Law on the Russian language and its analysis. Information and analytical materials of the State Duma

Project 63221-3

THE FEDERAL LAW
About the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation

This Federal Law is aimed at ensuring the functioning of the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation, as well as ensuring the right of citizens of the Russian Federation to use Russian as the state language of the Russian Federation.

Article 1. Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation

1. The Russian language has the status of the state language throughout the territory of the Russian Federation.
2. The status of the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation provides for the obligatory use of the Russian language in the areas determined by this Federal Law, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, its protection and support, as well as ensuring the rights of citizens for the use of the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation.

Article 2. Legislation of the Russian Federation on the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation

The legislation of the Russian Federation on the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation is based on the Constitution of the Russian Federation and consists of this Federal Law. Law of the RSFSR "On the languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation", other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Article 3. Norms of the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation

1. Norms of the Russian language are established in the dictionaries of the Russian language. The procedure for approving Russian language dictionaries as obligatory reference aids when using the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation, as well as the procedure for the official publication of these dictionaries, is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.
2. When using the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation, it is not allowed to use offensive words in relation to race, nationality, profession, social category, age group, gender, language, religious, political and other beliefs of citizens, the use of obscene words and expressions, as well as foreign words and phrases in the presence of corresponding analogues in the Russian language.

Article 4

1. The Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation is subject to mandatory use:
in the activities of state authorities of the Russian Federation, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, other state bodies, local self-government bodies, state and municipal organizations, including the conduct of office work in them, as well as in the names of these bodies and organizations;
in the preparation and conduct of elections and referendums in the Russian Federation;
in constitutional, civil, criminal, administrative and arbitration proceedings and office work, with the exception of the arbitration resolution of disputes arising in the field of international trade, in legal proceedings and office work before justices of the peace and in other courts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;
in the official publication of the texts of laws and other regulatory legal acts adopted in the Russian Federation, as well as international treaties of the Russian Federation;
in the relationship between public authorities and public authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as in the relationship between public authorities and local governments;
in the relations of the Russian Federation with foreign and international organizations operating on the territory of the Russian Federation;
in the implementation by the subjects of the Russian Federation of international and foreign economic relations;
in relations between state authorities, other state bodies, local self-government bodies, state and municipal organizations with citizens of the Russian Federation, foreign citizens and stateless persons, as well as with organizations and public associations;
in industry, transport, energy and communications;
in the names of geographical objects, in the design of road signs;
when issuing forms of documents proving the identity of a citizen of the Russian Federation, with the exception of cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, forms of certificates of state registration of acts of civil status, documents on education issued by educational institutions with state accreditation, other documents, the execution of which in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation Federation is carried out in the state language of the Russian Federation; when registering the addresses of senders and recipients of telegrams and postal items, as well as forms of postal orders sent within the territory of the Russian Federation;
in the activities of all-Russian, regional and municipal television and radio broadcasting organizations, editorial offices of all-Russian, regional and municipal printed periodicals, with the exception of television and radio broadcasting organizations and editorial offices of printed periodicals specially established for broadcasting or publishing printed materials in the state languages of the republics that are part of the Russian Federation, others languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation, as well as in foreign languages;
in other areas determined in accordance with federal laws.
2. The use, along with the state language of the Russian Federation, of the state languages of the republics that are part of the Russian Federation, as well as other languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation, is established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.
3. If, along with the state language of the Russian Federation, the state language of the republic, another language of the peoples of the Russian Federation is used, the text in Russian must be legible, executed in the same format as the text in the state language of the republic or another language of the peoples of the Russian Federation, and in its content, fully comply with the text in the state language of the republic or another language of the peoples of the Russian Federation, unless otherwise established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.
4. The provision of paragraph 3 of this article does not apply to officially registered names or trade names, as well as to trademarks (service marks).

Article 5. Protection and support of the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation

In order to protect and support the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation, the state authorities of the Russian Federation:
ensure the functioning of the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation throughout the Russian Federation;
develop and adopt federal laws and other regulatory legal acts, develop and implement federal targeted programs aimed at protecting, supporting and developing the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation;
take measures aimed at ensuring the right of citizens of the Russian Federation to use the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation;
take measures to improve the system of education and training of specialists in the field of the Russian language;
promote the study of the Russian language outside the Russian Federation;
exercise control over compliance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation;
take other measures to protect and support the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation.

