Ranks in the NKVD until 1940. List of senior state security majors

In early February 1943, during the period of a radical turning point in the course of the Great Patriotic War, the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs filed a petition with the Presidium Supreme Council The USSR on the introduction of new insignia to replace existing ones - shoulder straps for NKVD personnel, including the police.
This was preceded by the introduction of new special ranks, the establishment of complete unity of command, and the assignment of special ranks to the command staff of political workers.
Simultaneously with the introduction of shoulder straps, the cut of the uniform was changed, and new ceremonial uniforms were introduced for all NKVD personnel.
The introduction of new insignia was one of the government measures aimed at further strengthening discipline, unity of command, increasing the role and authority of the NKVD command staff.
When establishing the model of these new insignia, the insignia of the Russian army that existed before 1917 was used.
IN post-war years a number of changes were made to the uniform, significantly improving appearance and the uniform of police officers.
All changes in uniforms were caused by the desire to improve its quality and the need to replace items of uniform that turned out to be impractical or did not correspond to the new conditions of service.
The decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the introduction of new insignia for the bodies and troops of the NKVD was announced by order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 103 of 02/11/1943.
By order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 104 of February 11, 1943. New special ranks were established for police personnel: police commissar 1st rank, police commissar 2nd rank and police commissar 3rd rank. For senior command personnel: police colonel, police lieutenant colonel, police major. For middle command personnel: police captain, senior police lieutenant, police lieutenant, junior police lieutenant. For the younger one commanding staff- police sergeant, senior police sergeant, police sergeant, junior police sergeant and senior policeman.
By order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 126 of February 18, 1943. for police personnel were introduced new form clothing and insignia. Insignia - shoulder straps - served to determine a special rank. The shoulder strap for police commissioners is made of braid of a special zigzag weave of silver color, the piping is turquoise. The zigzag shoulder straps have turquoise gaps. Stars on the shoulder straps of police commissars, embroidered in gold, the number corresponded to the special rank: for police commissars of the 1st rank - 3 stars, located in a row in the middle of the shoulder strap, for police commissars of the 2nd rank - 2 stars, and for police commissars of the 3rd rank - 1 star. The buttons on the shoulder straps are golden with a coat of arms. Shoulder strap dimensions: length - 14-16 cm, width - 6.5 cm.

For senior and mid-level police officers, the shoulder strap is made of braid or silver silk. The shoulder straps of the average command personnel have one gap and 13 mm gilded metal stars. The number of stars depends on the special rank. On the shoulder straps of senior command personnel there are two gaps and 16 mm gilded metal stars. The number of stars on the chase corresponded to the rank. On the shoulder straps of middle and senior command personnel there are uniform gilded buttons with the image of a hammer and sickle. The color of the edges and gaps is turquoise. Shoulder strap dimensions: length - 14-16 cm, width - 4 cm.


Ensign police	Police Lieutenant	Senior Lieutenant police	Police captain

Police Major	Police Lieutenant Colonel	Police Colonel

For junior commanders and rank and file of the police and cadets of police schools, shoulder straps made of cloth dark- of blue color, edging - turquoise color. The field of cadets' shoulder straps is trimmed with silver braid. The shoulder straps of junior commanding officers had silver braided stripes corresponding to their special rank. On the shoulder straps, the name of the police department or service is indicated with yellow paint through a stencil. The height of large numbers and letters of the stencil is 3.2 cm, small numbers and letters - 2 cm. The width of the stripes: narrow - 10 mm, wide - 30 mm, the width of the braid on cadets' shoulder straps is 13 mm. The buttons on the shoulder straps are silver, 18 mm in diameter, with the image of a hammer and sickle. One transverse wide and one longitudinal narrow stripe were sewn on the shoulder straps of police sergeants; on the shoulder straps of the senior sergeant - one transverse wide; on the shoulder straps of a sergeant, junior sergeant and senior policeman - three, two and one transverse narrow stripes, respectively. The distance from the bottom edge of the shoulder strap to the bottom edge of the stripes is 1 cm. Dimensions of the shoulder straps: length - 14-16 cm, width - 4 cm.


Policeman	Senior policeman	Lance Sergeant police

Police Sergeant	Staff Sergeant police	Police sergeant

(Designation of codes: 16o - 16 police department; Vm - departmental police; Ko - Kustanai region; Ke - cavalry squadron; Km - convoy police).


Police cadet	Senior Cadet policeman	Junior Cadet police sergeant

Cadet Sergeant police	Senior Cadet police sergeant	Cadet Sergeant Major police

Buttonholes for overcoats were made from cutlery cloth. The buttonhole field is turquoise, the edging for senior officers is silver, for senior and middle officers it is dark blue, for junior officers and police officers it is crimson. Large uniform buttons were placed on the buttonholes at the upper end: for senior command personnel - with a coat of arms, gilded; for senior and middle command personnel - with the image of a hammer and sickle, gilded; for junior command personnel and police officers - with the image of a hammer and sickle, silver. On the cuffs, which have the shape of a toe, parallel to the colored edging, there is a single edging embroidered in silver. Parallel to the edging in the protrusion of the toe there is silver embroidery in the form of three diverging laurel branches, framed along the cone with a single silver edging. On the collar of the uniform, with a 0.5 cm indentation from the front ends, there are turquoise longitudinal buttonholes without edging. On the buttonholes of senior commanding officers there are two columns embroidered with silver and gimp, intertwined with gold thread, with a colored gap in the middle of the column - 0.2 mm. For middle management - one column. The command staff buttons are large, gilded, with the image of a hammer and sickle.
Uniforms of junior commanding officers and police officers in cut and color, as well as the color of the buttonhole field, they correspond to the uniforms of command personnel (Table 64). Along the length of the buttonholes of junior commanding officers there is one longitudinal strip of silver galloon 6 mm wide. The buttonholes on police uniforms are clean. Tunics for junior command personnel and police officers according to the samples established in the Red Army, dark blue, with the allowance in wartime of khaki, steel and gray (Table 67). Overcoat of senior and middle command personnel - made of dark blue cloth or drape, gilded buttons with the image of a hammer and sickle; buttonholes are turquoise with dark blue edging (Table 63).
Overcoat of junior command personnel and police officers made of semi-rough dark blue cloth, white metal buttons with the image of a hammer and sickle. The buttonholes are turquoise with crimson edging (Table 63).
Trousers untucked for police commissioners by the color of the uniform and jacket. Pants are dark blue breeches. The edges and stripes are turquoise.
Trousers untucked and breeches for senior and middle command personnel - dark blue with turquoise edging. Bloomers for junior commanding officers and police officers are dark blue.
Caps. Police commissars' ceremonial cap made of dark blue cloth, turquoise band, red piping. On the front of the band there is embroidery in the form of silver-colored laurel branches and a filigree silver-colored chin strap. Casual cap without sewing, with silver filigree (Table 73).

Hat for police commissioners was made of gray astrakhan fur with a turquoise cloth top. A silver braid is sewn crosswise along the top of the hat. Cockade of the standard standard for police commissars (Table 73). For all other police personnel, a kubanka hat was installed as a winter headdress Brown with a dark blue cloth top (Table 73).
The same order announced the list of uniforms for police personnel (Appendix 13).
By order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 225 of March 29, 1943. It was established for the commanding staff of the State Traffic Inspectorate to wear on their shoulder straps the emblems of the engineering staff - “key and hammer”.

Sleeve insignia have been introduced for private and junior commanding officers of RUD units. The sleeve insignia was a rhombus located horizontally and consisted of a semi-rigid base covered with turquoise cloth and edged with crimson cloth. Three letters "RUD" made of crimson cloth are placed on the cloth. Dimensions of the sign: height - 65 mm, length - 103 mm and side length - 62 mm. Letter sizes: height - 25 mm, width - 12 mm, thickness - 4 mm, height middle letter- 35 mm, distance between letters - 3 mm (Table 77). The sleeve badge was sewn in the middle of the outer side of the left sleeve, above the elbow bend line, at a distance of 37-40 cm from the lower end of the sleeve. By order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 305 of April 28, 1943. The sizes of shoulder straps for police personnel were changed. According to this order, the width of shoulder straps for senior, middle, junior commanding officers and police officers was set at 5 cm.
IN clarification of the OBSP GUM NKVD USSR No. 29/r1672 dated June 29, 1943 explanations were given regarding the imposition of encryption stencils on the shoulder straps of junior command personnel and police officers. The code for stenciling on shoulder straps was established only for private and junior command personnel of combat units, railway and water departments, and city police departments. On the shoulder straps of the railway police there was a code - a metal key with a hammer, and on the shoulder straps of the water police - an anchor white. Private and junior commanders district offices police wore shoulder straps without a stencil. Shoulder straps made of silver braid of special weave with red edging, removable. The stars on the shoulder straps are golden-colored, embroidered. The buttonholes on the overcoat are longitudinal, red, edged with silver gimp embroidery, with large brass buttons at the end. On the collar, parallel to the colored piping, there is a silver double piping. At the front end of the collar there is embroidery in the form of a narrow silver laurel branch. Closed woolen jacket, blue, with two chest welt pockets, with a single-arm flap without fastener. The jacket has five brass buttons and a stand-up collar. Sewn-in sleeve with cuff. There is red piping along the collar and top of the cuff. Shoulder straps of the established pattern. In the summer, it was allowed to wear a white jacket with a cut similar to a blue jacket, but without edging (Table 83). Cap made of blue woolen fabric, band and piping made of red cloth. The visor is black, varnished. On the front above the visor there is a filigree strap made of silver truntal. Cockade of the established type. In summer, the cap was allowed to be worn with a white cover.

blue, piping and stripes red.
For senior and middle commanding staff of the police, it was established next form clothes:
Overcoat made of blue cloth, double-breasted, fastened with six large brass buttons arranged in two rows with the image of a five-pointed star with a hammer and sickle in the center. Sewn-in sleeve with cuff. Along the edge of the collar, along the side, cuffs, pocket flaps, posts, strap and vent there is a red cloth edging. (Table 78). The collar has red rectangular buttonholes with dark blue edging and large buttons sewn on.

Shoulder straps made of white silver braid with red edging, with one or two red gaps. Shoulder straps are removable and rigid. Brass sprockets 13 and 20 mm, according to the special rank. Shoulder strap width - 6 cm. Dress uniform similar in cut and color to the uniform of police commissioners. There is a red edging along the collar, left side, upper edge of the cuff and leaves. On the collar of the uniform, silver metal posts on red cloth were attached horizontally along the stand, rectangular shape. On the outside of the cuff, silver metal posts on red cloth were attached vertically, in the shape of the posts on the collar. Shoulder straps of the established pattern.

Closed jacket made of blue woolen fabric, similar in cut to the uniform of police commissars. Along the top of the collar and cuffs there is a piping made of red cloth (Table 83). Shoulder straps of the established pattern. In summer it was allowed to wear a white jacket.
Trousers and breeches blue, with red piping on the side seams.
Cap made of blue woolen fabric, the band and piping are red. The visor and chin strap are black, lacquered. Cockade of the established type. Equipment brown leather with shoulder harness, brass two-pin buckle. In full dress uniform the shoulder belt was not worn.
IN winter time Attached to the commanding officer's overcoat was a collar made of natural black silk, edged with red cloth. The following uniform is established for private and sergeant police officers:
Overcoat in cut and color it is similar to the overcoat of senior and middle command personnel. For winter, a fur collar made of natural black tsigeika fur with a red edging was attached to the overcoat. On the reverse side of the collar, buttonholes of the established color and pattern were sewn. Cap, hat and breeches are also similar to the specified items of uniform for senior and middle command personnel.

