My attitude to the hero of the story is a microscope. AT

March 11 2011

The social system of a totalitarian type levels out. Art is taken to protect it. To this end, at the end of the 60s, V. Shukshin created his “Freaks”. Brezhnev's censorship graciously allows him to see the light, because "what, they say, you take from a fool." The proposed interpretation of the story "Microscope" is carried out in the form of a "review on what has been read". One of its elements is stylization under the author's style of narration. Shukshin represents the family. Usual. Its head is a carpenter. If we use the classification of Gorky’s Luke (“Here, let’s say, joiners live and that’s all - trash-people ... And now a joiner is born from them ... such a joiner, which the earth has never seen like this, has exceeded everyone, and there is no equal to him in joiners. He is everything carpentry gives its appearance ... "), then Shukshin's character clearly does not belong to the last category. How did you become a carpenter? Well, it turned out that way.

Was there a choice? Probably, though not great: a driver, an electrician, etc. (after seven years). Learn more? Maybe he wanted to, but the traditions of the environment - can you jump over? (Such a forehead - to feed?!) Yes, and he was not noticed in special talents.

In short, Andrey Yerin is more of a craftsman than a craftsman. In any case, he is far from Nilinsky Pavlyuk. Work from now to now. Sometimes brings to continue at home. For the sake of interest? Unlikely. Rather, out of a desire to quickly “close the outfit”, get more money in salary. Children - three. The wife does not work on this occasion. She has children and a house. We have to contrive: money is not enough. They live modestly. However, Andrei still cannot do without vodka. Well, it’s not that he leaned with all his might - his wife holds it in her hands, and it’s shameful to take it away from her children.

Recently, my father especially liked it - about microbes. And this is necessary: ​​to annoy a person like that! Small-cat creature! .. And this problem took Andrey so much that he stopped drinking vodka. And ... - "it was necessary to decide on this. He made up his mind." The deed was to fraudulently extract 120/rubles from the family budget and buy a microscope with them. To see with my own eyes all this crappy trifle and ... Well, what to do next - it will be seen there, but first you need to make out ...

Difficulties of local significance lay in the fact that the wife would never go to this waste and would not agree with her. He will say: the children need new coats, they have already been looked after. Well, and most importantly - what is it, a microscope for? Nails to them, or what, to hammer in?.. Oh, to consider microbes! Yes, it’s better to buy three new pans ... The old ones are all already riveted-re-riveted! ..

And if you name the most important of the main things, then you won’t even speak. Accustomed to command, general's wife! Almost on it (an insult to dignity!) - so for the frying pan and fight. That's the nature of something God rewarded! Not a woman - a lioness! Like in fairy tales about an evil wife. Or like Prostakov in Fonvizin's "Undergrowth". Or, as in Great Expectations: Miss Jo Gargery. But Andrei's school education was cut short in the seventh grade, and he also hardly read Dickens - and therefore he learned the characteristic of his own wife from scratch, practically: during fairly frequent theatrical performances, the main sham subject of which was a frying pan.

This is how they lived. So the woman's soul labored in relation to her husband. And it is unlikely that in the life of this woman there was anything more excitingly entertaining than this theater. So take it away from her, and life would immediately fade. The husband, however, comprehended this and generously allowed himself to be humiliated. Effects? There were, of course ... I stopped joking, for example. It's not that he couldn't do it at all. But somehow it stopped, it wasn’t joking, it wilted. Increasingly, I wanted to drink, “shake it up”, as they say. And then there are the microbes. And suddenly - came to life, having bought a microscope. I forgot about vodka. Started joking again. Zhenya began to resist ...

So what happened? It's just that Andrey Erin expanded the horizons of his life a little. The interest of the researcher woke up in him (normal human quality). Naturally, he could not engage in science in the professional sense. How then to name his hobby? There is such a thing as "naive painting". This is when paintings are painted by artists who do not have a higher education. Erin's studies, by analogy, can be called "naive science." They do not have any scientific meaning, but for Erin himself their significance can hardly be overestimated. With a microscope, something that carpentry had long ceased to bring returned to the life of this man: enthusiasm (“Andrey got up twice at night, turned on the light, looked through the microscope ... For a week, Andrey Yerin probably lived like in a dream. He came home from work, washed himself thoroughly, had a quick supper ... He looked sideways at the microscope ... Together with my son we sat for hours at the microscope, examined"), emotionality ("I began to walk excitedly around the room"), respect for others (Zoya Erina "it was flattering that they were talking about her husband in the village - a scientist") . Working with a microscope became for him something in which he could express himself personally, what was “the theater” for his wife. Life has become spiritualized.

