The first "human" language: what was it? The most ancient languages ​​on earth.

one of the greatest mysteries of human existence. Why are only people, unlike all other species of living beings living on Earth, able to communicate through language? How did the language come about? Scientists have been trying to answer these questions for many years, but so far have not found acceptable answers, although they have put forward countless theories; some of these theories will be discussed in this article.

Human language: arose whether it evolved from simple sounds made by animals, or was given to humans

God? Everyone agrees that language is the main feature that distinguishes humans from other biological species. Our children master the skills of oral speech, barely reaching the age of four; if a child at the age of four cannot speak, then this is a consequence of a congenital or acquired pathology. In general, the gift of speech is inherent in all people - and none of the other living beings that inhabit the Earth. Why is it that only humanity has the ability to communicate verbally, and how did we acquire this ability?

First experiments and scientific hypotheses.

Even in ancient Egypt, people thought about which language is the most ancient, that is, they posed the problem language origin.
The foundations of modern theories of the origin of the language were laid by ancient Greek philosophers.
By looking at they were divided into two scientific schools - supporters of the "fuses" and adherents of the "theses".
Theory "fusei"(fusei - Greek. " by nature") defended the natural, "natural" nature of the language and, consequently, the natural, biological conditionality of its occurrence and structure. Supporters of the natural origin of the names of objects, in particular, Heraclitus of Ephesus(535-475 BC), believed that the names were given by nature, since the first sounds reflected the things that the names correspond to. Names are shadows or reflections of things. The one who names things must discover the correct name created by nature, but if this fails, then he only makes noise.

Supporters t theories of "Tesey"(thesei - Greek. " by establishment") among which were Democritus of Abder(470/460 - the first half of the 4th century BC) and Aristotle from Stagira (384-322 BC), argued the conditional nature of the language, not related to the essence of things, and, therefore, artificiality, in extreme terms - the conscious nature of its occurrence in society. Names come from the establishment, according to custom, of an agreement between people. They pointed to many inconsistencies between a thing and its name: words have several meanings, the same concepts are denoted by several words. If the names were given by nature, it would be impossible to rename people, but, for example, Aristocles with the nickname Plato (“broad-shouldered”) went down in history.

Scientists have put forward dozens of hypotheses about how people overcame obstacles to appearance of language; most of these hypotheses are very speculative and differ significantly from each other.

The theory of the emergence of language from sounds.

Many biologists and linguists who support the idea of ​​evolution from protozoa to humans believe that language gradually developed from the sounds and noises made by animals. With the development of human intelligence, people managed to make more and more sounds; Gradually, these sounds turned into words, which were assigned meanings.
One way or another, sounds designed to express emotions are very different from those used to convey concepts. Therefore, the probability origin of human language from the sounds made by animals is extremely small.

The theory of creating language by the power of the human mind

Some scholars have suggested that humans somehow created language through their minds. According to their theory, as man evolved, the intellectual abilities of people grew continuously and eventually allowed people to begin to communicate with each other. This assumption also seems very logical, but most scientists and linguists deny this possibility. In particular, Dwight Bolinger, a scientist and linguist who has studied the language abilities of chimpanzees, says:

“It's worth asking why all the life forms that inhabit the Earth had to wait millions of years before Homo did it [created language]. Is it really because a certain level of intelligence had to appear first? But how could this happen if intelligence is entirely dependent on language? Language could not possibly be a precondition for emergence of language».

The level of intelligence cannot be measured without the help of language. So the hypothesis about the appearance of language as a result of the development of the human mind is unfounded and unprovable.
Among other things, scientists cannot prove that a developed intellect is necessary for a language. Thus, we can conclude that we owe our ability to communicate in language not to our highly developed intellect.

The theory of the sudden emergence of language

Some scientists believe that the language appeared in people suddenly, without visible prerequisites for its origin. They believe that the language was originally laid down in a person, and people at a certain stage of evolution simply discovered this feature in themselves and began to use words and gestures to communicate and transmit information, gradually expanding their vocabulary. Adherents of the theory of the sudden appearance of language argue that people acquired the gift of speech as a result of a random rearrangement of DNA sections in the process of evolution.

According to this theory, language and everything necessary for communication existed before man discovered them. But this means that the language as such arose quite by accident and was not conceived as an integral system. Meanwhile, the language is a complex logical system, the highest level of organization of which simply does not allow one to believe in its random occurrence. And even if this theory can be considered as a model for the emergence of language, it cannot be considered an acceptable explanation for the origin of such, since such a complex structure as language could not have arisen by itself, without a creator.

Sign language theory

This theory was put forward Etienne Condillac, Jean Jacques Rousseau and German psychologist and philosopher Wilhelm Wundt(1832-1920), who believed that language is formed arbitrarily and unconsciously.
According to this theory, as humans have evolved, they have gradually developed sign systems because they have discovered that the use of signs can be beneficial. At first, they did not seek to convey any ideas to others; the person simply performed some action, the other saw it and then repeated this action. For example, one person tries to move some object, but he himself is unable to do it; the other sees these efforts and comes to his aid. As a result, the person realized to himself: in order for him to be helped to move something, a gesture depicting a push is enough.