Shoulder straps. The field of shoulder straps is red with dark blue edging. The shoulder straps of police school cadets were trimmed with silver silk braid. For junior command personnel, transverse stripes made of silver silk braid were sewn on shoulder straps. Installed Dimensions shoulder straps: length - 14-16 cm, width - 6.0 cm, edging width - 0.25 cm, width of braid on cadets' shoulder straps - 13 mm, width of narrow stripes - 10 mm, wide stripes - 30 mm, distance from the bottom edge of the shoulder strap to the bottom edge of the patch - 2 cm. On the shoulder straps of a police sergeant, two stripes were sewn: one wide transverse and one narrow longitudinal, on the shoulder straps of senior sergeants - one wide transverse stripe, on the shoulder straps of sergeants, junior sergeants and senior police officers - three, two and one, respectively transverse narrow stripes. The shoulder straps were covered with metal encryption according to the number of the police department or service.


Policeman	Senior policeman	Lance Sergeant police

Police Sergeant	Staff Sergeant police	Police sergeant

(Designation of codes: 1st, 3rd, 11th, 31st - police departments; KP - convoy police regiment; OP - operational police regiment).


Police cadet	Senior Cadet	Junior Cadet police sergeant

Cadet Sergeant police	Senior Cadet police sergeant	Cadet Sergeant Major police

Buttonholes red with dark blue trim on three sides, large brass buttons are attached to the upper end of the buttonholes. The holster for the revolver "revolver" or pistol "TT" was fastened to the equipment on the right side with two belts; a leather bag of an approved type for the police was also fastened with two beads, on the left side. Revolving cord made of red garus, with a moving fastener and a carabiner for attaching to a weapon. The whistle was worn on the left shoulder strap of the equipment.
In the summer, rank and file were allowed to wear a tunic and a summer officer's jacket.

By order of the USSR MGB No. 0155 of October 30, 1950. A uniform uniform for officers and rank-and-file police of the entire Soviet Union was announced.

By order of the USSR MGB No. 15 of January 17. 1953 The red garus revolver cord for privates and junior police officers was removed from supply.

Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR No. 193 The red edging on the overcoats of commanding and rank-and-file police officers, except for police commissars, was abolished.
By order of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs No. 193 of March 27. 1956 in order to improve the supply of police officers, establish uniformity of uniform, and strengthen the responsibility of employees for careful and careful attitude to their uniform, transport police, traffic control departments, and traffic safety services, a uniform was established that was common to the entire police force.

By order of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs No. 437 of June 12. 1957 Sleeve insignia have been installed for the personnel of ORUD, OBD and transport police.
The sleeve insignia was a rhombus measuring between opposite corners: vertically - 50 mm, horizontally - 90 mm. A metal letter is attached to the center of the diamond yellow color 23 mm high: for personnel of ORUD (traffic control department) and OBD (traffic safety department) - “R”, transport police - “T”. The diamond was made of dark blue fabric with red trim.

The sleeve badge was sewn on the outside of the left sleeve of the overcoat and jacket in the middle between the top point of the sleeve and the elbow.

And sleeve emblems of the GUGB NKVD, which determine the employee’s belonging to a specific category of command personnel. The buttonholes were made of maroon cloth and had the shape of a parallelogram 10 cm long (sewn on - 9 cm) and 3.3 cm wide. The buttonholes differed in the color of the longitudinal strip (golden for the highest command personnel, silver for the senior and middle). The color of the strip corresponded to the color of the edging of the collar and cuffs of the uniform.

The sleeve emblem had an oval shape, was made of maroon cloth, with embroidery depicting a stylized shield with an overlaid sword, sickle and hammer. The embroidery was done using gold and silver thread using a cardboard stencil. The emblem was sewn on the left sleeve of the uniform above the elbow.

Candidates for special rank wore buttonholes with a silver stripe without collar and cuff edging and the GUGB emblem.

Chapter 4. INSIGNIA
18. The following insignia are established for the commanding staff of the Main Directorate of State Security and its local bodies:
A) two red sleeve truncated triangles - ; b) three sleeve truncated triangles of red color -; c) one sleeve star embroidered with silver - ; d) two sleeve stars embroidered with silver -; e) three sleeve stars embroidered with silver -; f) one sleeve star embroidered in gold - ; g) two sleeve stars embroidered in gold - ; h) three sleeve stars embroidered with gold -; i) four sleeve stars embroidered in gold, one of them at the bottom - ; j) four sleeve stars embroidered in gold, one of them at the top - ; Note: Rank insignia is worn on both sleeves. A special sleeve insignia of an approved sample is installed for all commanding staff of the GUGB. The sleeve badge is worn on the left sleeve. Personnel of the commanding staff of the GUGB wear a longitudinal tourniquet on their buttonholes, namely: a) a silver tourniquet - sergeant, junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant and captain; b) golden tourniquet - major, senior major, state security commissioner of the 3rd, 2nd and 1st rank. Candidates for the title, trainees in junior operational positions, wear the uniform established for the commanding staff of the GUGB with a silver longitudinal cord, but without insignia and sleeve insignia. A blue tourniquet on the buttonholes, but without insignia on the sleeves, is worn by cadets of the schools of the Main Directorate of State Security and the courier corps.
19. The wearing by commanding personnel of insignia that does not correspond to the special rank assigned personally is punishable by law.
Note: Reserve and retired commanding officers wear buttonholes (Articles 41, 48, 49) with a special distinctive patch on buttonholes, a detailed description of which is given in the instructions of the NKVD of the USSR on the application of this “Regulation”.

41. Persons in command who have been dismissed are allowed to wear uniforms, but without insignia.
With the permission of the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR, individual retired persons may be granted the right to wear uniforms with insignia.
These persons are given special certificates by the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the USSR for the right to wear uniforms with insignia.

48. The commanding personnel of the GUGB reserve are allowed to wear uniforms and insignia only during training camps, retraining courses and when recruited for temporary operational work.
The rest of the time, these commanding officers are allowed to wear uniforms, but without insignia.
49. Individual reserve personnel, with the special permission of the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR, may be granted the right to wear uniforms with insignia outside of training camps and retraining courses.
These persons are given special certificates by the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the USSR for the right to wear uniforms with insignia.
- “Regulations on the service of commanding personnel of the Main Directorate of State Security People's Commissariat Internal Affairs of the USSR" (announced by order of the NKVD No. 335 of October 23.).

In terms of status, the title of General Commissioner of State Security corresponded to military rank"Marshal of the Soviet Union" ( official tables there was no match). Insignia in 1935-1937 - big star with a stripe in the buttonhole, in 1937-1943 a large star in the buttonhole (like the Marshal of the Soviet Union, but the buttonhole had the colors of the state security agencies), in 1943-1945 shoulder straps similar to the shoulder straps of the Marshals of the Soviet Union.

1936

The 1935 system was unsuccessful: the sleeve insignia was difficult to distinguish. In this regard, 4.4. People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR G. G. Yagoda sent a note addressed to I. V. Stalin and V. M. Molotov, in which he proposed to additionally introduce personal insignia on buttonholes. This proposal was accepted. The new buttonholes were approved by decision of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks No. P39/32 dated April 24. and Resolution of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR No. 722 “On additional insignia for the commanding staff of the NKVD” dated 28.4. and introduced by NKVD order No. 152 of April 30. . Insignia similar to the sleeve ones were added to the buttonholes (gilded and silver-plated metal or embroidered stars, red enamel truncated triangles), but slightly different from them in location.

The question of insignia in the Special Departments remained open for some time due to agreements between the People's Commissariat of Defense and the NKVD. By joint order of the NKO/NKVD No. 91/183 dated May 23. The “Regulations on the Special Bodies of the GUGB NKVD of the USSR” were announced, according to which uniforms and insignia of military-political personnel of the corresponding rank were established for the purposes of secrecy for employees of the Special Departments of the NKVD who worked in the army.

1937

Special rank	Insignia
Commissioner General of State Security	one big star
Commissioner of State Security 1st Rank	small golden star and four diamonds
Commissioner of State Security 2nd Rank	four diamonds
Commissioner of State Security 3rd rank	three diamonds
Senior Major of State Security	two rhombuses
Major of State Security	one diamond
State Security Captain	three rectangles
Senior Lieutenant of State Security	two rectangles
Lieutenant of State Security	one rectangle
Junior Lieutenant of State Security	three squares
State Security Sergeant	two squares

1941 (including the beginning of the Great Patriotic War)

Special ranks of military personnel of the NKVD (NKGB since 1941) EXCEPT Marine forces border troops of the NKVD and NKVD troops including border troops
Special rank	Insignia
Special rank	in buttonholes	on the sleeves
State Security Sergeant	Two enamel squares
Junior Lieutenant of State Security	Three enamel squares	The badge is an oval embroidered on maroon cloth with a sword, sickle and hammer in the center. The oval and blade of the sword are silver, the hilt of the sword, the sickle and hammer are golden.
Lieutenant of State Security	One enamel rectangle : Incorrect or missing image	The badge is an oval embroidered on maroon cloth with a sword, sickle and hammer in the center. The oval and blade of the sword are silver, the hilt of the sword, the sickle and hammer are golden.
Senior Lieutenant of State Security	Two enamel rectangles : Incorrect or missing image	The badge is an oval embroidered on maroon cloth with a sword, sickle and hammer in the center. The oval and blade of the sword are silver, the hilt of the sword, the sickle and hammer are golden.
State Security Captain	Three enamel rectangles : Incorrect or missing image	The badge is an oval embroidered on maroon cloth with a sword, sickle and hammer in the center. The oval and blade of the sword are silver, the hilt of the sword, the sickle and hammer are golden.
Major of State Security	1 enamel diamond : Incorrect or missing image	The badge is an oval embroidered on maroon cloth with a sword, sickle and hammer in the center.
Senior Major of State Security (Commissioner of State Security)	2 enamel diamonds : Incorrect or missing image	The badge is an oval embroidered on maroon cloth with a sword, sickle and hammer in the center. The oval is golden in color, the sword, sickle and hammer are silver.
Commissioner of State Security 3rd rank	3 enamel diamonds : Incorrect or missing image	The badge is an oval embroidered on maroon cloth with a sword, sickle and hammer in the center. The oval is golden in color, the sword, sickle and hammer are silver.
Commissioner of State Security 2nd Rank	4 enamel diamonds : Incorrect or missing image	The badge is an oval embroidered on maroon cloth with a sword, sickle and hammer in the center. The oval is golden in color, the sword, sickle and hammer are silver.
Commissioner of State Security 1st Rank	Star and 4 enamel diamonds : Incorrect or missing image	The badge is an oval embroidered on maroon cloth with a sword, sickle and hammer in the center. The oval is golden in color, the sword, sickle and hammer are silver.
Commissioner General of State Security	Golden star with hammer and sickle	Golden star with hammer and sickle

By NKVD Order No. 126 dated 18.2. in accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR “On the introduction of new insignia for personnel of the NKVD bodies and troops” dated 9.2. instead of the existing buttonholes, new insignia were introduced - shoulder straps, and the rules for wearing uniforms by personnel of the NKVD CCCP bodies and troops were approved.

Ranks of state security officials

After the introduction of personal military ranks in the Red Army on September 22, 1935, the question arose about a similar reform in the NKVD of the USSR. The original project envisaged the adoption of a rank system completely identical to the army ranks command staff with the addition of the words “state security” (from a separate state security commander to a state security commander of the 1st rank), however, the command ranks did not reflect the functions of the commanding staff of the state security agencies and ultimately this project was not adopted.

