How good are you about the sea night analysis. Analysis of Tyutchev's poem "How good you are, O night sea ...

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The poem illustrates to us an unusually sensitive perception of the natural world, yes, namely the world, because for the poet nature is a special space that is not accessible to a simple mind, it has its own mysterious life. Therefore, the author’s favorite technique is the spiritualization of the natural elements:

In the moonlight, as if alive,
It walks and breathes and it shines...

The poet understood the hidden language of nature, in it he found, along with some violent movement, many sounds, noises accompanying him. The poet also represented the sea in a merger of seemingly completely incommensurable colors: "it's radiant here, it's gray-dark there" or "a dull radiance drenched in the sea" There is a kind of overlay of shades, tones, as in watercolor technique. This, undoubtedly, testifies to the great genius of Tyutchev. Together with the riot, the dynamics of nature, he captured its divine tranquility - nature, as a living being, is extremely unpredictable and this will captivate the author ...

You are a great swell, you are a sea swell,
Whose holiday are you celebrating like this?

The poet twice calls the sea element "swell"- it contains unspeakable space, and infinity, eternity, such incomprehensibility that any person takes their breath away, the soul instantly opens up to the unprecedented harmony of the natural world and so you want, sincerely want to merge with this majestic, even domineering, mother nature:

Oh, how willingly in their charm
I would drown my whole soul ...

With dots, the author shows both his excitement and his uncontrollable delight, but also bitterness, longing from the feeling of his own loneliness, from the understanding that that world of elements, song and beauty is still inaccessible to man, just as the language of animals and the language of the entire universe are inaccessible, even though a person is in close contact with them.

The human being has always strived and will continue to strive to comprehend the highest truth, and for Tyutchev it consisted precisely in the knowledge of nature, in becoming one harmoniously harmonious whole-unity with it. Tyutchev, the creator of an amazing talent, could not only hear and understand the language of nature, but also reflect its lively, rich, vibrant life in his poetically perfect works, shape it into a concise and clear form. For me F.I. Tyutchev is one of the most brilliant poet-philosophers and simply a man of extraordinary spiritual beauty.

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This work was written in 1865, when the poet's spiritual wound from the loss of his beloved woman was still too fresh. We are talking about Elena Aleksandrovna Denisyeva, Tyutchev's romance with which lasted 14 years. Tyutchev was very upset by the death of his beloved. It is a known fact that during his lifetime he compared Elena with a sea wave. It is the appeal to the sea on “you” that gives reason to assume that the text of Tyutchev’s poem “How good you are, about the night sea ..” are words dedicated to the beloved woman. The sea is presented by the poet as a living being, it breathes and walks. The word "swell", which the author calls the depths of the sea, gives the poem a note of hopelessness. He passionately desires to dissolve in this stormy element and drown his soul here. The poet contemplates the mysterious surface of the night sea and feels lost in this world.

This fine example of Russian literature can be taught in the classroom or left for independent study by students as homework. You can download it in full, and if necessary, read it in full online, on our website.

How good are you, O night sea, -
Here it is radiant, there it is gray-dark ...
In the moonlight, as if alive,
It walks and breathes and it shines...

In the endless, in the free space
Shine and movement, roar and thunder ...
The sea drenched in a dull radiance,
How good, you are in the wilderness of the night!

You are a great swell, you are a sea swell,
Whose holiday are you celebrating like this?
Waves are rushing, thundering and sparkling,
Sensitive stars look from above.

In this excitement, in this radiance,
All, as in a dream, I'm lost standing -
Oh, how willingly in their charm
I would drown my whole soul ...

Behind the lines of many landscapes, F. And Tyutchev hid his feelings. This feature of creativity was reflected in the poem, which is described in the article. At school it is studied in the 11th grade. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with a brief analysis of “How good you are, O night sea” according to the plan.

Brief analysis

History of creation- the work was written in the winter of 1865, at first it was published in the newspaper Den, but Tyutchev did not like the editorial changes. The poet published another version of the poem in Russkiy vestnik. Both versions saw the world in 1865.