Zoya Erina, who has adequately taken care of the house and children, but has recently stopped “leading” her husband in order to regain the possibility of her “theater”, goes to the regional center to hand over the microscope to the commission. The last remark of the carpenter Erin is full of Shakespearean depth: “He will sell. Yes ... you need fur coats. Okay, coats, okay. Nothing ... It is necessary, of course ... ”Sold.

The moral ideals of V. M. Shukshin are embodied in the characters of the heroes who inherited all the best that was characteristic of the Russian people. All of them strive to find their place in the life of the country, to find an application for their strength. The hero of the film story “Such a guy lives” Pashka Kolokolnikov lives as best he can, without thinking about how to live. But at the same time, he is full of attention to people, his active kindness is a manifestation of cordiality. In general, he lives not by reason, but by feeling, and his heart does not deceive him. Ivan Rastorguev is the guardian of the Russian land. Lyuba Baikalova (“Stoves and Benches”) combines intelligence, cordiality, loyalty to the moral principles of the family. She does not acquire in life, but retains the ideals of goodness, purity and sincerity.

The heroes of Shukshin constantly think about the eternal, about good and evil, about the meaning of life, the vocation of man. Many of them are prone to maximalism, not ready for compromises. They firmly believe in the reality of their ideal, they are ready to defend it to the last ("Space, the nervous system and shmat fat"). The search for truth for them begins with the knowledge of the world around them. The most active disputes begin when it comes to the role and purpose of a person in life, about his spiritual qualities and ways of self-improvement. They try to comprehend everything with their own mind, to learn from their own experience. His nature, his perception of reality are manifested in spiritual quests. They see the meaning of life in the harmony of the world and man.

Pop from the story "I Believe!" becomes a passionate lover of life, as if embodying the joy of elemental life. The terminally ill Sanya Neverov ("Strait") seeks to leave people his cherished thoughts, a good memory of himself. Shukshin's heroes find the meaning of life in harmony with the world, which is possible only when a person is open to people, responsive, ready to give others a part of his soul. V. M. Shukshin admires visionary heroes, a kind of “freaks” who perceive life poetically, striving to endow it with a legend, fill it with a fairy tale. Talented people are almost always generous. It is hard for them to struggle with everyday life, but they find support in love for all living things, for nature. Alyosha Beskonvoyny, the hero of the story of the same name, feels: “People are harder to love, but children and the steppe ... he loved more and more.” Only harmony, love, harmony make the world beautiful.

The task of a person is to get rid of selfishness, vanity, pettiness. But how to return the beautiful, if it is lost? Shukshin's maximalists demand an immediate solution to all problems. They live with a firm consciousness of their own righteousness, consider themselves entitled to teach people, and therefore often become lonely. Characters such as Knyazev, Kudryashov, Gleb Kapustin are not able to listen to the voice of another person, their intonation is always accusatory. They strive to make it better for other people, but they do not recognize the possibility of doubt, to seek the truth in something else. From his "expedient building" Knyazev ("Strokes to a portrait") expels the real life of ordinary people, the moral foundations of life, feelings of kindness and love. And gradually, in the personality of the hero, egoism and anger towards people are more and more clearly manifested. Naturally, other characters of the work reject his life system. In order to become a true bearer of the truth, Knyazev lacks kindness and humanity. The local educator Kudryashov ("Psychopath") looks like Knyazev. Both of these heroes are active, disinterested, even ready to suffer for their faith. They are in error, but they sincerely believe what they say. It can even be said that they become victims of life, because they absorb all the information pouring on them, they are under the hypnosis of other people's beautiful phrases, concepts, opinions. They strive to become intellectuals, but as a result, they not only do not become intellectuals, but also lose the best qualities that were inherent in them from the very beginning: respect for any work, trust in people. Their position among people becomes tragicomic.

Need a cheat sheet? Then save it - "Features of the folk character in the story" Microscope ". Literary writings!

Shukshin's story "Microscope" is studied in the sixth grade of high school as part of the literature program. As a rule, children are invited to read a few more works of the author along with this work. Subsequently, analyzing the stories, students need to find similar character traits of the main characters and their differences.

This article will give a summary of Shukshin's "Microscope" and give the characteristics of the characters. A similar analysis, but in a more concise form, will undergo the story "Space, the nervous system and the shmat of fat" in order to identify similar points in the storylines, as well as common ideas and character traits of the main characters.

family quarrel

The protagonist of the story, the carpenter Andrei Yerin, came home and told his wife about an unpleasant incident: he had lost money that he had withdrawn from a savings book. The wife, without thinking twice, decided to inflict reprisals on the guilty. She used two weapons: psychological (she scolded her husband for what it was worth and called him offensive nicknames - "Krivonosik" and "Well") and physical - she wielded a handle from a frying pan. Andrei tried to defend himself with a pillow, but all the same, strong blows achieved their goal.