Article 6

1. Ensuring the right of citizens of the Russian Federation to use the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation provides for:
obtaining education in Russian in state and municipal educational institutions;
obtaining information in Russian from state authorities of the Russian Federation, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, other state bodies, local governments, as well as from state and municipal organizations;
obtaining information in Russian through all-Russian, regional and municipal mass media. This provision does not apply to mass media specially established for broadcasting or publishing printed materials in the state languages of the republics that are part of the Russian Federation, other languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation, as well as in foreign languages.
2. Persons who do not speak the state language of the Russian Federation, when exercising and protecting their rights and legitimate interests on the territory of the Russian Federation, in cases provided for by federal laws, are provided with the right to use the services of an interpreter.

Article 7

The adoption of laws and other regulatory legal acts aimed at restricting the use of the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation, as well as other actions that impede the exercise of the right of citizens to use the state language of the Russian Federation, entail liability established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 8. Entry into force of this Federal Law

1. This Federal Law shall enter into force on the day of its official publication.
2. Propose to the President of the Russian Federation and instruct the Government of the Russian Federation to bring their legal acts in line with this Federal Law.

The president
Russian Federation

What is the state Russian language - two aspects of one concept

The modern Russian literary language is one of the most universal languages in the world. With its help, absolutely any thought and concept can be expressed in several ways and fixed in the mind of the listener with varying degrees of accuracy and detail. In grammars and reference books, the structure and lexical composition of the Russian language are described to the extent of completeness that corresponds to the current level of linguistic knowledge.

The Russian language has a developed conceptual and semantic structure, the presence of a comprehensive corpus of original texts in all functional varieties and social functions. This makes it possible for the Russian language to function as one of the world languages. Ideas about the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation require a special interpretation, since they can be interpreted in two equal and complementary aspects.

Firstly, the Russian language, understood as an integral sign-communicative system, in the status of the state language is legally distinguished from the languages of other indigenous peoples of Russia. Understanding the special role of the Russian language in the life of our country corresponds to the first paragraph of Article 1 of the Federal Law “On the State Language of the Russian Federation” (No. 53-FZ of June 1, 2005), which states that “ in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the state language of the Russian Federation throughout its territory is Russian". The Russian language is recognized as a language common in all regions of Russia and uniting the entire territory of our multilingual country. This is the most universal language of Russia - all the most important knowledge about the world and society is expressed and recorded in an extensive corpus of texts (original and translated).

Secondly, the state status of the language, understood as a practical, social function, highlights that part of the Russian literary language that is used by state authorities and administration as not only the language of laws and regulations, but, no less important, as the language of official communication. . Such an understanding of the state status of the Russian language corresponds to the content of Article 3 of the Federal Law on Language, which describes its functional properties. So, paragraph 1 of this article says that the state language of the Russian Federation is subject to mandatory use " in the activities of federal state authorities, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, other state bodies, local governments, organizations of all forms of ownership, including in the activities of record keeping", and paragraph 4 obliges to use the Russian language" in constitutional, civil, criminal, administrative proceedings, proceedings in arbitration courts, proceedings in federal courts, proceedings and proceedings before justices of the peace and in other courts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation" etc.

Functions of the state language

The range of theoretical issues discussed in connection with the problems of the functioning of the Russian language as a state language is usually exhausted by direct consequences from the statement that the grammatical and lexical repertoire of language tools used to solve state problems and realize state interests should be understandable to any competent native speaker of the Russian language. and, therefore, must comply with the norms of the general literary language. Such an interpretation of the state status does not require a special description of the norms, procedures and rules for using the language in this capacity, because. the normative and stylistic characteristics of linguistic means are elaborated in detail in dictionaries and grammars of the Russian language. However, the idea of the mandatory normative nature of the use of linguistic means used in the socio-political, national-cultural, official business, legal spheres of speech activity cannot be limited only to the general requirements for observing orthoepic, spelling, punctuation or stylistic norms of the language. Distinctive properties of linguistic means functioning in thematically, compositionally and stylistically stable types of text, united by the official business style of speech, are the features of the communicative tasks implemented with their help, and the specificity of the pragmatic orientation of rhetorical constructions.

