon itself is not visible.

Eclipses are possible only if the new moon occurs near one of the two lunar nodes (points of intersection of the apparent orbits of the Moon and the Sun), no more than about 12 degrees from one of them.The moon's shadow on the earth's surface does not exceed 270 km in diameter, so a solar eclipse is observed only in a narrow band along the path of the shadow.

Since the Moon revolves in an elliptical orbit, the distance between the Earth and the Moon at the time of an eclipse can be different, respectively, the diameter of the lunar shadow spot on the Earth's surface can vary widely from maximum to zero (when the top of the cone of the lunar shadow does not reach the Earth's surface). If the observer is in the shadow strip, he sees total solar eclipse, at which the moon completely hides The sun , the sky darkens, and planets and bright stars can appear on it. Around the solar disk hidden by the Moon, one can observe , which is not visible under the normal bright light of the Sun. When the eclipse is observed by a stationary ground observer, the total phase lasts no more than a few minutes. The minimum speed of the lunar shadow on the earth's surface is just over 1 km/s. During a total solar eclipse astronauts in orbit , can observe a traveling shadow from the Moon on the surface of the Earth.Observers close to the total eclipse can see it aspartial solar eclipse. During a partial eclipse, the moon passes over disk of the sun not exactly centered, hiding only part of it. In this case, the sky darkens much weaker than during a total eclipse, the stars do not appear. A partial eclipse can be observed at a distance of about two thousand kilometers from the zone of total eclipse.The totality of a solar eclipse is also expressed by the phaseΦ . The maximum phase of a partial eclipse is usually expressed in hundredths of a unit, where 1 is the total phase of the eclipse. The total phase can be greater than unity, for example 1.01, if the diameter of the visible lunar disk is greater than the diameter of the visible solar disk. Partial phases have a value less than 1. At the edge of the lunar penumbra, the phase is 0.The moment when the leading / trailing edge of the Moon's disk touches the edge Sun, called touch. The first touch is the moment when the moon enters disk of the sun (the beginning of the eclipse, its partial phase). The last touch (fourth in the event of a total eclipse) is the last moment of the eclipse, when the Moon descends from solar disk . In the event of a total eclipse, the second touch is the moment when the front of the Moon, having passed around sun , starts exiting the disk. A total solar eclipse occurs between the second and third touches. After 600 million yearstidal acceleration pushes the moon awayso far away from Earth that a total solar eclipse would be impossible.

Astronomical classification of solar eclipses.

Diagram of a total solar eclipse.

Diagram of an annular solar eclipse.

According to astronomical classification, if an eclipse at least somewhere on the surface of the Earth can be observed as total, it is called complete. If the eclipse can only be observed as a partial eclipse (this happens when the cone of the moon's shadow passes near the earth's surface, but does not touch it), the eclipse is classified as private. When an observer is in the shadow of the moon, he observes a total solar eclipse. When he is in the area penumbra , he can observe a partial solar eclipse. In addition to total and partial solar eclipses, there are annular eclipses. An annular eclipse occurs when the Moon is at a greater distance from the Earth at the time of the eclipse than during a total eclipse, and the shadow cone passes overearth's surface without reaching it. Visually, during an annular eclipse, the Moon passes over the disk of the Sun, but it turns out to be smaller than the Sun in diameter, and cannot completely hide it. In the maximum phase of the eclipse, the Sun is covered by the Moon, but a bright ring of the uncovered part of the solar disk is visible around the Moon. The sky during an annular eclipse remains bright, the stars do not appear, it is impossible to observe. The same eclipse can be seen in different parts of the eclipse band as total or annular. Such an eclipse is called a total annular or hybrid eclipse.
frequency of solar eclipses.- From 2 to 5 solar eclipses can occur on Earth per year, of which no more than two are total or annular. On average, 237 solar eclipses occur in a hundred years, of which 160 are partial, 63 are total, and 14 are annular.. At a certain point on the earth's surface, eclipses in the major phase occur quite rarely, and total solar eclipses are even more rare. So, on the territory of Moscow from the 11th to the 18th centuries, 159 solar eclipses with a phase greater than 0.5 could be observed, of which only 3 were total (August 11, 1124, March 20, 1140 and June 7, 1415). Another total solar eclipse occurred on August 19, 1887. An annular eclipse could be observed in Moscow on April 26, 1827. A very strong eclipse with a phase of 0.96 occurred on July 9, 1945. The next total solar eclipse is expected in Moscow only on October 16, 2126. At the same time, in the region Biysk for the period from 1981 to 2008, there were as many as three complete solar eclipses: July 31, 1981, March 29, 2006 year and August 1, 2008. It is noteworthy that the interval between the last two eclipses was only about 2.5 years.
Solar eclipse on the moon - an astronomical phenomenon that occurs when Moon, Earth and Sun line up with the Earth between the Moon and the Sun. At the same time, the shadow from the Earth falls on the Moon, which is observed from the Earth as moon eclipse . At this moment, from the moon you can observe in which the earth's disk obscures the sun's disk. Thus, solar eclipses on the Moon occur as often as lunar eclipses on Earth, while the duration of the total phase of a solar eclipse, visible from the Moon, during a central eclipse can reach 2.8 hours. A total solar eclipse on the Moon can be observed on its entire day side, in contrast to the Earth, where a total solar eclipse can only be observed within a relatively narrow band of passage of the lunar shadow. Since the Moon always faces the Earth on one side, solar eclipses on the Moon can only be observed on this ( visible side of the moon.