He tried to influence his wife by persuasion. But his attempts to pity her did not lead to the desired result. She stopped only after she dealt a strong blow to Andrei's head, from which he grabbed the bruised place.

Zoya Erina realized that she had overdone it and, having finished the massacre of her husband, burst into tears. She began to lament that the funds withdrawn from the savings account were to be used for winter clothes for the children. After that, still hoping for a miracle, she asked her husband if he knew where he could leave the money. Andrey replied that he didn’t lose money at work, since he withdrew finances from the account after the end of the shift, and he didn’t go anywhere else, even to the pub, as his wife suggested. When the last hope was lost, the wife outlined the bleak prospect of his existence in the near future. He will work double shifts to make up for the loss.

In addition, Andrei must forget about his usual check of vodka after a bath. The husband calmly replied that he had already agreed on overtime work, and he was also ready to quit drinking. Here, the author of the story "Microscope" Vasily Shukshin gives readers a hint that the plot contains some kind of intrigue. He makes an important remark: Andrei let it slip, mentioning that he had already taken on an additional load at work. However, the protagonist of Shukshin's story "The Microscope" quickly realized his mistake and corrected the situation, explaining that after discovering the loss, he returned to the workshop.

Reward for hard work

Some time passed, and the passions in the Erin family subsided. The husband, as promised, worked in two shifts.

The wife of the main character in Shukshin's story "The Microscope", although at times she remembered the handle from the frying pan, nevertheless gradually softened. Once Andrey Yerin brought an unusual bundle from work. His appearance was very joyful. He opened the package and solemnly took out a microscope. When asked by his wife: where did he get this device from, he said that it was an award for labor merits.

Zoya asked, "What are you going to do about it?" To which her husband replied with some mockery: "Study the moon." At the same time, he exchanged glances with his son, who understood his humor and laughed.

Omnipresent microbes

The story "Microscope" by Shukshin continues with the following events. Andrey Erin asked his wife a question about what, in her opinion, she drinks every day. The wife replied that she was drinking water. To this, the protagonist of Shukshin's story "The Microscope" laughed and replied that she did not drink water, but microbes. He poured some liquid on the glass and began to examine. Andrey Erin followed with great enthusiasm the movement of molecules and harmful bacteria into the lens of an optical device. He broke away from an exciting activity only when his wife asked him to give a look to the children. Soon she herself became interested, and she, too, bent down to the mysterious lenses of the device. But, unlike her husband and children, she did not see anything special there.

Andrey Erin enthusiastically studied various liquids and objects. At the same time, his wife stood next to him and asked her son in a low voice: "Are microbes like specks that look like grease in soup?"

Striking change

The husband said caustically: “You yourself are a fat woman!” From this moment on, this hero of Shukshin’s story “Microscope” begins, according to the author, to turn into a real master of the house. His speech takes on a commanding tone. He becomes loud and quick-tempered. All his free time from work Andrei spends at the microscope.The thought that microbes are present on all the surrounding things, and even on people, does not give him rest.

Fighting harmful bacteria

Shukshin's story "The Microscope", briefly retold in this article, continues with the following events. One day, Andrey Yerin made his son run down the street, after which he studied a drop of sweat taken from his forehead. Numerous microbes were also present in this substance.

Frustrated by this state of affairs, the locksmith decided to subject a drop of his blood to the study. He pricked his finger and squeezed some of the red liquid onto the glass of the microscope.

The analysis showed that microbes are also present there. Erin was extremely excited. Andrei was sure that this was a bad sign. However, he asked his son not to tell his mother anything yet. He refused to study the blood of children - he was afraid to get an undesirable result. The thought of the presence of microbes in the bodies of people close to him frightened him.

Once he brought a thin needle from work, on which he tried to prick several harmful bacteria. His labors were not crowned with success. But he did not despair and said that you can try to influence the microbes with a current.

Service for the benefit of mankind

The protagonist of Shukshin's story "The Microscope" was captivated by the idea that if you learn how to destroy microbes, you can increase a person's life expectancy up to 120 years. He worked on the realization of his idea, sparing no effort. In his character, as already mentioned, there was a significant change.

From a henpecked character, this character turned into the head of the family. Doing what he loves - experimenting with bacteria, Andrey stopped drinking. Even the sight of his comrade, who came to visit him, being drunk, disgusted him.