To describe the functions of the state language in this sense means to give a functional description of the language means of the state language. This means the need to describe the rules and norms of the linguistic interpretation of the text as a structural and conceptual whole, connecting the authorities and the people, society and a separate social group, enterprise owners and employees, officials and civil society through communicative and pragmatic relations. Without a detailed description of the functions of linguistic means used in the state language, legally significant situations of informational or documentary disputes will continue to arise, when normative, regular interpretations of the text turn out to be officially indistinguishable from arbitrary interpretations that generate random semantic results.

Genre features of speech activity in the areas of use
state language of the Russian Federation

The functional properties of the state Russian language are fully manifested in texts designed in an official business style. This style of the literary language is formed in those areas of speech activity in which it is preferable to use a predetermined set of language tools, standard ways of deploying thoughts about a certain range of topics of discussion. In the official business style, a single speech etiquette is maintained and the obligatory adherence to such rhetorical patterns of speech construction that are best able to provide semantic clarity, intelligibility, and neutrality of the act of communication. For this reason, colloquially reduced, dialectal words and expressions are excluded from official texts, metaphorical meanings are not used.

The official business style is traditionally implemented in the texts of diplomatic, legal documents, instructions, orders and other official papers from the modern document flow. This style is gradually spreading to the sphere of business communication itself - trainings, negotiations, presentations, etc. The rapid growth in the volume of speech activity in this genre leads to the need to develop modern norms and rules that contribute to the development and improvement of this style of literary language.

The content of official business style documents is subject to such requirements that are designed to eliminate all kinds of ambiguities and discrepancies. Speech, built according to the patterns and rules of the official business style, is the result of a consistent assembly of the meanings of words and phrases into statements that are devoid of individuality, but have a predictable, uniformly extractable meaning. As a result, the distinguishing features of the texts of this genre are clarity, accuracy, specificity, clarity of wording, as well as laconic presentation and special forms of material arrangement. Sometimes the virtues of style turn into its disadvantages. For example, the rule that allows the sequential subordination of the same type of forms in the attributive meaning of the genitive case has no formal restrictions, therefore, it allows you to create constructions like: " Department for work with citizens' appeals and organizing the reception of the population of the Department of Administration of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation". And the rules that allow the construction of abbreviations from the names of enterprises allow the formation of names like: company "Volgovyatelektromashsnabsbyt". Given the rules that apply in other language styles, such names seem impossible. However, for a business style, this name, although it can be assessed as somewhat long, is quite understandable and has an important advantage - it is unique, and therefore easily recognizable. Moreover, it is quite convenient to use it in writing, because. it changes in a standard way for cases and numbers (cf.: demand from Volgovyatelectromashsnabsbyt, transfer to Volgovyatelectromashsnabsbyt).

Tasks of examination of texts in the state language

Texts generated in the socio-political, legal, socio-economic spheres of human activity usually operate with information presented in the form of facts, therefore official business texts should be devoid of signs of an individual author's style and be understood unambiguously. To do this, they must be created according to a certain scheme, using words that have clear connections with the concepts that motivate them. All this inevitably gives rise to the need to develop practical language rules that ensure not only the unification of the data structure, but also allow you to significantly save time both when preparing texts and when reading them. The public need for rules intended for official business texts is realized through the development of special state standards.

The first such obligatory set of rules, adopted to eliminate inconsistency and inconsistency in the spelling of words, when they were transferred and the rules for highlighting syntactic units, were the "Rules of Russian Spelling and Punctuation", officially approved only in 1956. Since then, several standards have been adopted in the country that apply to official business texts (on information, librarianship and publishing). Today in the Russian Federation, many written, printed works and publications (laws and by-laws, administrative documents, educational, reference literature, abstracts, theses, essays, etc.) are prepared and executed according to certain established rules. Standards have been adopted or are being developed for the preparation of documents in the field of office work in various areas of professional activity (for example, GOST 7.32-2001, which determines the structure and rules for the preparation of reports on research work), many departments independently develop internal standards for conditional abbreviations, abbreviations, numerical designations of quantitative indicators, accounting documentation, etc.

