Old timers of my garden. Old-timers of my garden Watched the garden

The history of the site has more than one hundred years. It was owned by several generations of my relatives. Individual fruit plantations are much older than me. This fact made us think about the reproductive age of plants. How long do fruit crops live and bear fruit?

Previously, it seemed that for an apple tree, the age of 40-50 years is the limit of possibilities. How wrong I was in my judgments! Digging through the scientific literature, I found interesting data. It turns out that the maximum age of a domestic apple tree in Central Russia is 100-120 years. In the south, it reaches 150. The pear lives even longer than 200-300 years.
The most interesting thing is that the age of wild specimens is 1.5-2 times greater than that of domestic ones. Scientists attribute this difference to several factors. In the forest, trees appear as a result of seed propagation. They are more adapted to the conditions of the area. They come into fruiting at 6-7 years from germination.
In horticulture, to accelerate the appearance of fruits, seed rootstocks are grafted with cultural grafts. Thus, interfering with the natural process. The constant formation of the crown, pruning of branches lead to stress. In some cases, disease develops on untreated sections. Garden plantings stand in an open area, rarely planted from each other, therefore, without painting the trunks, sunburn occurs there in the spring. All these factors shorten the life of cultivated plants.

At the end of the garden, near the old bathhouse, an apple tree of the Anis striped variety grows more than 7 meters high. When dad was a child, she already had a decent height. So she is over 70 years old. This season, for the first time, several branches withered on the top of the head. Every year, unlike other modern varieties, it produces a crop of fragrant apples. Feels good. We do not form a special crown. All these years, the base of the tree was covered with cherry bushes. The natural coolness and special microclimate inside the garden contributed to the longevity of the seedlings.
A little closer to the arable land was another copy of the same variety. About 5 years ago, during a thunderstorm, a tree was broken by the wind. The trunk was not protected by bushes, so the bark cracked, small hollows formed. All this happened before we arrived at the site.

Near the barn there is an even older apple tree of an unknown variety, about 3 meters high. The close occurrence of groundwater does not allow the root system to develop well. Several times the crown dried up almost completely. The old-timer found strength again and grew it again, practically from scratch. This year the whole tree is covered with fruits.

Whitecurrant is surprisingly sweet with long tassels (more than 20 pieces on one branch) of amber color with berries pleases every year with high yields. More than 10 kilograms from one bush.

They hang very beautifully on the plant, resembling long earrings. The old-timer is over 50 years old. Drying branches are cut periodically. The last time this procedure was carried out more than 7 years ago. Since then, dry shoots have not been seen.

Blackcurrant is a huge bush with a diameter of more than 3 meters. The berries are small, old variety. One gets the impression that it was originally taken from the wild. He is over 40 years old. Sweet, fragrant berries are practically not damaged by pests and diseases, unlike modern large-fruited varieties growing on the site. This is what hardening with time and natural immunity means!

According to scientists, the age of the currant does not exceed 20-25 years. Our old-timers clearly exceeded this figure by more than 2 times.

Our old gooseberry with large maroon fruits has pleased us with a large harvest for more than 50 years. But last year, for the first time, it dried up very badly. I had to remove dead branches. There are a few live shoots left. One stem rooted, formed a new bush. We will move it to a new location next year. I hope to keep this delicious old variety. According to statistics, the life expectancy of gooseberries is 20-25 years.

Plums on the plot of 2 varieties on different sides of the garden: tall and low. Tall trees produce large fruits with a slight sourness. Their age is over 30 years. Undersized specimens are sweeter. According to studies, plum and cherry live up to 30-35 years. Trees feel great, every year, increasing the volume of the crown, increasing productivity.

I believe that the reason for the longevity of fruit plantations in my garden is as follows:
1. Without urgent need, I do not interfere in the life of plants (pruning only dried branches, destroying pests as they appear).
2. Humid microclimate (the site is located in the floodplain of the river).
3. Protection from the wind (covered from the side of the prevailing wind rose by hills, tall buildings).
4. Bulk, imported fertile soil, consisting of dark-colored silty earth with a cloddy structure. The native horizon is at a depth of 40-50 cm.
5. Large trees below are protected by a canopy of undersized shrubs. A favorable symbiosis of several cultures occupying different levels has been created.

Love your garden, protect it from the harmful effects of the outside world. It will answer you with a large annual harvest and retain its natural longevity for many years!

14:13 - REGNUM

Kindergarten "Magic Country" was opened in the microdistrict "Telecenter" in the northern part of Tambov. About it IA REGNUM On October 18, the deputy head of the preschool education department of the city administration told Irina Rakitina. The kindergarten was built at the expense of the federal and regional budgets.