Uninvited guest

This comrade was Erin's colleague - Sergey. He had already heard about the "scientific activity" of his friend and began to rant about what benefits he could bring to mankind. Sergei also said that Yerin would certainly be immortalized for his labors - a monument would be erected to him in the city.

From pride to disappointment

The uninvited guest, being in the Erins' house, continued drunken speeches about the importance of the scientific achievements of his colleague. Andrei's wife was also present. In the depths of her soul, she felt pride in her husband.

She was flattered that her husband was considered a great scientist. Zoya decided once again to focus the guest's attention on the microscope, which caused significant changes in the life of the family. She said: "We could give the bonus something more useful, like a refrigerator."

Sergei said that he did not understand what was at stake. They were not given any bonus. And it is unlikely that the company will ever reward anyone. It is foolish to expect this. Andrei tried to make a sign with his eyes that his drunken comrade should not talk about it. However, Sergei was in such a state that he could not perceive any hints. Erin realized that something irreparable had happened. This moment of Shukshin's short story "Microscope" is the culmination of the whole work. The wife understood. Andrei did not lose money, but bought an optical device for his research.

Final piece

The story ends with the fact that two friends, the heroes of Shukshin's Microscope, get very drunk, having borrowed money from friends. They don't show up at home all night. Andrei comes only after dinner. He is met by his son. He asks his father if he drank a lot of money here. He says that he spent a significant amount on alcohol. In turn, Andrei asks where his wife is. The child replies that she went to a thrift store. On the question of whether she swore, the boy answers in the negative - she did not swear. He said that he understood his father and his sadness that his mother would sell the microscope. Andrei sadly says that, most likely, it will be so. But he also recognizes the need to buy fur coats for the children for the winter.

Shukshin's story "Microscope": analysis

This work belongs to the genre of a short story, which abounds in the work of Vasily Makarovich Shukshin. Despite the fact that this author has written two novels, several screenplays and much more, some literary critics say that the story is one of the most significant phenomena in his work.

Many literary scholars in their writings turned to, for example,

The heroes of "Microscope", as well as the characters of other works, can be described as "freaks". That is how the main characters of his literary creations are called. This word denotes a person whose actions are beyond the understanding of ordinary average people. Andrey Erin can also be reckoned among the owners of this character. He, unlike his wife, who lives only with everyday worries and mundane interests, also has lofty aspirations. The story does not mention his life before the acquisition of the microscope, but it can be assumed that his wife did not allow him to pay attention to his own hobbies, explaining this by the fact that family needs are above all. Andrey Erin's character is dynamic. That is, it undergoes changes in the course of the development of the plot. From a weak-willed man who completely obeys the will of his wife, he turns into the owner of the house. This change occurs in parallel with the beginning of his "scientific research". It can even be said that the realization of creative potential contributed to the improvement of his personality. However, under the influence of unforeseen circumstances, he again becomes the former Andrei Erin.

The second most important hero of the story "Microscope" by V. M. Shukshin is Andrei's wife. She personifies the mundane world, the ideals of philistinism. The way she dealt with her husband when he lost money speaks of the rigidity of her character. However, in Shukshin's Microscope, as in many of his other works, the personality of each of the characters is not unipolar, but contains both positive and negative features.

Confirmation of this can be found at the end of the story: the wife did not swear and did not make scandals when it turned out that her husband had deceived her. It can be assumed that she realized that this act was committed under the influence of an irresistible craving for scientific research, and this circumstance aroused her respect. As for the compositional features of Shukshin's story "The Microscope", they can be characterized as follows.

There is no exposition in the work. The reader is immediately immersed in the cycle of ongoing events. The development of the plot is quite fast. The climax is the moment when Andrei's friend betrayed his secret. The author uses the method of indirect characteristics of the characters. That is, he does not give readers open comments about the personality traits of a particular hero. This can be judged by the actions that he performs.

In many of Shukshin's stories, the ending is open. The author does not talk about how further events developed, giving the reader the opportunity to think for himself about the options for subsequent incidents in the lives of the characters. This feature of the works, as well as the presence of numerous long dialogues and monologues, can be partly explained by the fact that Shukshin was a professional film director and built his stories according to the rules of scripts.

Clash of two elements

"Compare the fragments of Shukshin's stories "Microscope" and "Space, the nervous system and shmat fat," says one of the tasks in literature.

In the second story, a similar problem is raised - the clash of two worlds: the mundane, ordinary, philistine and sublime, creative. In Cosmos, eighth grade student Yurka rents a corner in an old man's house. The boy is interested in science. He enjoys doing his homework because he wants to become a surgeon.