At the same time, many official documents that are similar structurally and thematically are prepared without relying on exemplary texts, without taking into account the opinions of language experts. The time has come to move from formal unification to the development of language standards that would take into account the specifics of word order, the features of rhetorical constructions related to the communicative tasks of the text and its target orientation. However, this work cannot be carried out without the participation of specialists in the field of official business Russian. As studies show, the applied patterns and rules for the linear construction of speech, intended, it would seem, to ensure the most reliable communication, sometimes contradict each other. Convincing examples of this can be found even in the texts of federal laws. Usually, if there is a need for their additional interpretation, it is customary to rely on the results of grammatical and syntactic analysis of the text. The importance of the language formulation of the norm for its understanding and application has been repeatedly confirmed by practice. Verbal inaccuracy, the absence of a comma, the wrong case, the wrong kind of verb can significantly distort the meaning of a normative act, lead to the fact that the act will be understood and applied in a completely different way than the law-making body intended.

Of course, if the rules of spelling or punctuation are violated in the text, then the text must be understood as if this error did not exist. However, in some cases it can be difficult to decide whether this is an error or whether the text contains the meaning that follows when read literally. In this case, a study of a broader context is required, which can be carried out only after an examination of the text.

In turn, linguistic examination of the text can be carried out only if, firstly, there are authoritative reference books containing a detailed normative description of the entire arsenal of language tools used in all areas of speech activity of the modern Russian literary language, and, secondly, based on proven methods linguistic characteristics of the text, the use of which would give reasonable and evidence-based data about its content.

Such techniques should contribute to the fulfillment of the main task of the linguist, which is to select the available textual information according to the rules of linguistic analysis and characterize it. To do this, the source text must undergo expert processing - its content must be interpreted according to clear rules, reduced and converted into analytical and reference information containing linguistic knowledge about the text and knowledge about the real world reflected in the text.

State tasks of language building in Russia

The Russian language in the function of the state language needs to be purposefully strengthened and developed. After all, they acquired state status in legislative form only with the adoption of the Law of the Russian Federation of October 25, 1991 No. 1807-I “On the Languages of the Peoples of the Russian Federation”. It was then that the official recognition of the Russian language as the state language took place. Later, the legislative norms approving the state status of the Russian language in the Russian Federation were enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993 and in the Federal Law “On the State Language of the Russian Federation” dated June 1, 2005 No. 53-FZ.

The adopted legislative norms make it possible to determine the procedure for the formation, development and regulation of the language means of the modern Russian literary language used in the state function. To do this, it is necessary to carry out research work to clarify the declarative norms and procedural rules for the use of that part of the language means that is used in the function of the state language, as well as to explore and describe the cognitive properties of the language apparatus, conduct a complete inventory and create a reliable description of the language tools used in this function.

A separate problem that requires special regulation is the problem of legal control, maintaining and strengthening the status of that part of the Russian literary language that is used as the state language of the Russian Federation. The Russian state, whose citizens speak one of the world's languages, should be interested in the development and improvement of those language tools that are used in speech activities that promote national humanitarian values. From this point of view, it can be argued that the state function of the Russian language is to consolidate and develop knowledge about the moral principles of public life in Russia, traditional moral values and social norms. Any state should cultivate the speech reflection of society on issues related to the freedom of the individual, with the possibilities of the moral choice of the individual, with the development of the country's socio-cultural heritage; with the encouragement of respect for the faith, language, traditions and customs of the ancestors; with a discussion of the problems of social justice, good, kindness, humanity, tolerance for a different point of view, respect for the rights of religious denominations, etc. Any language or speech restrictions in this area are fraught with stagnation of the national language, delays and lags in its development relative to other world languages.

In order to maintain national sovereignty in the field of international information exchange, the state must actively develop the practice of public speech activity in Russian. Until recently, the Russian language acted as a convenient and full-fledged channel of communication with foreign-language partners. However, now that information technology uses the Latin alphabet and English vocabulary, English is used as the working language of scientific conferences, international negotiations are often conducted on both sides without an English interpreter, and the prestige of other officially recognized world languages is declining. Accordingly, the linguistic and cultural sovereignty of countries that speak other languages is subject to significant restrictions.