Resolution of the Central Executive Committee No. 20 and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR No. 2256 of October 7. “On special ranks for the commanding staff of the GUGB NKVD of the USSR” (announced by NKVD order No. 319 of October 10.) special ranks were established for the commanding staff of the Main Directorate of State Security of the NKVD:

Resolution of the Central Election Commission and Council of People's Commissars dated 16.10. the “Regulations on the service of the commanding staff of the Main Directorate of State Security of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the USSR” was approved (announced by NKVD order No. 335 of October 23). It determined the order of assignment next ranks, procedure for appointment and dismissal of employees, insignia.

Resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR dated January 27, 1937 “On conferring the title of General Commissioner of State Security people's commissar Internal Affairs of the USSR comrade. Ezhov N.I.” The title of General Commissioner of State Security was awarded to Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov

By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of January 30, 1941 “On the assignment of Comrade Commissar of Internal Affairs to Comrade. Beria L.P. title of General Commissioner of State Security" The title of General Commissioner of State Security was awarded to Beria Lavrentiy Pavlovich, People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR.

By Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 9. The title of General Commissioner of State Security was abolished due to the equating of NKGB employees of the USSR with military personnel and the replacement of special state security ranks with military ones. On the same day, Beria was awarded the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union.

rank Marshal of the Soviet Union was assigned to the General Commissioner of State Security BERIA Lavrentiy Pavlovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR;
rank army general was assigned to the Commissar of State Security of the 1st rank Vsevolod Nikolaevich MERKULOV - People's Commissar of State Security of the USSR.

ABAKUMOV Viktor Semenovich - Head of the Main Counterintelligence Directorate of SMERSH NPO of the USSR;
GOGLIDZE Sergei Arsenievich - Head of the UNKGB for Khabarovsk region and the Commissioner of the NKGB for the Far East;
KOBULOV Bogdan Zakharovich - 1st Deputy People's Commissar of State Security of the USSR;
Sergei Nikiforovich KRUGLOV - 1st Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR;
PAVLOV Karp Aleksandrovich - head of the GUSHOSDOR NKVD of the USSR;
SEROV Ivan Aleksandrovich - Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR, Commissioner of the NKVD of the USSR for the State Council of Civil Wars of Civil War and Deputy Chief of the SVAG for Civil Administration Affairs;
CHERNYSHEV Vasily Vasilyevich - Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR;

BABKIN Alexey Nikitich - Commissioner of the NKVD-NKGB for the Latvian SSR;
BELCHENKO Sergei Savvich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Byelorussian SSR;
BLINOV Afanasy Sergeevich - head of the UNKGB for the Moscow region;
BOGDANOV Nikolai Kuzmich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Kazakh SSR;
Timofey Mikhailovich BORSHCHEV - head of the UNKGB for the Sverdlovsk region;
BURDAKOV Semyon Nikolaevich - Head of the Directorate of the Ukhto-Izhemsky ITL and the Ukhto-Izhemsky Combine of the NKVD;
VLASIK Nikolai Sidorovich - 1st Deputy Head of the 6th Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
VLODZIMIRSKY Lev Emelyanovich - Head of the Investigative Unit for Special Investigations important matters NKGB USSR;
VORONIN Alexander Ivanovich - head of the UNKGB for the Lvov region;
GVISHIANI Mikhail Maksimovich - head of the UNKGB for the Primorsky Territory;
GORLINSKY Nikolai Dmitrievich - head of the UNKGB for the Krasnodar Territory;
DOLGIKH Ivan Ilyich - head of the NKVD for the Khabarovsk Territory;
DROZDETSKY Pyotr Gavrilovich - Deputy People's Commissar of State Security of the Ukrainian SSR;
3EGNATASHVILI Alexander Yakovlevich - Head of the Directorate of Special Objects in Crimea of the NKVD of the USSR;
ZHUKOV Georgy Sergeevich - Head of the Special Settlements Department of the NKVD for the Novosibirsk Region;
ZHURAVLEV Mikhail Ivanovich - head of the NKVD for the Moscow region;
ZAVENYAGIN Abraham Pavlovich - Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR;
KARANADZE Grigory Teofilovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs Georgian SSR;
KOBULOV Amayak Zakharovich - Head of the Operations Department - 1st Deputy Head of the Main Directorate for Prisoners of War and Internees of the NKVD of the USSR;
KUBATKIN Petr Nikolaevich - head of the UNKGB for the Leningrad region;
LAPSHIN Evgeniy Petrovich - head of department “B” of the NKGB of the USSR;
LEONTIEV Alexander Mikhailovich - head of the Main Directorate for Combating Banditry of the NKVD of the USSR;
MAMULOV Stepan Solomonovich - Head of the Secretariat of the NKVD of the USSR;
MARKARYAN Ruben Ambartsumovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
MILSHTEIN Solomon Rafailovich - Head of the 3rd Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
NASEKIN Viktor Grigorievich - Head of the Main Directorate of ITL and Colonies of the NKVD of the USSR;
NIKISHOV Ivan Fedorovich - Commissioner of the NKVD of the USSR for Dalstroy;
OBRUCHNIKOV Boris Pavlovich - Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR for Personnel - Head of the Personnel Department of the NKVD of the USSR;
OGOLTSOV Sergei Ivanovich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Kazakh SSR;
RAIKHMAN Leonid Fedorovich - Deputy Head of the 2nd Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
RAPAVA Avksentiy Narikievich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Georgian SSR;
RODIONOV Dmitry Gavrilovich - head of the 1st department and deputy head of the 2nd Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
RUMYANTSEV Vasily Ivanovich - Deputy Head of the 4th Department of the 6th Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
RYASNY Vasily Stepanovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Ukrainian SSR;
SAVCHENKO Sergei Romanovich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Ukrainian SSR;
SAZYKIN Nikolai Stepanovich - Commissioner of the NKVD-NKGB for Estonia;
SAFRAZYAN Leon Bogdanovich - Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR and Head of the Main Directorate of Airfield Construction of the NKVD of the USSR;
SERGIENKO Vasily Timofeevich - head of the NKVD for the Crimean region;
SUDOPLATOV Pavel Anatolyevich - head of the 4th Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR, department “F” and group “C” of the NKVD of the USSR;
SUMBATOV (TOPURIDZE) Yuvelyan Davidovich - Head of the Economic Directorate of the NKVD of the USSR;
TKACHENKO Ivan Maksimovich - Commissioner of the NKVD-NKGB of the USSR for the Lithuanian SSR;
FEDOTOV Pavel Vasilievich - Head of the 2nd Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
FITIN Pavel Mikhailovich - Head of the 1st Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
FOKIN Petr Maksimovich - head of the UNKGB for the Crimean region;
Fedor Petrovich KHARITONOV - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Turkmen SSR;
TSANAVA Lavrentiy Fomich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Byelorussian SSR;
TSERETELI Shalva Otarovich - 1st Deputy People's Commissar of State Security of the Georgian SSR;
Ivan Grigorievich SHEVELEV - Head of the 5th Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
SHIKTOROV Ivan Sergeevich - head of the NKVD for the Leningrad region;
YAKUBOV Mir Teimur Mir Alekper-ogly - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Azerbaijan SSR;

ALLAHVERDOV Mikhail Andreevich - head of the 8th department of the 1st Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
ANDREEV Mikhail Aleksandrovich - head of the Government Communications Department of the NKVD of the USSR;
Dmitry Vasilievich ARKADYEV - Head of the Department of Railroad and Water Transportation of the NKVD of the USSR;
ATAKISHEV Agha-Salim Ibrahim-ogly - Deputy People's Commissar of State Security of the Azerbaijan SSR;
BABAJANOV Yuldash Babajanovich - Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Uzbek SSR;
Ivan Andrianovich BABKIN - Deputy Head of the Personnel Department of the NKGB of the USSR;
BARTASHIUNAS Joseph Martsianovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Lithuanian SSR;
Mikhail Ivanovich BASKAKOV - head of the UNKGB for the Gorky region;
BASHTAKOV Leonid Fokeevich - head of the Higher School of the NKGB of the USSR;
BEZHANOV Grigory Akimovich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Kabardian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
BELOLIPETSKY Stepan Efimovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
BZIAVA Konstantin Pavlovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Kabardian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
BLOKHIN Vasily Mikhailovich - Head of the Commandant's Department of Administrative, Economic and financial management NKGB USSR;
BOIKOV Ivan Pavlovich - head of the Bogoslovsky ITL and construction of the NKVD;
BUYANOV Leonid Sergeevich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
BYZOV Alexey Petrovich - head of the UNKGB for the Bryansk region;
BYKOV David Romanovich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
VLADIMIROV Vladimir Nikiforovich - head of the 3rd special department of the NKVD of the USSR;
GAGUA Illarion Avksentievich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
GERTSOVSKY Arkady Yakovlevich - head of Department “A” of the NKGB of the USSR;
GOLUBEV Nikolai Alekseevich - Commissioner of the NKVD-NKGB for Moldova;
GORBENKO Ivan Ivanovich - head of the NKVD for the Rostov region;
GORBULIN Pavel Nikolaevich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
Mikhail Vasilievich GRIBOV - People's Commissar of State Security of the Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
GRIGORYAN Khoren Ivanovich - Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Armenian SSR;
GRISHAKIN Alexander Dmitrievich - head of the NKVD for the Tula region;
Vladimir Vladimirovich GUBIN - head of the NKVD for the Yaroslavl region;
GUGUCHIA Alexander Illarionovich - Deputy People's Commissar of State Security of the Kazakh SSR for Personnel;
GUZYAVICHIUS Alexander Augustovich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Lithuanian SSR;
GULST Veniamin Naumovich - head of the 3rd department of the 3rd Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
DAVLIANIDZE Sergei Semenovich - Deputy People's Commissar of State Security of the Georgian SSR;
DEMIN Vladimir Ivanovich - head of the NKVD for the Arkhangelsk region;
DOBRYNIN Grigory Prokofyevich - 1st Deputy Head of the Main Directorate of ITL and Colonies of the NKVD of the USSR;
DROZDOV Viktor Aleksandrovich - at the disposal of the NKVD of the USSR;
EGOROV Sergei Egorovich - head of the 9th Directorate and deputy head of the Main Directorate of Camps of Mining and Metallurgical Enterprises of the NKVD of the USSR;
Stepan Fedorovich Emelyanov - People's Commissar of State Security of the Azerbaijan SSR;
ESIPENKO Daniil Ivanovich - Deputy People's Commissar of State Security of the Ukrainian SSR;
EFIMOV Dmitry Ardalionovich - Deputy People's Commissar of State Security of the Lithuanian SSR;
EFIMOV Sergei Aleksandrovich - head of the 5th department of the 1st department of the 6th Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
ZHURAVLEV Pavel Matveevich - resident of the NKGB in Cairo;
ZAVGORODNY Georgy Stepanovich - Deputy Head of the Main Directorate of ITL and Colonies of the NKVD of the USSR;
ZAKUSILA to Alexander Alekseevich - head of the NKVD for the Primorsky Territory;
ZAPEVALIN Mikhail Aleksandrovich - Deputy Head of Department “F” of the NKVD of the USSR;
ZARUBIN Vasily Mikhailovich - head of the 6th department of the 1st Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
ZAKHAROV Alexander Pavlovich - head of the NKVD for the Molotov region;
ZACHEPA Ivan Ivanovich - head of the UNKGB for the Molotov region;
ZVEREV Alexander Dmitrievich - head of the NKVD for the Gorky region;
Vladimir Vasilievich IVANOV - Head of the Secretariat of the Special Meeting of the NKVD of the USSR;
ILYUSHIN (EDELMAN) Ilya Izrailevich - head of the 2nd department and deputy head of the 2nd Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
KAVERZNEV Mikhail Kirillovich - head of the UNKGB for the Kuibyshev region;
KAKUCHAY Varlam Alekseevich - People's Commissar of State Security of the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
KALININSKY Mikhail Ivanovich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
KAPRALOV Petr Mikhailovich - Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Lithuanian SSR;
Georgy Grigorievich KARPOV - head of the 5th department of the 2nd Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
KLEPOV Sergei Alekseevich - Deputy Head of the 3rd Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
KOVSHUK-BEKMAN Mikhail Fomich - head of the UNKGB for the Krasnoyarsk Territory;
KOMAROV Georgy Yakovlevich - head of the Kolymsnab trust and deputy head of Dalstroy NKVD for supply;
KONDAKOV Petr Pavlovich - head of the UNKGB for the Novosibirsk region;
KOPYTTSEV Alexey Ivanovich - head of the 2nd department and deputy head of the 5th Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
Georgy Arkadyevich KORSAKOV - 2nd Deputy Chief of Dalstroy NKVD;
KOCHLAVASHVILI Alexander Ivanovich - 1st Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Georgian SSR;
KRAVCHENKO Valentin Aleksandrovich - head of the 4th special department of the NKVD of the USSR;
KUZNETSOV Alexander Konstantinovich - Head of the 6th Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
Sergei Fedorovich KUZMICHEV - Deputy Head of the 1st Department of the 6th Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
KUMMU Boris Gansovich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Estonian SSR;
LEONYUK Foma Akimovich - Head of the Department for Combating Child Homelessness and Neglect of the NKVD of the USSR;
LORENT Pyotr Pavlovich - Head of the Transport Department of the NKGB of the Moscow-Kursk Railway;
MALININ Leonid Andreevich - head of the UNKGB for the Ternopil region;
MALKOV Pavel Mikhailovich - head of the NKVD for the Ivanovo region;
MALTSEV Mikhail Mitrofanovich - head of the Vorkuto-Pechora ITL and Construction Department of the NKVD and head of the Vorkutaugol plant of the NKVD;
MARKEEV Mikhail Ivanovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Moldavian SSR;
Georgy Iosifovich MARTIROSOV - Deputy Head of the UNKGB for the Gorky Region;
MATEVOSOV Ivan Ivanovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Armenian SSR;
Alexander Petrovich MEDVEDEV - head of the NKVD for the Krasnoyarsk Territory;
MESCHANOV Pavel Samsonovich - head of the UNKGB for the Stavropol Territory;
MICHURIN-RAVER Mark Leontyevich - head of the 6th department of the NKGB of the Georgian SSR;
MORDOVIUS Joseph Lavrentievich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Moldavian SSR;
MOSHENSKY Avksentiy Leontievich - Head of the Transport Department of the NKGB of the Western Railway;
MUKHIN Andrey Fedorovich - head of the Transport Department of the NKGB of the Oktyabrskaya Railway;
NIBLADZE Irakli Ilyich - Deputy People's Commissar of State Security of the Georgian SSR for Personnel;
NIKITIN Dmitry Mikhailovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Karelo-Finnish SSR;
NIKITINSKY Joseph Illarionovich - Head of the Department state archives NKVD of the USSR;
NIKOLSKY Mikhail Ivanovich - head of the Prison Directorate of the NKVD of the USSR;
NOVIKS Alfons Andreevich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Latvian SSR;
NOVOBRATSKY Lev Ilyich - head of the 6th department of the 2nd Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
OVAKIMYAN Gaik Badalovich - Deputy Head of the 1st Directorate of the NKVD of the USSR;
OKUNEV Pavel Ignatievich - head of the NKVD for Dalstroy NKVD;
ORLOV Pavel Alexandrovich - Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Moldavian SSR;
OSYUNKIN Konstantin Pavlovich - Head of the District Transport Department of the NKGB railways Far East;
PAVLOV Vasily Pavlovich - head of the NKVD for the Kalinin region;
PAVLOV Mikhail Fedorovich - head of the NKVD for the Chelyabinsk region;
PAVLOV Nikolai Ivanovich - head of the NKVD for the Saratov region;
PAVLOV Semyon Nikiforovich - head of the UNKGB for the Yaroslavl region;
PANYUKOV Alexander Alekseevich - head of the Norilsk ITL Department and the NKVD plant;
PETRENKO Ivan Grigorievich - head of the Nizhne-Amur ITL NKVD Directorate;
PETROV Alexander Vasilievich - head of the NKVD for the Kuibyshev region;
PETROVSKY Fedor Pavlovich - head of the NKVD for the Novosibirsk region;
PITOVRANOV Evgeniy Petrovich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Uzbek SSR;
Sergei Innokentievich PLESTSOV - head of the UNKGB for the Arkhangelsk region;
POGUDIN Vasily Ivanovich - senior detective of the 1st department of the 2nd department of the 6th Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
POKOTILO to Sergei Viktorovich - head of the UNKGB for the Rostov region;
POPKOV Ivan Grigorievich - head of the NKVD for the Sverdlovsk region;
PORTNOV Ivan Borisovich - head of the NKVD for the Chita region;
POTASHNIK Matvey Moiseevich - Deputy Head of the UNKGB for the Chelyabinsk Region;
PROSHIN Vasily Stepanovich - Deputy Head of the Main Directorate for Combating Banditry of the NKVD of the USSR;
PCHELKIN Afanasy Afanasyevich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Kirghiz SSR;
RATUSHNY Nikolai Timofeevich - Deputy Head of the Main Directorate for Prisoners of War and Internees of the NKVD of the USSR;
REZEV Alexander Ioganesovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Estonian SSR;
RODOVANSKY Yakov Fedorovich - head of the 7th department of the 3rd Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
RUCHKIN Alexey Fedorovich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
SAVINOV Mikhail Ivanovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
SAMYGIN Dmitry Semenovich - head of the Transport Department of the NKGB of the Lenin Railway;
SAKHAROV Boris Sergeevich - senior detective of the Control and Inspection Group of the 6th Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
SVINELUPOV Mikhail Georgievich - Deputy People's Commissar of State Security of the USSR for Personnel - Head of the Personnel Department of the NKGB of the USSR;
SEMENOV Ivan Pavlovich - head of the NKVD for the Krasnoyarsk Territory;
SERIKOV Mikhail Kuzmich - Head of the Fire Department of the NKVD for the Leningrad Region;
SIDOROV Ivan Kuzmich - Head of the Political Directorate of Dalstroy NKVD;
SMIRNOV Vladimir Ivanovich - Head of the Counterintelligence Department SMERSH of the NKVD of the USSR;
SMIRNOV Pavel Petrovich - Head of the Administrative, Economic and Financial Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
SMORODINSKY Vladimir Timofeevich - head of department “B” of the NKGB of the USSR;
SOKOLOV Alexey Grigorievich - head of the UNKGB for the Omsk region;
SOPRUNENKO to Pyotr Karpovich - at the disposal of the NKVD of the USSR;
Alexei Georgievich STEFANOV - Head of the Special Inspectorate - Deputy Head of the Personnel Department of the NKVD of the USSR;
SUSLOV Nikolai Grigorievich - senior detective of the 3rd department of the 2nd department of the 6th Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;
SUKHODOLSKY Vladimir Nikolaevich - head of the UNKGB for the Tula region;
TEKAEV Boris Ilyich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic;
TIMOFEEV Mikhail Mikhailovich - Head of the Directorate of Timber Industry Camps of the NKVD of the USSR;
TOKAREV Dmitry Stepanovich - People's Commissar of State Security of the Tajik SSR;
TROFIMOV Boris Petrovich - head of the NKVD for the Kursk region;
TRUBNIKOV Vasily Matveevich - head of the NKVD for the Rivne region;
FILATOV Stepan Ivanovich - head of the UNKGB for the Molotov region;
FIRSANOV Kondraty Filippovich - head of the NKVD for the Bryansk region;
KHARCHENKO Andrey Vladimirovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Tajik SSR;
Dmitry Nikolaevich SHADRIN - Head of the 2nd Department and Deputy Head of the 6th Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR
SHAMARIN Andrey Vasilievich - head of the NKVD for the Kemerovo region;
SHEMENA Semyon Ivanovich - Head of the 2nd Directorate - Deputy Head of the Main Directorate for Prisoners of War and Internees of the NKVD of the USSR;
SHITIKOV Nikita Ionovich - Head of the Department of Testing and Filtration Camps of the NKVD of the USSR;
SHPIGOV Nikolai Semenovich - Deputy Head of the Office of the Commandant of the Moscow Kremlin of the NKGB of the USSR for Economic Affairs;
EGLIT August Petrovich - People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Latvian SSR;
EITINGON Naum Isaakovich - Deputy Head of the 4th Directorate of the NKVD of the USSR;
ESAULOV Anatoly Aleksandrovich - Deputy People's Commissar of State Security of the Belarusian SSR;
YUKHIMOVICH Semyon Petrovich - head of the NKVD for the Odessa region;
YAKOVLEV Vasily Terentyevich - head of the 2nd department of the 1st Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR;

Subsequently, general ranks were not awarded until 1954.

The announced military ranks for employees of the MGB were again replaced by special ranks. At the same time, recertification of senior management personnel was not carried out. In the same Decree, paragraph 5:

5. Extend the action to the personnel of the transport police of the USSR Ministry of State Security.

Ranks and insignia of police officers

By the Decree of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of April 26, 1936 “On special ranks and insignia of personnel of the Workers' and Peasants' Militia of the NKVD of the USSR” special ranks were established for the Workers' and Peasants' Militia of the NKVD:

Commanding staff:

platoon commander, sergeant major;

Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR “On the ranks of commanding personnel of the NKVD and police bodies” dated 09.02. New special ranks have been established for police personnel:

police commissioner 1st rank;
police commissioner 2nd rank;
police commissioner 3rd rank;
police colonel;
police lieutenant colonel;
police major;
police captain;
senior police lieutenant;
police lieutenant;
junior police lieutenant.
police sergeant;
senior police sergeant;
police sergeant;
junior police sergeant;
senior police officer;
policeman.

Shoulder straps for police officers, model 1943

Police Commissioner 1st Rank

Police Commissioner II Rank

Police Commissioner III rank

Colonel of militia.png

Police Colonel

Lieutenant colonel of militia.gif

Police Lieutenant Colonel

Major of militia.gif

Police Major

Captain of militia.png

Police captain

Senior lieutenant of militia.gif

Senior police lieutenant

Junior lieutenant of militia.gif

Junior police lieutenant

Sergeant major of militia.gif

Police sergeant

Senior sergeant of militia.gif

Senior Police Sergeant

Sergeant of militia.gif

Police Sergeant

Junior sergeant of militia.gif

Junior police sergeant

Senior militiaman.gif

Senior policeman

Policeman

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Notes

Allied bodies

Representative

Executive

Republican Bodies †

Representative

Executive

Local authorities

Representative

Executive

Allied bodies

Republican Bodies †

Local authorities

Other organs



People's Commissars

Deputies People's Commissioner

Main departments

Others divisions



Chiefs of the GUGB

Deputy heads of the GUGB

Heads of the counterintelligence department

Heads of the secret political department

Heads of the special department

Heads of the foreign department

Heads of the Investigative Unit

Special ranks



Types

Russian empire

USSR

Russian Federation

Post-Soviet space

An excerpt characterizing the ranks and insignia of employees of the NKVD and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR

When Kutuzov left the office and walked down the hall with his heavy, diving gait, head down, someone’s voice stopped him.
“Your Grace,” someone said.
Kutuzov raised his head and looked for a long time into the eyes of Count Tolstoy, who stood in front of him with some small thing on a silver platter. Kutuzov did not seem to understand what they wanted from him.
Suddenly he seemed to remember: a barely noticeable smile flashed on his plump face, and he, bending low, respectfully, took the object lying on the platter. This was George 1st degree.