The old man does not understand him, since doctors earn little. All the ideals of Naum Evstigneich are conditioned only by worldly needs, such as good food, alcohol, and so on. Yurka often gets into lengthy arguments with the old man about the role of science in modern society. He ardently defends the need for such research. His older comrade considers such an activity a waste of time, and all the information from the textbooks is a lie.

Nevertheless, he was interested in the story of a young lodger about Academician Pavlov, who, even in his dying state, thought about other people and, for the sake of developing science, wrote down information about what was happening to his body.

The old man asks to show him a photograph of a scientist who has committed such a heroic deed, and wonders if the scientist had any relatives.

This character in the story was distinguished by his greed. He sometimes lent Yurka food from his cellar, but he always asked to pay for them if possible. It was a surprise when, after talking about Pavlov, he suddenly brought the boy a piece of bacon completely free of charge.

One can draw a parallel with the story "Microscope", in which the protagonist's wife is a character similar to Naum Evstigneich from "Cosmos". There is also a kind of recognition of the importance of science. And we can say that the old man also understands the main character, like Zoya Erina's wife.

However, in both works, the main characters seek sympathy, but still they are not completely accepted by the outside world.

The problem of the collision of two different worldviews is not new to Russian literature. It was first mentioned in the nineteenth century in the works of such writers as Goncharov, Griboedov and others. In foreign literature, one can also find examples of addressing this problem. So, in the novel "Moon and a penny" the image of an artist who left his family for the sake of art is shown. He led a beggarly existence, wandered around the world, but was happy because he devoted himself to his favorite business - creating paintings.

Conclusion

The article provides a summary of one of the most famous stories by Vasily Makarovich Shukshin. This material can be useful for schoolchildren in preparing for lessons, as well as literature teachers.

For an ordinary citizen of our country, Vasily Makarovich Shukshin is, first of all, an actor and director. But the speech in our article will not be about his cinematic, but about literary achievements. The focus of our attention is the story written by Shukshin - "Microscope".

Loss of 120 rubles

It all starts with the fact that the main character - Andrey Erin - decides. True, what exactly is not entirely clear, since the first lines of the story tell of a family quarrel. The hero comes home and tells his wife that he lost 120 rubles (decent money in those days). She grabs the frying pan, he grabs the pillow. The scene of the clarification of marital relations, on the one hand, is funny, on the other, tragic.

The most interesting thing is that V. M. Shukshin ("The Microscope") reproduces in his story a certain archetype of a family quarrel in Russia. Even now, when we think of a picturesque marital showdown, a frying pan as a tool in the hands of a wife comes to mind.

Next we continue. And so they ran after each other until his wife hit Andrei on the head. Then it was decided that our hero would work for a month and a half without days off and thus patch up the family budget. Of course, he works at the factory, but where else?

Microscope

One day, Andrei brings home a microscope, or rather, a box with it, says that he was given a bonus at the plant for hard work. The wife complained: "It's a pity that it's not a vacuum cleaner." From now on and forever, a device for scientific research becomes the center of attraction for the whole family. Even the spouse is curious: what are they (father and son) looking for in this contraption?

What does V. M. Shukshin present to the reader? "Microscope" is a fantastically realistic work that truthfully describes the characters of people.

Bacteria attack!

Erin Sr. looked through the microscope all evening long and saw bacteria there in large numbers. He examined everything that was possible: ordinary and rain water, street dirt and even blood. His "scientific" research led to the conclusion: bacteria are everywhere! And scientists hide a terrible secret from people: bacteria do not allow a person to live for 160 years.

Suddenly, Andrei's colleague, Seryoga, appears in the house. He is drunk as an insole, shouting loudly to the whole hut that he also wants to look at microbes. The fame of Andrei as a scientist spread throughout the village. Wife is pleased that her Yerin is becoming a popular person. But then she talks about her regret that the awards at the plant are issued exclusively by microscopes, and not by vacuum cleaners. Sergey, whom Andrey did not have time to warn, made big eyes and asked: “What bonuses?”. The wife understood everything, but decided to briefly retell Andrei's story to her husband's colleague.

Of course there was a scandal. The friends went out to drink. They squandered 20 rubles - Andrei came home only at lunchtime the next day. My wife went to take the microscope to the commission. The apparatus, of course, will no longer be at home, but the children will have new fur coats for the winter.

What did V. M. Shukshin want to show us? "Microscope", the summary of which causes only a smile, unexpectedly ends on a moral note. The hero tells his son to study. By being literate, he will be able to live a more meaningful life than his father.

Is the story told by V. M. Shukshin true?

Someone, after reading "The Microscope" (Shukshin's story), will say that this is fantasy, and there are no such factory workers. We are afraid to disappoint the reader, but such people exist. Imagine that a person, by the will of fate, became who he is. It doesn't matter who - a factory worker or a train driver, but his spiritual beginning is alive and requires some kind of food for his being. In a similar way, such an eccentric with a microscope or a machinist who is fond of books on the history of Russia arises.

