What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of social. Options for tasks in the section "social relations" to prepare for the exam in social studies
For www.ctege.info
Denmark C5 in social studies
1. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "political regime"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about the political regime.
Explanation.
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: a set of means and methods by which the state has a regulatory effect on society.
Another definition that is close in meaning can be given.
2) two sentences with information about the political regime based on knowledge of the course, for example:
− “The leading form of political regime in the modern world is democracy”; - "Political regimes can be authoritarian, totalitarian, democratic."
Any other proposals containing information about the political regime can be made.
2. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "political leadership"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information www about political.ctege leadership.info.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: “Political leadership is the constant influence by a certain person on society, an organization or a group in the field of political relations”
2) two sentences with information about political leadership, let's say:
- “Activities of I.V. Stalin is a vivid example of political leadership”;
- "Political leadership tends to be multi-role."
Any other proposals containing correct information about political leadership may be drafted.
3. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "scientific knowledge"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about scientific knowledge.
Explanation.
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: “Scientific knowledge is knowledge established and verified with
with the help of special methods of science included in the general system of substantiated knowledge”;
2) two sentences containing information about scientific knowledge, for example:
- “Scientific knowledge, along with firmly established knowledge, also includes hypotheses”;
- "One of the methods for revealing scientific knowledge is an experiment."
Any other proposals containing correct information about scientific knowledge can be made.
4. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "political radicalism"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about political radicalism.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) The meaning of the concept, for example:
- the principle according to which parties and movements are ready to use any means, including extreme, violent ones, to achieve their goals in the political field.
2) Two sentences with information about political radicalism based on knowledge of the course, for example:
– "Political radicalism www can have .ctege different shades, ranging from .info from the left, communist, to the far right, fascist, nationalist.”
– "The danger of political radicalism increases in difficult, crisis times for the state, against the backdrop of a deterioration in the situation of broad sections of the population."
Any other sentences containing information about political radicalism can be made.
5. Name three features of a presidential republic that distinguish it from a parliamentary republic.
Explanation.
The response may include the following:
- strict separation of the legislative power from the executive;
- the combination of a government post and the seat of a deputy of parliament is excluded;
- the president is elected in elections separate from the parliamentary ones;
- executive power is less dependent on the will of the deputies of parliament.
6. What is the meaning of scientists invest in the concept of "costs"? Drawing on the knowledge of the course, make two sentences containing information about costs.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example:
- company costs - monetary value of the costs of all factors involved in the production of finished products; 2) two sentences with cost information based on knowledge of the course, for example:
- “Variable costs can be payment for raw materials and materials, wages of workers, payment for electricity, transportation costs”;
- "The profit of the firm depends on the ratio of revenue from the sale of products and costs."
Any other proposals containing cost information may be made.
7. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "constituent agreement"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about the memorandum of association.
Explanation.
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: “Memorial agreement - a document on the agreement of two or more parties, which fixes the legal status of the enterprise (organization) being created, fixes the authorized capital, establishes the procedure for distributing expenses, the rights and obligations of the parties”;
2) two sentences with information about political culture:
- “The Memorandum of Association may be signed by both legal entities and individuals”;
- "A constituent agreement is necessary when creating various types of partnerships, business companies."
8. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "political culture"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about political culture.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: “Political culture is one of the elements of the political system”;
2) two sentences with information about political culture:
- “You can talk about the political culture of society and the political culture of an individual”;
- "The political culture of a person clearly reflects his worldview."
Elements of the answer can be given in a different form that is close in meaning.
9. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "social role"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about the social role.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: "A social role is a model of human behavior, objectively set by the social position of the individual in the system of social and personal relations."
2) two sentences with information about the social role based on the knowledge of the course, for example:
- "Social roles are associated with social status, profession or type of activity";
- "In modern society, role conflicts that arise in situations where an individual is required to simultaneously perform several social roles with conflicting requirements are widespread."
Any other .ctege sentences containing .info correct information about the social role can be made www.ctege.
10. Name any four global problems of our time.
Explanation.
Global problems of our time can be named, for example:
- the threat of an ecological crisis;
- the threat of international terrorism;
- the problem of war and peace;
- problem "North - South";
- demographic problem;
- the problem of protecting health and preventing the spread of AIDS, drug addiction.
11. What is the limited economic resources? Give at least three statements.
Explanation.
The response states the following:
- limited arable land;
- exhaustibility of minerals;
- limited labor resources.
12. Name three public institutions that contribute to the socialization of the individual.
Explanation.
In response, the following institutions can be named:
A family;
- school (education);
- mass media;
- labor collective.
13. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "social group"? Drawing on the knowledge of www social science.ctege course, make.info two sentences,
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: “a social group is a collection of people who have some common significant social attribute”; Another definition that is close in meaning can be given.