Theme of the poem- the beauty and sound of the night sea.

Composition- The poem is not divided into semantic parts, presenting a holistic description of the sea element. The formal organization is four quatrains.

Genre- elegy.

Poetic size- three-foot dactyl, cross rhyme ABAB.

Metaphors – “walks, and breathes, and it shines”, “the stars look from above”, “I would drown my soul in their charm.”

epithets– sea "radiant", "gray-dark", "dull glow", "desertion of the night", "sensitive stars".

Comparisons- sea, "as if alive."

History of creation

To understand the meaning hidden between the descriptions of the sea element, one should turn to the history of the creation of the poem. Fyodor Ivanovich wrote it in memory of Elena Denisyeva. The poet's beloved died in 1864. The death of a woman was a heavy blow for Tyutchev. He tried to quench his pain by talking about Denisyeva and writing poetry. It is known that the poet compared Elena with a sea wave. By this fact, literary critics explain the appeal to the sea on "you", which we see in the first line of the analyzed work.

The poem was first published in 1865 in the literary and political newspaper The Day. F. Tyutchev was outraged that the editors published the text with their own corrections. The poet once again published the work (the version without editorial corrections) on the pages of Russkiy Vestnik in 1865.

Topic

In the first lines, the man turns to the sea, noticing that it is extraordinary at night. Sea expanses closer to the shore beckon with their radiance, and distant waters frighten with a gloomy gray-dark light. It seems to the lyrical hero that the sea is a living creature that can walk and breathe.

In the second stanza, the hero admires the power of the elements. It is constantly moving, making a roar and thunder. The man is especially pleased that at night there is not a soul near the sea. Stars watch the rumbling and sparkling movement of the sea. Calm heavenly bodies are the exact opposite of waves. This contrast emphasizes the rebellious nature of free waters.

The last quatrain conveys the inner state of the lyrical hero. He admits that he is fascinated by the waves, feels among them, as in a dream. Apparently, the hero’s heart is heavy, as he happily agrees to drown her in the sea.

There are many examples of seascape lyrics in literature. A feature of Tyutchev's poem is the close interlacing of landscape motifs and experiences of the lyrical hero.

Composition

The poem is not divided into semantic parts, presenting a holistic monologue of the lyrical hero, describing the beauty of the sea. Formally, the work consists of four quatrains.

Genre

The genre is elegy, so sad notes are clearly manifested in the seascape. There are also elements of the message in the poem: an appeal to the sea. The poetic size is a three-foot dactyl. The lines are combined with a cross rhyme ABAB.

means of expression

To convey the inner state of the lyrical hero and reproduce the beauty of the sea, Fedor Ivanovich used artistic means. The text has metaphors- “walks, and breathes, and it shines”, “stars look from above”, “in their charm I would drown my whole soul”; epithets- the sea is “radiant”, “gray-dark”, “dull glow”, “desertion of the night”, “sensitive stars”; comparison- the sea, "as if alive."

The sound of sea waves is transmitted by alliteration"z", "s", "w", "r": "in the free space, shine and movement, roar and thunder". The emotions of the lyrical hero are emphasized by intonation.

Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev - poet-philosopher, poet-psychologist. A feature of Tyutchev's lyrics about nature is the poet's ability to depict nature as a living, spiritualized, many-sided world, the world of the unity of man and nature.

The purpose of my work is to comprehend the philosophical meaning of the poem “How good you are, O night sea”, to identify the expressive means by which the author expresses this meaning.

The sea attracts with its unpredictability, originality. It can be both calm and stormy. The sea leaves no one indifferent, which is why I chose F.I. Tyutchev’s poem “How good you are, O night sea” for analysis.

Tyutchev's world of nature is based on the world of the elements. In the poem "A. A. Fetu” the poet defines his poetic gift as the property “to smell, hear the waters”. The poet's favorite element is the "water element".