The most serious shortcoming of this theory is that, despite countless attempts, none of its adherents has ever been able to offer an acceptable scenario for adding sounds to gestures.
Gestures as an auxiliary means of communication continue to be used by modern man. Non-verbal (non-verbal) means of communication, including gestures, studies paralinguistics as a separate discipline of linguistics.

Theory of onomatopoeia

This hypothesis was put forward in 1880 Max Miiller(Miiller), but even he himself considered it not very plausible. According to one hypothesis, initially the words had a sound similarity with the concepts they expressed (onomatopoeia). For example, the concept of "dog" was initially expressed by the interjection "bow-wow" or "yaw-yaw", and sounds resembling bird chirping or croaking were associated with the birds that made them. Actions were indicated by the sounds that people made when performing these actions; for example, eating was conveyed by champing, and lifting a heavy stone by strained hooting.

Miiller's theory would seem quite logical, but in all the languages ​​of our time, the sound of words has nothing to do with the "sound image" of the concepts they express; and in the ancient languages ​​studied by modern linguists, there was nothing of the kind.

Obstacles to the emergence of language in an evolutionary way

It seems reasonable to many to think that people could have invented signs and words for simple things and actions, but how did people invent syntax? There is no way a man can say, "Give me food," if all the words he has are "food" and "I." Syntax is such a complex system that people wouldn't be able to "discover" it by accident. For the emergence of syntax, an intelligent creator was required, but a person could not be this creator, since he would not be able to convey his discovery to others. We do not think of our speech without a metalanguage - a set of auxiliary words that do not have a lexical meaning, but determine the meanings of other words. There is no way people could, by sheer chance, begin to use and understand these words.

A person cannot communicate his thoughts to another without resorting to syntactic constructions; speech without syntax is reduced to exclamations and orders.
In addition, evolutionists fail to explain the patterns of changes that have occurred in languages ​​since the advent of writing, which has preserved these changes for modern linguists. The most ancient languages ​​- Latin, Ancient Greek, Hebrew, Sanskrit, Phoenician, Ancient Syriac - are much more difficult than any of the modern languages. Everyone who comes across these languages ​​these days will admit without hesitation that they are definitely more complicated and harder to learn than the current ones. Languages ​​never got more complicated than they were; on the contrary, over time they only became simpler. However, this is in no way consistent with the theory of biological evolution, according to which everything that exists has become more complicated over time.

Language Creation Theory

Traditions similar to the story of the Tower of Babel have been noted among the most isolated peoples of all continents. They can be divided into three types: the first speaks of a large construction, without mentioning the division of languages ​​(the peoples of Africa, India, Mexico, Spain, Burma); Oral chronicles of the second type set out their versions of the origin of languages ​​without mentioning construction (the peoples of Ancient Greece, Africa, India, Australia, the USA, Central America), and stories of the third type, like the Bible, combine these two events.

It is clear from the biblical account of Creation that language existed even before God began to create this world. Language was one of the ways of communication of the Most Holy Trinity - the hypostases of the Triune God.
The history of mankind allows Christians to claim that language exists as long as God exists, and according to the Bible, God exists forever.

"In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. The earth was formless and empty, and the Spirit of God hovered over the waters. And God said: let there be light. And there was light” (Genesis 1:1-3).

But why, of all the living beings He created, did God endow only humans with language? We find the answer to this question in the very first chapter of Holy Scripture:

“And God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them” (Genesis 1:27).

God created people in his own image, and since God is inherent in language and communication, people also got this gift. Thus, language is one of the facets of the Personality of Godhead that He has given to people. This is a perfectly sound conclusion, since language gives us a partial idea of ​​the nature of God. Like God, language is unthinkably complex. It can take a lifetime to study it; but at the same time, children, having barely learned to walk, begin to understand and use the language.

Religious theories

According to the Bible, God punished the descendants of Adam for their attempt to build a tower to heaven with a variety of languages:
The whole earth had one language and one dialect... And the Lord came down to see the city and the tower that the sons of men were building. And the Lord said, Behold, there is one people, and all have one language; and this is what they began to do, and they will not lag behind what they have planned to do. Let us go down and confuse their language there, so that one does not understand the speech of the other. And the Lord scattered them from there over all the earth; and they stopped building the city. Therefore a name was given to her: Babylon; for there the Lord confounded the language of all the earth, and from there the Lord scattered them over all the earth (Genesis 11:5-9).

The Gospel of John begins with the following words, where the Logos (word, thought, mind) is equated with the Divine:

“In the beginning was the Word [Logos], and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. It was in the beginning with God."

