The highest degree of distinction is the title "Hero of the Russian Federation". Title "Hero of Russia"
The highest degree of distinction in the USSR - title "Hero of the Soviet Union" was established by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of April 16, 1934. The Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of July 29, 1936 approved the Regulations on the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 1, 1939 established the Gold Star medal.
By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 14, 1973, the Regulations on the title of Hero of the Soviet Union in a new edition were approved.
The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was the highest degree of distinction and was awarded by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR for personal or collective services to the state associated with the accomplishment of a heroic deed.
The Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded: the highest award of the USSR - the Order of Lenin; badge of special distinction - the medal "Gold Star"; Diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
A Hero of the Soviet Union who accomplished a heroic feat for the second time, no less than the one for which others who performed a similar feat are awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, was awarded the Order of Lenin and the second Gold Star medal, and a bronze bust of the Hero with a corresponding inscription was erected to commemorate his exploits. , installed in his homeland, which was recorded in the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the award.
The Hero of the Soviet Union, who was awarded two Gold Star medals, could be again awarded the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal for new heroic deeds similar to those previously accomplished.
In the event that the Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, then, in commemoration of his heroic and labor deeds, a bronze bust of the Hero was erected with a corresponding inscription, installed in his homeland, which was recorded in the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on conferring the title of Hero of Socialist Labor .
Heroes of the Soviet Union enjoy the benefits established by law ... "
TITLE "HERO OF RUSSIA"
LAW OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION On the establishment of the title of Hero of the Russian Federation and the establishment of a sign of special distinction - the Gold Star medal
The Supreme Council of the Russian Federation decides:
1. Establish the title of Hero of the Russian Federation for conferment for services to the state and people associated with the accomplishment of a heroic deed.
2. For the purpose of special distinction of citizens awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation, establish a sign of special distinction - the Gold Star medal.
3. Approve the Regulations on the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.
4. Approve the description of the medal "Gold Star".
President of the Russian Federation B. YELTSIN
POSITION
about the title of Hero of the Russian Federation
1. The title of Hero of the Russian Federation is awarded for services to the state and the people associated with the accomplishment of a heroic deed.
2. The title of Hero of the Russian Federation is awarded by the President of the Russian Federation.
3. The Hero of the Russian Federation is awarded: a sign of special distinction - the Gold Star medal; certificate of awarding the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.
4. Heroes of the Russian Federation enjoy the benefits established by law.
5. The Gold Star medal is worn on the left side of the chest above orders and medals.
The title of Hero of the Russian Federation is awarded for services to the state and the people associated with the accomplishment of a heroic deed.
LAW OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
On the establishment of the title of Hero of the Russian Federation and the establishment of a sign of special distinction - the Gold Star medal
The Supreme Council of the Russian Federation decides:
1. Establish the title of Hero of the Russian Federation for conferment for services to the state and people associated with the accomplishment of a heroic deed.
2. For the purpose of special distinction of citizens awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation, establish a sign of special distinction - the Gold Star medal.
3. Approve the Regulations on the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.
4. Approve the description of the medal "Gold Star".
President of Russian Federation
B. Yeltsin
REGULATIONS On the title of Hero of the Russian Federation
1. The title of Hero of the Russian Federation is awarded for services to the state and the people associated with the accomplishment of a heroic deed.
2. The title of Hero of the Russian Federation is awarded by the President of the Russian Federation.
3. The Hero of the Russian Federation is awarded:
badge of special distinction - the medal "Gold Star";
certificate of awarding the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.
4. Heroes of the Russian Federation enjoy the benefits established by law.
5. The Gold Star medal is worn on the left side of the chest above orders and medals.
DESCRIPTION of the medal "Gold Star"
The Gold Star medal is a five-pointed star with smooth dihedral rays on the front side. Beam length - 15 mm.
The reverse side of the medal has a smooth surface and is limited along the contour by a protruding thin rim.
On the reverse side in the center of the medal there is an inscription in raised letters: "Hero of Russia". letter size 4x2 mm. In the upper beam - the number of the medal, 1 mm high.
The medal is connected by means of an eyelet and a ring to a gilded metal block, which is a rectangular plate 15 mm high and 19.5 mm wide, with frames in the upper and lower parts.
There are slits along the base of the block, its inner part is covered with a moire tricolor ribbon in accordance with the colors of the State Flag of the Russian Federation.
The box has a threaded pin with a nut on the reverse side for attaching the medal to clothing. The medal is gold, weighing 21.5 grams.
The title of Hero of the Soviet Union as the highest degree of distinction in our country for services to the state associated with the accomplishment of a heroic deed was established by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of April 16, 1934. And the Gold Star medal as a sign of this title was established only on August 1, 1939.
Subsequently, on May 14, 1973, a new regulation on this state award was approved:
The title of Hero of the Soviet Union is the highest degree of distinction and is awarded for personal or collective services to the Soviet state and society associated with the accomplishment of a heroic deed.
The title of Hero of the Soviet Union is awarded by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
The Hero of the Soviet Union is awarded:
The highest award of the USSR - the Order of Lenin;
Sign of special distinction - the medal "Gold Star";
Diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
A Hero of the Soviet Union who has accomplished a heroic feat for the second time, no less than the one for which others who have accomplished a similar feat are awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, is awarded the Order of Lenin and the second Gold Star medal, and in commemoration of his exploits a bronze bust of the Hero with a corresponding inscription is erected. in his homeland, which is recorded in the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the award. (...)".