This poem is about the night sea, its beauty, infinity. Looking at him, the lyrical hero experiences excitement, joy, confusion. He wants to drown his soul in the charm of the waves, to become a particle of the sea. One can talk about parallelism in the description of the landscape and the state of the lyrical hero in the first stanza: “In the moonlight, like a living thing, it walks and breathes, and it shines,” and in the fourth: “In this excitement, in this radiance, All as in a dream I'm lost."

Compositionally, the poem consists of two parts.

Part I - 1-3 stanzas - a detailed image of the night sea.

Part II - 4th stanza - human feelings.

The lyrical hero does not observe the seascape from the shore, but is depicted as part of this nature: a landscape painted by Tyutchev inside and outside of a person.

In this excitement, in this radiance,

All as in a dream, I'm lost

The desire of the hero comes down to only one thing: to find complete harmony with nature, to merge with it together:

Oh, how willingly in their charm

I would drown my whole soul

This is, in my opinion, the main idea of ​​the poem.

The beginning of the poem is characteristic of Tyutchev: “How good you are, O night sea” opens with a metaphorical image of the night sea. In the first stanza, the characteristic images of Tyutchev's poetry: night, moon, stars, sleep. In order to feel the full depth of these lines, I imagine a picture: the sea in the moonlight, billowing waves

Analyzing the "dictionary" at the lexical and morphological levels, I made the following conclusions:

Abstract nouns: space, radiance, emptiness, swell, excitement, sleep, charm, holiday, soul, height help to convey the state of nature and man.

And adjectives, among which the key ones are infinite, free, great, in combination with the noun "space" creates the image of something immense, big, boundless.

Tyutchev has unexpected epithets and metaphors. Here, too, the glow of the night sea is called dim.

There are many pronouns in the poem, more than half of them are personal (you, it, I them). They give the poem emotion and sincerity.

For the poet, nature is a special space that is not accessible to the human mind; it has its own mysterious life. Therefore, the author's favorite technique is the spiritualization of the natural element, its humanization:

In the moonlight, as if alive,

Walks and breathes and shines

In another poem, Tyutchev says about nature: “It has a soul, it has freedom, / It has love, it has a language” (“Not what you think, nature”). Nature as a living being is extremely unpredictable and this captivates the author.

The comparison “as if alive” emphasizes Tyutchev’s idea of ​​nature as a living being:

In the moonlight, as if alive,

The personification is also confirmed by the verbs: walks, breathes, shines:

Walks and breathes and shines

And the stars are sensitive (an epithet), like a living human soul. Of course, the animation of nature is quite common in poetry. “But for Tyutchev, these are not just metaphors and personifications; he accepted the living color of nature and understood his fantasy, but as truth, ”wrote V.S. Solovyov.

The verb forms rattling and sparkling reinforce the motif of the raging elements.

The verb “shines” can be called “color”, and together with “color” adjectives: radiant, gray-dark, lunar, dull, they help to visualize the picture of the night sea.

The comparison “like in a dream” creates the impression of unusual, I would even say, fantastic nature of what is happening: “In this excitement, in this radiance, All, as in a dream, I stand lost.” This fantasticness is created by light and brilliance. This confirms the lexical series: radiant, in the moonlight (3 times), shines, shine, sparkling, stars.

I draw attention to the high-style words “shine”, “radiant”. They create the solemnity of the moment.

The lexical repetition “how good you are” conveys the enthusiastic, joyful mood of the lyrical hero. He is fascinated by the night scenery. Together with him, the stars are watching the sea from above: "Sensitive stars look from above" Tyutchev's favorite vertical movement from the sky. They admire what is happening on earth. The motif of earth and sky is often found in Tyutchev's poems. There are two infinities - heavenly and sea. The space is open vertically, and two infinities are connected by the presence of a person: “In this excitement, in this radiance, All, as in a dream, I am lost standing”

The poet twice calls the sea element "swell" \. Swell - light ripples on the water surface. But it is great, that is, something can and does arise from it, as with Tyutchev: the sea swell becomes the sea element. It has indescribable space, and infinity, eternity, such incomprehensibility that any person takes their breath away, the soul instantly opens up to the unprecedented harmony of the natural world and so wants, sincerely wants to merge into one with this majestic, even domineering, mother nature:

Oh, how willingly in their charm

I would drown my whole soul

"Great swell, sea swell"

Here "great" and "marine" as contextual synonyms.