The next day the field marshal had dinner and a ball, which the sovereign honored with his presence. Kutuzov was awarded George 1st degree; the sovereign showed him the highest honors; but the sovereign’s displeasure against the field marshal was known to everyone. Decency was observed, and the sovereign showed the first example of this; but everyone knew that the old man was guilty and no good. When, at the ball, Kutuzov, according to Catherine’s old habit, upon the Emperor’s entrance into the ballroom, ordered the taken banners to be laid down at his feet, the Emperor frowned unpleasantly and uttered words in which some heard: “old comedian.”
The sovereign's displeasure against Kutuzov intensified in Vilna, especially because Kutuzov obviously did not want or could not understand the significance of the upcoming campaign.
When the next morning the sovereign said to the officers gathered at his place: “You saved more than just Russia; you saved Europe,” everyone already understood that the war was not over.
Only Kutuzov did not want to understand this and openly expressed his opinion that a new war could not improve the situation and increase the glory of Russia, but could only worsen its position and reduce that highest degree glory, on which, in his opinion, Russia now stood. He tried to prove to the sovereign the impossibility of recruiting new troops; spoke about the difficult situation of the population, the possibility of failure, etc.
In such a mood, the field marshal, naturally, seemed to be only a hindrance and a brake on the upcoming war.
To avoid clashes with the old man, a way out was found by itself, which consisted in, as at Austerlitz and as at the beginning of the campaign under Barclay, to remove from under the commander-in-chief, without disturbing him, without announcing to him that the ground of power on which he stood , and transfer it to the sovereign himself.
For this purpose, the headquarters was gradually reorganized, and all the significant strength of Kutuzov’s headquarters was destroyed and transferred to the sovereign. Tol, Konovnitsyn, Ermolov - received other appointments. Everyone said loudly that the field marshal had become very weak and was upset about his health.
He had to be in poor health in order to transfer his place to the one who took his place. And indeed, his health was poor.
Just as naturally, and simply, and gradually, Kutuzov came from Turkey to the treasury chamber of St. Petersburg to collect the militia and then into the army, precisely when he was needed, just as naturally, gradually and simply now, when Kutuzov’s role was played, to take his place a new, needed figure appeared.
The war of 1812, in addition to its national significance dear to the Russian heart, should have had another – European one.
The movement of peoples from West to East had to be followed by the movement of peoples from East to West, and for this new war a new figure was needed, having different properties and views than Kutuzov, driven by different motives.
Alexander the First was as necessary for the movement of peoples from east to west and for the restoration of the borders of peoples as Kutuzov was necessary for the salvation and glory of Russia.
Kutuzov did not understand what Europe, balance, Napoleon meant. He couldn't understand it. The representative of the Russian people, after the enemy was destroyed, Russia was liberated and placed at the highest level of its glory, the Russian person, as a Russian, had nothing more to do. The representative of the people's war had no choice but death. And he died.

Pierre, as most often happens, felt the full weight of the physical deprivations and stresses experienced in captivity only when these stresses and deprivations ended. After his release from captivity, he came to Orel and on the third day of his arrival, while he was going to Kyiv, he fell ill and lay sick in Orel for three months; As the doctors said, he suffered from bilious fever. Despite the fact that the doctors treated him, bled him and gave him medicine to drink, he still recovered.
Everything that happened to Pierre from the time of his liberation until his illness left almost no impression on him. He remembered only grey, gloomy, sometimes rainy, sometimes snowy weather, internal physical melancholy, pain in his legs, in his side; remembered general impression misfortunes, suffering of people; he remembered the curiosity that disturbed him from the officers and generals who questioned him, his efforts to find a carriage and horses, and, most importantly, he remembered his inability to think and feel at that time. On the day of his release, he saw the corpse of Petya Rostov. On the same day, he learned that Prince Andrei had been alive for more than a month after the Battle of Borodino and had only recently died in Yaroslavl, in the Rostov house. And on the same day, Denisov, who reported this news to Pierre, between conversations mentioned Helen’s death, suggesting that Pierre had known this for a long time. All this seemed strange to Pierre at the time. He felt that he could not understand the meaning of all this news. He was only in a hurry then, as quickly as possible, to leave these places where people were killing each other, to some quiet refuge and there to come to his senses, rest and think about all the strange and new things that he had learned during this time. But as soon as he arrived in Orel, he fell ill. Waking up from his illness, Pierre saw around him his two people who had arrived from Moscow - Terenty and Vaska, and the eldest princess, who, living in Yelets, on Pierre's estate, and having learned about his release and illness, came to him to visit behind him.
During his recovery, Pierre only gradually unaccustomed himself to the impressions of the last months that had become familiar to him and got used to the fact that no one would drive him anywhere tomorrow, that no one would take his warm bed away, and that he would probably have lunch, tea, and dinner. But in his dreams, for a long time he saw himself in the same conditions of captivity. Pierre also gradually understood the news that he learned after his release from captivity: the death of Prince Andrei, the death of his wife, the destruction of the French.
A joyful feeling of freedom - that complete, inalienable, inherent freedom of man, the consciousness of which he first experienced at his first rest stop, when leaving Moscow, filled Pierre's soul during his recovery. He was surprised that this inner freedom, independent of external circumstances, now seemed to be furnished in abundance, with luxury and external freedom. He was alone in a strange city, without acquaintances. Nobody demanded anything from him; they didn’t send him anywhere. He had everything he wanted; The thought of his wife that had always tormented him before was no longer there, since she no longer existed.
- Oh, how good! How nice! - he said to himself when they brought him a cleanly set table with fragrant broth, or when he lay down on a soft, clean bed at night, or when he remembered that his wife and the French were no more. - Oh, how good, how nice! - And out of old habit, he asked himself: well, then what? What will i do? And immediately he answered himself: nothing. I will live. Oh, how nice!
The very thing that tormented him before, what he was constantly looking for, the purpose of life, now did not exist for him. It was no coincidence that this sought-after goal of life did not exist for him at the present moment, but he felt that it did not and could not exist. And it was this lack of purpose that gave him that complete, joyful consciousness of freedom, which at that time constituted his happiness.
He could not have a goal, because he now had faith - not faith in some rules, or words, or thoughts, but faith in a living, always felt God. Previously, he sought it for the purposes that he set for himself. This search for a goal was only a search for God; and suddenly he learned in his captivity, not in words, not by reasoning, but by direct feeling, what his nanny had told him long ago: that God is here, here, everywhere. In captivity, he learned that God in Karataev is greater, infinite and incomprehensible than in the Architect of the universe recognized by the Freemasons. He experienced the feeling of a man who had found what he was looking for under his feet, while he strained his eyesight, looking far away from himself. All his life he had been looking somewhere, over the heads of the people around him, but he should have not strained his eyes, but only looked in front of him.
He had not been able to see before the great, incomprehensible and infinite in anything. He just felt that it must be somewhere and looked for it. In everything close and understandable, he saw something limited, petty, everyday, meaningless. He armed himself with a mental telescope and looked into the distance, to where this small, everyday thing, hiding in the fog of the distance, seemed great and endless to him only because it was not clearly visible. This is how he imagined European life, politics, Freemasonry, philosophy, philanthropy. But even then, in those moments that he considered his weakness, his mind penetrated into this distance, and there he saw the same petty, everyday, meaningless things. Now he had learned to see the great, the eternal and the infinite in everything, and therefore naturally, in order to see it, to enjoy its contemplation, he threw down the pipe into which he had been looking until now through the heads of people, and joyfully contemplated the ever-changing, ever-great world around him. , incomprehensible and endless life. And the closer he looked, the more calm and happy he was. Previously, the terrible question that destroyed all his mental structures was: why? did not exist for him now. Now to this question - why? a simple answer was always ready in his soul: because there is a God, that God, without whose will a hair will not fall from a man’s head.