The new "regional" status of the former world languages has to be interpreted as a clear sign of the reduction of their cultural and scientific significance. In order to prevent further decline in the status and role of the Russian language in the world, it is necessary to actively develop and improve national language building. To do this, it is necessary to ensure that not only texts containing world achievements of scientific thought in humanitarian, socio-political, economic research, the best works of art, etc., are presented in Russian, but also that authors and readers texts had a clear idea of the semantic-grammatical rules and norms of speech use of language means.

The state language of all subjects of the Russian Federation is Russian. The definition of statehood contributes to mutual understanding and spiritual growth of representatives of nationalities living on the territory of the Russian Federation. To protect and systematically develop the main means of communication, a clearly defined concept of the relevant regulatory act is necessary.

Federal Law "On the State Language" N 53-FZ was adopted by the State Duma on May 20 and approved by the Federal Council on May 25, 2005. The normative act in question came into force on June 1, 2005. The current law regulates the provision of the use of the Russian language throughout the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as the legal rights of citizens related to the protection and development of the state dialect.

The current text of Federal Law 53-FZ consists of seven articles:

Article 1. Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation;
Article 2. Legislation of the Russian Federation on the state language of the Russian Federation;
Article 3. Spheres of use of the state language of the Russian Federation;
Article 4. Protection and support of the state language of the Russian Federation;
Article 5. Ensuring the right of citizens of the Russian Federation to use the state language of the Russian Federation;
Article 6. Responsibility for violation of the legislation of the Russian Federation on the state language of the Russian Federation;
Article 7. Entry into force of this Federal Law.

According to paragraph 1 of Article 1 the law in question Russian is established as the state language on the basis of the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The regulation for determining modern literary and linguistic norms is established Government of the Russian Federation (article 1, paragraph 3). In the use of Russian literary and language norms, as state ones, swearing and obscene words are not allowed ( article 1, paragraph 6).

According to paragraph 7 of the article under consideration, the derogation of the right to communicate in the native dialect of citizens of the Russian Federation belonging to ethnic minorities is not permissible. Knowledge of the Russian language on the territory of Russia is mandatory, according to the law, communication between citizens can take place in any language. Any prohibition of communication in foreign dialects is considered unlawful.

Legislation on the norms of Russian speech is based on the provisions of the following regulations (Article 2):

the Constitution of the Russian Federation;
Federal Law "On the languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation" N 1807-1, adopted on October 25, 1991;
The considered law N 53-FZ;
Other normative acts regulating language issues.

According to regulations article 3 Federal Law 53-FZ, and the use of Russian literary speech is mandatory:

In the activities of all state authorities;
In the names of state bodies;
During the election campaign, the process of holding elections and referendums,
in judicial proceedings on the territory of the Russian Federation, including the Magistrate's Court;
With the official publication of documentation of international treaties of the Russian Federation;
When carrying out inscriptions on signs regulating traffic;
When drawing up state documents of the Russian Federation;
In advertising and materials provided by the media;
In literary works, provided they are performed in public.

As part of the protection of the linguistic diversity of Russian speech, state bodies take the following actions (Article 4):

Ensuring the use of Russian speech throughout the Russian Federation;
Develop a concept to improve the level of education in the field of Russian philology;
Contribute to the study of the Russian language by foreigners - both within the Russian Federation and abroad;
Contribute to the production of dictionaries and grammar books;
They control the purity and absence of obscene language in Russian speech and compliance with this law.

Citizens of the Russian Federation have the right to education, receive any information and communicate in the state (Russian) language. Foreigners and citizens of the Russian Federation who speak a different dialect have the right to use the services of an interpreter.

Like other federal laws of the Russian Federation, FZ-53 regularly undergoes the necessary changes. The last amendments to the current law were introduced on May 5, 2014.

Download 53 Federal Law on the state language of the Russian Federation

For a detailed study of the current Federal Law
“On the state language” N 53-FZ and the latest amendments made to it, you should familiarize yourself with the current provisions. You can download the current text of FZ-53 at

Recent changes in the Federal Law on the state language of the Russian Federation

The latest version of the considered Federal Law 53-FZ was made on May 5, 2014. The basis for the amendment was Federal Law N 101-FZ. AT article 3 of the current normative act, clarifications appeared regarding the choice of language dubbing or titles for public screening of films. The article in question has been updated point 9.2, stating that the use of Russian speech is mandatory for public reading of literary works, conducting concerts and staging performances.