Moon eclipse an eclipse that occurs when the moon enterscone of shadow cast Earth. The diameter of the Earth's shadow spot at a distance 363,000 km (the minimum distance of the Moon from the Earth) is about 2.6 Moon diameters, so the entire Moon can be obscured. At each moment of the eclipse, the degree of coverage of the Moon's disk by the Earth's shadow is expressed by the phase of the eclipse. Phase valueΦ determined by distanceθ from the center of the moon to the center of the shadow. In astronomical calendars, values ​​are givenΦ and θ for different eclipse times.

When the Moon during an eclipse completely enters the shadow of the Earth, they talk about total lunar eclipse, when partially - o partial eclipse. When the moon enters only the penumbra of the Earth, they talk about privatepenumbral eclipse. The necessary conditions for the onset of a lunar eclipse are the full moon and the proximity of the Moon to the node of its orbit (that is, to the point where the Moon's orbit crosses the ecliptic plane); A lunar eclipse occurs when both of these conditions are met simultaneously.

As seen by an observer on Earth, on the imaginary celestial sphere, the Moon crosses the ecliptic twice a month at positions called nodes. The full moon can fall on such a position, on the node, then you can observe a lunar eclipse. (Note: not to scale)

Full eclipse. - A lunar eclipse can be observed across the entire hemisphere Earth , facing the Moon at that moment (that is, where at the time of the eclipse Moon is above the horizon). The view of the darkened Moon from any point on the Earth where it is generally visible is almost the same - this is the fundamental difference between lunar eclipses and solar eclipses, which are visible only in a limited area. The maximum theoretically possible duration of the total phase of a lunar eclipse is 108 minutes; such were, for example, lunar eclipses July 26, 1953, July 16, 2000 . In this case, the Moon passes through the center of the earth's shadow; total lunar eclipses of this type are calledcentral, they differ from non-central ones in longer duration and lower brightness of the Moon during the total phase of the eclipse.During an eclipse (even a total one), the Moon does not disappear completely, but becomes dark red. This fact is explained by the fact that the Moon, even in the phase of a total eclipse, continues to be illuminated. The sun's rays passing tangentially to the earth's surface are scattered in Earth's atmosphere and due to this scattering partially reachMoon. Because the earth's atmospheremost transparent to red-orange rays partsspectrum , it is these rays that reach the surface to a greater extent Moon during an eclipse, which explains the color of the lunar disk. In fact, this is the same effect as the orange-red glow of the sky near the horizon ( dawn) before sunrise or immediately after sunset . To estimate the brightness of the moon during an eclipse, we use sh cala of Danjon. An observer who is at the moment of a total or partial shadow lunar eclipse on the shaded part of the Moon sees a total

Private eclipse. - If the Moon falls into the total shadow of the Earth only partially, there ispartial eclipse. At the same time, that part of the Moon, on which the Earth's shadow falls, turns out to be dark, but the part of the Moon, even in the maximum phase of the eclipse, remains in partial shade and is illuminated by the sun's rays. An observer on the Moon in the penumbra sees a partial eclipse Sun Earth.

penumbral eclipse. - Around the Earth's shadow cone there is penumbra - the area of ​​space in which the Earth obscures The sun only partially. If the Moon passes through the penumbra, but does not enter the shadow,penumbral eclipse. With it, the brightness of the Moon decreases, but only slightly: such a decrease is almost imperceptible to the naked eye and is recorded only by instruments. Only when the Moon in a penumbral eclipse passes near the cone of total shadow, in a clear sky, one can notice a slight darkening from one edge of the lunar disk. If the moon is completely in partial shade (but not touching the shadow), such an eclipse is calledfull penumbra; if only part of the moon enters the penumbra, such an eclipse is calledprivate penumbral. Total penumbral eclipses are rare, unlike partial ones; the last full penumbra wasMarch 14, 2006 , and the next one will happen only in 2042.