The Acts of the Apostles (part of the New Testament) describes an event that happened to the apostles, from which the connection of language with the Divine follows:

“When the day of Pentecost came, they were all together with one accord. And suddenly there was a noise from heaven, as if from a rushing strong wind, and filled the whole house where they were. And divided tongues appeared to them, as if of fire, and rested one on each of them. And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance. In Jerusalem there were Jews, devout people, from every nation under heaven. When this noise was made, the people gathered and were confused, for everyone heard them speaking in his own language. And they were all amazed and wondering, saying among themselves, Are not these who speak all Galileans? How do we hear each of his own dialect in which he was born. Parthians, and Medes, and Elamites, and inhabitants of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and Asia, Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt and parts of Libya adjacent to Cyrene, and those who came from Rome, Jews and proselytes, Cretans and Arabians, we hear them in our languages talking about the great things of God? And they were all amazed and, perplexed, said to each other: what does this mean? And others, mocking, said: they drank sweet wine. But Peter, standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice and cried out to them: Men of the Jews, and all who dwell in Jerusalem! let this be known to you, and give heed to my words…” (Acts of the Apostles, 2:1-14).

The Day of Pentecost, or Trinity Day, deserves to be, in addition to its religious significance, the Day of the Linguist or Translator.

The existence of a proto-language

Researchers most often judge the origin of peoples by their languages. Linguists subdivide many Asian and African languages ​​into Semitic, named Shema or Shema, and Hamitic, named Ham, the sons of Noah. To the Semitic group of languages; reference to language families; include Hebrew, Old Babylonian, Assyrian, Aramaic, various Arabic dialects, the Amharic language in Ethiopia, and some others. Hamitic are ancient Egyptian, Coptic, Berber, and many other African languages ​​and dialects.

At present, however, there is a tendency in science to combine the Hamitic and Semitic languages ​​into one Semitic-Hamitic group. The peoples descended from Japhet speak, as a rule, Indo-European languages. This group includes the vast majority of European languages, as well as many of the languages ​​​​of the peoples of Asia: Iranian, Indian, Turkic.

What was it "single language" which was spoken by all the people of the world?
Many linguists understood the Hebrew language as the universal language, in view of the fact that many proper names of the primitive world, preserved in the languages ​​of all the peoples of the exile, are built from the roots of the Hebrew language.

According to the tradition of Judaism, the "Single language", which people spoke before the division into nations, was the "Sacred Language". sacred language– “loshn koidesh” is the language in which the Creator spoke with Adam, and people spoke it right up to the Babylonian pandemonium. Later, the prophets spoke this language, and the Holy Scriptures were written in it.

The fact of the use, according to the Torah, of the Hebrew language by the first people is also indicated by Scripture, where a play on words is found that cannot be translated into other languages. So, the wife is called in Hebrew isha from ish (husband), which indicates the unity and holiness of the marriage union. The name Adam (man) is from Adam (earth), Chava (in Russian Eve) is from Hai (living), “for she was the mother of all living things”, Cain is from Kaniti (I acquired) and so on. This language was called Hebrew by the name of Ever, a descendant of Shem, for Ever preserved this language by passing it on to Abraham. Abraham used the sacred language only for holy purposes.

The everyday language of Abraham was Aramaic, very close to the sacred language, but - as a result of general use - it lost the purity, rigor and grammatical harmony of Hebrew.
Approximately the same can be said about another Semitic language - Arabic. Arabic as a living language surpasses the Hebrew of written monuments by the abundance of synonyms and the presence of precise designations of objects and expressions. These virtues, of course, had Hebrew in the era of the prophets. Therefore, when reading poetic passages of Scripture, we encounter completely different vocabulary, often with words that occur only once in Scripture. As a result of the long stay of the Jews in exile, the original wealth of the Holy Language was lost, and the language of the Bible that has come down to us is only a surviving remnant of ancient Hebrew. This is the tradition and point of view of Judaism, set forth in the book of Kuzari by Rabbi Yehuda a-Levi.

Scientists have long known intuitively origin of languages the world from a single source. Thus, the German philosopher of the 17th century Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, who spoke numerous languages ​​​​of various families, dealt with questions of family relations of languages ​​\u200b\u200band a general theory of language. Leibniz, although he rejected the "Jewish theory" of the origin of languages, that is, the biblical theory of the origin of all of them from the Holy language - Hebrew, was inclined to recognize a single original language. He preferred to call him "Adamic", that is, descending from Adam.

Linguists have come to the conclusion that if not all languages ​​of the world, then at least the vast majority have a related - common - origin.

We speak Russian is; in Latin est; in English is, in German ist. These are all Indo-European languages. Let us, however, turn to the Semitic languages: in Hebrew esh, in Aramaic it or is. Six in Hebrew is shesh, in Aramaic is shit or shis, in Ukrainian is shist, in English is six, in German is sechs. The word seven in English is seven, in German sieben, in Hebrew sheva. Numeral " three» in a number of Indo-European languages: Persian: tree, Greek: treis, Latin: tres, Gothic: threis.
Or take a more complex example. The word idea, borrowed from ancient Greek, has a parallel root in Hebrew. De'a in Hebrew means "vision", "opinion". In Hebrew, as well as in other Semitic languages, the root of this word, consisting of three letters yod, dalet and 'ayin, has a fairly wide use: Yode'a - "he knows", yada - "knew", yivada' - will known. Let us note that in the Russian language there is a verb to know, that is, “to know”, and in ancient Indian Vedas also means “knowledge”. In German, wissen is “to know”, and in English this root appears in the words wise – “wise”, wisdom – “wisdom”.