As Irina Rakitina explained, at the moment the kindergarten is fully staffed. Children from one to seven years old visit it from October 2.

It was not by chance that a new preschool institution was built in the Telecenter microdistrict - this microdistrict is completely new, and there are many families with kids, and therefore a modern kindergarten was vital. In total, the kindergarten is designed for 12 groups: six groups for children under the age of three and six groups for children aged three to seven years. The design capacity of the kindergarten is 250 places. Moreover, as of October 1, 360 children were enrolled in the kindergarten, which includes about half - kids under three years old.

The new building of the kindergarten meets the most modern requirements: new technological equipment and furniture have been installed here, the building is equipped with a security and fire alarm and video surveillance cameras. Educational centers and studios are located in the kindergarten: exact sciences and robotics, chess, speech development, art design with a pottery workshop, musical creativity, art therapy, personal growth, animation, as well as a health center, which includes a gym, sports equipment , sports ground. As explained in the department of preschool education, there are all opportunities for the development of individual characteristics in children. The kindergarten also has its own mobile computer class, interactive whiteboards, play and didactic equipment. In group rooms for children of senior preschool age, conditions have been created for LEGO construction and robotics classes.

We did not forget about the territory of the kindergarten: there are 12 playgrounds with shady awnings, playground equipment, a sports ground for organizing children's physical activity and teaching the basics of sports games. There is also a special platform for organizing classes on teaching the rules of the road, the safe behavior of children on the street. Importantly, children with disabilities will also be able to attend the kindergarten - the institution has created conditions for unhindered access to the building for people with disabilities and other people with limited mobility.

It should be noted that today five more kindergartens are under construction in the Tambov region. In Tambov, kindergartens are built according to a standard project, but they have their own characteristics. For example, the concept of one of the kindergartens under construction provides for the creation of a “Preschool Sports Academy”. And another kindergarten under construction "Sunny City" will be a "Technosad".

In general, in the region, due to the construction of kindergartens in 2019, 840 places for children under three years of age will be created. In addition, the administration of the region sent an additional application to the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation for the construction of buildings for another 14 kindergartens for 1580 places.

Background

The Decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On National Goals and Strategic Objectives for the Development of the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2024” set the task of achieving 100% provision of Russian citizens with kindergartens and nurseries.
At present, not everything is good with this in Russia. According to a study by the Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting of the RANEPA (for 2017), preschool institutions in the country are accessible only to two-thirds of all those who need them. Groups are overcrowded, and the quality of services provided by such institutions is not always up to the mark and tends to deteriorate.
Shortcomings in the work of preschool institutions are often due to too much workload on educators due to overcrowding of groups.
The best situation with the provision of places in preschool institutions in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (92.6%), Novgorod Region (85.4%), the Komi Republic (85.3%), Murmansk (83.4%), Magadanskaya (82.3%) %), Vladimir (80.8%) and Vologda (80.6%) regions. The worst - in Ingushetia (14%), Dagestan (27.6%) and the Chechen Republic (29.2%). In rural areas, things are much worse than in cities.
The development of private kindergartens is constrained by high prices for their services and the difficulty of obtaining a license. The number of such institutions is still small.

1. Write out single-root words in columns. Select root.

a) Garden, oak, walk, oak, garden, move, oak, planting, transition.

b) Mountain, hospital, pain, mountainous, mountainous, disease.

c) Old age, night, old, nocturnal, spend the night, grow old, old man.

2. Pick up the words heat, light single-root words denoting a sign of an object and an action of an object. Write them down.

3. With the words mushroom, mushroom, mushroom pickers, make and write sentences. The proposal should include the name of the boy and the name of the village.

4. Write single-root words in a line in the following order: subject, feature of the subject, action of the subject.

SAMPLE: white, white, whiten.

Spring, conversation, greenery, frost, view, conversation, turns green, prominent, talkative, freezes, green, see, frosty, spring.

5. Write out single-root words from the text.

6. The poem “Related (single-root) words”

Explain words sensibly
The root of the word will help us.
He will help us understand
How to write a word.
Hill, hillock, hillocks.
Help - to Egorka,
How to write words to him:
“On g...re r...sla tr...va?”.

7. Read. Find the "extra" word.

Water, water, water, submariner, driver.

Mountain, hill, mountain, grieve, hillock, highlander.

River, river, speech, river, riverman.