Periodicity. -Due to the discrepancy between the planes of the lunar and earth orbits, not every full moon is accompanied by a lunar eclipse, and not every lunar eclipse -complete. The maximum number of lunar eclipses per year is 4 (for example, this will happen in 2020 and 2038), the minimum number of lunar eclipses is two per year. Eclipses repeat in the same order every 6585⅓ days (or 18 years 11 days and ~8 hours - a period called saros ); knowing where and when a total lunar eclipse was observed, one can accurately determine the time of subsequent and previous eclipses that are clearly visible in this area. This cyclicity often helps to accurately date the events described in the historical annals.The last lunar eclipse happened February 11, 2017 ; it was a private penumbra. The next lunar eclipses will occur August 7, 2017 (private), January 31, 2018 (full), July 27, 2018 (full). It should be noted that lunar eclipses are often accompanied by preceding (two weeks) or subsequent (two weeks) solar eclipses . This is due to the fact that in those two weeks during which the Moon passes half of its orbit, The sun does not have time to move away from the line of nodes of the lunar orbit, and as a result, the conditions necessary for the onset of a solar eclipse (new moon and The sun near the node). Sometimes there are even three consecutive eclipses (solar, lunar and solar or lunar, solar and lunar), separated by two weeks. For example, a sequence of three eclipses was observed in 2013: April 25 (lunar, partial), May 10 (sunny, annular ) and May 25 (lunar, partial penumbral). Another example is in 2011: June 1 (solar, partial), June 15 (lunar, total), July 1 (solar, partial) . The time when the sun is near the node of the lunar orbit and eclipses can occur is called eclipse season its duration is about a month.The next lunar eclipse occurs sometimes in moon month (then, approximately in the middle between these two eclipses, a solar eclipse always occurs), but more often it occurs about six months later, in the next eclipse season. During this time, the Sun on the celestial sphere passes along the ecliptic from one node of the lunar orbit to another (the line of nodes of the lunar orbit also moves, but more slowly), and the set of conditions necessary for a lunar eclipse is restored again: full moon and the Sun near the node. The period between successive passages by the Sun of the nodes of the lunar orbit is 173.31 days , half of the so-called draconian year ; after this time, the season of eclipses repeats.

Ebb and flow - periodic vertical fluctuations in the level of the ocean or sea, which are the result of changes in the positions of the Moon and the Sun relative to the Earth, together with the effects of the Earth's rotation and the features of this relief, and manifested in a periodic horizontal displacement of water masses. Tides cause changes in sea level and periodic currents, known as tidal currents, making tide prediction important for coastal navigation.The intensity of these phenomena depends on many factors, but the most important of them is the degree of connection of water bodies with oceans . The more closed the reservoir, the less the degree of manifestation of tidal phenomena.For example, on the coastIn the Gulf of Finland, these phenomena are noticeable only in shallow water, and the periodically occurring earlier floods in St. Petersburg were explained by a long wave associated with fluctuations in atmospheric pressure and surge western winds. On the other hand, eIf there is a narrowing bay or river mouth at the point where the tide is strong enough, this can lead to the formation of a powerful tidal wave that rises up the river, sometimes hundreds of kilometers. Of these waves, the most famous are:

• Amazon River - height up to 4 meters, speed up to 25 km/h
• Fuchunjiang River (Hangzhou, China) - the highest forest in the world, height up to 9 meters, speed up to 40 km/h
• the Ptikodiak River (Bay of Fundy, Canada) - the height reached 2 meters, now it is greatly weakened by a dam
• Cook Bay, one of the branches (Alaska) - height up to 2 meters, speed 20 km / h

Lunar tide interval- this is the period of time from the moment the moon passes through the zenith point over your area until the highest value of the water level at high tide.Although for the globe the magnitude of the gravitational force sun almost 200 times greater than the force of gravitygenerated by the Moon, almost twice as many generated by the Sun. This is due to the fact that tidal forces do not depend on the magnitude of the gravitational field, but on the degree of its inhomogeneity. As the distance from the field source increases, the inhomogeneity decreases faster than the magnitude of the field itself. Insofar as The sun almost 400 times farther from Earth than Moon then tidal forces , caused by solar attraction, are weaker.Also, one of the reasons for the occurrence of tides is the daily (proper) rotation of the Earth. The masses of water in the oceans, having the shape of an ellipsoid, the major axis of which does not coincide with the axis of rotation of the Earth, participate in its rotation around this axis. This leads to the fact that in the reference frame associated with the earth's surface, two waves run across the ocean along mutually opposite sides of the globe, leading at each point of the ocean coast to periodic, twice a day, recurring ebb phenomena, alternating with tides.Thus, the key points in explaining tidal phenomena are:

• daily rotation of the globe;
• deformation of the water shell covering the earth's surface, turning the latter into an ellipsoid.

The absence of one of these factors excludes the possibility of ebbs and flows.When explaining the causes of tides, attention is usually paid only to the second of these factors. But the conventional explanation of the phenomenon under consideration only by the action of tidal forces is incomplete.The tidal wave, which has the shape of the ellipsoid mentioned above, is a superposition of two "double-humped" waves formed as a result of the gravitational interaction of the planetary pair Earth - Moon and the gravitational interaction of this pair with the central luminary - the Sun on one side. In addition, the factor determining the formation of this wave is the inertial forces that occur when celestial bodies revolve around their common centers of mass.The yearly recurring tidal cycle remains unchanged due to the exact compensation of the forces of attraction between the Sun and the center of mass of the planetary pair and the forces of inertia applied to this center.Since the position of the Moon and the Sun in relation to the Earth periodically changes, the intensity of the resulting tidal phenomena also changes. Moon phases- Periodically changing lighting conditionsMoon by the Sun.
The nature of the phases. -The change in the phases of the moon is due to changes in lighting conditionssun the dark ball of the Moon as it moves in orbit. With a change in the relative position of the Earth, Moon and Sun Terminator (the boundary between the illuminated and unilluminated parts of the Moon's disk) moves, which causes a change in the outlines of the visible part of the Moon.
Changes in the apparent shape of the moon. -Since the Moon is a spherical body, when it is partially illuminated from the side, a “sickle” appears. The illuminated side of the moon always points towards the sun, even if it is hidden behind the horizon.Full shift duration phases of the moon (so-called synodic month) is unstable due to the ellipticity of the lunar orbit, and varies from 29.25 to 29.83 Earth solar days. Average the synodic month is 29.5305882 days ( 29 days 12 hours 44 minutes 2.82 sec.) . In the phases of the moon close to the new moon (at the beginning of the first quarter and at the end of the last quarter), with a very narrow crescent, the unlit part forms the so-called.ashen moonlight- the visible glow of a characteristic ash-colored surface not illuminated by direct sunlight.