The method of comparative analysis of languages ​​also makes it possible to penetrate deeply into the essence of the processes being studied, to reveal a system of certain correspondences where superficial observation does not notice anything similar.

Nostratic language
The intuitive desire of scientists to at least partially reproduce the “single language” of mankind, which, according to the Torah, existed on earth before the division of mankind into nations, is, in our opinion, quite remarkable. Followers of the so-called "Nostratic school".
even compiled a small dictionary of the "Nostratic" language. "Nostratic" these scientists call a certain primitive proto-language, from which the Semitic-Hamitic, Indo-European, Ural-Altaic and other languages ​​\u200b\u200bare descended.

Of course, science has the right to deal with working theories and hypotheses, which, sooner or later, can be proved or refuted.

5. Conclusion

Evolutionists have put forward a great many theories of the origin and development of human language. However, all these concepts are broken by their own shortcomings. Proponents of the theory of evolution have not yet found an acceptable answer to the question of the emergence of language communication. But none of these theories provides an acceptable explanation for the extraordinary diversity and complexity of languages. So there is nothing left but faith in God the Creator, who not only created man, but also endowed him with the gift of speech. The Bible tells about the Creation of all things by God; its text is devoid of contradictions and contains answers to all questions. Unlike the theory of evolution, which lacks credibility in explaining the origin of language, the creation theory set forth in the Bible (the theory of the divine creation of language) is able to withstand any objections. This theory retains its position to this day, despite the fact that all this time its opponents have been desperately searching for counterarguments against it.

Over time, the diversity of languages ​​in the world has become so great that their number has ceased to fit in our imagination. Languages ​​evolve with humanity. In order to find out how perfect and developed languages ​​have become, it is necessary to study oldest languages ​​in the world. This is the base that served as the basis for modern languages. Revealing is not an easy task, it's like identifying the oldest civilization in the world. First you need to study the written monuments that were found during archaeological excavations. Otherwise, it is very difficult to determine exactly which of the languages ​​is the most ancient, since the languages ​​were spoken long before there was a written language.

So what are the oldest languages ​​in the world?

The most ancient languages ​​in the world

Sumerian

The first written evidence dates back to 3200 BC. Written monuments in this language have been discovered at the Jemdet Nasr archaeological site in Iraq. Sumerian was the language of the ancient Sumerians, whose appearance dates back to the 4th millennium BC. Sumerian It is also considered an isolate language that has no family ties with other languages.

Akkadian language

The first mentions of Akkadian date back to 2800 BC. Written evidence of this language has been found in the Shaduppum region of Iraq. This language was spoken in ancient Mesopotamia, but now it is considered dead. The language got its name from the name of the city of Akkad, a major center of the Mesopotamian civilization of that time. The first texts written in Akkadian, appeared during the second half of the 3rd millennium BC. So far, thousands of texts have been found in excavations. The Akkadian language served as a means of communication between the two peoples who lived in antiquity on the territory of the modern Middle East. The language began to die out in the 8th century. BC.

Egyptian language

The indigenous language of Egypt belongs to the Afro-Asiatic language family. The first written records of this language date back to 3400 BC. The first written evidence was found in the tomb of Pharaoh Set Peribsen. Until the end of the 7th century AD. this language existed in the form of Coptic. The modern version of the language is known as Egyptian, which supplanted the Coptic language after the Muslim conquest of Egypt. Nevertheless, the Coptic language exists to this day as the language of worship of the Coptic Church.

Eblaite language

A Semitic language, now dead, Eblaite was once dominant from 2400 B.C. Thousands of tablets with inscriptions in this language have been found during archaeological excavations of the ruins of the city of Ebla. It was spoken in the 3rd millennium BC. in the ancient city of Ebla, between Aleppo and Hama, now in Western Syria. Regarded as the second oldest written Semitic language after Akkadian, the language is now considered dead.

Minoan

This language was widely spoken in the 2nd century BC. It was the language of ancient Crete. Today, the language is considered an isolate, as its relationship with other languages ​​has not been established.

Hittite

The first mention of the Hittite language dates back to 1650. BC. Today it is a dead language, but it was once spoken by the Hittites, a people in north-central Anatolia. The language fell into disuse after the collapse of the Hittite Empire.

Greek language

It is considered one of the oldest written living languages ​​in the world. The first records in Greek date back to 1400 BC. With 34 centuries of written history, this language has the longest written history of any Indo-European language. Greek is the native language of the peoples who inhabited the Balkan Peninsula. Today, approximately 13 million people speak Greek.