Existentialist philosophers say that a person can do anything, including overcoming the force of circumstances. Unfortunately, this is usually very difficult. Especially when a person has a desire to live his life in adulthood. For some people, self-awareness matures quite late. A person wants to live, spiritual aspiration rebels and demands a way out, and he already has a wife, children - a complete set. Therefore, he seeks salvation in wine, but does not find it.

V. M. Shukshin (“Microscope”, the content of which we examined a little earlier) forces us to analyze the moral side of the story. No wonder the writer decided to talk about an ordinary person. He tried to show, on the one hand, the comic nature of the position of such a hero, and on the other hand, the tragedy. There is nothing funny about a broken fate and broken dreams. Shukshin does not choose such a hero on a whim, he tries to draw the reader's attention to an ordinary, ordinary, unremarkable person in order to remind us of the aphorism of I. V. Goethe: “Every person is a whole world that is born with him and with him dies. Under every tombstone lies a world history."

Complementing the classics, I would like to say that a person is really a whole world, but inside he has a tragedy of unfulfilled desires and aspirations. That is why life is mostly sad, and not at all because death is present in it.

The full version of the story written by Shukshin ("Microscope") is recommended for reading by both adults and schoolchildren. Especially since it's small. It can be mastered in ten minutes.

1.1.1. What character traits of Andrey Erin appeared in the above fragment of V. M. Shukshin's story "Microscope"?

1.2.1. What genre features of the fable are present in the work of I. A. Krylov "The Pig under the Oak"?

Read the fragment of the work below and complete tasks 1.1.1-1.1.2.

For a week, probably, Andrey Erin lived like in a dream. He came home from work, washed himself thoroughly, had a quick supper... He looked askance at the microscope.

The fact is, he said, that a person is supposed to live one hundred and fifty years. The question is, why is he sixty, seventy at most - and stretched out his legs? Microbes! They, bastards, shorten the age of a person. They crawl into the body, and as soon as it weakens a little, they take over.

Together with their son, they sat for hours at the microscope, examined. They looked at a drop of water from a well, from a drinking bucket... When it was raining, they looked at a raindrop. The father also sent his son to take water from the puddle for a sample ... And there were swarming with these little white ones.

What the hell are they doing! .. Well, how to deal with the name? - Andrew dropped his hands. - A man stepped into a puddle, came home, inherited. Immediately a child passed with bare feet and, please, picked it up. And what is the body of a child!

Therefore, you should always wipe your feet, - the son noted. - You don't wipe.

Not in this case. You have to learn how to destroy them right in a puddle. And then - I'll wipe it off, I know now, and Senka von Marov ... prove to him: as you spanked, the fool, it will continue to be so.

They also examined a drop of sweat, for which the son ran down the street to exhaustion, then his father scraped moisture from his forehead with a spoon - they got a drop, leaned over to the microscope ...

There is! - Andrew with annoyance hit himself on the knee with his fist. - Go live a hundred and fifty years! .. In the skin and that is.

Let's try the blood, shall we? suggested the son.

Father pricked his finger with a needle, squeezed out a bright red berry of blood, shook it off on the mirror ... He leaned over the pipe and groaned.

Who? - the son did not understand.

Scientists. Their microscopes are better than ours - they see everything. And they are silent. They don't want to upset people. Why not say? Maybe all together they would have figured out how to destroy them. No, they agreed and are silent. Excitement, they say, will begin.

Andrey Yerin sat down on a stool and lit a cigarette.

From what small creature people are dying! - Andrey looked dead.

The son looked through the microscope.

Chasing friend after friend! These are a little different... Round ones.

All of them - round, long - all in the same suit. Don't tell your mother yet that we saw them in my blood.

Let's see me?

The father carefully looked at his son... Both curiosity and fear were reflected in the eyes of Erin Sr. His hands, worn out for many years - large, reeking of tar ... trembled a little on his knees.

No need. Maybe even with little ones ... Oh, you! Andrey got up, kicked a stool out of spite. - Lice, bedbugs, all sorts of larvae - they learned to remove it, but here some ... less than the smallest nits - and you can’t do anything! Where is your degree!

You can see the lice, but these ... How do you like them?

Father thought for a long time.

Turpentine?.. He won't take it. I suppose the vodka is stronger ... Well, I drink, but I saw what was happening in the blood!

Does vodka enter the bloodstream, or what?

But where? Why is a person stupid?

Once Andrei brought a long thin needle from work ... He washed himself, winked at his son, and they went into the upper room.