Earth-Moon-Sun system.- The moon, on its way around the Earth, is illuminated by the Sun, it does not glow itself. 1. new moon, 3. first quarter, 5. full moon, 7. last quarter.

Sequential change of the visible moon in the sky.

The moon goes through the following phases of illumination:

1. new moon - a state when the moon is not visible.
2. the young moon is the first appearance of the moon in the sky after the new moon in the form of a narrow sickle.
3. the first quarter is the state when half of the moon is illuminated.
4. waxing moon
5. full moon - a state when the entire moon is lit.
6. waning moon
7. last quarter - a state when half of the moon is again illuminated.
8. old moon

Usually, there is one full moon for each calendar month, but since the phases of the moon change a little faster than 12 times a year, sometimes there are second full moons in a month, called a blue moon.
Mnemonic Ruledetermining the phases of the moon. -To distinguish the first quarter from the last, an observer in the northern hemisphere can use the following mnemonic rules. If the crescent moon in the sky looks like the letter "With(d)", then this is the moon "Withaging ”or“ descending ”, that is, this is the last quarter (in French dernier). If it is turned in the opposite direction, then, mentally putting a stick to it, you can get the letter “R(p)" - moon " Rastushchaya", that is, this is the first quarter (in French premier).A growing month is usually observed in the evening, and an aging month is usually observed in the morning.It should be noted that near the equator the moon is always seen lying on its side, and this method is not suitable for determining the phase. AT southern hemisphere the orientation of the crescent in the corresponding phases is opposite: the growing month (from the new moon to the full moon) is similar to the letter "C" (Crescendo,<), а убывающий (от полнолуния до новолуния) похож на букву «Р» без палочки (Diminuendo, >) .
Moon phases in Unicode. -The characters used are U+1F311 to U+1F318:
Influence on a person. - In December 2009, a number media said that a group of analysts from the Macquarie Securities investment bank (Australia), based on their own research, came to the conclusion that the moon phases influence the dynamics of world financial market indices. The representatives of the British police said the connection between the lunar phases and the level of violence. The ancient physician Galen associated the pain experienced by women during premenstrual syndrome, with phases of the moon.
What is recommended to do during eclipses? - The events of any eclipse, whether solar or lunar, are fateful. And although some points may seem insignificant to you, in fact, it is they that set the general mood of the future. Therefore, it is so important to record the main events of this period somewhere, and then carefully analyze them and think over the possible outcome. So you can correct bad changes and increase the effect of the good consequences of this phenomenon.Very welland it is useful to meditate and memorize various affirmations, short parting and encouraging phrases. This will help you calm down and find harmony within yourself. In addition, such spiritual practices are a good way to show the Universe what you want and what you dream about.Counts,that during this period the information that we receive is also perceived more sharply, and the impressions from it are brighter. So if you've been postponing reading a book for a better time, or watching a movie, if it's not related to a long trip, then this moment has come. Your feelings from these actions will be unforgettable and this is a chance to replenish your pleasant memories.And in general,it is useful to do something that is connected with feelings and good impressions. Think about it, maybe you have been dreaming about something like this for a long time?
What is absolutely not recommended to do during eclipses?- Travel and travel at this time will be dangerous, it is also undesirable to drive any transport.
-Important decisions and attempts to change your life at this time will not only be useless, but also harmful to your life.
-Do not sort things out with anyone, and also do not change abruptly your personal life (wedding, engagement, divorce, moving to a new level, and so on).
-Avoid large purchases, as well as serious financial transactions.
-Try to avoid large crowds of people, and also do not get involved in any conflicts, because they can develop into something more.
As you can see, eclipses cannot be named unambiguously a bad phenomenon, because it carries a lot of useful things. And if you are a little more enterprising, then you can make a huge benefit.But your main taskat this time - is to take care of your nervous system and calm yourself. Think positive and dream because it brings bright colors into our lives and sets the goal for which we want to live.