The first written evidence in Chinese dates back to the 11th century. BC. Chinese is spoken by more than 1 billion people today - this is one of the most spoken languages ​​in the world. The Chinese language consists of , where putonghua ( Standard Chinese) ranks first in terms of the number of carriers. The whole group as a whole and other language variants are called Chinese.

A graduate of the Oriental Faculty of Leningrad State University, a linguist, the author of several sensational books, Alexander Dragunkin claims that the Old Russian language was the parent language of the whole Earth!

Are the English descendants of the Russians?

“It all started with the English language, which I taught for many years,” Alexander Dragunkin told MK in St. Petersburg about the background to his discovery.

"The further, the more I was not satisfied with the method of his teaching - and some new ideas appeared latently. In 1998, I sat down to write my first book - a guide to the English language. I stopped going to the office, closed myself at home and on the most primitive computer in a month I rapped SOMETHING, from which I was stunned. In that work, I proposed my own way of quickly memorizing English words - by analogy with Russian ones. And, while developing it, I stumbled upon the obviousness: English words are not just similar to Russian ones - they are of Russian origin !"

Can you prove it?

"Of course. Just remember the three simple basic rules of philology first.

First: you can ignore the vowels in the word, the most important thing is the backbone of the consonants.

Second: consonants are very clearly grouped according to the place of formation in the mouth - for example, L, R, H are formed by different movements of the tongue, but in the same part of the palate. Try to pronounce them and see for yourself.

There are several such chains of consonants: v-m-b-p-f, l-r-s-t-d-n, x-c-k-g-z-zh, v-r-x, s-c-h (jj).

When a word is borrowed, it is possible to replace letters in accordance with these chains.

And the third rule: when moving from one language to another, a word can only be shortened, and most often the first syllable disappears.

And now examples

"Please. The English word girl (girl - girl) has no origin in her homeland. But in Old Russian there was a wonderful word that young people were called - Gorlitsa! The backbone of consonants is the same, and the English word is shorter - so who took the word from whom?

Another example is the English REVOLT. Let's say you don't know what it means - now let's see who stole from whom. Any Latinist will tell you that RE is a prefix, VOL is a root and "mysterious T".

Where it came from, Western philologists do not even say.

But I am a simple person: let's assume an idiotic option - that the British took this word from someone and distorted it over time. Then, if RE is a prefix meaning "repetition", and the British took this prefix from someone, then in a thousand years it could only become shorter (remember the philological law). So, it can be assumed that it was originally longer.

So, in the whole world there is only one prefix, which meant the same thing, but was longer - Russian TRANS-! L and R are interchangeable consonants from the same chain. We rewrite the word in Russian - PERE-VOR-ot. REVOLT in translation means "coup, rebellion" - so who borrowed from whom? And the “mysterious T”, on which all English linguists stumble, turns out to be the most common Russian suffix. There are an incredible number of such examples.

And why should the British, who live on an island far from our vast homeland, get by with Russian words - they didn’t have their own?

"The British may well turn out to be the descendants of the ancient Russians. There are completely official data (which, however, are often hushed up) that the Saxons - the ancestors of the British - did not come from anywhere, but from the Volga River. In the scientific world, this is an axiom. The Saxons are plural of the word "sak". That is, on the Volga they were SAKs. Further - according to the law on the shortening of a word when switching to another language, we conclude that this word could originally be longer. I do not see any other explanation for the origin of the word SAKI, except as from a stripped-down RUSAKI.

The mat was not invented by the Tatars.

Okay, but what about other languages? You don't claim to know every language in the world, do you?

"I'm not sure. But I know many languages. I can easily communicate in English, French, Italian, German, Swedish, Polish. I know Japanese, but I don't speak it. I studied ancient Chinese at the university, and seriously studied Hindi in my youth. Therefore, I can compare.

Here's an example for you. Take the Latin word SECRET (secret, something hidden). The whole world is staring at this word, but its origin is unknown. In addition, it is not decomposed into components - there is no prefix or suffix. Some see the same "mysterious suffix T". The most dashing Western philologists single out the root CR - this is the Latin CER, "to see." But why on earth is the “secret”, what is being hidden, based on the root “see”? This is absurd! I do it differently - I become impudent and write the same letters in Old Russian - СъКРыТ. And I get a complete similarity of meaning, a clear prefix C, a beautiful root and our native suffix. Remember that vowels are completely unimportant for philology.

Or else - the word "harem". The fact that the Russian princes before the Romanovs had whole crowds of concubines is a historical fact. Now, if I have many beautiful wives, where will I keep them? In the best rooms, which in Rus' were called KhoroMy - let's remember the chains of alternating consonants - so where did the word GAREM come from?

So it means that everything was borrowed from us, and not we from strangers?

"Naturally! I even refuted the prevailing "Tatar" theory of the origin of Russian obscenity."

Were there any Tatars?