Let's try ... I sharpened the wire - maybe we can prick a couple.

The tip of the wire was thin, thin - just a hair. Andrey for a long time extended this tip into a drop of water. He puffed ... He even sweated.

They scatter, infections ... No, thick, do not prick. It is necessary to be thinner, but it is already impossible to do it thinner - not to do it. Okay, let's have dinner right now, let's try them with a current ... I grabbed a battery: we'll bring two wires and finish them. Let's see how they will be...

And then something unexpected happened during dinner: Sergei Kulikov, who worked with Andrei at Zagotzern, came in. On the occasion of Saturday, Sergei was tipsy, which is probably why he wandered into Andrey's - just like that.

Lately, Andrey had no time for drinking, and he was surprised to find that he disdains drunk people. They behave very stupidly and say all sorts of awkward words.

Sit down with us, - Andrei invited without any desire.

What for? We are here ... What do we need? We are in the corner!

“Well, why did you foolishly pretend to be an orphan of Kazan?”

As you wish.

Let me see the microbes

Andrei was alarmed.

What microbes? Go to sleep, Seryoga... I don't have any microbes. What are you hiding? Are you hiding weapons? Scientific business - My boy buzzed all my ears: Uncle Andrei wants to destroy all microbes. Andrei! .. - Sergey hit his chest with his fist, fixed a ferocious look at the "scientist". - We will cast a golden monument! .. We will glorify the whole world! And I worked next to you! .. Andryukha!

Zoya Erina, although she also could not stand drunks, nevertheless it was flattering that they were talking about her husband - a scientist. More from the habit of grumbling on occasion than from true feeling, she remarked:

Couldn't they have come up with something else? And that is a microscope. Now the man will go crazy - he does not sleep at night. What would it be - to award some kind of vacuum cleaner ... And then vacuum it - and there is nothing, we are not going to buy it in any way.

Who to award? Sergei didn't understand.

Andrey Erin went cold.

Yes, they gave out a prize ... This microscope ...

Andrei wanted to somehow - with his eyes - make Sergei understand that ... but where is it! He stared at Zoya like a ram.

What award?

Well, they gave you an award!

Zoya looked at her husband, at Sergei...

Did you get an award?

Wait, they will give out an award! They will catch up and give out once again. Prize...

And Andrey was given a microscope ... for shock work ... - The voice of Erina's wife fell to the point of horror - she understood everything.

They will give out! - the drunk Sergey was ruined in a corner. - Last month I closed one hundred and thirty percent of the outfits ... right? Andrey won't let you lie...

Everything collapsed in an instant and terribly rushed down into the abyss.

Andrei got up ... He took Sergei by the scruff of the neck and led him out of the hut. In the courtyard he hit him once on the back of the head, then asked:

Do you have three rubles? Until payday...

There is... Why did you hit me?

Let's go to the store. Kikimora you swamp! .. Why the hell are you drunk hanging out in the yards? .. Eh-h ... Chock you with eyes.

That night Andrey Erin spent the night with Sergey. They got drunk with him to the point of snot. They drank their money, borrowed from someone else until payday.

Only the next day, for dinner, Andrey showed up home ... His wife was not there.

Where is she? - asked the son.

I went to the city, to this ... like her ... to the commission shop.

Andrei sat down at the table, leaned on his hands. I sat like that for a long time.

Cursed?

No, yes, a little. How much did you drink?

Twelve rubles. Ah, Petka... son... - Andrei Yerin, without raising his head, grimaced bitterly, gritted his teeth. - Is that the point? You won't understand because of your smallness... you won't understand...

I understand: she will sell it.

Will sell. Yes ... Fur coats are needed. Okay, coats, okay. Nothing ... It is necessary: ​​winter is coming soon. Learn, Petka! Andrew raised his voice. - On all fours, but crawl into science - a great thing. Do you have any change in your piggy bank?

No, said Petka. Maybe he lied.

Well, okay, - agreed Andrew. - Learn to know. And never drink... Yes, they don't drink, scientists. What should they drink? They have enough business without it.

Andrey sat still, nodding his head sadly... And he went to the upper room to sleep.

V. M. Shukshin "Microscope"

Read the work below and complete tasks 1.2.1-1.2.2.

I. L. Krylov

1.1.2. What is the essence of the conflict underlying the story of V. M. Shukshin "Microscope"?

1.2.2. What vices, besides ignorance, are denounced in the fable "The Pig under the Oak"?

Explanation.