Buy, purchase, buyer, merchant, swimsuit, buy.

Steam, steam, steam (milk), steam (shoes).

Little, little one, painter, kid.

Thunderstorm, formidable, cluster, thunderstorm.

Cavalry, equestrian, window sill, stable.

Laziness, lazy, tape, sloth.

Tea, tea leaves, kettle, teapot.

Dry, cracker, dryness, dry, fry.

Sweetness, sugar, sugar bowl, sugar.

Lake, lake, water.

Bun, bread box, bread, bread.

Sailor, fisherman, sea.

Way, road, traveler.

Schoolchild, student, preschooler.

Teaching, textbook, book.

Salt, salt shaker, straw.

Birch, birch, tree.

Road, road, road.

Forest, forest, stairs.

Fisherman, fisherman, go fishing.

8. Game "Make a nest of words."

You can play both alone and with each other: compete, who will get the “nest” more.

Rules of the game:

words from the same root. “living” in one “nest” can belong to very different parts of speech. For example: garden, garden, plant, gardener.

It is necessary to collect words with a variety of prefixes and suffixes.

In the “nest” there may be words in which there are two roots (compound words).

9. Game "Relatives".

The player distributes the cards. Then shows any word. The participants in the game take turns substituting related words for it. Whoever gets rid of their cards first is the winner.

WORDS FOR CARDS:

Water, aquatic, watery, flood, waterman, underwater.

Leader, lead, wire, plant, let down, reins.

Nose, bridge of nose, nosed, weevil, rhinoceros.

I carry, carrier, carry, portable, tray, honey, porter.

Knife, knife, scissors, sheath.

Leg, foot, tripod, leg, foot, centipede.

I give, transmit, gear, transmitter, problem book, teacher.

Sea, marine, sailor,

Memory, memorize, memo, monument, memorization.

Blood, bloody, bloodless, bleed.

10. Find the roots of the same root words.

Leaf fall, leaf fall, -

Yellow leaves are flying.

11. Are the underlined words the same root?

Rustic old-timer
Collective farm garden guarded.
And around the meadows the woods.
Grandfather sees: running Fox.
He has a gun at the ready
And I decided to kill the cheat.

12. Pick up 2-3 single-root words.

13. Prove that these words are related.

a) a ticket	railway carriage
usher	trolley
fly around	wagon
ticketless	trailer
ticket	car driver
b) bandage	mushroom
bandage	mushroomer
bandage	mushroom
bandage	mycelium
c) tea	brother
kettle	little brother
tea	brotherly
tea party	Brotherhood
d) work	felt boots
employee	felt boots
worker	play around
work	felted
e) sheet	guitar
sheet	guitar player
sheet	guitar
leaf fall	guitarist

14. From these words, form single-root words that answer the questions WHAT? WHICH?

homeland -

b) flour -

15. From these words, form single-root words that answer the question WHAT TO DO?

b) frost

16. From the given words, form single-root words that answer the question HOW?

a) straight

loud -

quick -

b) bold

short -

curve -

ambulance -

17. Find related words. Write them out. Select the root.

1) Oilmen extract oil from an oil well.

2) The sour herb has a sour taste.

3) There was an ostrich cub next to the ostrich.

4) Onion soup is cooked from onions.

5) A slow person does everything slowly.

6) The fortress is fortified from all sides.

7) A wise man himself acts wisely and teaches wisdom to others.

8) In the spring all the girls from our class learn to play hopscotch.

18. Write related words from the text. Select root.

1) A wild duck brought her ducklings out of the sedge. The sun shone brightly. Water porridge bloomed over the water. The duck dived into the water, followed by the whole family.

2) The raspberries grew luxuriantly all around. Juicy fragrant raspberries quickly filled the box. There was a noise. Near the bushes there was a bear with a cub.

3) The dawn rises in a cold haze;
On the fields, the noise of work ceased;
With her hungry wolf
The wolf comes out on the road.

4) I like to wander through the forest. And how many mushrooms in the forest! Fragrant mushrooms and mushrooms have been waiting for mushroom pickers for a long time. So I found a fungus under the spruce. Yes, what!

5) Snowflakes were born in snowy clouds high above the ground. They slowly descended to the ground. A beautiful round dance of snowflakes! Do you like the first snowball?

19. Cards for independent work.

CARD #1

Cross out the extra words.

CARD #2

Cross out the extra words.

CARD #3

Cross out the extra words.

CARD #4

Cross out the extra words.

CARD #5

Cross out the extra words.

20. Match the words in the left column with the words in the right column.