"It wasn't - it's just our invention. I can demonstrate.
We have the word star - this is a star. A star is a distorted "light". That is, a star is that “light-it”. And if you follow this word-formation scheme, what will be the name of what they “write”? This is one word.
Further - where did the word "stick" come from? Initially, it was called "pkhalka", because it was pkhali, shoved. The English stick (stack, stick) is clearly our poke, “poke”.
Let's go back to the word "phat" - form an imperative mood, as with the word "poke": poke - sui, pkhat - what? And "p" eventually disappeared. The most interesting thing with the verb is that only in Russian you can say: "I fucked her."
M and B, as you remember, are alternating - replace the letter M in the word "fuck" and see what happens.

Well, swearing is not proof that Old Russian is the parent language of the whole world.

"Well, here's another one: the names of all sacred religious books are of Russian origin."

Even the Quran?

"Yes. In the Arab world, it is believed that this word does not have an etymology. But it does exist. The Koran, as you know, is the revelations of the Prophet Muhammad, collected by the scribe Zeid - and SAVED by him! The Koran is So-khran.
With the Jewish Torah it is even simpler: this is a book about CREATION - the Torah is the T (v) ora.


The Bible is a little different - you need to know that it is written on paper, and paper is made from cotton. Cotton in Slavic is called BaVeLna - BiBLe. The Bible is just a stack of paper!
I am not talking about the Indian "Vedas" at all: here the origin from the word to know is obvious. Each of these explanations can be disputed separately, but it is interesting that all the names have the correct interpretation only through the Russian language.

Well, what about the names of gods and servants?

"Allah ... If we assume that this word is not Arabic and has lost its first consonant over time, then only one word remains, which also corresponds to the meaning - VALLAH - Volkhv, and the Magi were priests. There is also a Russian root MOL, from which appeared the word “pray.” MoL is the same as MuL, a MULLA who asks God.

In English, the priest PRIEST - in Russian letters ASK.
I don't believe there can be so many coincidences. The fact that the words are similar and at the same time have the same meaning is half the battle. But pay attention: in all cases when a word in its “native” language cannot find an origin, in Russian it acquires a completely logical etymology - and all its riddles, suffixes that come from nowhere that traditional philology cannot explain, become completely normal parts words in Russian! Our language is amazing. It brings us to the bottom of the world - I am sure that it was created artificially and the matrix of the universe is encrypted in it.

What is hell and heaven

Have you been able to decipher anything?

"Very interesting stuff.
For example, only in Russian the whole world surrounding a person was described using one syllable with the root BL (taking into account the chains of consonant alternation). What was around the ancient man? Bor, Sea, Field, Swamp, Par (as the air used to be called) and so on.

The entire animal world is described on a geometric basis only in Russian: in other languages ​​these are words taken out of context, in ours they are added to the system. Living beings have been described with three roots, which are the forms of the body.
For example, everything Round is described with the help of the root KR / GL and its derivatives - Head, Eye, Throat, Knee, Lower Leg.

Further, only in the Russian language was a person separated from the rest of the animal world according to the main feature - reason. The mind is in the head, which used to have another name - HUMAN. How we were singled out from the world - we were called MAN-age!"

So what, from the language itself, our ancestors received knowledge about the world?

"Our ancestors knew everything, because everything was described in a simple language.
Paradise is nothing but a stripped-down EDGE, where everything is great and cool.
Hell is just what is BELOW us.
Let's remember the word "star" - light, yes - long before telescopes, people who spoke Russian knew that stars are not just holes in the sky, but that which shines, radiates light!

You said that the language was created artificially. Why even create it at all?

After all, love could well be expressed in the number of killed mammoths.

“The Russian language also answers this question. Do you remember the famous phrase of Tyutchev: “A thought spoken is a lie”? What did the poet want to say? I will show you.
In Russian, there are three verbs that mean the process of speech - to speak, to say, to utter (or expound).

But what is interesting, only in Russian three verbs meaning lies have the same roots: to speak - to lie, to state / state - to lie / LIE, to say - to distort.
The language was originally created not for the exchange of information, but as a tool for its distortion, a way of influence.
Now, of course, we already use it for communication. However, be sure - of all the peoples of the world, only we speak the most direct descendant of the parent language.

And who created it?

"Those who created mankind."

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These words are considered borrowed by the Russian language in recent centuries. However, Alexander Dragunkin is convinced of their Russian "origin":

Galaxy - from the Russian dialect "GaLaGa" (fog)
Dollar - from Share
CALCULATOR - FROM HOW MUCH
Laboratory - from Work (L and R alternate)
LeDi - from Lada (Old Russian goddess)
HoTel (hotel) - from HaTa
NeGR - from Not Beautiful
ELEMENT - from unbreakable
SMoG - from MGL
GLOBUS - from Kolobok (G and K alternate)


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Stories about the origin of the primary proto-language on Earth.

For a long time, scientists, ethnographers, linguists and historians have been trying to find (recreate) the very first language on Earth, from which all other languages ​​\u200b\u200bof the peoples of the world originated.