2) two sentences with information about social groups based on knowledge of the course, for example:
- "Social groups are subdivided according to the number, nature of interaction, method of organization, degree of organization, duration of existence, character, age and gender."
- "In groups, a person realizes his social (public) essence."
Other proposals can be made containing correct information about social groups in society.
14. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "citizenship"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about citizenship.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: citizenship is a stable legal relationship between a person and the state, expressed in the totality of mutual rights and obligations;
2) two sentences with information about citizenship based on knowledge of the course, for example:
- "Citizenship may be acquired by a person from birth or by way of citizenship."
- "Citizenship ensures the legal capacity of a person." Any other proposals containing citizenship information can be made
15. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "cases of market failure"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make up two sentences containing information about the failure of the market.
Explanation.
A correct answer must www contain the following .ctege elements: .info
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: "Cases (facts) of market failure - situations in which market regulatory mechanisms are insufficient and, without state intervention, it becomes impossible to resolve them"; Another definition that is close in meaning can be given.
2) two sentences with information about market failure based on knowledge of the course, for example:
- “The cases of market failure in the modern economy include overcoming negative externalities from economic activity.”
- "Market failure can find its manifestation in the development and financing of fundamental science, the implementation of large infrastructure projects."
Any other proposals containing correct market failure information may be made.
16. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "social control"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about social control.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: social control is a system of ways of regulating the influence of society, social groups on a person;
2) two sentences with information about social control based on knowledge of the course, for example:
- "Social control aims to ensure that social norms are met by members of society." .
- "Social control serves to maintain the stability of the social system."
Any other sentences containing information about social control can be made.
17. What meaning do social scientists invest in the concept of "social cognition"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about social cognition.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: "Social knowledge is scientific knowledge aimed at studying the patterns of development of society as a whole, communities and associations of people, human activities."
Another definition that is close in meaning can be given.
2) two sentences with information about social cognition based on knowledge of the course, for example:
– “The specificity of social cognition is the coincidence of the cognizing subject with the cognized
object."
- "In social cognition www the method of experiment.ctege is less common.info in contrast to the knowledge of the natural sciences."
Any other sentences containing correct information about social cognition can be made.
18. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "science"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about science.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) The meaning of the concept, for example: "Science is a special type of cognitive activity aimed at obtaining, clarifying and disseminating objective, system-organized and justified knowledge about nature, society, man, consciousness."
Another definition that is close in meaning can be given.
2) Two sentences with information about science based on knowledge of the course, for example:
– “In addition to systematized knowledge, the concept of science also includes a community of scientists, institutions and laboratories engaged in research activities.”
– “Scientists offer various classifications of sciences, but the division of science into social-humanitarian and natural-science”.
Any other proposals containing correct information about science can be made.
19. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "social progress"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about social progress.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: “Social progress is the direction of development from the lowest (simple, imperfect) to the highest (complex, perfect)”; Another definition that is close in meaning can be given.
2) two sentences with information about social progress based on knowledge of the course, for example:
- “Improving the material conditions of life and increasing its duration is considered by many to be the main criterion of social progress”;
- "Some scholars offer as an integrative criterion of social progress the level of humanization of society, the position of the individual in it."
Any other proposals containing correct information about social progress may be made.
20. What meaning do social scientists invest in the concept of "social formation"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two
sentences containing information about a social formation.
Explanation. www.ctege.info
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: "A social formation is a concrete historical form of existence of society that has developed on the basis of a given mode of production"; Another definition that is close in meaning can be given.
2) two sentences with information about the social formation based on the knowledge of the course, for example:
- “The social formation can be understood as the structure of society inherent in a given stage of its development”;
- "Primary for society and social formation is the understanding of production relations, property relations."
Any other proposals containing correct information about the social formation can be made.
C5 (32). What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "social stratification"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about social stratification.
Answer:
|
(Other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning) |
Points |
|
The correct answer must contain the following elements: the meaning of the concept, for example: - social stratification - social difference, inequality of the position of people in the social structure. Another definition that is close in meaning can be given. two sentences with information about social stratification based on knowledge of the course, for example: “The stratification is based on many criteria, among them are the amount of income, the level of education, access to power, the prestige of the profession.” - "Stratification is a certain section of the social structure of society, or a theoretical angle of view on how human society works." Other sentences containing information on social stratification may be drawn up. |
|
|
The meaning of the concept is revealed and two sentences are made containing information about the corresponding social object |
|
|
The meaning of the concept is revealed and one sentence is composed containing information about the corresponding social object; OR the meaning of the concept is not explicitly disclosed, but is presented in two composed sentences, indicating that the graduate knows the social science content of this concept |
|
|
The meaning of the concept is revealed, sentences are not made, OR the proposals are made without the involvement of social science knowledge, OR social science knowledge in the proposed proposals is not involved in the context of the concept under consideration, OR the meaning of the concept is not explicitly disclosed, one sentence is composed containing information about the corresponding social object, OR the answer is wrong |
2) make two sentences:
− one sentence containing information on the channels of social mobility;
− one sentence revealing the nature of social mobility in a democratic society.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: social mobility - the movement of an individual or a social group in a structure
society associated with a change in social status; (Another definition or explanation of the meaning of the concept that is close in meaning may be given.)