Previously, significant amendments were made July 2, 2013. The basis for the amendments was the Federal Law “On Amending Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation and Recognizing Legislative Acts (Certain Provisions of Legislative Acts) of the Russian Federation as invalid in connection with the adoption of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” N 185-FZ.

Changes have been made articles 3 and 4 actual law. AT
according with the provisions of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" sample "N, adopted on December 20, 2012, in point 8 of part 1 of article 3 it is indicated that the Russian language is necessarily used in the preparation and printing of documentation confirming the level of education or qualifications of a citizen.

Article 4, paragraph 4 The regulation in question states that as part of the protection and promotion of the foundations of Russian traditions in a foreign community, state educational institutions train relevant personnel. Teachers of Russian as a foreign language carry out their activities both within the Russian Federation and abroad, in the relevant educational institutions.

Amendment from 185-FZ in article 4, paragraph 4 word "institutions" changed to "organizations".

THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

THE FEDERAL LAW

ON THE STATE LANGUAGE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Accepted

State Duma

Approved

Federation Council

This Federal Law is aimed at ensuring the use of the state language of the Russian Federation throughout the territory of the Russian Federation, ensuring the right of citizens of the Russian Federation to use the state language of the Russian Federation, protecting and developing linguistic culture.

Federal Law of 01.01.2001 "On approval of the federal program for the development of education" (as amended by the Federal Law of 01.01.2001). "Rossiyskaya Gazeta", N 72, 04/13/2000.

Subsection 2. Problems of education

The development of education takes place in the most difficult situation. The activities of educational institutions are destabilized by factors, among which the main ones are:

There is a growing threat of violation of the unity of the educational space in terms of teaching the Russian language as the state language. Discrepancies between federal and national-regional components of the standards of the humanities are increasing.

Section III. DIRECTIONS OF PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

AND EXPECTED RESULTS

Subsection 1. General directions of development

education systems

The main directions of development of the education system are:

implementation of the rights of citizens to study the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation and the official working language of the United Nations;

6. Higher and postgraduate professional education.

The main directions of development of higher and postgraduate professional education are:

creation of a system of state support for teaching in foreign countries the Russian language as the official working language of the United Nations, other international organizations - the language of world-class culture.

Article 1. Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation

1. In accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the state language of the Russian Federation throughout its territory is the Russian language.

Federal Law No. 8-FZ of January 1, 2001 "On the All-Russian Population Census". "Rossiyskaya Gazeta", N 17, 01/29/2002.

Article 6Information about the population and the procedure for their collection.

1. Information about the population may contain the following data on persons subject to the All-Russian Population Census:

age (date of birth);

citizenship (status of citizenship, dual citizenship, name of the state or states of which the respondent is a citizen);

nationality;

language proficiency (native language, Russian language, other language or other languages);

general education (primary general, basic general, secondary (complete) general) and vocational education (initial vocational, secondary vocational, higher professional, postgraduate professional);

marital status;

amount of children;

family relations with persons living together;

place of birth (name of the state, subject of the Russian Federation);

place of residence and (or) place of stay (name of the state, subject of the Russian Federation, municipality, urban, rural settlement);

housing conditions (type of dwelling, time of construction of the house, size of the total and living space, number of living rooms, types of improvement of the dwelling);

sources of livelihood (income from work or other occupation, pension, including disability pension, scholarship, allowance, other type of state security, other source of livelihood);

employment (the presence of a job or other occupation that is a source of livelihood, or their absence).

About persons temporarily staying on the territory of the Russian Federation, but permanently residing outside the Russian Federation, information is collected regarding the purpose of their arrival in the Russian Federation.

4. The survey of the population is carried out in Russian. In the republics that are part of the Russian Federation, the survey of the population may be carried out in the state language of the corresponding republic. In places densely populated by indigenous peoples, the survey of the population can be carried out in the language of the corresponding indigenous people. In the event that the interviewed person does not speak the language in which the survey is carried out, he is provided with the right to use the services of an interpreter.