1.1.2. Andrey Erin spent money to buy a microscope that was completely useless to him. Of course, he may seem like an eccentric. But if you think about it, what did a microscope mean to a carpenter? Sounds like it's just a waste of money. But in fact, the microscope testifies that some idea is ripening in Andrey Erin's head. Apparently, Andrei is close to living within the framework of a gray and dull everyday life. Such a small joy, like a microscope, was in fact necessary for a person who was tired of the usual and rather boring fuss. This is the conflict at the heart of the story.

1.2.2. A pig cannot see beyond its nose. This is an image that makes fun of the laziness and ignorance of people. Krylov chose this particular animal for a reason. We all know a certain feature of pigs - they are not able to raise their heads up. It is this quality that makes it possible to ridicule a person who not only does not want to listen and know anything, but is no longer capable of this.

Explanation.

1.1.1. The hero of the story Andrey Erin continues the gallery of Shukshin's "freaks". "Freaks" by V. Shukshin by their existence and actions refute the usual ideas about man and life. They are visionaries and dreamers. Moreover, the heroes of Shukshin dream of unattainable things: the invention of a cure for cancer, ridding the world of microbes, etc. The protagonist of the story "Microscope" is really a little man with his eccentricities. His “wonder” is that he especially thinks, feels in a special way, therefore he performs unusual and unexpected actions in familiar situations. But with them, he evokes in the reader not a strict, categorical, harsh, but, on the contrary, a reverent, kind and warm attitude towards himself. The weirdo is perceived as a simple person, understandable and close to many of us.

1.2.1. A fable is a poetic or prose literary work of a moralizing, satirical nature. At the end of the fable there is a brief moralizing conclusion - the so-called morality. The characters are usually animals, plants, things, the vices of people are ridiculed. In Krylov's fable "The Pig under the Oak" the Pig, the Raven, the Oak become the heroes. This, of course, is an allegory - allegory - one of the characteristic features of the fable. In the image of the Pig, human vices are ridiculed: ignorance, greed, the inability to see beyond one's own nose. Raven is a character who tries to reason with a pig in his naivety and does not understand that the pig is unlikely to listen to him, and if he does listen, he is unlikely to hear. Oak reflects the image of a wise man, rather even an old man who does not try to set the true pig on the path, but only speaks the truth in his hearts. Through his mouth, Krylov conveys to us the moral of the fable The Pig under the Oak.

"Shukshin Vasily Makarovich" - It was very interesting and informative, we learned a lot about the life and life of the Shukshin family. In 1954, he entered the directing department of the All-Russian Institute of Cinematography, which he graduated in 1960. The first place of work for Vasily Shukshin was the Soyuzprommekhanizatsiya trust, which belonged to the Moscow office.

“The Life of Shukshin” - Here I will run up the heavenly hill And, illuminated by the joy of the day, I will cry out: - People! At a lake. Maria Sergeevna Shukshina with three-year-old Vasya. A soldier came from the front. Years of service in the Baltic fleet (1949-1953). Years of study at VGIK. Vasily Shukshin is 16 years old. Siberian edge. The house where V.M. Shukshin.

"Works of Shukshin" - Hypothesis. Relevance. Conclusion. The content of the work: Chapter one: "Methods and techniques of nomination in the work of Shukshin V.M." Structure of the work: The hypothesis is not contradictory and provable. Thank you for your attention! The use of colloquial and colloquial nominations and role type nominations as a means of character identification.

"Shukshin Altai" - The grave of P. S. Popov - the godfather of Shukshin in the village of Aya. Topic: "Shukshin in our village." Holiday dedicated to the 80th anniversary of V. M. Shukshin "Kalina Krasnaya is sad about Shukshin." Oshchepkov Nikolay Eremeevich. Vasily Makarovich Shukshin. Popov Pavel Sergeevich (on the left in the first row) is the god uncle of V. M. Shukshin. Governor of the Altai Territory A. B. Karlin in the study-museum of V. M. Shukshin.

"Writer Shukshin" - The birthplace of the writer is the village of Srostki. School in Srostki. The writer's wife is an actress L. Fedoseeva-Shukshina. At the writer's house. House of V.M. Shukshin in Srostki. V.M. Shukshin - actor, director, writer ... All-Russian Museum-Reserve of V.M. Shukshin. Daughter Masha. A monument on Mount Piket in Srostki, where the writer liked to visit. Daughter Masha and granddaughter of Light.

"Shukshin lessons" - What remains incomprehensible? What seemed funny, strange, scary? Shukshin - director, actor. Vasily Makarovich Shukshin (1929 - 1974). Rosa is behind the counter. Epigraph to the lesson. From the working notes of V.M. Shukshin (Questions to myself. - M., 1981). Viktor Astafiev. Because the significance of the artist Shukshin is not yet fully understood by us.

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