There are over 5,000 languages ​​on Earth now.
The first researchers believed that all languages ​​\u200b\u200bwere descended from the ancient Egyptian language, since the Egyptians for a long time were considered the most ancient people in the world. Now even academic historians believe that the ancient Egyptians were the Sumerians and Elamites.
For a long time, scientists tried to consider the Hebrew language as the most ancient language.
But these attempts were also unsuccessful.
The most detailed research on the reconstruction of the primary language was carried out by Hermann Wirth, a Dutch-German historian. Herman Wirth, in his theory, believed that the initial primary language of all the peoples of the world came from a people who lived in the north of Europe, on the mainland Arctida (in the Arctic Ocean) about 20 thousand years ago. It was the language of the Hyperboreans. Wirth considered the Indians of America to be the first immigrants from Hyperborea. He wrote his theory about in the book "Hyperborean Theory". There he made attempts to depict the first hieroglyphs of the primary language. He believed that modern types of writing arose from protorunic characters. He also considered the Indo-Europeans to be the descendants of the Hyperboreans, who 6 thousand years ago, cheerful, wise, blue-eyed, came to Europe from the last flooded Hyperborean lands. Wirth believed that Hyperborean women and men were of the same height, and they were tall. Later, mixing with more southern peoples, their growth decreased.
Much later, more real studies and theories about the first language of earthlings began to appear. In 1935, the Gurunsi-Nankanse tribes, wandering in the savannas of Western Sudan, used the whistle language in addition to the usual language.
The whistling language is used in Gascony, Nepal, Mexico, in the north-east of Asia Minor in the Turkish village of Kushköy. The most studied language of whistling, the one in which the inhabitants of Homer, one of the Canary Islands, whistle. They whistle in Spanish. Back in 1878, this language was called Silbo there.
500 years ago, before the Spanish colonization, Homer whistled not in Spanish, but in the language of the Guanches. They were tall white-skinned and red-haired / such they were seen by the first Europeans who appeared there - the Genoese, in the 13th century.
The skulls of the Guanches and the skulls of the Cro-Magnons are exactly the same.
Cro-Magnons - the first modern people / Homo sapiens / appeared in Europe in the ice age, about 40 thousand years ago, replacing the Neanderthals. Where did you go then? One of their branches was pushed to the south, the exiles lived on the territory of modern Spain, and then in North Africa, then moved to the Canary Islands.
Where did the Cro-Magnons come from? Short Neanderthals lived with half-animal thinking, and suddenly tall people, more than 190 cm tall, settled next to them. They came to Europe from Atlantis. Atlanteans migrated to both sides of the Atlantic. The first wave hit Europe about 40,000 years ago. About 15 thousand years ago - the second wave, the Aurignac culture remained from it. And finally, 10 thousand years ago /when Atlantis perished/ the third wave brought an equally high Azilian culture.
Before a man spoke, he first whistled, then sang. Australopithecus knew how to whistle. Pithecanthropus already possessed animal mimicry / imitated the voices of animals /. The Neanderthal performed ritual songs. The whistle of dolphins is difficult to distinguish from silbo. The language of whistling, the singing of birds, the voices of dolphins are branches of one common proto-language that disappeared in antiquity.
God threw Adam and Eve into Ceylon and Arabia, when they met on Earth they whistled.
Where is the whistling language spoken? One of the seven main Canary Islands is the island of Gomera, which has the shape of an almost regular circle, in the center of which rises the Garajonay mountain range, dotted with deep gorges and rocky ledges. Since time immemorial, the Gomeran shepherds have learned not only to jump over it with a long stick, but also to communicate with each other at a great distance in the language of a whistle, which easily overcomes several kilometers thanks to the echo reflected from the rocks. The natives of the island even invented a whole communication system based on this language, the “vocabulary” of which eventually became quite rich. Linguists gave this original language the name "silbo", which means "whistling". With the development of civilization, the need for it gradually disappeared, and the current Spanish-speaking islanders forget it, considering it a relic of the past. However, local authorities, concerned about the preservation of the unique language, which at the end of the last century even got into the list of cultural achievements of mankind, introduced its teaching in schools. Today, the small island of Gomera is listed among the objects of ecological tourism, and, in addition to its unique nature, the whistling language that the Gomeran whistlers willingly demonstrate at separate sites, in cafes and restaurants, playing even small performances, is a lure for tourists here. In the French Pyrenees there is another similar place - a small village of As, lost among the gorges and rocks, whose inhabitants also use a similar language. People who seem to live in front of each other do not go to visit their neighbors, as this journey is deadly. They have long satisfied the need for communication without leaving home, thanks to the same whistling language. The whistle easily covers here distances up to 2 kilometers and is not so much drowned out by the winds and noise of waterfalls familiar to these places. Asses deftly press the middle of the tongue with one or two fingers, and with the help of the articulatory apparatus they whistle the desired message with its tip, while they easily recognize each other by their individual whistling style.
At present, there are few places left in the world where they speak the language of whistling - in the village of As, in the French Pyrenees, on the island of Gomera in the Canary Islands, in the valleys of Turkey and in Mexico, on the territory of the Mazatec and Zapotec Indians ...
Now let me try to add to this topic. The first people on Earth (the 1st and 2nd races and the beginning of the 3rd race were without physical bodies), were created in the image and likeness of the Almighty and representatives from the Moon, Venus, and the Sun. Therefore, communication between these people took place without the use of sound. Later, people with material bodies began to appear (3 races - Lemurians (asuras). With the advent of physical bodies in people, people increasingly began to use sounds when communicating. At first, this sound resembled the rustling of leaves
(natural sound). Later, a person began to use only consonant sounds (note that young children at first also begin to express their mood only with vowel sounds). And whistling (this is also a natural sound, whistling is used by many animals, especially birds) has been used by people for the longest time, up to the present.
Gradually, more and more vowel sounds were added to the whistle and vowel sounds, I think this began already in the era of asura civilization, perhaps even more consonants began to be used by the Atlanteans. Over time, the language of the Asuras and Atlanteans changed and disintegrated more and more. For example, today's direct descendants of the Asuras - the Bushmen, will already be able to communicate with the Australian aborigines, with the Papuans and Veddoids of Sri Lanka.
And the direct descendants of the Atlanteans, the Basques, are unlikely to understand Georgians or Chechens. The Hyperboreans (and Indo-Europeans) also descended from the Atlanteans. It is at this stage that Wirth's research is very important. Hyperboreans from the 12th millennium began to move south and reached India and Ceylon, in the west they reached Ireland, in the east they reached China (Tokhars).
Let me remind you that in ancient legends it was the asuras (Lemurians) who began to equate themselves with the gods (their teachers), began to consider themselves equal to the gods. For this they were punished, from languages ​​began to change and share (accordingly, new peoples began to appear).