That's all for today. These are general trends for everyone. Do not forget about gratitude and LIFE will bring you as many joyful and successful events in life as you allow yourself. An important nuance! There are two key points in the technique of conducting various activations. First, you need to be clear about what you want. And this applies to various activations - to attract love, money, help, improve relationships. That is, not just thoughtlessly go in the right direction or light a candle in the right place, but to prepare internally for its holding. Before starting the activation, it is very good to tune in to the desired result, see your goal, even describe it on a piece of paper, think about it in the process, imagine that the goal has been achieved and feel this state. The second secret is not to stop after the first or second activation! The rule of regularity works here, in this case you will experience really noticeable and long-term results that will appear from month to month. Everyone in the bonus below activation. Be very careful, money star, very capricious, perform activations exactly on time, think positively and everything will work out.

Order, "personal calendar of auspicious dates." Personal calendar of auspiciousis compiled taking into account the date, place of birth and place of residence of the person. This unique and useful tool will help you effectively plan any business processes, negotiationsand personal affairs, and the right actions at the right time will bring good luck and prosperity into your life!Personal calendar of auspiciousdates and hours for each day will give you a huge advantage over other people. You will move with the flow of time as planned, and therefore more efficiently. Since you will know exactly when favorable moments come, you will only do your important things in them. Thus, you will save your time and energy. And time, as you know, is an irreplaceable and most valuable resource!
There are also packages:
- "Pushing wealth"
- "Bird falling into the nest",
- The dragon turns its head
- "3 generals",
"4 noble".
It's up to you what you want to improve. Take action! The choice is yours! I was with you, YOUR guide on the path to success.

> > solar eclipse

Solar eclipse- description for children: phases and conditions, eclipse scheme, position of the Moon, Sun and Earth in space, total, partial, annular, how to observe.

For the little ones you should know exactly how this amazing event occurs - a solar eclipse. Children we must not forget that all objects in the solar system move along their own trajectory. On certain dates, the Moon becomes in the space between us and, covering a certain part of the Earth with its shadow. Of course, depending on the position of the bodies, there can be a total, partial or annular solar eclipse. But all this is based on specific factors that need to be explain to the children. The diagram below will show how an eclipse is formed and which solar eclipse you are looking at in a particular case.

Parents or teachers at school should start with a backstory. The moon appeared 4.5 billion years ago. But initially it was located much closer, until it began to gradually move away (by 4 cm every year). Now the Moon has receded so much that it fits perfectly into the outline of the Sun (in the sky, both objects seem to us the same size). True, it doesn't always work out that way.

When will the next eclipse be?

To give complete explanation for children, it would be good to study the conditions of a solar eclipse and give an example of the previous event - February 26. It has been visible from Argentina, the South Atlantic and parts of Africa. Although with modern technology, having a computer, you can watch it anywhere on earth.

The next solar eclipse will be visible from North America on August 21st. It will be complete and will pass through the US states: from Oregon to Georgia.

Types of solar eclipses

When people watch a solar eclipse, they don't always understand what they see. Children must remember only four varieties: full, ring, partial and hybrid.

Complete

To be honest, regarding the total solar eclipse, we are just very lucky. The solar diameter is 400 times that of the moon. But even for the little ones it is not news that the earth satellite is closer. Therefore, when their orbits intersect, the distance is equalized and the Moon can completely cover the solar disk. Usually this is observed every 18 months.

The shadow is divided into two types. The shadow is the part where all the sunlight is blocked (it takes the form of a dark cone). It is surrounded by shade. This is a lighter shadow, in the form of a funnel, from which the light is only partially blocked.

When a period of total eclipse occurs, the Moon casts a shadow on the surface. Should explain to children that such a shadow is able to cover 1/3 of the earth's route in just a couple of hours. If you are lucky enough to get under direct light radiation, you will see how the solar disk takes the form of a crescent.

There is a very short moment when the Sun is completely blocked. Then you will catch the glow of the corona (the outer ball of the solar atmosphere). This period lasts up to 7 minutes 31 seconds, although most total eclipses most often end earlier.

Partial

A partial eclipse occurs when only penumbra forms above you. At such moments, a certain part of the Sun always remains visible (which part will depend on the circumstances).

Most often, penumbra falls over the polar regions. Other regions near this zone observe only a thin solar strip hidden behind the Moon. If you are in the very center of events, then you can see the part covered by the shadow. Important explain to children that the closer they are to the epicenter, the bigger the event will appear. For example, if you are out of sight, you may notice how the Sun shrinks to a crescent shape, and then gradually returns to its usual form.

Ring

An annular eclipse is a type of partial eclipse and lasts 12 minutes 30 seconds (maximum). To make it clear explanation for children, it is worth noting that this happens rarely and does not seem to be complete. It all starts with the sky darkening, reminiscent of twilight, as most of the star is still visible.

Sometimes it is still confused with the full one, because the Moon occupies the entire central solar plane. But here lies the main difference. The fact is that our satellite is not close enough at this moment, so it seems small and does not cover the entire disk. Therefore, the tip of the shadow is not marked on Earth. If you are lucky enough to be in the very center, then you will see a "ring of fire" framing the moon. Parents or teachers at school can demonstrate this phenomenon if a coin is placed on a luminous flashlight.

hybrids

They are also called annular (A-T) eclipses. A similar thing happens when the Moon reaches its limit in distance, allowing the shadow to touch our surface. In most cases, the beginning resembles an annular type because the shadow tip has not yet reached the Earth. Then it becomes full, as in the very middle the shadow falls on the earth's roundness, after which it returns again to the ring type.