2) one sentence with information about the channels of social mobility, based on the knowledge of the course, for example:
“The most important channels of social mobility in modern society are education, marriage, business, mass media and popular culture, professional sports”; (Other proposals may be made containing information on two or more channels of social mobility.)
3) one sentence, which, based on the knowledge of the course, reveals the nature of social mobility in a democratic society, for example: “A democratic society is open, there are no artificial barriers that impede upward mobility.” (Other proposals can be made that reveal, based on the knowledge of the course, the nature of social mobility in a democratic society).
Proposals must be formulated correctly, not contain elements that distort the meaning of the concept and / or its aspects. Proposals containing essential errors are not counted in the assessment.
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social group";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about the differences in interpersonal relationships in small and large groups;
− one sentence naming the function of social groups.
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
Social group - a set of people united by common features, aware of belonging to a given social group.
1) Interpersonal ties in a small group are closer, more cohesive, mostly informal than in a large group, which is characterized by a lower degree of closeness between group members and formal relations.
2) The function of social groups in society is the socialization of individuals - in a social group, an individual learns the values of society and masters new social roles.
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "small social group";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about the types of small social groups;
- one sentence, revealing one of the distinguishing features of the family as a small social group.
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
1. definition of the concept: a small social group is an association of people who have direct contact with each other, united by joint activities, emotional or family closeness, aware of their belonging to a group that is recognized by other people;
(Another, similar definition or explanation of the meaning of the concept can be given)
2. one sentence containing information about the types of small social groups: One of the classifications of small social groups is their division into primary and secondary;
(Any other proposal containing information about the types of small social groups can be made.)
3. one sentence that reveals one of the distinguishing features of the family as a small social group: one of the distinguishing features of the family is the common life of its members.
(Any other sentence that reveals the distinctive features of the family may be given.)
Proposals must be formulated correctly, not contain elements that distort the meaning of the concept and / or its aspects.
Proposals containing essential errors are not counted in the assessment.
Using social science knowledge,
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about the structure of social control;
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: social control is a system of ways of regulating the influence of society, social groups on a person;
2) one sentence with information about the structure of social control, for example: "Social control includes social norms and social sanctions"; (Other sentences may be drawn up containing information about the structure of social control.)
3) one sentence, revealing, based on knowledge of the course, any function of social control, for example: "Social control serves to maintain the stability of the social system."
Other proposals can be made, revealing, based on the knowledge of the course, any function of social control.
Using social science knowledge,
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about any reason for the association of people in social groups;
- one sentence, revealing any feature of small groups.
Explanation.
1) Social group - a set of people united by some socially significant feature.
2) People unite in groups in order to satisfy a person's need for social belonging;
3) One of the features of small groups is the direct interpersonal interaction of its members.
Source: RESHU USE
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "socialization of the individual";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about any institution of primary socialization;
- one sentence revealing the role of socialization in human life.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: “The socialization of a person is the assimilation of the main spiritual wealth accumulated by society, as well as the norms of social life”;
2) two sentences containing information about the socialization of the individual, for example:
- “The family is the primary socialization institution”;
- "The socialization of the individual helps her to adapt to the conditions of social life."
Any other proposals containing correct information about the socialization of the individual can be drawn up.
Using social science knowledge,
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about the relationship between social role and social status;
- one sentence revealing the essence of the role conflict.
Explanation.
Elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: "A social role is a model of human behavior, objectively set by the social position of the individual in the system of social and personal relations."
2) two sentences with information about the social role based on the knowledge of the course, for example:
- “Social status determines the social role, that is, the model of behavior that society expects from the bearer of a particular status”;
- "In modern society, role conflicts that arise in situations where an individual is required to simultaneously perform several social roles with conflicting requirements are widespread."
Any other sentences containing correct information about the social role can be made.
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social structure";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about the features of open social structures;
- one sentence, revealing the essence of any element of the social structure.
Explanation.
1) Social structure - a set of interrelated social groups and communities that form the internal structure of society.
2) Open social structures are characterized by the free movement of social subjects between strata.
3) One of the elements of the social structure is strata, that is, social groups of people whose members have approximately the same level of access to socially significant benefits.
