Deputy People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR. People's Commissariat of Defense of the USSR

PEOPLE'S COMMISSARY OF DEFENSE OF THE USSR - the highest military department in the 1930-1940s.

Ob-ra-zo-van on-sta-new-le-ni-em of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated 06/20/1934, by way of pre-ob-ra-zo-va-niya Na-rod-no-go ko-miss- sa-ria-ta on the military and maritime affairs of the USSR. -careful organ-ga-on with him was an uch-re-zh-den Military Council. The decisions of the Military Co-ve-ta were approved by the nar-ko-mom and put into life by his pri-ka-za-mi.

At the NPOs of the USSR, they raised-la-ga-lis for-da-chi, connected with the defense country: develop-ra-bot-ka plans-new development, builder -st-va, in-weapons of the Red Army; or-ga-ni-za-tion and builder-tel-st-in all su-ho-way, sea and air forces, the leadership of their combat-howl and political support ready; operational use of troops; development and completion of the means of military equipment and combat-howl of tech-no-ki; or-ga-ni-za-tion pro-ty-in-air-soul-noy ob-ro-na, defensive builder-tel-st-va; pro-ve-de-nie prize-calls of gra-zh-dan, training of personal-no-th-hundred-va and up-call-calls.

The composition of the NPO of the USSR includes: the Headquarters of the Red Army (since 09/22/1935, the General Staff of the Red Army); management of the Red Army (in-li-ti-che-sky, ad-mi-ni-st-ra-tiv-no-mo-bi-li-zation, intelligence, re-breathing, naval forces, air forces, auto-bro-not-tan-ko-voe, military training for-ve-de-ny, air defense, artillery, communications, te-le-me-ha-ni- ki, engineering, chemical, military-economic, sa-ni-tar-noe, ve-te-ri-nar-noe, construction-tel-no-flat-tyre-noe); chief-nickname of the military-ru-zhe-ny of the Red Army; from de la NCOs of the USSR (iso-bre-te-ny, standard-dar-tee-for-tion, according to re-mon-tee-ro-va-niyu con-so-hundred-va, from -da-tel-st-va); in-spec-to-ra (pe-ho-you, ka-va-le-ri, ar-til-le-ri, military training for-ve-de-ny, Air Force, Navy, av -that-bro-non-tank-troops, physical training and dispute). Under the NPO of the USSR, they were: Management for the beginning of the st-vuyu-sche-mu co-staff of the Red Army, fi-nan-co-department, group-pa con-tro -la, Management de la mi.

In connection with the ob-ra-zo-va-ni-em on December 30, 1937, Na-rod-no-go ko-mis-sa-ria-ta Vo-en-no-Sea-go Flot-ta The USSR from a hundred NPOs of the USSR would have been you-de-le-but the Directorate of the Navy of the Red Army. In the wake of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR on March 13, 1938, under the NPO of the USSR, the Main Military Council of the Red Army was formed, for some cart -la-ga-las from-vet-st-ven-ness for you-full-non-direc-tiv on the preparation of the defense of the country and the military construction tel-st-vu.

In July-August 1940, os-sche-st-in-le-na-ren-naya re-or-ha-ni-za-tion of the entire central app-pa-ra-ta, taking into account increase-li-che-niya with-a-hundred-wa and the number-len-no-sti of the armed forces. Management, for-no-maw-shie-sya adjacent-mi-in-pro-sa-mi, would it be about-e-di-not-us in the main departments. The number of the most important bodies of the NCOs of the USSR increased. The number of military personnel and employees in the General Staff of the Red Army increased by more than 2 times. In the first half of 1941, would you have re-re-ve-de-us to new states with an increase in personal co-hundred-va po-lytic pro-pa-gan-dy and the Main Directorate of the Air Force. The Air Defense Directorate of the country would have been pre-ob-ra-zo-va-but in the Main Directorate of Air Defense. In June 1941, for-mi-ro-va-niye of the Directorate of the Airborne Forces.

Order of the NPO of the USSR No. 0037 "On the structure of the People's Commissariat of Defense"

1. In connection with the formation of the main departments of the People's Commissariat of Defense in order to improve the leadership of troops as part of the People's Commissariat of Defense of the USSR, to have: 1) the General Staff of the Red Army, 2) the Main Directorate of Political Propaganda of the Red Army, 3) the Main Directorate of the Air Force of the Red Army , 4) Main Artillery Directorate of the Red Army, 5) Main Armored Directorate of the Red Army, 6) Main Military Engineering Directorate of the Red Army, 7) Main Quartermaster Directorate of the Red Army, 8) Combat Training Directorate of the Red Army, 9) Air Defense Directorate of the Red Army , 10) Communications Directorate of the Red Army, 11) Directorate of Military Chemical Defense of the Red Army, 12) Fuel Supply Directorate of the Red Army, 13) Directorate of Higher Military Educational Institutions of the Red Army, 14) Directorate of Military Educational Institutions of the Red Army, 15) Directorate personnel of the Red Army, 16) Sanitary Department of the Red Army, 17) Veterinary Department of the Red Army, 18) Administration under the People's Commissar of Defense, 19) Financial Department under the People's Commissar of Defense.