Since the satellite appears to be crossing the solar line, total, annular, and hybrid eclipses are called "central" eclipses so as not to be confused with partial ones. If we take it as a percentage, we get: full - 28%, partial - 35%, ring - 32% and hybrid - 5%.

Eclipse Predictions

Certainly, for the little ones It is important to understand that eclipses will not occur with every new moon. The Moon's shadow most often passes above or below Earth level because the satellite's orbit is tilted by 5 degrees. But 2 times a year (maybe 5) the new moon becomes at the right point, allowing you to obscure the Sun. This point is called a node. Partiality or centrality will depend on the approach of the satellite to this node. But the formation of a total, annular or hybrid eclipse will be affected by the distance between the Earth and the Moon, as well as the planet and the Sun.

Parents should be reminded that these events do not happen by chance and can be calculated, so that people have the opportunity to prepare. There is a certain interval called the Saros cycle. Children they will be surprised, but the early Chaldean astronomers managed to calculate it 28 centuries ago. The word "saros" itself denoted a process of repetition and was equated to 18 years and 11⅓ days (of course, the number of days varies in a leap year). At the end of the interval, the Sun and Moon align to their previous positions. What does the third mean? This is the path of each eclipse, which with each new eclipse moves closer to the west in relation to longitude. For example, the total eclipse on March 29, 2006 passed through western and northern Africa, and then moved to southern Asia. On April 8, 2024, it will repeat, but will already cover northern Mexico, the central and eastern regions of the United States, as well as the Canadian coastal provinces.

Safe Surveillance

The closer the event is, the more actively the news tries to talk about the most important precautions regarding the observation of the eclipse. They forbid looking directly, as you can go blind. Because of this, many began to regard eclipses as something dangerous. No matter how!

Generally speaking, the Sun never loses its danger. Every second, it showers our planet with invisible infrared rays that can damage our eyesight. Children they probably checked this on themselves when they stared at the ordinary Sun for a long time. Of course, most of the time we don't, but an eclipse makes us look up.

But there are also safe methods...

Camera obscura guarantee maximum security. Binoculars or a small telescope on a tripod will also work. With it, you can find spots, and also notice that the Sun will be darker at the edges. Otherwise, you should never look directly at the Sun without protective equipment.

There is also a mirror with special holes. You can do it yourself. To do this, take paper with a small hole and cover it with a mirror (no larger than the palm of your hand). Open the window on the sunny side, and place the mirror on the window sill illuminated by the rays. You need to place it so that the reflective side reflects sunlight onto the wall inside the house. You will see the manifestation of the disk - this is a sunny face. The greater the distance from the wall, the better the visibility. Every three meters, the image appears only 3 cm. You need to experiment with the size of the hole, as a large one will add brightness to the image at the expense of loss of clarity. But a small one will make it darker, but sharp. Don't forget to close the other windows with curtains and don't turn on the lights. It is best to organize the maximum gloom in the room. Do not forget also that the mirror should be even and do not look at the reflection itself.

It is worth discarding the negatives of old camera film, as well as black and white film (it does not contain silver), sunglasses, photographic neutral density filters and polarizing filters. Of course, they do not let much sunlight through, but children must understand that they fail to protect the eyes from exposure to huge amounts of near infrared radiation, which can lead to retinal burn. And don't think that the absence of discomfort makes observation safe.

True, there is one moment when you can look at the Sun without fear - a total eclipse. At this time, the solar disk overlaps. But this lasts only a few seconds or minutes, but it becomes possible to admire the delightful radiance of the pearl-white crown. With each eclipse, it will change shades and size. Sometimes it seems soft, but it happens that several long rays seem to diverge from the star. But as soon as the sun appears, you need to quickly use protection.

Eclipses in antiquity

Explanation for children would be incomplete without mentioning historical events. The earliest records appeared 4000 years ago. The Chinese believed that this is a giant dragon trying to swallow the Sun. At the court of the emperor, there were even special astronomers who, during the event, shot arrows into the sky, played drums and made noise to scare the monster.

This is depicted in the book of ancient China Shujing (Book of Documents). It tells about two astronomers at court: Xi and Ho. They were caught drunk before the eclipse began. The emperor was so angry that he gave the order to cut off their heads. This event took place on October 22, 2134 BC.

Eclipses are also mentioned in the Bible. For example, in the book of Amos 8:9: "I will make the sun go down at noon, and I will darken the earth in the midst of a bright day." Scientists say that we are talking about an eclipse in Nineveh on June 15, 763 BC.

A solar eclipse could stop the war

Herodotus said that the Lydians and the Medes waged a 5-year war. When it was to stretch out for another year, Thales of Miletus (Greek sage) said that the moment would soon come when the day would become night. And it happened on May 17, 603 BC. The warriors thought it was a warning sign from the gods and reconciled.

For sure children may have heard the expression "scared to death." So this has a real reference to the son of Charlemagne Emperor Louis of Bavaria. May 5, 840 AD he noticed a total eclipse that stretched for as much as 5 minutes. But as soon as the Sun emerged from the shadow, Louis was so amazed that he died of horror!

Modern research

Astronomers have been studying our system for a long time, trying to figure out what an eclipse is. And although then it was very difficult to obtain information (people could not go into space), but by the 18th century a lot of useful knowledge had been collected.

To follow the total solar eclipse of October 27, 1780, Harvard professor Samuel Williams organized a trip to Panebscot Bay, Maine. It was dangerous, because at that time this territory was in the enemy zone (War of Independence). But the British appreciated the importance to science and let it pass without pretensions to political differences.

But all this turned out to be in vain. Williams made a serious miscalculation, so he placed people in Islesboro, which was right outside the event. He watched in disappointment as the crescent moon slid around the dark edge of the moon and began to gain strength.

During the period of a complete cycle, several bright red spots can be seen around the black disk of the satellite. These are solar prominences - hot hydrogen escaping to the surface of a star. The phenomenon was traced by Pierre Janssen (an astronomer from France) on August 18, 1868. Thanks to this, he discovered a new element, which later other astronomers (J. Norman Lockyer and Edward Frankland) called helium (the Greek word "helios" meant "Sun"). He was identified only in 1895.

A total eclipse is also interesting because at that moment the sunlight is blocked, so the surrounding stars are much easier to observe. It is under these conditions that astronomers manage to test the general theory of relativity, which predicted that starlight would pass beyond the Sun and go astray. To do this, we compared two images of the same stars, taken during the total eclipse of May 29, 1919, and during the day.

Modern technology can do without eclipses to track other stars. But a total eclipse will forever remain a long-awaited and amazing event that everyone should see. You have studied the description and conditions for creating a solar eclipse. Use our photos, videos, drawings and live models online to better understand the description and characteristics of the star. In addition, the site has online telescopes that observe the Sun in real time, and a 3D model of the solar system with all the planets, a map of the Sun and a view of the surface. Be sure to visit the calendar pages to find out when the next solar eclipse will be.

Moon eclipse

A lunar eclipse can only occur during a full moon. It occurs because the Moon enters the shadow cast by the Earth from the Sun. However, not every full moon is accompanied by an eclipse. An eclipse occurs when the Sun, Earth and Moon line up in a row. The Earth illuminated by the Sun casts a shadow into space that has a cone shape in length. Usually the Moon is above or below the earth's shadow and remains quite visible. But with some eclipses, it just falls into the shadow. In this case, the eclipse is visible only from that half of the earth's surface that faces the moon, that is, on which the night lasts. The opposite part of the Earth at this moment is turned towards the Sun, that is, it is daytime, and the lunar eclipse is not visible there. Often we cannot observe a lunar eclipse due to clouds.
In those cases when the Moon plunges into the earth's shadow only partially, an incomplete, or partial, eclipse occurs, and when it is entirely - a complete one. However, during a total eclipse, the Moon is rarely completely hidden, most often it only turns dark red. There are also penumbral eclipses. They occur when the Moon enters space near the cone of the Earth's shadow, which is surrounded by penumbra. Hence the name.
For centuries, ancient people observed the Moon and tried to systematize the onset of eclipses. It was not an easy task: there were years when there were three lunar eclipses, and it happened that not a single one. In the end, the mystery was solved: in 6585.3 days, 28 lunar eclipses always happen across the Earth. In the next 18 years, 11 days and 8 hours (the same number of days), all eclipses repeat according to the same schedule. So they learned to predict eclipses through "repetition", in Greek saros. Saros allows you to calculate eclipses for 300 years ahead.

Solar eclipse

Even more interesting solar eclipse. The reason for it lies in our space satellite.

The sun is a star, that is, a “self-luminous” body, unlike the planets, which only reflect its rays. Sometimes the Moon gets in the way of its rays and, like a screen, hides the daylight from us for a while. A solar eclipse can only occur at a new moon, but also not at any, but only when the Moon is (when viewed from the Earth) neither above nor below the Sun, but just in the path of its rays.
A solar eclipse is essentially the same phenomenon as the occultation of the stars by the Moon (that is, the Moon moves between the stars and blocks them from us as it passes by). The Moon, compared to the Sun, is a small celestial body. But it is very close to us, so it can cover the big Sun, which is much further away. The Moon is 400 times smaller than the Sun and 400 times closer to it, so their disks appear to be the same size in the sky.
In the event of a solar eclipse, not all observers see the phenomenon in the same way. In the place where the cone of the moon's shadow touches the Earth, the eclipse is total. For observers outside the cone of the lunar shadow, it is only partial (the scientific name is private), and some see the closure of the lower part of the solar disk, and some see the upper one.
The dimensions of the moon are such that a total solar eclipse can last no longer than 6 minutes. The farther from the Earth the Moon, the shorter the total eclipse, since the apparent size of the lunar disk is smaller. If during a solar eclipse the Moon is at the greatest distance from the Earth, then it can no longer completely cover the disk of the Sun. In this case, a narrow light ring remains around the dark disk of the Moon. Scientists call this an annular eclipse of the Sun.
The entire process of the eclipse, from the first visible "touch" of the Moon's disk to the Sun's disk to complete convergence, takes about 2.5 hours. When the Sun is completely covered by the Moon, the illumination on Earth changes, becomes akin to night light, and a silvery crown shines in the sky around the black disk of the Moon - the so-called solar corona.
Although in general on Earth solar eclipses are observed more often than lunar eclipses, in some particular area total eclipses occur extremely rarely: on average, once every 300 years. In our time, solar eclipses are calculated with great accuracy for thousands of years ago and hundreds of years ahead.