Source: RESHU USE
1) unravel the meaning of understanding “so-ci-al-naya stra-ti-fi-ka-tion”;
- one sentence, containing information about the kri-te-ri-yah of the so-ci-al-noy stra-ti-fi-ka-tion;
- one sentence, revealing the essence of one of these kri-te-ri-ev.
Clear-no-no.
The correct answer should contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of understanding, for example: A multi-dimensional structure of society, based on so-qi-al-nom non- equality;
(It may be pre-ve-de-but different, close in meaning to opre-de-le-nie.)
2) one pre-lo-zhe-nie with in-form-ma-qi-she about kri-te-ri-yah so-qi-al-noy stra-ti-fi-ka-tion, opi-ra-yu - on the knowledge of the course, for example: “To kri-te-ri-yam so-ci-al-noy stra-ti-fi-ka-tion from-no-syat income, power, about-ra-zo-va-nie, pre-stige of pro-fessions”;
(There may be other proposals, containing information about kri-te-ri-yah so-qi-al-noy str-ti-fi-ka-tion.)
3) one pre-lo-same-nie, ras-ro-va-yu-schee based on knowledge of the course, the essence of one of the kri-te-ri-ev so-tsi-al -noy str-ti-fi-ka-tion, for example: “Income - is there a number of de-gentle steps in-di-vid-da or families for a certain period of time. Income can be received in the form of wages, pensions, benefits, scholarships, etc.” There may be compositions of other prepositions, spreading roofs based on the knowledge of the course, the essence of one of the cri-those -ri-ev so-ci-al-noy stra-ti-fi-ka-tion
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social control";
2) make two sentences:
− one sentence revealing any function of social control.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: social control is a system of methods of regulating the influence of society, social groups on a person;
2) two sentences with information about social control based on the knowledge of the course, for example:
- "There are such forms of social control as internal and external (formal and informal)". .
- "Social control serves to maintain the stability of the social system."
Any other sentences containing information about social control can be made.
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "socialization";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about how long the socialization of the individual continues;
- one sentence, revealing the nature of the impact on a person of agents of socialization.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: The process during which the individual learns the basic elements of culture, norms and rules, the formation of personality takes place.
2) two suggestions:
The process of socialization continues throughout human life, but with varying intensity: this is how a person most actively masters social roles at school age, in youth, and in old age activity decreases;
Socialization occurs both as a result of a spontaneous, unintentional impact on a person of agents of socialization, and as a result of a purposeful impact (education).
Any other sentences containing information about socialization may be indicated.
Source: RESHU USE
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social group";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about the role that social groups play for a person;
- one sentence containing information about any types of social groups identified according to various criteria.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: A set of people united by common interests, activities.
2) two suggestions:
In social groups, the socialization of the individual takes place, belonging to a group provides a person with status;
Depending on the number of people, sociologists distinguish large and small social groups, and depending on the organization - informal and formal.
Any other sentences containing information about social groups can be given.
Source: RESHU USE
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "national policy";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about one of the main principles of the national policy of the Russian Federation;
− one sentence revealing the essence of the disintegrative national policy.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: national policy is a set of political and organizational measures applied by the authorities to the nationalities living in its territory.
2) two sentences with information about national policy based on knowledge of the course, for example:
The main principle of the national policy of Russia is the equality of the peoples inhabiting it;
Disintegrative national policy in a number of states can take on the character of national terror (pogroms, ethnic cleansing, genocide)
Any other proposals containing national policy information may be drafted.
Source: RESHU USE
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social lifts";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about the most common channel of social mobility in modern society;
- one sentence revealing the role of social elevators in a person's life.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: "the ways (methods) along which people move from one social group to another."
Another definition close in meaning may be given;
2) two sentences with information about social elevators based on knowledge of the course, for example:
− “The most common channel of social mobility in modern society is education”;
- "Through the channels of social mobility, a person can either rise to a higher social level, or descend to a lower position."
Any other proposals containing correct information about the channels of social mobility can be drawn up
Source: RESHU USE
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social control";
2) make two sentences:
− one sentence containing information on the forms of social control;
- one sentence revealing the essence of one of the forms of social control.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements.
1. The meaning of the concept, for example "social control - a set of norms, rules of conduct that regulate human behavior in society"
2. Two sentences with information about "social control", for example:
Allocate such forms of social control as external (formal and informal) and internal;
Internal social control is self-control of the individual, it is based on norms, customs, role expectations, assimilated by the individual.
Any other sentences containing correct information about social control may be given.
Source: RESHU USE
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "socialization of the individual";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about the agents of socialization;
- one sentence revealing the results of socialization.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements.