On April 20, 1934, pilots were the first to be awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union - the famous participants in the rescue from an ice floe in the Chukchi Sea of members of the Arctic expedition and the crew of the Chelyuskin steamer, crushed by ice and sunk on February 13 thirty-fourth. Along with Anatoly Lyapidevsky, Vasily Molokov, Nikolai Kamanin, Mauritius Slepnev, Mikhail Vodopyanov and Ivan Doronin, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was also awarded to Sigismund Levanevsky, who, due to a plane crash, did not manage to remove a single Chelyuskin citizen from their temporary shelter, an ice floe.
Later, the medal "Gold Star" No. 1 was awarded to the Hero of the Soviet Union Anatoly Vasilievich Lyapidevsky, six of his courageous, selfless colleagues became the owners, respectively, of signs No. 2-7. And for the record-breaking flight in terms of range and duration along a closed route - over a distance of over 12 thousand kilometers - on September 28, 1934, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to test pilot Mikhail Gromov, who received the Gold Star medal No. 8.
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| Sergey Postevoy |
Of the women, the first Heroes of the Soviet Union were pilots Valentina Grizodubova, Polina Osipenko and Marina Raskova, who in 1938 made a direct flight from Moscow to the Far East.
The largest number of awards with the Gold Star medal was made during the Great Patriotic War. For the heroic deeds committed in that terrible time, 11,657 people were awarded the high title, 3,051 of them posthumously. Among the Heroes of the Soviet Union, participants in the Great Patriotic War, there are 90 women, of which more than half of the brave patriots (49) were awarded the Gold Star medal posthumously.
Four times the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to the outstanding commander Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov (August 29, 1939, July 29, 1944, June 1, 1945 and December 1, 1956), three times - Marshal of the Soviet Union Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonny (1958, 1963 and 1968 years), pilots Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub (February 4 and August 19, 1944 and August 18, 1945) and Alexander Ivanovich Pokryshkin (May 24 and August 24, 1943 and August 19, 1944).
For military distinctions on the territory of Afghanistan, 85 people became Heroes of the Soviet Union, of which almost a third (28 awarded) were awarded the high rank posthumously.
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| The first eight heroes |
Employees awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union worked in the internal affairs bodies of Moscow: October 16, 1943 - Dmitry Vasilyevich Shurpenko (1915-1943), who went missing on October 5 forty-third in the interfluve of the Dnieper and Pripyat during fierce battles; January 15, 1944 - posthumously Ivan Vasilyevich Kirik (1911-1943); September 13, 1944 - Sergei Ignatievich Postevoy (1921-2000); February 21, 1945 - Pyotr Efimovich Aldunenkov (1921-1995); March 24, 1945 - Stepan Kharitonovich Zaitsev (1918-1992); April 19, 1945 - Ivan Petrovich Chilikin (1914-1985); December 19, 1973 - Alexander Ivanovich Popryadukhin (1938-2013).
Prepared by Alexander TARASOV
summary of other presentations"Cities-heroes of the Great Patriotic War" - Leningrad. We mourn. Beautiful Kyiv is ours on centuries-old steeps. A monument commemorating the feat of Soviet tankers. Obelisk to the Hero City Minsk. Moscow. Brest fortress-hero. Hero cities. Brest. Hitler's command. Calendar sheet. Mamaev kurgan. Monument of Victory. Murmansk. Thirst. Kerch. Tula. Odessa. The monument is dedicated to the defenders of Leningrad. Mother's grief. Hitler's armies. Hill gates.
"Cities of Military Glory" - The heroic defense of Malaya Zemlya lasted 225 days. Hero City since May 8, 1965. Hero City Sevastopol. The battle for Stalingrad lasted from July 17, 1942 to February 2, 1943. Brest fortress-hero. The city is the hero of Leningrad. In the spring of 1942, 25 of the 42 occupied regions were liberated. The city is the hero of Moscow. City - the hero of Smolensk. The city is the hero of Tula. Cities of military glory. Hero cities. The blockade of Leningrad was broken on January 18, 1943.
"Cities-heroes of the Soviet Union" - Minsk. Monument. Cities-heroes of the Great Patriotic War. Hero cities. Kyiv. Sevastopol. Moscow. Brest Fortress. Kerch. Odessa. Defense of the Brest Fortress. Tula. Tank T-34. Hero City. Murmansk. Smolensk. Volgograd. Novorossiysk. Leningrad.
"Hero City Sevastopol" - City of Russian glory. Immortal feat. The Great Patriotic War. Port city. On June 21, 1942, the Nazis broke through to the North Bay. Enemy aviation made over 3,000 sorties. By the evening of May 9, Sevastopol was completely liberated. Medal. Three attacks on the city. A state of siege. The Nazis rampaged in it for 22 months. Akhtiar. The defenders of the city were constantly supported by the ships of the fleet.
"Cities-heroes of the Great Patriotic War" - Cities - heroes of Russia. Sevastopol. The order of Lenin. Leningrad. Tula. The title of the city-hero. Oath And the one that today says goodbye to the dear - Let your pain be in force. Degree of difference. Novorossisk. Brest Fortress. Kerch.
"Tula to war" - Tula is a hero city. labor front. Chairman of the Defense Committee. Victory Square. Memorial obelisk. Commissar of the Tula workers' regiment. Mound of immortality. Grigory Volnyansky. Tula during the war. Square of memory. Commander of the Tula working regiment. Monument to the departed. Germans near Tula. Heroes of the defense of Tula. Monuments to the defenders of Tula.
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