Eclipses and astrology

In individual astrology, eclipses are still considered a negative factor that tends to have a bad effect on the fate and health of a person. But the degree of this influence is largely corrected by the indicators of each individual horoscope: the most negative impact of the eclipse can have on people born on the day of the eclipse and on those people in whose horoscopes the eclipse point affects the most important indicators - it falls into places where the Moon is located, Sun or at the time of birth. In this case, the eclipse point connects with one of the main elements of the horoscope, which in reality may not be very favorable for the health and life spheres of the owner of the horoscope.
The strength of the influence of eclipses depends on which celestial house of the horoscope this conjunction occurs, which houses of the individual horoscope are ruled by the Sun or the Moon, and what aspects (harmonious or negative) other planets and elements of the birth horoscope form to the eclipse point. Birth on the day of an eclipse is a sign of fatality. But this does not mean that misfortunes will haunt a person all his life, it’s just that people born in an eclipse have a lower level of freedom, it’s more difficult for them to change something in their life, it’s kind of programmed for them. A person born in an eclipse is subject to the so-called Saros cycle, i.e. the similarity of life events can be traced with a period equal to this cycle - 18.5 years.

Cases that will nevertheless be started may be called back even after 18 years. However, if you are confident of success and your thoughts are pure before people and before God, and also if the general characteristics of the day of replacement are favorable, you can act, but remember that for all the deeds and even thoughts associated with the day of the eclipse, sooner or later you will have keep an answer. A lunar eclipse may have an echo within three months, but the full impact of eclipses ends within 18.5 years, and the more part of the star was closed, the more powerful and longer the impact.

eclipses have a strong impact on all people, even those in whose horoscope eclipses are not accentuated in any way. Naturally, the current eclipse will have a stronger effect on people born on an eclipse, as well as on people whose horoscope is affected in one way or another by the eclipse points. An eclipse is always of particular importance if the degree of the current eclipse affects a planet or other important element of the birth chart. If the eclipse coincides with an important point in the horoscope, changes and important events can be expected. Even if the events that have come may not seem significant at first, their importance will certainly manifest itself over time. even a break in relations, adverse circumstances in business, deterioration in health. If the planets or other important points of the birth horoscope turn out to be in favorable aspects with an eclipse degree, then there will be changes or important events, but they will not cause strong shocks, rather they will turn out to be beneficial to the person.

How to behave during eclipses

Moon- a luminary that is very close to us. The Sun gives energy (masculine), and the Moon absorbs (feminine). When two luminaries are at the same point during an eclipse, their energies have a strong impact on a person. There is a powerful load on the regulatory system in the body. Especially bad with health on the day of the eclipse for people with cardiovascular pathologies, hypertensive patients. People who are currently undergoing treatment will also feel bad. Even doctors say that on the day of the eclipse it is better not to engage in activity - actions will be inadequate and more likely to make mistakes. They advise to sit out this day. To avoid discomfort with health, it is recommended to take a contrast shower on this day. In 1954, the French economist Maurice Allais, observing the movements of the pendulum, noticed that during a solar eclipse, he began to move faster than usual. This phenomenon was called the Allais effect, but they could not systematize it. Today, new research by the Dutch scientist Chris Duif confirms this phenomenon, but cannot yet explain it. Astrophysicist Nikolai Kozyrev found out that eclipses affect people. He said that during eclipses, time is transformed. The consequences of an eclipse in the form of a powerful earthquake or other natural disaster are very possible during the week before or after any eclipse. In addition, instability in the economy is possible for several weeks after the eclipse. In any case, eclipses bring changes in society. During a lunar eclipse the mind, thinking and emotional sphere of people are highly vulnerable. The number of mental disorders in people is increasing. This is due to the disruption of the hypothalamus at the psychophysiological level, which corresponds to the Moon according to the discovery of Tony Neider (Nader Raja Rama). The hormonal cycles of the body can be disrupted, especially in women. During a solar eclipse, the work of the physiological correspondence of the Sun - the thalamus is more disturbed, and the risk of cardiovascular diseases will also increase, since the Sun controls the heart. The perception of "I", pure consciousness - clouded. The consequence of this may be increased tension, radical and aggressive tendencies in the world, as well as the unsatisfied ego of politicians or heads of state.