Inspections under the People's Commissar of Defense: 1) Red Army Infantry Inspectorate, 2) Red Army Cavalry Inspectorate, 3) Red Army Artillery Inspectorate, 4) Red Army Armored Troops Inspectorate, 5) Red Army Air Force Inspectorate, 6) Engineer Troops Inspectorate Red Army, 7) Communications Inspectorate of the Red Army.

2. Appointed: Head of the Communications Department - Major General Gapich I. I. Head of the Military Chemical Defense Department - Major General of Technical Troops Melnikov P. G. Head of the Fuel Supply Department - Major General of Tank Troops Kotov P. V. Head of Department higher military educational institutions - Lieutenant General Safronov G.P. Head of the Department of Military Educational Institutions - Lieutenant General Smirnov I.K. Administration of Affairs under the People's Commissar of Defense - Major General Dratvin M.I.

3. I order: 1) Rename: a) The Political Directorate of the Red Army into the Main Directorate of Political Propaganda of the Red Army. b) Directorate for the commanding staff of the Red Army in the Directorate of Personnel of the Red Army.

2) Include the 5th Directorate of the Red Army in the General Staff of the Red Army.

3) Disband: a) Transfer the Main Directorate of the Red Army, its functions and affairs to the General Staff of the Red Army. b) Office of the chief of infantry, with the appeal of the personnel for the staffing of the Inspectorate of Infantry. c) The Department of Inventions of the NCO of the USSR, with the transfer of its functions and personnel to the corresponding main departments. I entrust the dissolution and transfer of the affairs of the Department of Inventions of the NPO of the USSR to the main departments on my Deputy Marshal of the Soviet Union Comrade Kulik. d) the Control Group under the NPO of the USSR, transferring its affairs and correspondence to the Administration of Affairs under the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR. e) the Inspectorate of Osoaviakhim, transferring the affairs and functions of the Inspectorate of the Infantry.

4) Transfer: a) The Physical Training and Sports Inspectorate of the Red Army to the Infantry Inspectorate. b) Inspectorate of military bands of the Red Army to the Infantry Inspectorate. c) Economic Department of the Central Administration of the NPO in the Administration under the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR.

4. To the Chief of the General Staff of the Red Army, submit to me by August 5 the states, and by August 25, a draft regulation on the People's Commissariat of Defense of the USSR.

6. Orders of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR of 1939, No. 0156 and No. 0223, cancel.

1. People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR in 1941. was:

A) Tymoshenko. ✔

B) Stalin.

2. During the Great Patriotic War, the Germans called the "Black Death":

A) Soviet tankers.

B) Soviet fighter pilots.

B) Soviet marines. ✔

3. The Soviet Union became a participant in the Second World War:

A) In June 1941 ✔

b) September 1939

B) In March 1940

4. The code name of the plan for the capture of Moscow developed by the German command:

A) Barbarossa. ✔

B) typhoon.

B) Blau.

5. The highest body of state power in the USSR during the Great Patriotic War:

A) State Defense Committee. ✔

B) the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

C) Council of People's Commissars.

6. Commander-in-Chief of the Anglo-American Forces in Europe 2 World War was:

A) Field Marshal Smuts.

B) General de Tom.

B) General Eisenhower. ✔

7. Who and when placed responsibility for the defeat and retreat of the Red Army on soldiers and officers - "alarmists and cowards" and ordered the formation of penal battalions and companies, barrage detachments with machine guns?

A) I.V. Stalin in July 1942 order number 227. ✔

B) K. Zhukov in October 1941. during the battle for Moscow.

B) L.Z. Mehlis in May 1942 during the Kerch operation.

8. Dates of the counteroffensive of the Soviet Army near Stalingrad:

9. Strategic plan of the Soviet command in 1942. assumed:

A) Conducting active defensive battles with the subsequent transition to a counteroffensive in all decisive directions ✔

B) Defense along the entire front line.

B) Tactical retreat to the Volga in order to lure the enemy deep into the territory.

10. The Anglo-American landing, which opened a second front in Europe, landed:

A) In July 1943 in Bavaria (Germany).

B) June 1944 in Normandy (France). ✔

B) In February 1945. in Wales (UK).

A) I.V. Stalin. ✔

B) K.G. Zhukov.

B) K.S. Voroshilov.

12. Defense of Moscow in 1941 supervised:

A) I.V. Stalin.

B) K. Zhukov.

B) A.M. Vasilevsky.

D) all three ✔

13. The blockade of Leningrad was broken:

A) November 1942

B) January 1943 ✔

B) In January 1944

A) S.M. Budyonny.

B) K.E. Voroshilov. ✔

B) P.K. Ponomarenko.

15. In which city was Tankograd created:

A) Chelyabinsk. ✔

B) Kuibyshev.

B) Stalingrad.

16. The first artillery salute in Moscow during the war took place:

A) March 1942 in honor of the victory near Moscow.

B) In February 1943. in honor of the victory at Stalingrad.

B) In August 1943 liberation of Orel and Belgorod. ✔

Now the task is more difficult. (All questions without answer options)

In whose office did Germany announce to our ambassador that the war with the Soviet Union had begun?

(In the office of Ribbentrop, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Nazi Germany.)

Name the Soviet politician who spoke on the radio on June 22, 1941 with the words: “Our cause is just, the enemy will be defeated, victory will be ours!”

(Molotov V.M.)

What name and surname are encrypted in the name of the Soviet tank "IS"?

(Joseph Stalin.)

How is the abbreviation "KV" - the name of the Soviet heavy tank of the Great Patriotic War - deciphered?

(Klim Voroshilov, military leader, statesman of the Soviet Union.)

Name the Belarusian city, under which on July 14, 1941, our army first used Katyushas.

(Orsha.)

During the Great Patriotic War, the BM-13 installation was called "Katyusha", but what was the name of the "PPSh" machine gun (try to guess)?

("Daddy")

Before World War II, most of the mortars in European armies had a caliber of 81.4 mm. How did the Soviet designers justify the proposal to develop domestic mortars with a caliber of 82 mm?

(This mortar will be able to fire captured mines, and enemy mortars will not be able to use its shells.)

The "Tiger" that the Russians hunted with a grenade is... Who?

(German tank.)

What is the animal name of the German T-V tank, which has been used since 1943 in the 2nd World War?

("Panther".)

During the Great Patriotic War, our front-line soldiers called the self-propelled artillery mount SU-152 (later ISU-152) "St. John's wort". For what?

(For the fact that they pierced the armor of the German Tiger tanks.)

Molotov cocktails used by the Russians during WWII often had labels stuck on them. What was written on them?

(Instruction for use.)

Command "Air!" during the Great Patriotic War meant just that. What?

(Alarm, an enemy aircraft has appeared.)

The most famous letter from the fronts of the Great Patriotic War is ... What?

(“Wait for me and I will return ...”, a poem by K. Simonov.)

When did a parade take place on Red Square in Moscow, which began not at 10, but at 9 in the morning and went on for only about half an hour?

This Russian hero city bravely defended itself both in the Time of Troubles, and from the troops of Napoleon, and in 1941. Name it.

(Smolensk)

In the history of the Second World War, this "coniferous" city of the Soviet Union became the first city from which the Germans were expelled. Name it.

(Yelnya, Smolensk region.)

What battle of the Great Patriotic War was before: Kursk or Stalingrad?

(Stalingrad.)

The building of the museum-panorama of what battle was erected on the site of the historical landing of the 13th Infantry Division of General Rodimtsev?

(Stalingrad battle.)

Name the Soviet city, after which the square in Paris is named, in memory of the great victory over fascism?

(Stalingrad.)

What is the name of the sergeant called the Stalingrad house, which the Soviet soldiers defended for several months?

(Pavlov's House.)

"Fields of military glory of Russia" Military Encyclopedia calls Kulikovo, Poltava and this, where the largest oncoming tank battle in the 2nd World War took place. What is the name of this field?

(Prokhorovskoye, Belgorod region of the Russian Federation.)

Name the battle that ended on August 23, 1943 with the capture of Kharkov by the Soviet troops?

(Battle of Kursk.)

Name our famous spy, whose information for Joseph Stalin became decisive for the victory at the Kursk salient.

(Kim Philby.)

This young Russian woman was destined to become, albeit posthumously, the fourth woman - the Hero of the Soviet Union and the first in the Great Patriotic War. Say her name.

(Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya - "Tanya", partisan, intelligence officer.)

About the heroic defense of what Soviet city in 1942 did Olga Berggolts write in her poems?

(Leningrad. "February Diary", "Leningrad Poem", both 1942.)

Which Russian city during the Great Patriotic War withstood a 900-day siege by German troops?

(Leningrad, now St. Petersburg.)

Everyone knows about the kitten Vasily from Lizyukov Street, but who is this famous street of the city of Voronezh named after?

(In honor of General A.I. Lizyukov, commander of the tank army that liberated Voronezh from the Nazis. Hero of the Soviet Union, died a heroic death.)

Voronezh residents erected a monument dismantled in Vilnius. After all, this general liberated both Voronezh and the Baltic states from the Nazis. Name the commander.

(Chernyakhovsky Ivan Danilovich, army general, twice Hero of the Soviet Union. Now there is a square named after Chernyakhovsky in Voronezh.)

Marshal of which troops was Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub, three times Hero of the Soviet Union?

(Marshal of Aviation. During the Great Patriotic War he served in fighter aviation, was a squadron commander, deputy regiment commander. Participated in 120 air battles, in which he shot down 62 enemy aircraft.)

During the Great Patriotic War, the German column was still able to pass through the streets of Moscow. What was this column?

(Column of German prisoners of war.)

During the night attack on which German city did the Soviet troops use 140 searchlights, which blinded the enemy troops?

(To Berlin.)

Who commanded the First Belorussian Front during the capture of Berlin?

(Marshal G.K. Zhukov.)

The day of May 9 is marked by the liberation of Prague. And this most important event happened a day earlier, in the Berlin suburb of Karlshorst. Which?

(Signing of the Act of Unconditional Surrender of Germany.)

What are the capitals of the three states located on the Danube and liberated by the Soviet Army from the fascist invaders?

(Budapest - Hungary, Bucharest - Romania, Vienna - Austria.)

In which country and in which city is the famous Alyosha monument erected in honor of Russian soldiers who died during the liberation of the country from the Nazis?

(In Bulgaria, in Plovdiv.)

(Victory parade.)

The culmination of the Victory Parade on June 24, 1945 was the march of 200 standard bearers, throwing Nazi banners onto a special platform at the foot of the Mausoleum. What element of the uniform of the standard-bearers after the parade was burned along with this platform?

(Gloves.)

How many military parades took place on Red Square in Moscow during the Great Patriotic War?

How many salutes were fired in Moscow during the Great Patriotic War?

(354 salutes in honor of the victories of the Armed Forces.)

In July 1945, at this conference, the Soviet Union confirmed its consent to enter the war with Japan. The last stage of the Second World War began. What was this conference?

(Potsdam conference, near Berlin.)

In what city of Germany was the trial of the main fascist criminals?

(Nuremberg. Nuremberg Trials at the International Military Tribunal.)

The highest peak of the Tien Shan was named in 1946 in honor of the end of the Great Patriotic War. How?

(Peak Pobeda, 7439 m.)

What is the sum of the serial numbers of the months of the beginning and end of the Great Patriotic War.

(11, because it was June and May.)

(Since 1965.)

On the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the Victory, a monument depicting four soldiers was erected on Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow. What does each of them symbolize?

(Allied army. These are the figures of the Soviet, French, American and British soldiers.)

What order was the first Soviet award established during the Great Patriotic War?

(Order of the Patriotic War.)

The Order of the Patriotic War was awarded to military personnel, partisans and counterintelligence officers for valor in battle, destruction of enemy equipment, and successful attacks. And the pilots received the order automatically: they only had to do exactly that twice. What?

(Shoot down an enemy plane.)

Who became the first holder of the Order of Suvorov, 1st class, established in 1942?

(Marshal G.K. Zhukov.)

What was the name of the highest military commander's order during the Great Patriotic War?

(Order of Victory.)

What Soviet military leader, besides Stalin and Zhukov, was twice a holder of the Order of Victory?

(Marshal of the Soviet Union Vasilevsky A.M.)

What medal, besides the Ushakov medal, was established in 1944 to reward members of the Navy?

(Medal of Nakhimov.)

What award during the Great Patriotic War is called the highest "soldier's" order?

(Order of Glory.)

Twice Heroes of Russia (and earlier of the Soviet Union) are supposed to erect monuments in their lifetime in their homeland. And what is supposed to be installed once by the Heroes of Russia?

(They are supposed to put up memorial plaques.)

During the Great Patriotic War, for valor and courage, units, ships, formations and associations of the Soviet Armed Forces were awarded just such titles. Which?

(Ranks of the guards.)

What are the three Russian cities on the famous Kursk Bulge by the Decree of the President V.V. Putin received the newly introduced honorary title "City of Military Glory" on the eve of the celebration of the 62nd anniversary of the Great Victory (May 2007)?

(Orel, Belgorod, Kursk.)

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ORDER OF THE PEOPLE'S COMMISSAR OF DEFENSE OF THE USSR ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONSIBILITIES BETWEEN THE DEPUTY PEOPLE'S COMMISSIONER OF DEFENSE OF THE USSR No. 0113

In accordance with the decision of the Government of March 8, 1941, I establish the following distribution of duties between my deputies:

1. To the First Deputy Marshal of the Soviet Union Comrade S.M. Budyonny in addition to the duties of the first deputy, I entrust the management of the quartermaster supply, non-defensive construction, planning and distribution of NPO material funds, housing and operational issues, and the sanitary and veterinary condition of the Red Army troops.

In direct subordination of the first deputy to have:

a) Main Quartermaster Directorate of the Red Army;
b) Sanitary Directorate of the Red Army;
c) Veterinary Directorate of the Red Army;
d) Department of material funds.

2. On the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense, Chief of the General Staff of the Red Army, Army General Comrade Zhukov G.K. In addition to directing the activities of the Directorate of the General Staff of the Red Army, I entrust the management of fuel supply, organization of communications, the country's air defense and the Academy of the General Staff.

In direct subordination to the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense and the Chief of the General Staff of the Red Army, have:

a) the General Staff of the Red Army;
b) Management supply of fuel to the Red Army;
c) Communications Department of the Red Army;
d) Main Directorate of Air Defense of the Red Army;
e) General Staff Academy.

3. To the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense and the Head of the Main Directorate of Political Propaganda of the Red Army, Army Commissar of the 1st rank Comrade Zaporozhets A.I. in addition to managing the activities of the Main Directorate of Political Propaganda, I entrust the management of:

a) the Office of the State Military Publishing House;
b) the newspapers Krasnaya Zvezda and Combat Training;
c) the Central House of the Red Army;
d) the Central Theater of the Red Army;
e) Military-Political Academy. Lenin;
f) Military Law Academy;
g) military-political schools of the Red Army.

4. In addition to the direct leadership of the Main Artillery Directorate of the Red Army, I entrust the leadership of the Artillery Academy and the activities of the Chemical Defense Directorate of the Red Army to the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense for Artillery Marshal of the Soviet Union Comrade Kulik G.I.

Directly subordinated to the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense Comrade Kulik to have the Department of Chemical Defense of the Red Army.

5. To the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense for the Air Force, Lieutenant General of Aviation Comrade Rychagov P.V. I am entrusting the leadership of the Red Army Air Force and the implementation of direct communication with the aviation industry on aviation weapons and ammunition of the Air Force.

The Deputy People's Commissar of Defense for the Air Force, Lieutenant-General of Aviation Comrade Rychagov, is the head of the Main Directorate of the Air Force of the Red Army.

6. On the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense for Combat Training, Army General Comrade Meretskov K.A. I entrust the leadership of the combat training of the ground forces, all land higher military educational institutions, except for the Artillery Academy, the Military-Political Academy, the Military Law Academy and the Academy of the General Staff, and the land military educational institutions, except for military-political schools.

In the direct subordination of the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense, General of the Army Comrade Meretskov, to have:

a) the Combat Training Department of the Red Army;
b) Directorate of Military Educational Institutions of the Red Army;
c) inspections of all types of troops and, in addition, manage the activities of the combat training departments of all main directorates, except for the Main Directorate of the Air Force.

7. To the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense Marshal of the Soviet Union Comrade Shaposhnikov B.M. I am entrusting the leadership of the construction of fortified areas and the activities of the Main Military Engineering Directorate.

In the direct subordination of the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense Marshal of the Soviet Union Comrade Shaposhnikov to have:

a) Management of the construction of fortified areas,
b) The Main Military Engineering Directorate of the Red Army.

8. I leave the Main Armored Directorate of the Red Army, the 3rd Directorate, the Personnel Directorate of the Red Army, the Financial Directorate under the NPO, and the NPO Affairs Directorate in my direct subordination.

9. I grant the right to the First Deputy People's Commissar of Defense, Marshal of the Soviet Union Comrade S.M. Budyonny. and Deputy People's Commissar of Defense, Chief of the General Staff of the Red Army, Army General Comrade Zhukov G.K. to enter the Government to resolve issues of the People's Commissariat of Defense of the USSR.

People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR
Marshal of the Soviet Union S. TIMOSHENKO