I draw attention to the line: “here it is radiant, there it is gray-dark”

Short adjectives denote a variable sign, the sign "now", in combination with "opposite" adverbs "here - there" emphasize the variability of the sea, its changing essence.

It is impossible not to notice the combination of the words "you are celebrating the holiday." In this case, tautology is a stylistic device that enhances the reality of speech.

“Tautological combinations in the text stand out against the background of other words; this makes it possible, resorting to tautology, to pay attention to especially important concepts.

The anaphora “how” with the meaning “to what extent, to what extent” and its promotion to the first place indicates the admiration of the lyrical hero for the seascape.

The image of a moving, surging sea is created by the alliteration [g] and [r] convey a roar, movement, and [s] - creates noise. Indeed, one can hear a noise similar to thunder. Hissing also perform an onomatopoeic function. They are sometimes called "dark" consonants. They correspond to the general color background of the poem, because Tyutchev's sea is at night. And the assonance [o] is associated with the sea, waves.

The sound organization of the text (according to Zhuravlev's table) "works" to create the main image of the poem - the sea. The predominance of sounds and, w + w, s create the color scheme of the sea. I - blue, light blue; u + u - dark blue, blue-green; s is black.

I come to the conclusion that the sea near Tyutchev is either light blue, blue-green, when it is in the moonlight and in the radiance of stars, then dark blue, when it is “drenched in a dull glow”, and even black when the waves rush, rage, are worried.

An expressive stylistic figure, polyunion, is used for intonational and logical underlining of the distinguished phenomena. Usually the coordinating conjunctions and are repeated. We read from Tyutchev: “Shine and movement, and roar, and thunder”; “and breathes and shines”; "thundering and flashing". Thus, the union shows a moving, changing element.

And the repetition of the particle would enhance the desire of the lyrical hero to merge with the sea element.

The 3rd stanza is in the nature of a direct appeal to the sea. “Against the background of various syntactic means of address, it stands out for its expressive coloring. The emotional sound of the address in the poetic text often reaches a vivid pictorial power. In addition, when addressing, epithets are often used, and they themselves are tropes - metaphors. Tyutchev’s appeals are supplemented with the epithets “sea of ​​the night”, “the sea drenched with a dull glow”, and the metaphor “you are great swell, you are sea swell”. Their expression is emphasized by the interjection "o".

The inversion “of the night sea” “puts forward” key words and enhances the impression of a moving element: “Walks, and breathes, and it shines”

An interrogative sentence with an appeal: “Swell, you are great, you are a sea swell, / Whose holiday are you celebrating like this?” sounds like a frank conversation between a lyrical hero and the elements of the sea and is aimed at comprehending the meaning of being. And the exclamation - "how good you are in the solitude of the night!" reinforces the motive of admiration and the desire to be a part of it.

Night, according to Tyutchev, is no less good than day; the stars shine brightly at night (“sensitive stars look from above”) and there are often revelations (the entire 4th stanza).

The sensitive soul of the lyrical hero listens to everything that happens on the night sea. The sea enchants, hypnotizes, puts you to sleep.

I was attracted by the form of the verb “sank” in the second meaning: also what to destroy. I come to the conclusion: the lyrical hero is so fascinated by the “swell of the sea” holiday that he is ready to destroy himself for the sake of a moment to become a part of this holiday.

"Shine and movement, rumble and thunder" are denominative sentences. Verbs in stanza II are not needed, their role is played by nouns. They create a dynamic picture.

Nekrasov noted Tyutchev's extraordinary ability to "catch" precisely those features by which a given picture can arise and be drawn by itself in the reader's imagination. Dots and dashes give the reader the opportunity to complete it. The ellipsis hides and complements the state of the lyrical hero, which cannot always be expressed in words. This is excitement, and uncontrollable delight, and bitterness, longing from the impossibility of physical merging with the sea element.