Pierre has hardly changed in his external techniques. He looked exactly the same as he had been before. Just as before, he was distracted and seemed preoccupied not with what was in front of his eyes, but with something special of his own. The difference between his previous and present state was that before, when he forgot what was in front of him, what was said to him, he, wrinkling his forehead in pain, seemed to be trying and could not see something far away from him . Now he also forgot what was said to him and what was in front of him; but now, with a barely noticeable, seemingly mocking, smile, he peered at what was in front of him, listened to what was being said to him, although obviously he saw and heard something completely different. Before, although he seemed to be a kind person, he was unhappy; and therefore people involuntarily moved away from him. Now a smile of the joy of life constantly played around his mouth, and his eyes shone with concern for people - the question: are they as happy as he is? And people were pleased in his presence.
Before, he talked a lot, got excited when he spoke, and listened little; Now he rarely got carried away in conversation and knew how to listen so that people willingly told him their most intimate secrets.
The princess, who had never loved Pierre and had a particularly hostile feeling towards him since, after the death of the old count, she felt obliged to Pierre, to her chagrin and surprise, after a short stay in Orel, where she came with the intention of proving to Pierre that, Despite his ingratitude, she considers it her duty to follow him; the princess soon felt that she loved him. Pierre did nothing to ingratiate himself with the princess. He just looked at her with curiosity. Previously, the princess felt that in his gaze at her there was indifference and mockery, and she, as before other people, shrank before him and showed only her fighting side of life; now, on the contrary, she felt that he seemed to be digging into the most intimate aspects of her life; and she, at first with distrust, and then with gratitude, showed him the hidden good sides of her character.
The most cunning person could not have more skillfully insinuated himself into the princess’s confidence, evoking her memories of the best time of her youth and showing sympathy for them. Meanwhile, Pierre’s whole cunning consisted only in the fact that he sought his own pleasure, evoking human feelings in the embittered, dry and proud princess.
- Yes, he is very, very a kind person“When she is under the influence not of bad people, but of people like me,” the princess told herself.
The change that took place in Pierre was noticed in their own way by his servants, Terenty and Vaska. They found that he had slept a lot. Terenty often, having undressed the master, with boots and dress in his hand, wishing him good night, hesitated to leave, waiting to see if the master would enter into conversation. And for the most part Pierre stopped Terenty, noticing that he wanted to talk.
- Well, tell me... how did you get food for yourself? - he asked. And Terenty began a story about the Moscow ruin, about the late count, and stood for a long time with his dress, telling, and sometimes listening to, Pierre’s stories, and, with a pleasant consciousness of the master’s closeness to him and friendliness towards him, he went into the hallway.
The doctor who treated Pierre and visited him every day, despite the fact that, according to the duties of doctors, he considered it his duty to look like a man whose every minute is precious for suffering humanity, sat for hours with Pierre, telling his favorite stories and observations on the morals of patients in general and especially ladies.
“Yes, it’s nice to talk to such a person, not like here in the provinces,” he said.
Several captured French officers lived in Orel, and the doctor brought one of them, a young Italian officer.
This officer began to visit Pierre, and the princess laughed at the tender feelings that the Italian expressed towards Pierre.
The Italian, apparently, was happy only when he could come to Pierre and talk and tell him about his past, about his home life, about his love and pour out his indignation at the French, and especially at Napoleon.
“If all Russians are even a little like you,” he said to Pierre, “est un sacrilege que de faire la guerre a un peuple comme le votre. [It’s blasphemy to fight with a people like you.] You, who have suffered so much from the French, you don’t even have any malice against them.
And Pierre now deserved the passionate love of the Italian only because he aroused in him best sides his souls and admired them.
During the last period of Pierre's stay in Oryol, his old freemason acquaintance, Count Villarsky, came to see him, the same one who introduced him to the lodge in 1807. Villarsky was married to a rich Russian woman who had large estates in the Oryol province, and occupied a temporary position in the city in the food department.
Having learned that Bezukhov was in Orel, Villarsky, although he had never been briefly acquainted with him, came to him with those statements of friendship and intimacy that people usually express to each other when meeting in the desert. Villarsky was bored in Orel and was happy to meet a person of the same circle as himself and with the same, as he believed, interests.
But, to his surprise, Villarsky soon noticed that Pierre was very far behind real life and had fallen, as he himself defined Pierre, into apathy and selfishness.
“Vous vous encroutez, mon cher,” he told him. Despite this, Villarsky was now more pleasant with Pierre than before, and he visited him every day. For Pierre, looking at Villarsky and listening to him now, it was strange and incredible to think that he himself had very recently been the same.
Villarsky was married, a family man, busy with the affairs of his wife’s estate, his service, and his family. He believed that all these activities were a hindrance in life and that they were all despicable because they were aimed at the personal good of him and his family. Military, administrative, political, and Masonic considerations constantly absorbed his attention. And Pierre, without trying to change his view, without condemning him, with his now constantly quiet, joyful mockery, admired this strange phenomenon, so familiar to him.
In his relations with Villarsky, with the princess, with the doctor, with all the people with whom he now met, Pierre had a new trait that earned him the favor of all people: this recognition of the ability of each person to think, feel and look at things in his own way; recognition of the impossibility of words to dissuade a person. This legitimate characteristic of every person, which previously worried and irritated Pierre, now formed the basis of the participation and interest that he took in people. The difference, sometimes the complete contradiction of people's views with their lives and with each other, pleased Pierre and aroused in him a mocking and gentle smile.
In practical matters, Pierre suddenly now felt that he had a center of gravity that he did not have before. Previously, every money question, especially requests for money, to which he, as a very rich man, was subjected very often, led him into hopeless unrest and bewilderment. “To give or not to give?” - he asked himself. “I have it, but he needs it. But someone else needs it even more. Who needs it more? Or maybe both are deceivers? And from all these assumptions he had previously not found any way out and gave to everyone while he had something to give. He had been in exactly the same bewilderment before with every question concerning his condition, when one said that it was necessary to do this, and the other - another.
Now, to his surprise, he found that in all these questions there were no more doubts and perplexities. A judge now appeared in him, according to some laws unknown to himself, deciding what was necessary and what should not be done.
He was just as indifferent to money matters as before; but now he undoubtedly knew what he should do and what he should not do. The first application of this new judge for him was the request of a captured French colonel, who came to him, talked a lot about his exploits and in the end almost declared a demand that Pierre give him four thousand francs to send to his wife and children. Pierre refused him without the slightest difficulty or tension, marveling later at how simple and easy it was that which had previously seemed insurmountably difficult. At the same time, immediately refusing the colonel, he decided that it was necessary to use cunning in order to force the Italian officer, when leaving Orel, to take the money that he apparently needed. New proof for Pierre of his established view of practical matters was his solution to the issue of his wife’s debts and the renewal or non-renewal of Moscow houses and dachas.
His chief manager came to see him in Oryol, and with him Pierre made a general account of his changing income. The Moscow fire cost Pierre, according to the chief manager’s accounts, about two million.
The chief manager, to console these losses, presented Pierre with a calculation that, despite these losses, his income not only would not decrease, but would increase if he refused to pay the debts remaining after the countess, to which he could not be obliged, and if he does not renew the Moscow houses and the Moscow region, which cost eighty thousand annually and brought nothing.
“Yes, yes, it’s true,” said Pierre, smiling cheerfully. - Yes, yes, I don’t need any of this. I became much richer from ruin.
But in January Savelich arrived from Moscow, told him about the situation in Moscow, about the estimate that the architect made for him to renovate the house and the Moscow region, speaking about it as if it was a settled matter. At the same time, Pierre received a letter from Prince Vasily and other acquaintances from St. Petersburg. The letters talked about his wife's debts. And Pierre decided that the manager’s plan, which he liked so much, was wrong and that he needed to go to St. Petersburg to finish off his wife’s affairs and build in Moscow. Why this was necessary, he did not know; but he knew without a doubt that it was necessary. As a result of this decision, his income decreased by three quarters. But it was necessary; he felt it.
Villarsky was traveling to Moscow, and they agreed to go together.
Pierre experienced a feeling of joy, freedom, life throughout his recovery in Orel; but when, during his travels, he found himself in the free world and saw hundreds of new faces, this feeling intensified even more. Throughout the trip he felt the joy of a schoolboy on vacation. All persons: the coachman, the caretaker, the men on the road or in the village - everything was important to him. new meaning. The presence and comments of Villarsky, who constantly complained about poverty, backwardness from Europe, and ignorance of Russia, only increased Pierre's joy. Where Villarsky saw deadness, Pierre saw an extraordinary powerful force of vitality, that force that in the snow, in this space, supported the life of this whole, special and united people. He did not contradict Villarsky and, as if agreeing with him (since feigned agreement was the shortest way to bypass reasoning from which nothing could come of it), smiled joyfully as he listened to him.

Just as it is difficult to explain why and where ants rush from a scattered hummock, some away from the hummock, dragging specks, eggs and dead bodies, others back into the hummock - why they collide, catch up with each other, fight - it is just as difficult It would be possible to explain the reasons that forced the Russian people, after the French left, to crowd into the place that was formerly called Moscow. But just as, looking at the ants scattered around a devastated hummock, despite the complete destruction of the hummock, one can see from the tenacity, energy, and countless swarming insects that everything has been destroyed except for something indestructible, immaterial, which makes up the entire strength of the hummock - so too and Moscow, in the month of October, despite the fact that there were no authorities, no churches, no shrines, no wealth, no houses, Moscow was the same as it was in August. Everything was destroyed, except for something insubstantial, but powerful and indestructible.
The motives of people rushing from all sides to Moscow after its cleansing from the enemy were the most varied, personal, and at first mostly wild, animal. There was only one impulse common to everyone - this desire to go there, to that place that was formerly called Moscow, to carry out their activities there.
A week later there were already fifteen thousand inhabitants in Moscow, after two there were twenty-five thousand, etc. Rising and rising, this number by the autumn of 1813 reached a figure exceeding the population of the 12th year.
The first Russian people who entered Moscow were the Cossacks of the Wintzingerode detachment, men from neighboring villages and residents who fled from Moscow and were hiding in its environs. The Russians who entered devastated Moscow, finding it plundered, also began to plunder. They continued what the French were doing. Convoys of men came to Moscow in order to take away to the villages everything that had been thrown along the ruined Moscow houses and streets. The Cossacks took what they could to their headquarters; the owners of the houses took everything that they found in other houses and brought it to themselves under the pretext that it was their property.
But after the first robbers came others, third ones, and the robbery every day, as the number of robbers increased, became more and more difficult and took on more definite forms.
The French found Moscow, although empty, with all the forms of an organically correctly living city, with its various departments of trade, crafts, luxury, government, and religion. These forms were lifeless, but they still existed. There were rows, benches, stores, warehouses, bazaars - most with goods; there were factories craft establishments; there were palaces, rich houses filled with luxury goods; there were hospitals, prisons, public places, churches, cathedrals. The longer the French stayed, the more these forms of urban life were destroyed, and in the end everything merged into one indivisible, lifeless field of plunder.
The robbery of the French, the more it continued, the more it destroyed the wealth of Moscow and the forces of the robbers. The robbery of the Russians, with which the occupation of the capital by the Russians began, the longer it lasted, the more participants there were in it, the faster it restored the wealth of Moscow and the correct life of the city.
In addition to robbers, the people are the most diverse, drawn - some by curiosity, some by duty of service, some by calculation - homeowners, clergy, high and low officials, merchants, artisans, men - with different sides, like blood to the heart, flowed to Moscow.
A week later, the men who arrived with empty carts to take away things were stopped by the authorities and forced to take the dead bodies out of the city. Other men, having heard about the failure of their comrades, came to the city with bread, oats, hay, lowering the price for each other to a price lower than the previous one. Artels of carpenters, hoping for expensive earnings, entered Moscow every day, and new ones were cut from all sides, and burnt houses were repaired. Merchants opened trade in booths. Taverns and inns were set up in burnt houses. The clergy resumed services in many churches that had not burned. Donors brought looted church items. The officials arranged their tables with cloth and cabinets with papers in small rooms. The higher authorities and the police ordered the distribution of the goods left behind by the French. The owners of those houses in which a lot of things brought from other houses were left complained about the injustice of bringing all the things to the Faceted Chamber; others insisted that the French had brought things from different houses to one place, and therefore it was unfair to give the owner of the house those things that were found with him. They scolded the police; bribed her; they wrote ten times the estimates for the burnt government items; demanded assistance. Count Rastopchin wrote his proclamations.

At the end of January, Pierre arrived in Moscow and settled in the surviving outbuilding. He went to see Count Rastopchin and some acquaintances who had returned to Moscow, and was planning to go to St. Petersburg on the third day. Everyone celebrated the victory; everything was seething with life in the ruined and reviving capital. Everyone was happy to see Pierre; everyone wanted to see him, and everyone asked him about what he had seen. Pierre felt especially friendly towards all the people he met; but now he involuntarily kept himself on guard with all people, so as not to tie himself to anything. He answered all questions that were put to him, whether important or most insignificant, with the same vagueness; Did they ask him: where will he live? will it be built? when is he going to St. Petersburg and will he undertake to carry the box? - he answered: yes, maybe, I think, etc.
He heard about the Rostovs, that they were in Kostroma, and the thought of Natasha rarely came to him. If she came, it was only as a pleasant memory of the long past. He felt free not only from everyday conditions, but also from this feeling, which, as it seemed to him, he had deliberately brought upon himself.
On the third day of his arrival in Moscow, he learned from the Drubetskys that Princess Marya was in Moscow. Death, suffering, and the last days of Prince Andrei often occupied Pierre and now came to his mind with new vividness. Having learned at dinner that Princess Marya was in Moscow and was living in her unburned house on Vzdvizhenka, he went to see her that same evening.
On the way to Princess Marya, Pierre kept thinking about Prince Andrei, about his friendship with him, about various meetings with him, and especially about the last one in Borodino.
“Did he really die in the angry mood he was in then? Wasn’t the explanation of life revealed to him before his death?” - thought Pierre. He remembered Karataev, about his death, and involuntarily began to compare these two people, so different and at the same time so similar in love that he had for both, and because both lived and both died.
In the most serious mood, Pierre drove up to the old prince's house. This house survived. It showed signs of destruction, but the character of the house was the same. An old waiter with a stern face who met Pierre, as if wanting to make the guest feel that the prince’s absence did not disturb the order of the house, said that the princess deigned to go to her rooms and was received on Sundays.
- Report; maybe they’ll accept it,” said Pierre.
“I’m listening,” answered the waiter, “please go to the portrait room.”
A few minutes later the waiter and Desalles came out to see Pierre. Desalles, on behalf of the princess, told Pierre that she was very glad to see him and asked, if he would excuse her for her impudence, to go upstairs to her rooms.
In a low room, lit by one candle, the princess and someone else were sitting with her, in a black dress. Pierre remembered that the princess always had companions with her. Who these companions were and what they were like, Pierre did not know and did not remember. “This is one of the companions,” he thought, looking at the lady in a black dress.
The princess quickly stood up to meet him and extended her hand.
“Yes,” she said, peering into his changed face after he kissed her hand, “this is how you and I meet.” They Lately often talked about you,” she said, turning her eyes from Pierre to her companion with a shyness that struck Pierre for a moment.
“I was so glad to hear about your salvation.” This was the only good news we received for a long time. - Again, the princess looked back at her companion even more restlessly and wanted to say something; but Pierre interrupted her.
“You can imagine that I knew nothing about him,” he said. “I thought he was killed.” Everything I learned, I learned from others, through third hands. I only know that he ended up with the Rostovs... What a fate!
Pierre spoke quickly and animatedly. He looked once at the face of his companion, saw a carefully, affectionately curious gaze fixed on him, and, as often happens during a conversation, for some reason he felt that this companion in a black dress was a sweet, kind, nice creature who would not disturb him. intimate conversation with Princess Marya.
But when he said the last words about the Rostovs, the confusion in Princess Marya’s face was expressed even more strongly. She again ran her eyes from Pierre’s face to the face of the lady in a black dress and said:
– Don’t you recognize it?
Pierre looked again at the pale, thin face of his companion, with black eyes and a strange mouth. Something dear, long forgotten and more than sweet looked at him from those attentive eyes.
“But no, this can’t be,” he thought. – Is this a stern, thin and pale, aged face? It can't be her. This is just a memory of that.” But at this time Princess Marya said: “Natasha.” And the face, with attentive eyes, with difficulty, with effort, like a rusty door opening, smiled, and from this open door it suddenly smelled and doused Pierre with that long-forgotten happiness, which, especially now, he did not think about. It smelled, engulfed and swallowed him all up. When she smiled, there could no longer be any doubt: it was Natasha, and he loved her.
In the very first minute, Pierre involuntarily told both her, Princess Marya, and, most importantly, himself a secret unknown to him. He blushed joyfully and painfully. He wanted to hide his excitement. But the more he wanted to hide it, the more clearly—more clearly than in the most definite words—he told himself, and her, and Princess Marya that he loved her.
“No, it’s just out of surprise,” thought Pierre. But just as he wanted to continue the conversation he had begun with Princess Marya, he looked at Natasha again, and an even stronger blush covered his face, and an even stronger emotion of joy and fear gripped his soul. He got lost in his words and stopped mid-speech.
Pierre did not notice Natasha, because he did not expect to see her here, but he did not recognize her because the change that had happened in her since he had not seen her was enormous. She lost weight and became pale. But this was not what made her unrecognizable: she could not be recognized in the first minute when he entered, because on this face, in whose eyes before there had always shone a hidden smile of the joy of life, now, when he entered and looked at her for the first time, there was no there was a hint of a smile; there were only eyes, attentive, kind and sadly questioning.
Pierre's embarrassment did not affect Natasha with embarrassment, but only with pleasure, which subtly illuminated her entire face.

“She came to visit me,” said Princess Marya. – The Count and Countess will be there one of these days. The Countess is in a terrible situation. But Natasha herself needed to see the doctor. She was forcibly sent with me.
– Yes, is there a family without its own grief? - Pierre said, turning to Natasha. – You know that it was on the very day we were released. I saw him. What a lovely boy he was.
Natasha looked at him, and in response to his words, her eyes only opened more and lit up.
– What can you say or think for consolation? - said Pierre. - Nothing. Why did such a glorious one die? full of life boy?
“Yes, in our time it would be difficult to live without faith...” said Princess Marya.
- Yes Yes. “This is the true truth,” Pierre hastily interrupted.
- From what? – Natasha asked, looking carefully into Pierre’s eyes.
- How why? - said Princess Marya. – One thought about what awaits there...
Natasha, without listening to Princess Marya, again looked questioningly at Pierre.
“And because,” Pierre continued, “only that person who believes that there is a God who controls us can endure such a loss as hers and ... yours,” said Pierre.
Natasha opened her mouth, wanting to say something, but suddenly stopped. Pierre hastened to turn away from her and turned again to Princess Marya with a question about the last days of his friend’s life. Pierre's embarrassment had now almost disappeared; but at the same time he felt that all his former freedom had disappeared. He felt that over his every word and action there was now a judge, a court that was dearer to him than the court of all people in the world. He spoke now and, along with his words, reflected on the impression that his words made on Natasha. He did not deliberately say anything that might please her; but, no matter what he said, he judged himself from her point of view.
Princess Marya reluctantly, as always happens, began to talk about the situation in which she found Prince Andrei. But Pierre's questions, his animatedly restless gaze, his face trembling with excitement little by little forced her to go into details that she was afraid to recreate for herself in her imagination.
“Yes, yes, so, so...” said Pierre, bending forward with his whole body over Princess Marya and eagerly listening to her story. - Yes Yes; so has he calmed down? softened? He always sought one thing with all the strength of his soul; be quite good that he could not be afraid of death. The shortcomings that were in him - if there were any - did not come from him. So has he relented? - said Pierre. “What a blessing that he met you,” he said to Natasha, suddenly turning to her and looking at her with eyes full of tears.
Natasha's face trembled. She frowned and lowered her eyes for a moment. She hesitated for a minute: to speak or not to speak?
“Yes, it was happiness,” she said quietly. in a chesty voice, – for me it was probably happiness. – She paused. “And he... he... he said that he wanted this, the minute I came to him...” Natasha’s voice broke off. She blushed, clasped her hands on her knees and suddenly, apparently making an effort on herself, raised her head and quickly began to say:
– We didn’t know anything when we drove from Moscow. I didn't dare ask about him. And suddenly Sonya told me that he was with us. I didn’t think anything, I couldn’t imagine what position he was in; I just needed to see him, to be with him,” she said, trembling and gasping for breath. And, not allowing herself to be interrupted, she told what she had never told anyone before: everything that she experienced in those three weeks of their journey and life in Yaroslavl.
Pierre listened to her with his mouth open and without taking his eyes off her, full of tears. Listening to her, he did not think about Prince Andrei, or about death, or about what she was telling. He listened to her and only pitied her for the suffering she was now experiencing as she spoke.
The princess, wincing with the desire to hold back tears, sat next to Natasha and listened for the first time to the story of these last days of love between her brother and Natasha.
This painful and joyful story was apparently necessary for Natasha.
She spoke, mixing the most insignificant details with the most intimate secrets, and it seemed that she could never finish. She repeated the same thing several times.
Behind the door, Desalles' voice was heard asking if Nikolushka could come in to say goodbye.
“Yes, that’s all, that’s all...” said Natasha. She quickly stood up just as Nikolushka was entering, and almost ran to the door, hit her head on the door covered with a curtain, and with a groan of either pain or sadness burst out of the room.
Pierre looked at the door through which she went out and did not understand why he was suddenly left alone in the whole world.
Princess Marya called him out of his absent-mindedness, drawing his attention to his nephew, who entered the room.
Nikolushka’s face, similar to his father, in the moment of spiritual softening in which Pierre was now, had such an effect on him that he, having kissed Nikolushka, hastily stood up and, taking out a handkerchief, went to the window. He wanted to say goodbye to Princess Marya, but she held him back.
– No, Natasha and I sometimes don’t sleep until three o’clock; please sit. I'll give you dinner. Go down; we'll be there now.
Before Pierre left, the princess said to him:
“This is the first time she spoke about him like that.”

Pierre was led into the large, illuminated dining room; a few minutes later steps were heard, and the princess and Natasha entered the room. Natasha was calm, although a stern, without a smile, expression was now again established on her face. Princess Marya, Natasha and Pierre equally experienced that feeling of awkwardness that usually follows the end of a serious and intimate conversation. It is impossible to continue the same conversation; It’s shameful to talk about trifles, but it’s unpleasant to remain silent, because you want to talk, but with this silence you seem to be pretending. They silently approached the table. The waiters pushed back and pulled up chairs. Pierre unfolded the cold napkin and, deciding to break the silence, looked at Natasha and Princess Marya. Both, obviously, at the same time decided to do the same: contentment with life and recognition that, in addition to grief, there are also joys, shone in their eyes.
- Do you drink vodka, Count? - said Princess Marya, and these words suddenly dispersed the shadows of the past.
“Tell me about yourself,” said Princess Marya. “They tell such incredible miracles about you.”
“Yes,” Pierre answered with his now familiar smile of gentle mockery. “They even tell me about such miracles as I have never seen in my dreams.” Marya Abramovna invited me to her place and kept telling me what had happened to me, or was about to happen. Stepan Stepanych also taught me how to tell things. In general, I noticed that being an interesting person is very peaceful (I now interesting person); they call me and they tell me.
Natasha smiled and wanted to say something.
“We were told,” Princess Marya interrupted her, “that you lost two million in Moscow.” Is this true?
“And I became three times richer,” said Pierre. Pierre, despite the fact that his wife’s debts and the need for buildings changed his affairs, continued to say that he had become three times richer.
“What I have undoubtedly won,” he said, “is freedom...” he began seriously; but decided against continuing, noticing that this was too selfish a subject of conversation.
-Are you building?
- Yes, Savelich orders.
– Tell me, did you not know about the death of the Countess when you stayed in Moscow? - said Princess Marya and immediately blushed, noticing that by making this question after his words that he was free, she ascribed to his words a meaning that they, perhaps, did not have.
“No,” answered Pierre, obviously not finding the interpretation that Princess Marya gave to his mention of her freedom awkward. “I learned this in Orel, and you can’t imagine how it struck me.” We were not exemplary spouses,” he said quickly, looking at Natasha and noticing in her face the curiosity about how he would respond to his wife. “But this death struck me terribly.” When two people quarrel, both are always to blame. And one’s own guilt suddenly becomes terribly heavy in front of a person who no longer exists. And then such death... without friends, without consolation. “I’m very, very sorry for her,” he finished and was pleased to notice the joyful approval on Natasha’s face.

World War II: torn out pages Sergei Ivanovich Verevkin

Appendix No. 1 COMPARATIVE TABLE OF APPROXIMATE CORRESPONDENCE OF RANKS IN THE WAFFEN-SS AND SS, WEHRMACHT, RKKA, NKVD-NKGB

Appendix No. 1

COMPARISON TABLE OF APPROXIMATE CORRESPONDENCE OF RANKS IN THE WAFFEN-SS AND SS, WEHRMACHT, RKKA, NKVD-NKGB

SS and Waffen-SS	Wehrmacht	Red Army	NKVD-NKGB
SS-mann	Schutze, Grenadier	Private	-
-	Ober-schutze, Ober-grenadier	-	-
SS navigator	Corporal	-	-
SS-Rottenführer	Chief Corporal	Corporal	-
Non-commissioned officer ranks
SS-Unterscharführer	Non-commissioned officer	-	-
SS-Scharführer	Non-commissioned sergeant major	Lance Sergeant	-
SS-Standartenjunker	Fenrich	-	-
SS-Oberscharführer	Sergeant Major	Sergeant	-
SS-Hauptscharführer	Chief Sergeant Major	Staff Sergeant	-
SS-Standartenoberunker	Ober-Fenrich	-	-
SS-Staffscharführer	Hauptfeldwebel	Sergeant Major	-
SS-Sturmscharführer	Staff sergeant major	-	-
Chief officer ranks
-	-	Ensign	Sergeant GB
SS Untersturmführer	Lieutenant	Lieutenant	Senior Sergeant GB
SS-Obersturmführer	Chief Lieutenant	Senior Lieutenant	Junior Lieutenant GB
SS-Hauptsturmführer	Captain	Captain	Lieutenant GB
Staff officer ranks
SS Sturmbannführer	Major	Major	Senior Lieutenant GB
SS-Obersturmbannführer	Lieutenant colonel	Lieutenant colonel	Captain GB
SS-Standartenführer	Colonel	Colonel	Major GB
SS-Oberführer	-	-	-
General ranks
SS-Brigadeführer, Major General of the Waffen-SS	Major General	Major General	Senior Major GB
SS-Gruppenführer, Lieutenant General of the Waffen-SS	Lieutenant General	Lieutenant General	GB Commissioner 3rd Rank
SS-Obergruppenführer, General of the Waffen-SS	General of the military branch (infantry, artillery, etc.)	Colonel General	-
SS-Oberstgruppenführer, Generaloberst of the Waffen-SS	Oberst General	Army General	GB Commissioner 1st Rank
Marshal ranks
-	-	Marshal of the military branch (aviation, artillery, etc.)	-
-	Field Marshal General	Marshal of the USSR	-
SS-Reichsfuehrer	-	-	General Commissioner of GB

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Original taken from amarok_man in Ranks and insignia of state security agencies (1935 – 1943)

After the introduction of personal military ranks in the Red Army on September 22, 1935, the question arose of replacing the system of service categories existing in the NKVD of the USSR since February 1934 with similar special ranks. The initial project provided for the adoption of a rank system completely identical to the ranks of army command personnel with the addition of the words “state security” (from a separate GB commander to a 1st rank GB commander). However, commander ranks did not reflect the functions of the command staff of the state security agencies. Ultimately, this project was not accepted.

By Decree of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR No. 20/2256 of October 7, 1935, “On special ranks for the commanding personnel of the GUGB NKVD of the USSR” (announced by NKVD Order No. 319 of October 10, 1935), the following categories and special ranks of commanding personnel were introduced:

Senior command staff:

1st Rank State Security Commissioner;

GB Commissioner 2nd rank;

GB Commissioner 3rd rank;

Senior Major GB;

Major GB;

Senior command staff:

Captain GB;

Senior Lieutenant GB;

Lieutenant GB;

Average command staff:

Junior Lieutenant GB;

GB Sergeant;

Candidate for a special title.

The ranks from sergeant to GB major, despite the consonance with the ranks of the command staff, were actually two levels higher: for example, a GB sergeant corresponded to the rank of lieutenant, a GB captain corresponded to a colonel, a GB major corresponded to a brigade commander, etc. Senior GB majors were equated to division commanders, GB commissars of the 3rd rank - to corps commanders, GB commissars of the 2nd and 1st ranks - to army commanders of the 2nd and 1st ranks, respectively.

By the resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of October 16, 1935, the “Regulations on the service of the commanding staff of the Main Directorate of State Security of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the USSR” were approved. (announced by NKVD order No. 335 of October 23, 1935). It determined the procedure for assigning regular ranks, the procedure for appointing and dismissing employees, and insignia (see below)

By the Decree of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR dated November 26, 1935, the highest special rank of “Commissar General of the GB” was additionally introduced, corresponding to the military rank of “Marshal of the Soviet Union.”

This system existed until February 9, 1943, when by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR “On the ranks of commanding personnel of the NKVD and police bodies” new special ranks similar to combined arms were introduced.

Assignment of titles:

The first highest special ranks were awarded by Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR No. 2542 of November 26, 1935 (See list)

By NKVD Order No. 792 of November 29, 1935, 18 security officers were awarded the rank of 3rd rank GB commissar (See list)

By NKVD Order No. 794 of November 29, 1935, 42 security officers were awarded the rank of senior GB major (See list)

During December 1935, by separate orders, the rank of senior GB major was awarded to another 5 NKVD employees (See list)

On December 11, 1935, the title of GB commissar of the 3rd rank was awarded to Nikolai Mikhailovich BYSTRYKH, Chief Inspector of Border and Internal Troops and Police under the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR;

Also in December 1935, the first rank of GB major was awarded. The assignment of ranks to senior and middle command personnel was delayed until next year. Below is data on the further assignment of ranks from GB Commissioner of 2nd rank and higher.

On July 5, 1936, the title of 1st rank GB commissar was awarded to Georgy Ivanovich BLAGONRAVOV, head of the GUSHOSDOR NKVD of the USSR;

On January 28, 1937, the title of General Commissar of the GB was awarded to Yezhov Nikolai Ivanovich, People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR;

On September 11, 1938, the title of GB commissar of the 1st rank was awarded to Lavrentiy Pavlovich BERIA, 1st Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR - head of the 1st Directorate of the NKVD of the USSR;

On February 2, 1939, the extraordinary rank of GB commissar of the 2nd rank was awarded to senior GB major PAVLOV Karp Aleksandrovich, head of the Main Directorate for Construction of the Far North (Dalstroi) of the NKVD of the USSR;

On January 30, 1941, the title of GB Commissar General was awarded to 1st Rank GB Commissar BERIA Lavrentiy Pavlovich, People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR;

On February 4, 1943, the extraordinary rank of 1st rank GB commissar was awarded to 3rd rank GB commissar Vsevolod Nikolaevich MERKULOV, 1st Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR and head of the 1st department (security) of the NKVD of the USSR. The rank of 2nd rank GB commissar was awarded to:

GB Commissioner 3rd Rank ABAKUMOV Viktor Semenovich, Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR and Head of the Directorate of Special Departments of the NKVD of the USSR;

GB Commissioner 3rd Rank KOBULOV Bogdan Zakharovich, Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR;

GB Commissioner 3rd Rank Sergei Nikiforovich KRUGLOV, Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR;

GB Commissioner 3rd Rank Ivan Aleksandrovich SEROV, Deputy People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR;

Rank insignia:

Initially, only sleeve insignia were accepted for the command staff of the GUGB NKVD. They were described in the “Regulations on service...”, finally approved by the decision of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks No. P38/148 “On insignia for the General Commissar and the commanding staff of state security” dated December 13, 1935 and the Resolution of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR No. 2658 of December 14, 1935 and declared by NKVD order No. 396 of December 27, 1935. The following insignia were established:

For the General Commissioner of GB - big five pointed star correct form and a braided plait under it;

For other senior officials - red stars edged with golden embroidery (the number is in accordance with the rank);

For senior officers - red stars edged with silver embroidery (the number is in accordance with the rank);

For middle-ranking personnel - red truncated triangles (number - in accordance with rank);

Rank insignia was sewn on both sleeves above the cuffs of the uniform.

Sleeve insignia of GUGB personnel since 1935.


General Commissioner of GB	GB Commissioner 1st Rank	GB Commissioner 2nd Rank

GB Commissioner 3rd Rank	Senior Major GB	Major GB

Captain GB	Senior Lieutenant GB	Lieutenant GB
		No
Junior Lieutenant GB	Sergeant GB	Candidate for special rank

Also, buttonholes and sleeve emblems of the GUGB NKVD were introduced, identifying the employee’s belonging to a specific category of command personnel. The buttonholes were made of maroon cloth and had the shape of a parallelogram 10 cm long (sewn on - 9 cm) and 3.3 cm wide. The buttonholes differed in the color of the longitudinal strip (golden for the highest command personnel, silver for the senior and middle). The color of the strip corresponded to the color of the edging of the collar and cuffs of the uniform.

The sleeve emblem had an oval shape, was made of maroon cloth, with embroidery depicting a stylized shield with a hammer and sickle superimposed on a sword. The embroidery was done using gold and silver thread using a cardboard stencil. The emblem was sewn on the left sleeve of the uniform above the elbow.

Candidates for special rank wore buttonholes with a silver stripe without collar and cuff edging and the GUGB emblem.

GUGB sleeve emblems and buttonholes

GUGB emblems
Buttonholes
	Senior command staff	Senior and middle management	Candidate for special rank

This system turned out to be unsuccessful: the sleeve insignia was difficult to distinguish. In this regard, on April 4, 1936, the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR G.G. Yagoda sent a note to I.V. Stalin and V.M. Molotov, in which he proposed to additionally introduce personal insignia on buttonholes. This proposal was accepted. The new buttonholes were approved by decision of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) No. P39/32 of April 24, 1936 and Resolution of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR No. 722 “On additional insignia for the commanding staff of the NKVD” of April 28, 1936 and introduced by NKVD order No. 152 of April 30, 1936. Insignia similar to the sleeve ones were added to the buttonholes (gilded and silver-plated metal or embroidered stars, red enamel truncated triangles), but slightly different from them in location.

Buttonholes for GUGB personnel since 1936.


General Commissioner of GB	GB Commissioner 1st Rank	GB Commissioner 2nd Rank

GB Commissioner 3rd Rank	Senior Major GB	Major GB

Captain GB	Senior Lieutenant GB	Lieutenant GB

Junior Lieutenant GB	Sergeant GB	Candidate for special rank

The question of insignia in the Special Departments remained open for some time due to agreements between the People's Commissariat of Defense and the NKVD. The joint order of the NKO/NKVD No. 91/183 of May 23, 1936 announced the “Regulations on the special bodies of the GUGB NKVD of the USSR”, according to which for the employees of the Special Departments of the NKVD who worked in the army, for the purpose of secrecy, uniforms and insignia of military-political personnel were established corresponding rank.

By NKVD Order No. 278 of July 15, 1937, the system of insignia was changed. The sleeve insignia was abolished, and the type of buttonholes was changed. Buttonholes were installed in two types: for a tunic or jacket and for an overcoat. The tunic buttonholes retained the same shape and size. The overcoats had a diamond shape with rounded concave upper sides. The height of the buttonhole is 11 cm, width - 8.5 cm. The color of the buttonholes remained the same: maroon with crimson edging. Instead of stars and squares, insignia similar to those adopted in the Red Army were installed: diamonds for the highest command personnel, rectangles (“sleepers”) for the senior and squares (“cubes”) for the middle:

General Commissioner of State Security - 1 large star;
GB Commissioner of the 1st rank - a small golden star and 4 diamonds;
GB Commissioner 2nd rank - 4 diamonds;
GB Commissioner 3rd rank - 3 diamonds;
Senior Major GB - 2 diamonds;
Major GB - 1 diamond;
Captain GB - 3 rectangles;
Senior Lieutenant GB - 2 rectangles;
Lieutenant GB - 1 rectangle;

Junior lieutenant GB - 3 squares;
GB Sergeant - 2 squares;

By Order of the NKVD No. 126 of February 18, 1943, in accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR “On the introduction of new insignia for personnel of the NKVD bodies and troops” of February 9, 1943, instead of the existing buttonholes, new insignia were introduced - shoulder straps, and the rules for wearing uniforms by personnel of the NKVD CCCP bodies and troops were also approved.

Sources: V. Voronov, A. Shishkin, NKVD of the USSR: Structure, leadership, uniform, insignia"

Ranks in the NKVD until 1940. List of senior state security majors

Ensign police

Police Lieutenant

Senior Lieutenant police

Police captain

Police Major

Police Lieutenant Colonel

Police Colonel

Policeman

Senior policeman

Lance Sergeant police

Police Sergeant

Staff Sergeant police

Police sergeant

Police cadet

Senior Cadet policeman

Junior Cadet police sergeant

Cadet Sergeant police

Senior Cadet police sergeant

Cadet Sergeant Major police

Policeman

Senior policeman

Lance Sergeant police

Police Sergeant

Staff Sergeant police

Police sergeant

Police cadet

Senior Cadet

Junior Cadet police sergeant

Cadet Sergeant police

Senior Cadet police sergeant

Cadet Sergeant Major police

1936

1937

1941 (including the beginning of the Great Patriotic War)

Ranks of state security officials

Ranks and insignia of police officers

see also

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Notes

An excerpt characterizing the ranks and insignia of employees of the NKVD and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR

Appendix No. 1 COMPARATIVE TABLE OF APPROXIMATE CORRESPONDENCE OF RANKS IN THE WAFFEN-SS AND SS, WEHRMACHT, RKKA, NKVD-NKGB

Ensign
police

Senior Lieutenant
police

Lance Sergeant
police

Staff Sergeant
police

Senior Cadet
policeman

Junior Cadet
police sergeant

Cadet Sergeant
police

Senior Cadet
police sergeant

Cadet Sergeant Major
police

Lance Sergeant
police

Staff Sergeant
police

Junior Cadet
police sergeant

Cadet Sergeant
police

Senior Cadet
police sergeant

Cadet Sergeant Major
police