5. The census forms are filled in by persons collecting information about the population in Russian from the words of the respondents.

Federal law of 25g. N 73-FZ "On objects of cultural heritage (monuments of history and culture) of the peoples of the Russian Federation". "Parliamentary newspaper", N 120-121, 06/29/2002.

Article 27Information inscriptions and designations on objects of cultural heritage.

1. Inscriptions and signs containing information about the cultural heritage object (hereinafter referred to as information inscriptions and signs) must be installed on cultural heritage objects included in the register. The inscriptions are made in Russian - the state language of the Russian Federation and in the state languages of the republics - subjects of the Russian Federation.

The procedure for installing information labels and symbols onobjects of cultural heritage of federal significancedetermined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

2. The procedure for installing information labels and symbols onobjects of cultural heritage of regional importanceorobjects of cultural heritage of local (municipal) significancedetermined by the law of the subject of the Russian Federation or by a municipal legal act.

3. The obligation to install information inscriptions and signs on cultural heritage objects rests with the owners of the objects.

The executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have the right to install information inscriptions and designations on objects of cultural heritage of federal significance in agreement with the federal body for the protection of cultural heritage objects.

Federal Law of 01.01.2001 N 108-Federal Law "On the All-Russian Agricultural Census". "Rossiyskaya Gazeta", N 161, 07/26/2005.

Article 10. Information about the objects of the agricultural census and the procedure for collecting this information.

5. Census forms are filled in Russian.

6. The survey of individuals and legal entities - objects of the agricultural census is carried out in Russian. In the republics that are part of the Russian Federation, the survey of individuals and legal entities - objects of the agricultural census can be carried out in the state language of the corresponding republic. In places of compact residence of indigenous peoples, the survey of individuals and legal entities - objects of the agricultural census can be carried out in the language of the corresponding indigenous people. If the person being interviewed does not speak the language in which the interview is being conducted, it can be carried out in the language that the person being interviewed speaks.

Resolution of the Constitutional Court of 01.01.2001. "Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation", November 22, 2004, No. 47, article 4691.

In the Russian Federation, the alphabets of the state language of the Russian Federation and the state languages of the republics within the Russian Federation are built on the graphic basis of the Cyrillic alphabet; other graphic bases of the alphabets of the state language of the Russian Federation and the state languages of the republics may be established by federal laws.

At the same time, the Constitution of the Russian Federation - taking into account the peculiarities of the constitutional and legal status of the republics within the Russian Federation due to factors of historical and national nature - recognizes their right to establish their own state languages and use them in state authorities, local governments, state institutions of the republics along with the state language of the Russian Federation (Article 68, part 2) and guarantees all the peoples of the Russian Federation the right to preserve their native language, create conditions for its study and development (Article 68, part 3), which in turn serves the interests of preserving and developing bilingualism in the Russian Federation (multilingualism).

The named provisions of Article 68 are in a system connection with other provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which fix the foundations of the federal structure of the Russian Federation as a sovereign state (Article 4, Part 1; Article 5, Part 3), the status of the republics within the Russian Federation (Article 66, Part 1 ), as well as regulating the status of the individual - on the possession by every citizen of the Russian Federation on its territory of all rights and freedoms and the incurring of equal duties provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation (Article 6, part 2), on the equality of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen, regardless of any or circumstances, including nationality, language and place of residence (Article 19, part 2), on guarantees of the rights of everyone to use their native language, to freely choose the language of communication, upbringing, education and creativity (Article 26, part 2), on the prohibition propaganda of linguistic superiority (Article 29, part 2).

of the Russian Federation of October 25, 1991 N 1807-1 "On the languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation" and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, its protection and support, as well as ensuring the right of citizens of the Russian Federation to use the state language of the Russian Federation.

Judicial practice and legislation - 53-FZ On the state language of the Russian Federation

law

the number of resources for scientific and information support for the implementation of the Federal Law "On the State Language of the Russian Federation";

the share of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation organizing the analysis of the results of the final essay in the final grades, as well as the development of measures to improve the quality of teaching in the Russian language together with public professional organizations, in the total number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation;