Confession on the perpetuation of the memory of the fallen defenders of the fatherland.

Every year more and more monuments, crosses, mourning ribbons, wreaths and flowers appear near highways. Is it right to perpetuate the memory of a loved one at the place of his death? Are such actions regulated by law? The correspondent of "R" was looking for answers to these and other questions.

Roads become like cemeteries

General Director of RUE "Vitebskavtodor" Adam Konoplich is categorically against such arbitrariness near the roads, but says:

The topic is very sensitive. Any actions to eliminate illegal structures can be regarded by the relatives of the victims as blasphemy. Therefore, we avoid conflicts, we try to act extremely delicately. And if monuments and fences interfere with the maintenance of the route, we are looking for relatives with the help of the traffic police and local authorities. We are trying to convince them of the need to dismantle or relocate structures. We explain: there are specially designated burial places. Both monuments and wreaths are appropriate where the ashes of a person rest. And what will happen to our roads if everyone is allowed to do whatever they want? Everything must be in order. By the way, I recently met with Russian colleagues - they resolve these issues more categorically, it's time to consolidate forces.

In order to assess the scale of the problem, together with the leading process engineer of the road maintenance department of RUE "Vitebskavtodor" Yevgeny Rozhkov, we leave the city for one of the busiest highways. Twenty kilometers in the direction of Orsha along the so-called Staroorsha road and the same amount back along the parallel new autobahn linking the border of the Russian Federation - Vitebsk - Gomel. In total, more than a dozen reminders of old and recent tragedies were counted on this stretch of the journey.

Distracting drivers, colorful artificial flowers hang from trees along the roadway. At the level of human growth. You involuntarily cling to your gaze, become alert and try to hit the brakes: what if these are children on the side of the road in bright jackets playing? Evgeny Rozhkov points to the left:

This is where the young guys died - drunk at the wheel crashed. Parents hang flowers all the time. But where the cross is, the woman died under the wheels. Here, they say, a cyclist was hit...

The impression is that we are traveling through the cemetery. The mood is appropriate. The Russians Sergei and Vladimir Prostakov, who stopped by us for a coffee break, are on their way to the Baltics. They are surprised: judging by the number of wreaths near Belarusian roads, you might think that there is the highest accident rate here. Transit guests do not support peculiar traditions of the local population. Indeed, such ritual things are a great distraction from the road, and in general they negatively affect the psychological state. Sergei says:

Last time I was driving with my five-year-old daughter, so she, looking out the window, asked each time: “Dad, did someone die near this tree too?” And you don’t know what to answer the child and how to explain why the graves are not in the cemetery?

Something like a grave we meet further. At the very road, literally two meters from the asphalt, there is a tombstone with an inscription, a fence, wreaths and even a burnt plush children's toy - a hippopotamus. I read the last name, first name, patronymic, dates of birth and death. I understand: a 14-year-old girl died here. I sincerely sympathize with the family and friends, I share their grief. Too bad for the teenager. But what's with the grave on the side of the road? What for? For whom is it easier? There is a cemetery where this girl lies. You can come there, put a candle, cry, invite a priest. And here now and then funeral wreaths are covered with soot by passing trucks, in winter snowplows fill up the fence with mud ... Do you need such a memory?

The next stop is a little further - at the high cross, which is lined with wreaths and flowers on all sides. There are used lamps. Here - something like a mourning tablet. Friends confess their love to their friend, grieve over his untimely death. You can also understand everything, sympathize, but ... Perhaps all these attributes would be more appropriate on the grave of the deceased. Just like the composition following along the road - here instead of a cross there are wreaths and flowers on high stumps of a felled birch. My companion explains:

This track is not the only one of its kind. There are enough crosses, wreaths on trees, poles and even road signs, as well as monuments with fences on all roads. We serve 3,000 kilometers, and if you count as a whole, you will find hundreds of tragic signs here. For example, along the Liozno highway, several crosses were installed at once in one place. On Gorodokskaya, someone built a memorial from a car steering wheel in memory of the deceased driver. We can regard all these objects only as foreign objects in the service area. Two meters from the bottom of the embankment are the limits of the right of way. Here, maintenance equipment should work without hindrance. One hundred meters from the axis of the road - in general, the zone controlled by us. And even if the foresters install their own advertisement here, calling for the preservation of green spaces, they take permission. This cannot be done without agreement. I would like people to understand: roadsides are not places of worship. And the placement of all ritual objects here is prohibited. Probably, local authorities, local policemen, Orthodox and Catholic priests should remind the population more often about this.

Fence - two meters from the asphalt

A tractor is working along the road, the workers of the Vitebsk DEU-31 are cleaning the bushes. I wonder: do they interfere with places where relatives tried to perpetuate the memory of their loved ones who died in an accident? Eduard Polkanov and Vitaly Bondarenko refrain from harsh criticism, but admit that sometimes it is very problematic to bypass unauthorized monuments and crosses. You have to maneuver, raise mowers and other trailed equipment:

We are instructed: remove unnecessary items. But, believe me, somehow the hand does not rise ... I don’t want to hurt those who have been caring for this place for years, for whom it is sacred.

I don't want to hurt anyone by posting this article, and I. Hope for understanding. People strive to perpetuate the memory of their relatives. But it would probably be better to do it in a more suitable place, and not on a dusty highway against the law ...

Journalists often ask search engines the question: “Why are you doing this? What draws you to the search? In such cases, of course, everyone tries to answer according to the occasion, as beautifully and with pathos as possible.

But really, what makes us do it? At a time when all normal people are solving their life problems, the search brethren are dealing with the dead, digging into the past, in what mother earth buried and inexorably oblivion! Why and why?

For some, search activity is an attempt to restore justice in relation to our ancestors and living compatriots. The search has become a matter of their life, an important and necessary matter. Such search engines perform search work meticulously and scrupulously. They stop doing this only due to forced circumstances.

For others, it's a hobby. The opportunity to escape from everyday worries, spend time with the benefit of people and find new friends.

It is also a way of romantic-adventure pastime.

For teenagers - the opportunity to test themselves in unusual conditions, because search expeditions in a certain sense are close to extreme conditions. Especially for beginners who have heard tales about the terrible danger of such expeditions. Some teenagers participate in the search once or twice and disappear, others find interest in this and “stick” to the search for a long time.

There is a category of people who see an opportunity for self-affirmation in search activity. The more active and proud get here the opportunity to become leaders and gain a certain significance in society. And in the search, as well as in other areas of activity, one achieves one's goal either by conscientiousness and diligence, or by pompous fuss and empty ranting.

One way or another, the main common goal of the search engines is to find a mortal medallion or documents that make it possible to establish the name of a fighter, and then find his relatives and inform them of the fate of the soldier.

It would seem that everything is quite simple and clear.

But no! This is not a simple matter, and this is my confession.

Many years have passed since the search engines from groups of small, spontaneous and poorly organized, without search experience, serious financial and legal support, driven solely by enthusiasm and common romantic interests, grew into a powerful movement.

For the most part, these are public organizations whose activities have a legal status, in one way or another, have financial and logistical support. Many leaders of search parties have practical experience in administrative and search tasks. But at the same time, not all search engines (especially beginners) have sufficient experience, both in the field and in search office work. Not many people clearly represent the whole range of problems and tasks that search activity includes. Often the work is carried out within the framework of the same enthusiasm, poorly qualified and at the level of amateurism. Lack of experience or thoughtless actions sometimes lead to ethically and historically unacceptable consequences. Unskilled work at burial sites leads to a chaotic exhumation of the remains, which inevitably leads to the loss of important finds and information that helps in establishing the names of the buried and, as a result, to their depersonalization.

The method of opening graves and its expediency, timely reburial of exhumed remains, observance of ethical norms and spiritual traditions, historical and archival support for search operations, effective use of historical, archival and witness materials, accounting of the work done, restoration of names and their re-registration, notification of relatives about the place of death and the burial of the deceased - these are the most important tasks, without which search work becomes ineffective, incomplete, and sometimes loses its meaning. The search engine must clearly represent the entire technological chain from the beginning of the search to its logical conclusion.

Not everyone still understands that the medallion is not a panacea in establishing the names of the dead. Significantly more effective in this direction are the results of pedantic and scrupulous compilation of accounting documents based on the results of field search work, the study of archival documents and, on their basis, a comparison and analysis of the available information.

There are already quite a few people in the search movement who have significant experience and are able to competently perform this work. And yet, far from all search formations perform the full range of necessary work, even in combat regions, where search experience often prevails over the experience of the so-called rear formations. There is a perfectly logical explanation for this. The main part of the work is done by enthusiasts, and the professional staff is small. Regular employees do not have special education, and they acquire the necessary knowledge and experience through their own trial and error. Of particular concern in this regard are many search formations in the rear regions. In particular, those associations and detachments, the leaders of which are teachers of various educational institutions. The overwhelming majority of teachers see the places of former battles, first of all, as an educational training ground, and search work - as a way of instilling patriotism in children and adolescents. Unfortunately, we have to state that many teachers pay little attention to the development of search wisdom, believing that children will learn this directly in the course of field work.

Of course, the places of former battles are exactly those places where it is not difficult for a psychologically unsettled young man to evoke a wave of feelings and emotions. The author of these lines is not a teacher and does not risk giving advice on where and how to educate a teenager. However, it is doubtful that a young man will become a patriot of his Motherland, seeing how the Motherland treats its sons. What attitude towards the remains of the defender of the Fatherland can be formed in a teenager if the teacher, being an example to follow, delves into the burial place like a pig in oranges, without bothering himself and his wards with elementary ethical standards in handling the remains? Is it really difficult to learn on your own and show your wards how to clean the soil at the excavation site in order not to miss anything, collect all the remains and add a handful of earth to them from the excavation site, how to carefully handle the remains and finds, in full and in a timely manner to draw up documents on completed work? How many leaders of search formations prepare schoolchildren for the upcoming expeditions during the year? If teenagers mainly acquire tourism skills in the conditions of search expeditions, where they get without elementary training, then it’s a real problem with the skills of search technology, possession of a search tool and the rules of exhumation work. All this, of course, affects the effectiveness of the search, the moral atmosphere in the team itself, and the attitude of others towards such a team. The conclusion is that when a search group is headed by a teacher who is poorly trained as a search engine, more harm is done to the cause than good. And that means those for whom it is done. I am aware that by such a statement I will call on my little head a storm of anger and indignation. Like, we're not like that. Fortunately, not all of them are.

What you see in the search expedition has a strong effect on the psyche of adolescents.
What kind of patriot will this boy be?

Among the actual ones, there is also the problem of duplication by the most active search engines of each other in the search for relatives and the study of the TsAMO RF funds. The search for relatives is often not coordinated, which leads to various lapses, including sometimes unacceptable ones. There are not isolated cases when the relatives of the deceased were repeatedly notified by the search engines about the discovery of the remains of a person close to them. Moreover, information about the place, circumstances of discovery and other information in such cases was almost always contradictory. For example, relatives of a deceased soldier, as a result of uncoordinated and thoughtless (if not irresponsible) actions of search engines, came from Siberia to the burial place of a loved one in Veliky Novgorod, although he died near Kursk. Moreover, his remains were not found at all, and information about him was taken from archival sources for the book of memory. Fortunately, such incidents are rare, but in our case they are unacceptable even in rare cases.

All this, in turn, is due to the fact that, despite a fairly solid experience, there are currently no strict rules in the search environment in the methodology and technology of field search work. A common system of interaction and delimitation or distribution of functions and powers has not been developed. In other words, the science of search, about which we sometimes pompously talk, has not yet been created. However, such attempts have been repeatedly made. “Methodology of search and exhumation work”, “Military archeology” was written, published and distributed, several systems for recording the results of field search work were created, each invents safety rules in his own way, maintains a system for recording the work done, computer databases of search data are created, different types of techniques and recommendations. But all this is at the level of its narrow range of tasks or not a complete understanding of them.

The most progressive search leaders have long understood that search work requires a whole complex of knowledge. Suffice it to say that in our midst there is already a candidate of historical sciences S.I. Sadovnikov. His dissertation became the basis for writing the book “Search that has become fate”, where the author, using the example of the search activities of the IAPTs “Fate”, along with historical data that is very useful for search engines, shows the methodology of research work, which is a continuation and logical conclusion of field searches, using specific examples. works. Of course, the book, along with reader interest, can serve as a good guide for novice search researchers.

However, if we talk about the science of search, then along with historical archival skills, it is very important to master field skills, which in turn require certain knowledge in the field of archeology, tourism, topography, etc.

Meanwhile, practice shows that it is important and useful to start and finish any field work in the archive, that is, search work should be carried out according to the scheme archive - places of hostilities - archive.

But we, it seems, are not yet ready to create a science of search for the following reasons - ambitions and the absence of a leader capable of re-uniting the search movement into a single organization. After all, only by bringing together the colossal experience, skills and knowledge of many competent and experienced search engines, of which there are already plenty today, we can talk about the creation of the very science of search. And speaking without pathos, only together can one develop common rules and a system of field, research and search work, search paperwork and other tasks on the way to achieving the goal. But we have a common ultimate goal - to perpetuate the memory of the fallen soldiers in the defense of the Fatherland.

At the end of the eighties of the last century, Yuli Mikhailovich Ikonnikov brilliantly coped with the task of uniting like-minded people. Blessed memory to him.

Through his efforts, hundreds of search detachments and associations were brought together, an All-Union public organization was created, which, with all the desire, the "fathers of the people" simply could not see. As a result, the problem of perpetuating the memory of the fallen defenders during the Great Patriotic War was recognized at the state level. But time passed, new tasks appeared before the search movement, which the followers of Yuliy Mikhailovich could not realize. There was a split, more precisely - the collapse. Now everyone is their own chairman, director and even president. Will there ever be a leader in the movement who can not only unite everyone anew, but also explain to the search brethren that search work is something more than a romantic pastime? It is the matter of time.

The problem of perpetuating the memory of the fallen defenders of the Fatherland requires a serious approach at the state level. During the period of turmoil and confusion in state lawmaking, the search engines managed to push through the law on perpetuating the memory of the fallen defenders of the Fatherland. “Thanks” to something, either through thoughtlessness, or with intent, all search concerns were safely pushed onto public organizations. As a result, the organization and financing of search operations is carried out according to the principle: saving a drowning person is the concern of the drowning person himself.

Without solving the problems of perpetuating the memory of the fallen defenders of the Fatherland at the state level, the fulfillment of all the designated tasks as a whole is practically impossible. To fulfill the whole range of tasks, it is necessary to train professional staff of full-time workers, with decent pay for their work and sufficient support from enthusiastic search volunteers, as well as logistics. In some regions, search formations have financial support from local budgets. However, this is not enough. It should be recognized that even the allocated funds are sometimes used inefficiently.

At present, we have the following results of perpetuating the memory of the fallen defenders of the Fatherland. Hundreds and thousands of search formations annually carry out search operations at the sites of hostilities, the number of military graves is growing, the number of those reburied is in the hundreds and thousands. Only on the territory of the Novgorod region during the years of the search expedition "Valley" were buried and reburied military personnel, the number of which is approaching the staffing of a full-blooded army! On the one hand, you can praise the search engines and be proud of such indicators. On the other hand, if we compare the number of buried people with the number of established and immortalized names, the picture becomes depressing and even unsightly. Two thousand names, established by medallions and awards against the background of seventy thousand (figures are rounded), looks very unimpressive. And the number of those immortalized is quite scanty - a couple of hundred will not be typed. This is the state of affairs in almost all of Russia at all search burial sites. Common sense and logic allow us to assert that a person cannot be considered immortalized if his burial place is not indicated, i.e. at least his first and last names are not on the grave. Consequently, the vast majority of military personnel reburied by search engines are impersonal. I foresee a reproach of bias and bias, they say, so much time has passed, it is impossible to establish and restore all the names. I agree only with the fact that everyone is impossible. But the difference in numbers between the number of reburied and restored names could and could be significantly smaller. And between the names established and immortalized, it can even be in accordance. Hence the doubts about the appropriateness of this activity as such. The question involuntarily begs - is there any point in disturbing the ashes of our ancestors in order, roughly speaking, to dig them out of one place and bury them in another? After all, it got to the point that the well-conceived and built memorial military cemetery in Myasnoy Bor was dubbed by people as a memorial dump of soldiers' bones. Many conscientious search engines have already answered this question for themselves and made a decision - they bypass the unrecorded military graves found anywhere and are only engaged in the search for unburied remains or, according to the established search terminology, “mounted”. Whether this is correct is another question.

Time, the war itself and the Soviet government brought a lot of confusion about who died where and where he was buried. As there is no doubt that all of us, who in one way or another are related to the perpetuation of our fallen defenders, make a significant contribution to this with our thoughtless, unskilled and irresponsible activities. Often, work is carried out haphazardly, places for reburial are determined on the principle of where it is more convenient, and not where common sense requires. As a result of search activities, military cemeteries are in an unsightly state, the names of the buried are impersonal. Where in the old days the names are immortalized, it is not a fact that this soldier is buried here, just as it is not a fact that a soldier buried in one cemetery does not have his name in another cemetery.

As you can see, this is not an easy task and requires considerable time, effort and money. And time is running out. Let me express my opinion on the frequently asked question: "Who needs it?". Of course, a rare official needs this, just as those who live by "bread alone" do not need it either. The memory of our ancestors is a significant piece of spiritual bread. This is necessary both for the dead and the living, and for those who will live after us, who will not be ashamed of the fact that they live in such a country.

At the end of this confession, or rather, the cry of the soul, I will repeat myself and say that search activity is not effective and even harmful if it is carried out chaotically, without painstaking accounting of field search work performed, without a thorough analysis of the results of field and historical-archival research work, accounting and re-registration of information about the dead, i.e., a well-established search office work, and a thoughtful approach to the choice of burial sites. All this should be aimed at the main goal - to restore the names of the dead and perpetuate their memory.

I think it would be appropriate here to answer a completely logical question to the author of this confession: “If the thoughts expressed here are convictions, then why are you doing search work?”

At the military cemetery in the village of Myasnoy Bor, Novgorod Region. 1988

At the beginning of my search activity, I happened to do something that I can only regret now. At that time, we were all driven exclusively, I apologize for the pathos, “noble impulses of the soul.” We did not even understand why our defenders were not buried and why there are so many of them? At that time, few people knew the word TsAMO (Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense), not to mention how to get there. There were a lot of questions, and answers - only guesses. Sometimes guesses were resolved in a hop by the dropped revelations of veterans. I had to reach everything with my own mind, by trial and error, since there was no one to prompt and teach. Over the years of research work, I tried to implement and put into practice what experience had taught me, logic and common sense suggested. In my search activities, I have always been guided by the rule - “do no harm” and do it so that later there is nothing to reproach myself with in relation to the memory of my ancestors. Over the past years, much has been achieved, but even more, alas, has not happened. Perhaps this was the impetus for writing this book.

The memory of the Great Patriotic War is an integral part of the collective memory of Russian society, which is due to the significance of this period in the history of Russia. On the one hand, this event determined the future of our state, on the other hand, it left an indelible tragic mark in the life of every family. Human losses during the war years amounted to 2,596,676 people.
Detachments of the people's militia selflessly fought the enemy. The answer to the invaders from the first days of the war was the mass resistance of the people.
The Great Patriotic War, the post-war devastation, left a heavy memory for us. The memory of the dead was kept in the hearts of their relatives and friends. Not everyone could go to bow to their loved ones at their graves, but everyone wanted to have a place in his city, village, village where he could bring flowers, warm up his soul and heart. To perpetuate this memory, monuments to fallen soldiers began to be erected throughout the country. The memory of the events of the Great Patriotic War is embodied in various forms in literature, cinema, music, fine arts, museums and thematic expositions. The names of the heroes of the Great Patriotic War are assigned to settlements, streets and squares, institutions, enterprises, organizations, educational institutions, military units. A special role in the process of perpetuation belongs to monuments and monuments, which are the main form of material embodiment of the memory of the Great Patriotic War.
Monuments of history... They are silent witnesses of history, symbols of its glorious pages.
The above circumstances determine the importance and the need to preserve the memory of the events and those who died during the Great Patriotic War. In Russia, in accordance with the law, measures are being taken to perpetuate the memory of the defenders of the Fatherland and the victims of the war. The work on the memorialization of the tragic and heroic pages of the Great Patriotic War is part of the state policy.
Work to preserve the memory of Soviet soldiers who died during the liberation of the Kursk region was consistently carried out back in the 40s of the XX century. On the territory of the region, hundreds of mass graves and single burials were preserved, the irretrievable losses of the Red Army during the battles on Kursk land amounted to 104,273 people.
After the liberation of cities and towns in the region, military cemeteries, individual burials were constantly improved, and temporary monuments were opened.
In the Kursk region, as well as throughout the country, various forms of perpetuating the memory of the fallen were used: the installation of monuments at burial places and in places where feats were performed (for example, a temporary monument to the Hero of the Soviet Union, Colonel S. N. Perekalsky, erected in February 1943 at his burial site in Kursk ), perpetuating the names of the dead in the names of settlements, streets of cities and towns (Perekalsky, Blinov streets). In the autumn of 1943, the opening of the first monuments of the Great Patriotic War in the Kursk region took place - to artillerymen and sappers in the Ponyrovsky district. In memory of the exploits of military doctors who returned to service more than 212 thousand wounded and sick soldiers of the Red Army who were treated in military hospitals, 28 memorial plaques were installed in the city by 1988 on buildings in which in 1941 and 1943. deployed military hospitals.
The first monument in the city of Kursk itself, which glorified the feat of our countryman, was erected in November 1947. It was a bust of twice Hero of the Soviet Union Andrey Borovykh in the area of ​​the May 1 park.
The eternal flame at the Memorial Complex "In Memory of the Fallen in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" was lit more than 30 years ago, on May 9, 1984. More than 260 Soviet officers and 3,200 junior commanders and privates are buried here, who died or died from wounds in Kursk hospitals in time of war. On the opening day of the Memorial, the first pioneer sentries took up the sacred watch - Post No. 1 at the Eternal Flame. The eternal flame did not go out for a single day, and the service of sentries of Post No. 1 in Kursk was not interrupted.
And the memorial complex "Kursk Bulge" on Pobedy Avenue, built for the 55th anniversary of the victory, is the hallmark of the city of Kursk.
Information about memorials, monuments and commemorative signs of military glory, busts, memorial plaques located on the territory of the city of Kursk, included in the disk section "Perpetuating the memory of the Great Patriotic War and its heroes", is distributed depending on the location - in three districts of the city - Central district, Zheleznodorozhny and Seimsky.
The most complete list (186) of memorials, monuments and commemorative signs built in Kursk from 1947 to 2012, dedicated to the exploits of Soviet soldiers, fellow countrymen - Heroes of the Soviet Union, holders of three Orders of Glory, Kursk people's volunteer militias, partisans and underground workers is presented in the publication "Monuments military glory of the city of Kursk XIX - XXI centuries ", in the first part" Memorials, monuments, commemorative signs in honor of the events of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.
The relevance of the disk section "Perpetuating the memory of the Great Patriotic War and its heroes" is due to the need to improve the forms of patriotic education of citizens, especially young people. Such areas as search work related to taking into account the burial places of the defenders of the Fatherland and the victims of Nazism, establishing their names, opening new memorial signs, protecting monuments and landscaping the surrounding area - make it possible to attract wide sections of society.
“Careful attitude to the memory of ancestors is what distinguishes education from savagery,” said A. S. Pushkin. I would like to believe that our descendants will treat the memory of the great people, their native city and state with the same care.

Literature:
1. Military and labor valor [Text]: Kurians in the Great Patriotic War / [A. N. Bocharov [and others]; resp. for issue N. V. Rogov]. - Kursk: Gortip. Kursk. printing associations, 1990. - 62 p. : ill.
2. Zolotukhin, Alexey Yurievich. “The obelisks are solemnly strict ...” [Text]: (monuments of military glory of the Kursk region, dedicated to the events and heroes of the Great Patriotic War) / A. Yu. Zolotukhin, V. V. Korovin, A. N. Manzhosov; Southwest state un-t, South-West. Department of the Academy of Military Historical Sciences. - Kursk: Orange, 2013. - 113 p., L. col. ill. - Bibliography. in subline note
3. “And the monuments breathe as if alive” [Text]: (monuments of military glory erected on the Kursk land in honor of the events of the Great Patriotic War) / Southwest. Department of Acad. military ist. sciences; [ed. Kol.: A. Yu. Zolotukhin, V. V. Korovin, A. N. Manzhosov]. - Kursk: [b. and.], 2010 (PBOYuL Kiseleva O.V.). - 103 p. : ill. - (Monuments of military glory). - Bibliography. in subline note
4. From the history of the creation of a monument to military doctors who died on the Kursk Bulge and on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War [Text]: [booklet] / Kursk State. honey. un-t; [comp. and ed. A. F. Saraev]. - Kursk: KSMU, . - 15 s. : ill.
5. The streets of the city of Kursk are named after them [Text]: [booklet] / Kursk Regional Museum of Local Lore [and others]; [comp. A. S. Travin]. - Kursk: Kurskaya Pravda, 1987. - 1 sheet, folded. four times: ill., portr.
6. “The people must protect their memory...” [Text]: (monuments of military prowess and glory in the civil-patriotic education of compatriots. XIX-XX centuries) / [A. Yu. Zolotukhin, V. V. Korovin, A. N. Manzhosov]; Southwest Department of Acad. military ist. Sciences. - Kursk: South-West. Department of Acad. military ist. Sciences, 2010. - 114 p. : ill. - (Monuments of military glory). - Bibliography. in subline note
7. “Memory, only save the memory ...” [Text]: (memorial propaganda of the military exploits of fellow Kuryans in the middle of the 20th - early 21st centuries) / Southwest. Department of Acad. military ist. sciences; [ed. Kol.: A. Yu. Zolotukhin, V. V. Korovin, A. N. Manzhosov]. - Kursk: [b. and.], 2011 (PBOYuL Kiseleva O.V.). - 77 p. : ill. - (Monuments of military glory). - Bibliography. in subline note
8. Monuments of military glory of the city of Kursk XIX - XXI centuries [Text]: [book-album] / Administration of Kursk, Department of Culture of Kursk. - Kursk: Center for Historical and Cult. heritage of the city of Kursk, 2012 - .
Part 1: Memorials, monuments, commemorative signs in honor of the events of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 / [A. V. Korovin, A. N. Manzhosov, A. Yu. Zolotukhin]. - 2012. - 47 p. : ill., tsv. ill., tab., portrait. - Bibliography: p. 47. “This memory is needed by the whole earth ...” [Text]: (monuments of military glory of the Kursk region, dedicated to the events and heroes of the Great Patriotic War: historical guide / Administration of the Kursk region, Kom. for youth and tourism of the Kursk region, South-West Department of the Academy of Military Historical Sciences [author-compiler: A. Yu. Zolotukhin et al.] - Kursk: Integral Plus, 2014. - 152 p. ill., portrait - Bibliography in footnotes.

South - East Department of the Ministry of Education

and science of the Samara region

District stage of the All-Russian competition of teaching aids (methodological materials) for the best organization of work on the patriotic education of students

"Raising Patriots of Russia"

Nomination

"Methods of organizing and conducting search work, work to perpetuate the memory of the fallen defenders of the Fatherland"

“Work to perpetuate the memory of the dead fellow villagers.

Book of Memory»

Zhaksilikova Natalya Nikolaevna,

history teacher,

State budgetary

educational institution

Samara region main

comprehensive school

settlement Ilyichevsky

municipal district Alekseevsky

Samara region

2013

Content

Introduction. Explanatory note……………………………3

Main part……………………………………………………7

List of used literature…………………………22

Application……………………………………………………….24

Explanatory note

According to the Russian Committee of War Veterans, more than half a million soldiers and officers of the Great Patriotic War are still considered missing. To establish the names and fates of these soldiers, to restore social justice to the forgotten defenders of the Motherland, but in fact to show concern for the social protection of family members of military personnel is the duty of the state. This state task is solved by young people - members: search teams, local history circles and just teenagers who are not indifferent to the fate of the soldier and their small homeland.

The most important goal of modern domestic education and one of the priority tasks of society and the state is the upbringing, social and pedagogical support for the formation and development of a highly moral, responsible, creative, initiative, competent citizen of Russia.

In the nomination “Methodology for organizing and conducting search work, work to perpetuate the memory of the fallen defenders of the Fatherland”, I present the work on the topic “Methodology of work to perpetuate the memory of the dead fellow villagers. Book of Memory.

Relevance. June 22, 1941 is one of the most tragic dates in the history of our people. It was on this day that the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet people against Nazi Germany began. In the Alekseevsky district of the Kuibyshev region, active mobilization was carried out in the first days of the war - from June 23 to July 6, 1941. A total of 3557 people went to the front, more than two thousand did not return from the battlefields. In every village, town there are families that were affected by this war. People with love and respect keep letters from the front, personal belongings of those killed on the fronts and those who died after the war.

Many years have passed since the victory in the Great Patriotic

war. During this time, several generations of Russians were born and raised. They know almost nothing about the war.In the family, one can hear less and less talk about those terrible years in the history of our country.At home, in most cases, parents simply do not know what to tell. The veterans who fought at the front are over 80 years old. They are getting smaller every day. There is a threat of losing the historical memory of the great feat of our Motherland, of the people who forged the victory...

Application area : educational institutions of any type.

primary school teachers, class teachers, educators

organizers and teachers of additional education. Activity

teachers in this direction has positive opportunities:

for society as a whole - education historically

literate, active, citizens who can adequately respond to changes and are ready for a conflict-free solution of problems, attracting veteran and creative organizations to work with youth, make better use of their experience and spiritual potential in order to preserve and continue the glorious military traditions;

for the local community - unites and coordinates

multifaceted work of all state authorities, local self-government and public formations in this area;

for educational institutions - for teachers: mastering

teachers of new technologies, forms of work;

for students: the formation of a sense of patriotism and

civil liability.

Age groups : students in grades 1-9.

Implementation forms :

Meetings with veterans of the Great Patriotic War;

Honoring home front workers and labor veterans;

Conversations; class hours, quizzes;

Visiting local history, historical museums;

Visiting obelisks, monuments to fallen soldiers;

Correspondence travel, didactic games;

Recitation contests;

Competitions of drawings and posters, patriotic songs;

Reviews of the system and songs;

Viewing newsreels, documentaries and feature films dedicated to the historical pages and events of the Great Patriotic War;

Computer presentations;

Literary and musical compositions;

Thematic exhibitions dedicated to memorable events in the history of the Great Patriotic War;

Design of albums, folders, stands, expositions;

Volunteer work (providing assistance to veterans of the Great Patriotic War, participants in hostilities in hot spots, labor veterans, the disabled)

Implementation methods: persuasion, influence, encouragement,

stimulation.

Work goals :

In the field of personal development of students: fostering a sense of personal responsibility for the Fatherland to past, present and future generations.

In the sphere of public relations: development of a sense of patriotism, responsibility for another person;

In the field of public relations: the formation of motivation for active and responsible participation in public life.

Tasks:

- preserve the memory of the main events and historical pages of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945;

To instill in students a sense of deep patriotism, faith in people, a readiness to stand up for peace, to defend their homeland;

Enrich students' knowledge about the heroic past of fellow countrymen, their people, country;

Collect information about the heroic past of fellow countrymen, create a Book of Memory.

To implement the work to perpetuate the memory of fellow villagers, there is the followingmaterial and technical base :

study room;

Equipment for demonstrating multimedia presentations (projector, laptop, interactive whiteboard - primary school classroom);

Color printer, scanner (home);

School and rural libraries.

Planned results

Selected forms and methods of work to perpetuate the memory of those who died for the Fatherland,in my opinion, will help to achieve the following results:

Schoolchildren will get acquainted with the history of the feat of the Soviet soldier in the Great Patriotic War;

Formation of a respectful attitude to history, a sense of pride for their fellow villagers, for the Motherland;

Skill ask questions, ask for help, formulate their difficulties;

Recording, fixing information about fellow countrymen, including with the help of ICT;

Work on the Internet to find the necessary information.

Main part

For several years, I was the leader of the "Young Local History" circle, currently I teach history and am the class teacher of the 7th grade. In the patriotic education of students in the lessons of history and local history, I use different forms and methods of work, in which I assign a large role to the author's program "Native Land".

At class hours, we raise questions about the civil, patriotic, legal education of young people, about the problems of the country, city, family, and the younger generation. The school hosts many events dedicated to the memorable events of Russian history. For several years I have been holding the “Memory Watch”, the Day of Sorrow in the day camp, the school hosts formation and bearing reviews, patriotic song contests, etc. Every year, rallies are held at the obelisks dedicated to Victory Day with the participation of veterans of the Second World War, residents of settlements. Thematic weeks and the campaigns “They need our help”, “A bouquet for a veteran”, “My gift to a veteran”, “A veteran lives nearby” have become traditional. Every year, rallies dedicated to Victory Day are held at the obelisks with the participation of veterans of the Great Patriotic War, labor veterans, residents of settlements, and representatives of labor collectives. But of all the events held, the events related to the events of the Great Patriotic War and the conflicts in Afghanistan bear the strongest emotional coloring and educational power. Of great importance are meetings with eyewitnesses of those events. But in our villages Ilyichevsk, Leningradsky, the village of Kalashinovka, not a single participant in the hostilities in the Great Patriotic War remained alive. But there are veterans living next to us who were 10-11 years old during the war years, they can tell teenagers about everyday work during the difficult war years.

In 2009 - 10 academic years. G. at a meeting of the “Young local historian” circle, it was decided to collect information about our fellow countrymen - participants in the Great Patriotic War and capture this information in the form of their own book, the name of which is “The Book of Memory. Live and remember ... ".

In 1994, the Samara Book of Memory was published, and there, most of the list of soldiers are missing, we had to bring this entire array into our introductory lists in order to work on them. We do not have specialized publications on the missing.

In search work, everything is passed through one's own hands and souls. This is how the study and preservation bit by bit of national history takes place - this is real, effective patriotism, in contrast to pseudo-patriotic speeches from various stands. Each fate of a fallen warrior saved by the search engines complements the national history, makes the past era visible through the study of its specific facts and details.

We began our work on searching for data on fellow countrymen from studying the materials of the “Book of Memory” of the Samara Region of the Alekseevsky District, published in 1994, V.7. They chose the names of fellow countrymen who fell on the battlefields during the Great Patriotic War, compared them with the list on the obelisks to the fallen soldiers in the village of Kalashinovka, the village of Leningradsky and the village of Ilyichevsky. As a result of the comparison, it was revealed that there are names of soldiers from the village of Ilyichevsky that were not published in the “Book of Memory” - these are Bochkarev N.I., Lobin A.G., and Koval Sergey Ivanovich from the village of Leningradsky. We also found that there are warriors recorded in the Book of Memory, but not listed on the obelisk: natives of the village of Goryainovka Zarechin Mikhail Gerasimovich, Tyukalov Petr Ivanovich.

From the Book of Memory it is known that Yurin Yakov Ilyich died in 1941 and was buried in the village of Yablonevo, Tula region. On the Internet, we found information that he was reburied in a mass grave in the village of Zaoksky, Tula Region. It is suggestive that Yurin Ya.I. listed in the lists of the dead on the monuments in the village of Ilyichevsky and the village of Kalashinovka.

In the Samara Book of Memory Zhdanov Pavel Elizarovich is listed as dead in 1942, only two lines. But we received documents containing the following information: on July 13, 1942, the soldier received a through shrapnel wound. Due to the severity of the wound, he died on August 11, 1942 in the 2nd Clinical Hospital. Pavel Elizarovich was buried in Moscow at the Preobrazhensky cemetery in a mass grave, plot No. 48, grave No. 55. Now we have documentary evidence about our fellow countryman.

“Cherepkov Pavel Sergeevich, born in 1926 Private. He died in 1945" - just one line written in the Book of Memory. But on the site “Feat of the People” we found the following information: “Drawn into the army in October 1944, served on the 3rd Ukrainian Front ...

In offensive battles on April 9-10, 1945, he personally acted bravely, overcoming a two-kilometer water barrier, brought cartridges to a machine gun, and ensured uninterrupted firing at the enemy. Personally, participating in the attack of the enemy, he was the first to break into his location and destroyed the enemy’s light machine gun with grenades. In this battle Comrade. Cherepkov was killed. For personal courage and courage in battle ... Comrade. Cherepkov deserves the Order of the Patriotic WarIIdegrees posthumously"

We read the following mean entry: “Kharin Petr Romanovich, born in 1919, Private. Killed in 1943." We would never know what our countryman was like, since relatives from the village left long ago, and we don’t know where to look for them. And from the award list dated March 22, 1942, we learn about Pyotr Romanovich that he was an excellent, disciplined soldier. “Working as a tractor driver for the evacuation of military vehicles, in a short period, despite severe frosts and snowstorms, he towed 8 T-60 and T-34 tanks to the loading station, making marches from 60 to 100 km. His tractor is always ready to perform combat missions ... The medal "For Courage" is worthy of the government award.

Paramonov's grandson Pavel Nikonorovich lives in the village of Ilyichevsky, who remembers that his grandfather had awards, but for what, and by whom he served during the war, is unknown. We found award sheets in which we read: “Paramonov P.N., senior sergeant, driving battery of 76-mm cannons of the 392nd rifle regiment of the 73rd rifle Novozybkov Order of Lenin of the Red Banner Order of Suvorov Division. At the front since December 1941. He had two wounds - in 1942 and 19444. He was awarded the medal "For Military Merit" on 12/17/1943 and the Order of the Red Star on May 25, 1945.

During the Patriotic War Comrade. Paramonov accurately and accurately carried out all the combat missions of the command. During the offensive battles in the winter and spring of 1945, he was often in combat formations, carrying out assignments for the preparation of party documents and conducting combat conversations with the fighters as a grassroots agitator. In battles under heavy enemy fire, he inspired the fighters with his soldier's word and call for a heroic struggle. On March 24, 1945, east of the village of Gruinsberg, going on the offensive with the soldiers, comrade. Paramonov destroyed several German soldiers…” Relatives were glad that we found the information, now we have something to tell our great-grandchildren about the heroic ancestor.

We have updated information about some participants in the Great Patriotic War. Kurov Aleksey Nikitovich, a native of the village of Letnikovo in the village of Ilyichevsky, is known and remembered not only by the older generation, but also by young people. A veteran of the Great Patriotic War, Labor was a frequent guest at ceremonial events at the school. He spoke little about himself, about the military time. It is known that he was called to the front in 1943, had the rank of sergeant, was the commander of the rifle squad of the 26th rifle division, 312th regiment. Fought on the Second Baltic Front. Awarded with the Order of GloryIIIdegree, the medal "For Courage", etc. For us, local historians, an archival document is of great importance - the award list of Sergeant Kurov A.N. dated June 2, 1944. In it we read: “... He was a participant in the battles on March 26-27, 1944, when crossing the Velikaya River and breaking through the enemy’s defenses. At the head of his squad, he participated in repulsing the enemy counterattack on March 31, 1944. With an example of personal courage and courage, he carried the fighters to military exploits. In a grenade battle and fire from a machine gun, he destroyed 3 Nazis in this battle. Worthy of the government award of the Order of GloryIIIdegrees." There is also an order to award the medal “For Courage” dated June 22, 1944: “... the fearless junior commander proved himself in repeated offensive battles with the German invaders. Being on the defensive, he was the first to open a record of the extermination of the German occupiers. With a well-aimed shot from a rifle, he destroyed a German soldier.

The younger brother of Katyshev Nikolai Mikhailovich lives in the village of Ilyichevsky, during the war years, who was 11 years old. Grigory Mikhailovich remembers from his brother's story that he was awarded the medals "For Courage" and "For Military Merit" and no more details. Now we can say with certainty for what merits Nikolai Mikhailovich was awarded government awards. Katyshev N.M., born in 1922, corporal, reconnaissance officer of the 433rd Fighter Anti-Tank Division of the 318th Infantry Novorossiysk Division. He had two minor wounds - in September 1943 and in May 1944. “Being a scout for a year in the division, I spotted 10 firing points on the front line of the enemy. During the battles for Novorossiysk, simultaneously acting as a liaison and telephone operator, three times under heavy enemy artillery fire he eliminated gusts ... On September 18, 1943, delivering a combat order under heavy enemy fire, comrade. Katyshev was wounded ... ". We also learned that Nikolai Mikhailovich took part in the battles for Sevastopol, where he showed his best qualities. According to his tips, 4 enemy firing points were destroyed. Grandchildren and great-grandchildren can be proud of their great-grandfather.

We believe that we have collected a large and important material about our countrymen, participants in the Great Patriotic War. All information is systematized and framed in the “Book of Memory. Live and remember…”, which contains materials about veterans: photographs, copies of certificates, a military ID, books of a Red Army soldier. Photocopies of medals and orders of war veterans, archival documents - award lists, award orders are presented.

We also created a small stand - an exposition, which has three sections: "They defended the Motherland", "Battle for Leningrad", "Children to the front".

The exposition gives us an idea of ​​the heroic labor and combat path of our countrymen during the war years. We, the younger generation, should never forget the price at which we got a happy and cloudless childhood. We must live and remember the people who gave us peace on earth.

In the future, we plan to create a local history museum at the school, where the material we have collected about fellow countrymen participating in the Great Patriotic War will be presented.

The theoretical and practical significance of the study lies in the fact thatAs a result of the work done, we found systematized and summarized data on 65 of our countrymen, participants in the Great Patriotic War. We are working on the compilation of Books of Memory about the soldiers of three settlements: the village of Ilyichevsk, the village of Leningradsky, the village of Kalashinovka. Our material can be used by both students and teachers in their work, as well as in class hours and school-wide events.

Our research is not over yet, we continue to collect information, and will supplement our Memory Books.

The memory of a people is its history. It is she who unites us all. A person without memory is nothing. A people without history is inconceivable. Genuine patriotism is based on a deep understanding of the past, because in the past we draw the experience necessary to build the future. It is the national history that instills in a person such a necessary sense of patriotism and national pride. A real citizen-patriot must know the history of his Motherland. We need knowledge of the past in order to learn from it and build our present correctly.Patriotism becomes the most important motive for the socially significant activity of a young person and in subsequent years of his self-realization - throughout his life.

“I ask one thing to those who will survive this time:

do not forget! Don't forget the good or the bad.

Patiently gather testimonies of those

who fell for himself and for you.

The day will come when the present will become the past,

When they talk about the great time

And nameless heroes who made history.

I would like everyone to know

that there were no nameless heroes,

that there were people who had their own name, their own appearance,

their aspirations and hopes, and therefore the torment

the most inconspicuous of them were no less

than the agony of one whose name will go down in history.

May these people always be close to you,

as friends, as relatives, as yourself.

Julius Fucik "Reporting with a noose around his neck"

for educators involved in the work of perpetuating the memory

fallen defenders of the Fatherland

1. Acceptance of the application.

To start the search, it is necessary to obtain as much information as possible about the missing soldier from relatives. You can prepare a questionnaire - an application that includes several main fields: last name, first name, patronymic, year and place of birth, year and place of conscription, type of troops, position, rank, unit number, field mail, fate known to relatives. At the same time, information about the unit number and field mail must be confirmed by copies of surviving letters and documents. Such a confirmation application is required because data reported from memory by relatives often required viewing a large number of files in the archive and did not give a result.

2. Entering into the database.

All applications are assigned an incoming number, and they are entered into the database. Today, almost every teacher knows ICT, so it will not be a big problem to create an electronic database, it will allow you to avoid repeating work with the fate of military personnel.

3. Search workpopulation survey method .

In connection with the existing inaccuracies and the absence in the All-Russian Book of Memory of records about the place of death and burial of the defenders of the Fatherland, replenishment and clarification of a single computer data bank on the dead (missing), a targeted event is being conducted on a door-to-door (door-to-door survey). Students are involved in the survey as part of programs to study the history of their native land. The poll establishes:

FULL NAME. participant of the Great Patriotic Wars;

Returned from the front, died or went missing;

A separate item specifies whether the name of a participant in the Great Patriotic War is included in the All-Russian Book of Memory;

The biography, information about military awards is being specified.

The information received is rechecked in TsAMO, in the editorial offices of the All-Union Communist Party at the place of residence and the death of a serviceman, and is entered into a single computer data bank on the fallen defenders of the Fatherland.

4. Check by Books of Memory .

If possible, all applications are checked against the Books of Memory of the area from which the soldier was called up. Such a check allows you to establish additional information about him, as well as find out whether he is immortalized.

5. Check by United Database "Memorial".

Literally a year ago, a unique project appeared on the Internet, thanks to which the search for military personnel was greatly simplified and accelerated. By going on the Internet at the link www.obd-memorial.ru, you can find out how wanted is listed in the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense. For a successful search in this database, you must keep in mind the following:

This project is under development, therefore it is updated periodically, and the information contained there is incomplete. Those. it happens that once you type a person, you can not find him, but after a while, he appears there.

The last name, first name and patronymic should be typed very carefully. If there is an option for another reading of the desired surname, then you must also try it, because. documents during the Great Patriotic War were mainly filled out by ear and by hand, and this allows you to write and read in different ways.

When you find the right person, you need to print two sheets. The first one shows the full name and other data typed on the computer, as well as the fund, inventory, case from which the information was taken. On the second sheet there is directly a scan of the document, where the soldier is mentioned. There can be several documents per person. Everything must be printed.

It should be borne in mind that in our large country there were many namesakes. Therefore, it is better to check as much additional information as possible: year of birth, place, names of relatives and their address.

Particular attention should be paid to information from the military registration and enlistment offices. As a rule, this information includes only the last name, first name and patronymic, sometimes even the year of birth. This is not always enough to identify the person you are looking for.

6. In 2011, another wonderful project appeared on the Internet - a public electronic document bank"The Feat of the People in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"

The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation presents a unique information resource of open access, filled with all the documents available in the military archives on the progress and results of the main military operations, exploits and awards of all the soldiers of the Great Patriotic War.

The main goals of the project are to perpetuate the memory of all the heroes of the Victory, regardless of the rank, the scale of the feat, the status of the award, the military-patriotic education of young people on the example of the military exploits of their fathers, as well as the creation of a factual basis for countering attempts to falsify the history of the War.

The creation of the most complete electronic bank of documents on a key period in the modern history of civilization has no analogues in terms of volume, historical and social significance, and is an eternal monument to the great Feat of the People.

How to work with the site: step by step instructions

It should be noted that this site is constantly updated. If March 13, 2013 in Alekseevsky RVC, Kuibyshev region. there were 8 pages, then on March 22 - already 81. I think that many will find on the site the names of their relatives or their fellow countrymen that are of interest to them.

The database of Soviet prisoners of war contains information about Soviet prisoners of war during the Second World War, who were either in prisoner of war camps or in labor battalions, mainly located on the territory of the Reich. If you are lucky, you will be able to find not only brief information about the wanted person, but also an individual card with records: about transfer from one camp to another, illness, death of a soldier, as well as a photo on the document (although rare, but there are).

I will give a specific example: in the book of Memory of the Samara Region of the Alekseevsky District, Pavel Egorovich Sinichkin is listed as dead in 1942. We found information that he was captured in May 1942 in the Crimea and was in a camp in Baden until 1944 d. The further fate is still unknown, now we are writing a request to Germany in order to issue us a certificate on our soldier.

7. Analysis of the collected information.

If the database indicates the place of burial of a serviceman in the documents of TsAMO and the military registration and enlistment office, then we can say that the search is completed, it remains to inform the relatives. But this rarely happens. There is an option that only the time and place of death are indicated. Then such applications are postponed in order to make a request to the military registration and enlistment office. These two options are among the small number of successful finds when the wording is "died".

A completely different situation is when the documents say "missing." If you can find the exact time and place of the disappearance in the documents of the unit on the base, then you can find information about the military operations of the unit on the specified day. Due to the lack of a clearly developed law on the procedure for perpetuating the memory of soldiers, writing to the military registration and enlistment office of the area where the person went missing makes little sense. It is also possible to establish the approximate area of ​​​​the death of military personnel if the number of the unit in which he served is known. The search for most applications ends with finding information in the archive that their relative went missing at about such and such a time. It is almost impossible to search for any information about a person without knowing the number of the military unit.

8. Work in archives.Search work in archives, first of all, consists in studying the primary sources of archival documents in order to obtain information for organizing field work, about irretrievable losses, and processing information obtained during search work. The main place for research work is the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Podolsk) with a fund for storing documents of units and subunits from June 2, 1941 to the present day, the Russian State Military Archive (RGVA), the Archive of Military Medical Documents of the Military Medical Museum of the Ministry of Defense Russian Federation St. Petersburg.

9. Perpetuation of the memory of the dead and missing servicemen.

When establishing the exact place of death of a soldier, it is necessary to send a request to the military registration and enlistment office of the district or region in which the soldier died, whether he is listed with them, and also write that if he is not listed, then ask to be immortalized. Be sure to attach copies of documents from which it is clear where you got the idea that the fighter died in a particular area. Typically, military registration and enlistment offices respond to such letters within a month or two. They report exactly where the serviceman is buried. If they do not have such a fighter, then they perpetuate him on the basis of your documents sent and inform you about it.

10. Reply to relatives.

All the information collected must be collected together, a response to relatives must be made, answers from the archive and data from the Internet must be attached. If there is interesting information about the fate of a serviceman, then the results of your work can be presented at solemn events.

I will highlight the important requirements for this process:

– when working with relatives or close people of the found warrior, it is necessary to rely only on documents certified by the archive and in no case add a “gag” in relation to the events of those years

If possible, provide information to relatives personally, having previously prepared them morally, since most of them are elderly people, for whom even good news can be a serious blow to health.

Wishes to teachers involved in search work: it must be borne in mind that as a result of the study there are pluses and minuses:

Firstly, it is the joy of finding information about the deceased or the military path of a soldier;

Secondly, it is necessary to warn pupils against the inevitable in many cases disappointment associated with numerous inaccuracies and errors in military documents and texts of nominal articles, in volumes of the Books of Memory.

Leaders need to weigh the pros and cons before engaging their kids in this massive event. Having decided to participate in it, one must honestly tell the children about the difficulties and possible failures. It is necessary to teach adolescents how to competently respond to "misfires" and find adequate ways to solve the tasks.

Summing up, I would like to note that the younger generation needs courageous, thoughtful teachers and senior comrades who are able to educate strong-willed, responsible and convinced patriots.

List of used literature

Sources

Book of Memory. T. 7. Samara region. Samara: 1994 - 320 p.

TsAMO, F. 33, Op. 686196, unit storage 5324

TsAMO, F. 33, Op. 682524, unit storage 480

TsAMO, F. 33, Op. 686044, unit storage 2729

TsAMO, F. 33, Op. 690155, unit storage 180

TsAMO, F. 33, Op. 686044, unit storage 2738

Collections of documents

State program "Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2010-2015".

Law of the Russian Federation of January 14, 1993 No. “On perpetuating the memory of those who died defending the Fatherland” ( in red. Federal Laws No. 122-FZ of 22.08.2004, No. 179-FZ of 03.11.2006, No. 160-FZ of 23.07.2008, No. 213-FZ of 18.07.2011).

"The concept of spiritual and moral development and education of the personality of a citizen of Russia."

Literature

1. Agapova I.A., M.A. Davydov. We are patriots! Moscow: VAKO,

2006. - 368 p.

2. Museum and school /Comp. E.A. Pavlyuchenko. M.: Enlightenment,

1985. - 192 p.

3. Tourist and local history circles at school / ed. V.V. Titov. M.:

Enlightenment, 1988. - 157 p.

4. Khramkov L.V. Samara region in the fate of Russia. Samara: publishing house

"Samara University", 2006. - 371 p.

Internet resources Uzhovenko L.V. Deputy Director for UVR. 2011.