1. The meaning of the concept, for example: "the socialization of an individual - the development of behavioral standards, patterns, values, ideals, knowledge, ways of interacting with society, the formation of personal qualities."
Another definition that is close in meaning can be given.
2. Two sentences with information about the socialization of the individual, based on knowledge of the course, for example:
- "Identify primary and secondary agents of socialization";
- "As a result of socialization, a person's worldview is formed, as well as his integration into society."
Any other sentences containing correct information about the socialization of the individual can be made.
Source: RESHU USE
Using social science knowledge,
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information on the types of conflict, identified according to the criterion of the causes of occurrence;
- one sentence, revealing any method of conflict resolution.
Explanation.
the meaning of the concept, for example: "Social conflict is a special interaction of individuals, groups and associations when their incompatible views, positions and interests collide."
1) Allocate such types of social conflicts as domestic, economic, political, cultural, etc.
2) The negotiation method assumes that the parties to the conflict exchange views and make compromises, mutual concessions.
Source: RESHU USE
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social status";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about the types of social statuses;
- one sentence, revealing the relationship between the concepts of social status and prestige.
Explanation.
The correct answer may include:
the meaning of the concept, for example: "Social status - the position of a person in society, occupied by him in accordance with age, gender, social origin and other indicators and involving certain rights and obligations."
Another definition close in meaning may be given;
The following suggestions may be made:
Allocate such types of social statuses as prescribed and achieved;
Prestige is an assessment by society of the social significance of a particular social status.
Other sentences that do not distort the meaning can be given.
Source: RESHU USE
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social inequality";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information on the negative impact of social inequality on social relations;
- one sentence revealing the causes of social inequality.
Explanation.
The correct answer may include:
1) Social inequality - a situation in which individual individuals, social groups, strata, classes are at different levels of the vertical social hierarchy and have unequal life chances and opportunities to meet needs.
The following suggestions may be made:
2) Social inequality leads to the emergence of social conflicts between representatives of different strata, an increase in social tension.
The reasons for the emergence of social inequality are the performance by people of qualitatively unequal types of labor that satisfy social needs to varying degrees.
Other sentences that do not distort the meaning can be given.
Source: RESHU USE
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social role";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about the types of social roles;
- one sentence, revealing the essence of the concept of a role set of personality.
Explanation.
The correct answer may include:
1) Social role - a model of behavior focused on a certain social status.
The following suggestions may be made:
2) The main social roles are family, professional, socio-political.
3) Role set - a set of roles performed by a person.
Other sentences that do not distort the meaning can be given.
Source: RESHU USE
Using the community of Vedic knowledge,
1) open up the meaning of the concept of “ver-ti-kal-naya social mobility”;
2) compose two prepositions:
- one proposal containing information about the channels of social mobility;
- one sentence, revealing the effect of any of the channels of social mobility.
Suggestions should be spread out and contain correct information about the corresponding answers as-pek-tah po-nya-tiya.
Explanation.
1) Vertical social mobility is the movement of individuals or groups in a social structure with an improvement or deterioration in social status.
2) You can move from group to group, improve your social status through military service, marriage, education, which received the name of social elevators.
3) One of the most important channels of social mobility is education, which provides access to prestigious positions and titles, without which it is impossible to make a career in modern society.
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social norms";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information on ways to regulate people's behavior by social norms;
− one sentence about the types of social norms.
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: rules, regulations and standards related to them, patterns of behavior; (Another definition that is close in meaning may be given).
2) one sentence, with information about ways to regulate people's behavior by social norms, for example: The main ways to regulate people's behavior by social norms are: permission, prescription, prohibition. (Any other proposals can be made containing information about ways to regulate people's behavior by social norms).
3) one sentence, which, based on the knowledge of the course, reveals the types of social norms, for example: Fashion, etiquette rules, aesthetic norms are types of social norms. (Any other sentences containing information about the types of social norms can be made).
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social mobility";
2) make two sentences:
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: social mobility is a change in the social position of an individual, a social group; (Another definition that is close in meaning may be given.)
2) a sentence with information about the types of social mobility based on the knowledge of the course, for example: Sociologists distinguish vertical and horizontal, individual and group social
mobility. (Another proposal could be made containing information on types of social mobility.)
3) a sentence that reveals, based on knowledge of the course, the essence of any type of social mobility, for example: Vertical mobility is associated with the movement of a person or social group up or down the social ladder, improving or worsening their social position.
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social conflict";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information on the types of social conflict;
- one sentence about the causes of social conflict.
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: it is a confrontation, a clash of two or more subjects (sides) of social interaction, the causes of which are incompatible needs, interests and values; (Another definition that is close in meaning may be given.)
2) one sentence with information about the types of social conflict, based on the knowledge of the course, for example: social conflict can be hidden and obvious; (Any other proposal containing information about the types of social conflicts can be made.)
3) one sentence, revealing, based on the knowledge of the course, the causes of social conflict, for example: the cause of social conflict can be a clash of interests in any area of human relationships, for example, personal differences. (Any other sentence can be made that reveals the causes of social conflict.)
Proposals must be formulated correctly, not contain elements that distort the meaning of the concept and / or its aspects.
Proposals containing essential errors are not counted in the assessment.
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social mobility";
2) make two sentences:
− one sentence containing information on the types of social mobility;
- one sentence, revealing the essence of any type of social mobility.
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: social mobility is a change in the social position of an individual, a social group;
2) one sentence with information about the types of social mobility, based on the knowledge of the course, for example: Sociologists distinguish between vertical and horizontal, individual and group social mobility.
(Another proposal may be made containing information on two or more types of social mobility.)
3) one sentence that, based on knowledge of the course, reveals the essence of any type of social mobility, for example: Vertical mobility is associated with the movement of a person or social group up or down the social ladder, improving or worsening their social position.
(Another proposal can be drawn up, revealing, based on knowledge of the course, the essence of any of the types of social mobility.)
Proposals must be formulated correctly, not contain elements that distort the meaning of the concept and / or its aspects. Proposals containing essential errors are not counted in the assessment.
Characterizing vertical social mobility, social scientists talk about the channels of social mobility. Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "channels of social mobility";
2) make two sentences:
− one sentence containing information on existing channels of social mobility;
- one sentence revealing the connection between the processes of social mobility and the democratization of society.
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: the ways (methods) along which people move from one social group to another;
(Another definition or explanation of the meaning of the concept that is close in meaning may be given.)
2) one sentence with information about the existing channels of social mobility, based on the knowledge of the course, for example: The most important channels of social mobility are: education, army, marriage, political, economic and professional organizations;
(Another proposal could be made containing information on two or more existing channels of social mobility.)
3) one sentence that reveals, based on knowledge of the course, the connection between the processes of social mobility and the democratization of society, for example: in a democratic society there are no social barriers insurmountable for citizens, therefore everyone, exercising their rights and freedoms, can take a social position that suits him.
(Another proposal can be drawn up, revealing, based on knowledge of the course, the connection between the processes of social mobility and the democratization of society.)
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social group";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information on the criteria for the allocation of social groups;
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: a relatively stable association of people who have common social characteristics;
(Another definition or explanation of the meaning of the concept that is close in meaning may be given.)
2) One sentence with information about the criteria for identifying social groups, based on the knowledge of the course, for example: Large and small groups are distinguished by size and number;
3) one sentence, revealing, based on knowledge of the course, any of the functions of social groups in society, for example: The social group performs an integrative function, it consists in the fact that people strive to unite in difficult situations for them.
(Another proposal may be drawn up containing information on the criteria for distinguishing social groups.)
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social conflict";
2) make two sentences:
− one sentence containing information on the cause(s) of social conflicts;
- one sentence, revealing the difference between the cause of social conflict and its cause.
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: the clash of individuals or social groups over values, power, etc.;
(Another definition or explanation of the meaning of the concept that is close in meaning may be given.)
2) One sentence with information about the cause(s) of social conflicts, based on the knowledge of the course, for example: The main cause of social conflicts is the contradiction of economic, political, spiritual interests of various social forces, as well as social inequality;
(Another proposal may be made containing information on the cause(s) of social conflicts.)
3) one sentence, which, based on knowledge of the course, reveals the difference between the cause of social conflict and its cause, for example: The cause of social conflict can be any event that served as the last straw that overflowed the cup of patience, while the causes are deep social contradictions.
(Another sentence can be drawn up, revealing, based on the knowledge of the course, the difference between the cause of social conflict and its cause.)
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social norm";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about the types of social norms;
- one sentence revealing the nature of the difference between the main types of social norms.
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: a social norm is the rules established in society, patterns, standards of expected behavior of people.
(Another definition or explanation of the meaning of the concept that is close in meaning may be given.)
2) one sentence with information about the types of social norms based on knowledge of the course, for example: The following types of social norms are distinguished: moral norms, legal norms, traditions and customs, religious norms, etc.;
(Another sentence may be composed containing information on two or more types of social norms.)
3) one sentence, revealing, based on knowledge of the course, the nature of the difference between the main types of social norms, for example: The difference between social norms lies in the degree of importance of regulated relations and the obligation to fulfill them.
(Another sentence could be drawn up, revealing the nature of the difference between the main types of social norms.)
Proposals must be formulated correctly, not contain elements that distort the meaning of the concept and or its aspects.
Proposals containing essential errors are not counted in the assessment.