There are many theories, or rather hypotheses. Ancient man, as a rule, believed that the language was created by a higher mind, that is, God. Until some time, this opinion was considered true and was not disputed. For the first time, ancient philosophers (I century BC) began to speak about the non-divine origin of language: some of them believed that language was inherent in man from the very beginning - “from nature”, as Heraclitus argued, the name of an object is its essence and vice versa; others - like, for example, Democritus, Plato - insisted on the origin of the language "by agreement", they reinforced their point of view by the fact that the same thing is named differently in different languages, or in one language it can have several names . In the Middle Ages, with the strengthening of Christianity, the idea of ​​​​the divine origin of language again became at the forefront, but from the 17th century it began to be questioned; at this time, the hypotheses of the origin of the language that exist today begin to form. I will list the main ones in chronological order.

1) Onomatopoeic (onomatopoeic) r. Proponents of this hypothesis believe that language appeared as a) imitation of the sounds of nature or b) imitation of impressions about things. From the standpoint of such an idea, every sound makes sense (the theory of sound symbolism, the language of children and savages). Naturally, not all words arose in this way, but some fundamental principle of the language; later words were created in an associative way.

2) Interjection g. It is based on the idea that words are an expression of a person’s state of mind, his emotions, feelings. First, first words arose, then - according to their models - derivative words.

3) G. public (social) contract. Adherents of this hypothesis believed that initially unconscious and primitive cries and gestures appeared, and then people agreed among themselves on their meaning; the first were proper names; specific names appeared before generic ones.

4) G. labor cries. From her position, the genesis of language is associated with the cries of people accompanying collective labor; some signals rhythmized the activity (like counting "left-right" in the ranks), others regulated it (a call to start the action, to end it, etc.). This hypothesis is considered unconvincing.

5) G. about sign language as the primary form of communication. Gestures preceded verbal language, and gradually cries began to replace them (but not completely: today gestures, facial expressions, body movements play an important role in communication between communicants).

6) "Japhetic" by Mr. N. Ya. Marr. The latter was convinced that the origin of the language has a class character, and all modern languages ​​\u200b\u200bare descended from Caucasian (Japhetic); the sound system of all languages ​​developed from 4 primary elements - sal, ber, roš, yon. Now this hypothesis is regarded as a manifestation of vulgar materialism.

7) Materialistic d. Language arose as a result of a combination of several factors and is closely related to the evolution of man. a) Natural factor: the presence of the near-earth layer of the atmosphere, necessary for breathing and for the formation of sound. b) Biological function: upright posture, development of the respiratory organs and articulatory apparatus, broadening of horizons, increase in brain volume, complication of its structure, differentiation of functions of the right and left hemispheres, development of the frontal lobes, development of thinking, release of the upper limbs for labor activities, change in quality food, the ability to use fire, the use of hands to give signals, etc. c) Social f.: primitive man lived in a herd, it became necessary to divide labor, manage the entire way of the herd, and this requires language. d) Psychic f.: commonality of psychological laws of preverbal and verbal human thinking.
Here, in fact, are the main and most adequate hypotheses. In any case, the language is complex and mysterious, and, alas, it is impossible to prove or disprove any of them.