Conclusion. Conclusions.

Analyzing the poem, I come to the conclusion: expressive means of all levels of the language "work" for the main idea of ​​the poem: admiration for the night sea and the desire to merge with it.

We look at the sea through the eyes of Tyutchev, the lyrical hero is between two abysses and does not just peer into a natural phenomenon, but is imbued with the whole soul with the state of the elements, it is internally close and understandable to man, akin to him.

The analysis of language levels helped me to better understand the meaning of Tyutchev's poem, to "see" the picture of the seascape. Tyutchev's nature has many faces, full of sounds and colors.

The human being has always striven and will continue to strive to comprehend the highest truth, and for Tyutchev it consisted precisely in the knowledge of nature, in becoming one harmonious whole-unity with it. Tyutchev, the creator of an amazing talent, could not only hear and understand the language of nature, but also reflect its lively, rich, vibrant life in his poetically perfect works, clothe it in a concise and clear form.

The peculiarity of creating the image of the sea in the analyzed poem is the image of nature not from the outside, not as an observer. The poet and his lyrical hero are trying to understand the "soul" of nature, to hear her voice, to connect with her.

Tyutchev's nature is a rational, living being. We learn from Tyutchev to understand it, feelings and associations arise in our soul, born from the lines of the poet.

“How good you are, O night sea ...” Fyodor Tyutchev

How good are you, O night sea, -
Here it is radiant, there it is gray-dark ...
In the moonlight, as if alive,
It walks and breathes and it shines...

In the endless, in the free space
Shine and movement, roar and thunder ...

How good, you are in the wilderness of the night!

You are a great swell, you are a sea swell,
Whose holiday are you celebrating like this?
Waves are rushing, thundering and sparkling,
Sensitive stars look from above.

In this excitement, in this radiance,
All, as in a dream, I'm lost standing -
Oh, how willingly in their charm
I would drown my whole soul ...

Analysis of Tyutchev's poem "How good you are, O night sea ..."

The first version of the poem "How good you are, O night sea ..." appeared on the pages of the literary and political newspaper Den in 1865. After the publication, Tyutchev expressed dissatisfaction. According to him, the editors printed the text of the work with a number of distortions. So there was a second version of the poem, which became the main one. Readers got acquainted with her in the same 1865 thanks to the magazine "Russian Messenger".

The work is dedicated to the memory of Elena Alexandrovna Denisyeva, Tyutchev's beloved, who died in August 1864 from tuberculosis. The death of an adored woman, an affair with which lasted for fourteen years, the poet experienced extremely hard. According to contemporaries, he did not seek to hide from the people around him the strongest pain of loss. Moreover, Fedor Ivanovich was constantly looking for interlocutors with whom one could talk about Denisyeva. According to some literary critics, it is the dedication to Elena Alexandrovna that explains the appeal of the lyrical hero to the sea on “you” in the first quatrain. A well-known fact - the poet compared his beloved woman with a sea wave.

The poem is divided into two parts. First, Tyutchev draws a seascape. The sea in his image, like nature in general, appears animated, spiritualized. Personifications are used to describe the picture that opens before the lyrical hero: the sea walks and breathes, the waves rush, the stars look. The second part of the work is quite short. In the last quatrain, the poet tells about the feelings experienced by the lyrical hero. He dreams of merging with nature, completely immersing himself in it. This desire is largely due to Tyutchev's passion for the ideas of the German thinker Friedrich Schelling (1775-1854). The philosopher claimed the animation of nature, believed that it has a "world soul".

The works of Fedor Ivanovich, dedicated to nature, in most cases represent a declaration of love for her. It seems to the poet an indescribable pleasure to be able to observe its various manifestations. Tyutchev equally likes to admire the June night, the May thunderstorm, the snow-covered forest, and so on. Often he expresses his attitude to nature with the help of exclamatory sentences expressing delight. This can also be seen in this poem:
The sea drenched in a dull radiance,
How good you are in the emptiness of the night!