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social group";
2) make two sentences:
- one sentence containing information about the types of social groups;
- one sentence, revealing any of the functions of social groups in society.
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: a social group is any set of people who have some common socially significant feature;
(Another definition that is close in meaning may be given.)
2) one sentence with information about the types of social groups, based on the knowledge of the course, for example: Large and small social groups are distinguished by size and number;
(Another proposal may be drawn up containing information on the criteria for distinguishing social groups.)
3) one sentence, revealing, based on the knowledge of the course, any of the functions of social groups in society, for example: A social group performs the function of socializing new generations.
(Another proposal can be made, revealing, based on knowledge of the course, any of the functions of social groups in society.)
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social mobility";
2) make two sentences:
− one sentence containing information on the types of social mobility;
- one sentence revealing information about the channels of social mobility in modern society.
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: social mobility - the movement of an individual or a social group in the structure of society;
(Another definition or explanation of the meaning of the concept that is close in meaning may be given.)
2) one sentence containing information about the types of social mobility, for example: vertical social mobility can be intragenerational and intergenerational;
(Any other proposal containing information on types of social mobility can be made.)
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social mobility";
2) make two sentences:
− one sentence containing information on the types of social mobility;
- one sentence characterizing marginality as a possible manifestation of social mobility.
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
The correct answer must contain the following elements:
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: the movement of groups or individuals in the social structure of society;
2) one sentence with information about the types of social mobility, based on knowledge of the course, for example:
The types of social mobility are vertical and horizontal mobility;
3) one sentence characterizing marginality as a possible manifestation of social mobility. for example: marginality implies an intermediate, socially indeterminate state of a social subject in the process of social mobility.
Sentences should be widespread and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.
Explanation.
1) the meaning of the concept, for example: differentiation of people in society depending on access to power, income and some other socially significant features, which are based on social inequality;
(Another definition or explanation of the meaning of the concept that is close in meaning may be given.)
2) one sentence with information about the historical types of stratification systems, based on knowledge of the course, for example: the historical types of stratification systems include slave, caste, estate and class systems.
(Another proposal may be made containing information on two or more historical types of stratification systems.)
3) one sentence, revealing, based on knowledge of the course, the features of social stratification in a traditional society, for example: in a traditional society, social stratification was fixed by the state at the legislative level, social strata differed in a set of legal rights and obligations, belonging to a social stratum was determined primarily by the origin of a person .
What is the point of the community-of-ve-dy contribution-dy-va-yut to the understanding of the so-qi-al-naya group-pa. Compose two prepositions: one preposition about the types of social groups and one preposition about the existence of any th of the species.
Explanation.
The correct answer may include:
A social group is a set of people who have a common social attribute and perform a socially necessary function in the structure of the social division of labor and activity.
Depending on the density, the form of implementation of relations and their constituent members, large and small, primary and secondary social groups are distinguished.
The main object of sociological research is small social groups (a small social group can consist of 2 to 15 - 20 people). A small social group is small in composition, its members are united by common activities and are in direct, stable, personal communication.
Using social science knowledge,
1) reveal the meaning of the concept of "social conflict";
2) make two sentences:
One sentence containing information about the types of social conflict;
One sentence revealing one of the functions of social conflict.
(Suggestions must be general and contain correct information about the relevant aspects of the concept.)
Explanation.
1. The meaning of the concept, for example: social conflict is the highest stage in the development of contradictions in relations between people, social groups, society as a whole, which is characterized by a clash of opposing interests, goals, positions of subjects of interaction;
(Another definition that is close in meaning may be given or
explanation of the concept.)
2. One sentence with information about the types of social conflict, based on knowledge of the course, for example: social conflict can be interpersonal and intergroup;
(Another proposal may be made containing information on the types of social conflict.)
3. One sentence, revealing, based on knowledge of the course, one of the functions of social conflict, for example: one of the functions of social conflict is the opening and resolution of social contradictions.
Another sentence can be drawn up, revealing one of the functions of social conflict.
1. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "social group"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about the "social group".
Answer: a social group is a stable collection of people that has different, only inherent features (social status, interests, value orientations).
Sample sentences: The emergence of social groups is associated with the social division of labor and the specialization of human activity . A social group is an intermediary between an individual and society as a whole. Social groups can be of various sizes - small and large, as well as formal and informal.
2. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "quasigroup"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about the "quasi-group".
Answer:
a quasi-group is an unstable, informal set of people, united, as a rule, by one or very few types of interaction, having an indefinite structure, system of values and norms.
Sample sentences: The main properties of quasi-groups include anonymity, suggestibility, social contagion, unconsciousness. Quasi-groups most often exist for a short time, after which they either completely disintegrate, or, under the influence of the situation, turn into stable social groups. Quasi-groups include the audience, fan group, crowd, etc.
C6 - a task that requires concretization of theoretical provisions with the help of examples of social life. Most often, tasks of two models are used: “explain by example” (first model) or “illustrate with examples” (second model). The first model does not unfold before the examinee the requirements for specific “steps” for completing tasks; it is more difficult to complete. The second model can be formulated in several ways: “Name ... and illustrate with an example”, “Give a position with an appropriate example”, “Name and give an appropriate example”.
C5. What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "social group"? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course, make two sentences containing information about social groups in society.
The meaning of the concept: a social group is any set of people who have some common socially significant feature,
Information about social groups in society:
Social groups are subdivided according to the size, nature of relationships, method of organization, degree of organization, duration of existence, biosocial characteristics (racial affiliation, gender, age),
According to the number of participants, social groups are divided into large and small groups, according to the nature of the relationship - formal and informal groups,
In groups, a person realizes his social (social) essence.
The maximum score is 2.
C5. Name any three reasons why people form social groups.
Groups satisfy a person's need for social belonging,
In a group, a person satisfies one or another interest,
In a group, a person performs those activities that he cannot carry out alone,
The maximum score is 2.
C5. List any three features that characterize education as a social institution.
Social institution -it is a sustainable form of organizing joint activities, regulated by norms, traditions, customs and aimed at meeting the fundamental needs of society.
The presence of a role-playing system (student, teacher),
The presence of a set of institutions (institute, school),
Existence of regulatory rules or norms (law on education, school charter),
The presence of important social functions (socialization of youth).
The maximum score is 2.
C5. Name any three factors of socialization of the individual.
Family educational traditions
social environment,
social norms,
Communication skills.
The maximum score is 2.
C5. Name any three traits of a person that predetermine his negative deviant behavior.
Human traits that predetermine negative deviant behavior:
Limited needs and interests
A distorted idea of "what is good and what is bad",
Lack of a sense of social responsibility
The habit of uncritical assessment of one's own behavior,
Psychical deviations.
The maximum score is 2.
C6. Give any three examples of the impact of various social institutions on the process of socialization of the individual.
The family as a social institution contributes to the assimilation of society's accepted views on good and evil, justice, and so on,
School (education) as a social institution provides the necessary knowledge,
The media as a social institution contributes to the development of attitudes towards the values that exist in society.
The maximum score is 3.
C6. Based on social science knowledge and personal experience, simulate a specific situation that illustrates positive deviant behavior. Give three examples of formal positive sanctions that are possible in this case.
Situation model: Sidorov, an advertising executive at a large real estate firm, used an unconventional style of dress to attract customers, resulting in a significant increase in sales in a short time.
Positive sanctions: the company's management approved of his innovation, and Sidorov was given an award, or presented with a diploma, or offered a new position with the prospect of career growth.
The maximum score is 3.
C6. Use examples to illustrate each of the three types of social norms: tradition, custom, ceremony.
Traditions - hospitality, regular meetings of school graduates,
Ceremony - coronation, inauguration.
The maximum score is 3.
C6. Name two trends in the development of modern interethnic relations and illustrate each of them with an example.
Answer
The main trends in the development of interethnic relations are:
- integration, economic, cultural and political rapprochement of nations, destruction of national barriers (for example, the European Community),
- opposition to the economic, political and cultural expansion of the superpowers (anti-globalization movement).
The maximum score is 3.
C6. According to scientists, the family, along with other functions, performs the function of supporting the physical health of parents and children. Name and illustrate with examples three manifestations of this function.
Answer
The manifestations of the function of supporting the physical health of parents and children are:
- giving up bad habits (for example, after the birth of a child, a young father quit smoking),
- active recreation (for example, parents and children go to the skating rink every Sunday in winter),
- mastering hygiene skills (for example, parents teach children to brush their teeth twice a day, wash their hands before eating),
- carrying out preventive and recreational activities (for example, in the fall, parents and children made a decision and were vaccinated against influenza).
The maximum score is 3.
C7. The family, which arose in ancient times, initially concentrated in itself all the main functions to ensure human life. Gradually, it began to share its individual functions with other institutions of society. List three such functions. Name the social institutions that began to fulfill them.
Answer
Function examples:
- socialization of children
- economic,
- social status.
The function of socializing children is now also carried out by the school; the economic function is connected with the institute of material production; the social status of a person can be provided by the army, the church, the media, the profession.
The maximum score is 3.
Similar information.
A ship at a crossroads: the commissioning of the Ivan Gren large landing ship is not a dot, but an ellipsis ... Landing ship Ivan Gren of project 11711
How the USSR fought in Angola
International relations on the eve of World War II