Day of special forces units of the armed forces. How is Special Forces Day celebrated in Russia?

Every year on October 24, Russia celebrates the Day of Units special purpose Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. This holiday is very young. Its appearance in the holiday calendar is directly related to the 549th presidential decree, signed on May 31, 2006. The decree determined the list professional holidays and memorable days in the RF Armed Forces.

The very date of October 24, as the Day of Special Forces units of the RF Armed Forces, is usually associated with such an event as the signing by the Minister of War of the USSR, Marshal of the Soviet Union Alexander Mikhailovich Vasilevsky of a secret directive on the creation of special forces units for operations in the rear of a probable (potential) enemy. The directive aimed at the formation of more than 5.5 thousand personnel of 46 special-purpose companies. According to the letter of the directive, it was necessary to report on the results of the formation to the minister by May 1, 1951. As you can see, the framework was set very rigid.

However, the rigidity of the time frame did not prevent the creation of the required number of units army special forces, which by 1951 were formed in all Soviet military districts without any exception. Special-purpose companies also appeared in the fleets Soviet Union to increase the combat capability of naval units and formations.

The need to create special forces units in the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union was primarily associated with the emergence and activities of NATO. After all, Vasilevsky's directive itself was born just a few months after a number of Western states(Belgium, Britain, Denmark, Iceland, Italy, Canada, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, USA and France) announced the creation of the North Atlantic military bloc. Soviet leadership, realizing that the military alliance west of the borders of the USSR is not being created out of the best of intentions, decides to begin work aimed at creating own system counteraction. What is the opposition first of the USSR and NATO, then the countries of the Organization Warsaw Pact and NATO resulted in the result, everyone is well aware, but that, as they say, is a completely different story.

Of course, there is no reason to believe that until 1950 (that is, before the appearance of the secret directive of Marshal of the USSR A.M. Vasilevsky) in our country there was not a single serviceman who performed the tasks that a representative of the special forces cohort of the Armed Forces is called upon to perform. So, back in 1916, the so-called OMBON was created as part of the troops of the Russian Empire. The decoding of this abbreviation is as follows: Separate Marine Brigade special purpose. The special purpose brigade included, as the name implies, naval officers. And since then, the domestic army special forces began their long journey, on which there were both their triumphs and very tragic events.

Servicemen of special forces units of the Armed Forces of the USSR and the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation took part in combat operations during various conflicts. A special page in the history of army special forces, of course, is connected with the fulfillment of international duty in the Republic of Afghanistan. As part of a limited contingent Soviet troops on the territory of the DRA ( Democratic Republic Afghanistan) operated a variety of units and formations special forces, including parts of the combat service, which include, for example, the 19th engineer-sapper battalion or the 2088th separate barrier battalion. Army special forces units in Afghanistan are, first of all, of course, the formations of the Main intelligence agency General Staff of the RF Armed Forces.

Army special forces units proved themselves during both Chechen campaigns, when sometimes they had to confront enemy forces that outnumbered the Special Forces units of the RF Armed Forces by a multiple.

Main feature special forces units is their relatively small composition in the presence of each fighter not only excellent in all respects military training, but also special qualities psychological nature: decisiveness, initiative, ability to act effectively in a team.

Today, the staffing of special forces units is made from professional military personnel. The reduction in the term of service on conscription and the growth in the number of contract soldiers in Russian army.

A modern special forces fighter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is a person who is fluent in various types, understands the nuances of mine-explosive business, effectively uses optical-electronic devices in order to monitor the enemy. For some time now, special forces soldiers have been trained in the use of unmanned aerial vehicles, which allow reconnaissance of enemy combat positions and infrastructure.

The Ministry of Defense gives an additional description to the military personnel of the units of the Russian Special Forces:

The personnel of special forces units perform landing from airplanes and helicopters, including parachute jumps into the water, at night, from high altitudes with oxygen devices and sliding along the horizon, followed by access to the object.

Particular attention in the combat training of special forces is given to physical training. Each of them is fluent in the techniques of throwing piercing and cutting objects, as well as hand-to-hand combat, which is based on elements of domestic combat sambo, and other effective martial arts, in particular, karate and jiu-jitsu.

Due to the high level of combat training and equipment, there are no impossible combat missions for special forces units.

Special Forces units of the RF Armed Forces are actively re-equipping. So for the year in the Central Military District, the special forces received 24 Tigr-M SpN ​​armored vehicles, which have the fifth class of ballistic protection in the frontal projection and the third class in the aft and side projections.

Special Forces soldiers have increased the frequency of exercises. In particular, literally on the eve of their professional holiday, special forces units of the Southern Military District were involved in a special tactical exercise that took place on the territory of the Krasnodar Territory.

From the press service of the Southern Military District on the course of the exercise:

During the exercise, the crews of the Mi-8AMTSh transport and combat helicopters of the air base of the Southern Military District carried out a covert transfer and landing of tactical airborne troops in the specified area.

After the landing method, the servicemen of the Special Forces units in full gear made a 10-kilometer forced march across rough terrain to the area of ​​the counter-terrorist operation.

According to the teaching locality, consisting of 10 residential buildings and infrastructure, was captured by a conditional illegal armed formation (IAF) total strength about 30 people. In order to free the hostages, the assault squads blocked the settlement and destroyed the militants.

Before the start of active operations, reconnaissance of the area was carried out using an unmanned aerial vehicle. aircraft. The special forces also practiced reconnaissance and search operations, as a result of which information about the enemy was obtained.

To create a situation as close as possible to combat, during the assault on the positions of a conditional illegal armed formation, imitation mines "Im-100M" and smoke devices were used.

The servicemen worked out the procedure for destroying a bandit formation in a forest, actions in the rear, organizing ambushes and observation posts in the conditions of the use of sabotage and reconnaissance groups by the enemy.

About 300 military personnel took part in the special tactical exercise, up to 30 weapons were involved and military equipment.

"Military Review" congratulates the military personnel and veterans of the units of the Special Forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (USSR) on their professional holiday!

Today in the Armed Forces Russian Federation the Day of special forces units is celebrated, which, in particular, are the most important integral part intelligence systems ground forces. Formations, units and special forces have successfully solved and are solving the tasks assigned to them, including in all "hot spots" recent decades. They are equipped with the most modern weapons, military and special equipment.

Special Forces Day, celebrated annually on October 24, was established by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 549 dated May 31, 2006 "On the establishment of professional holidays and memorable days in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation."

The beginning of the history of special forces in Russia is considered to be the creation in 1918 of special forces - CHON. They obeyed the Cheka and were intended to fight the Basmachi in Central Asia and rebels in the territory Russian Republic. Further special units had mainly the Cheka (NKVD, MGB, KGB).

On October 24, 1950, the Minister of War of the USSR Marshal of the Soviet Union A.M. Vasilevsky issued a directive ordering the formation of 46 special-purpose companies by May 1, 1951 headcount 120 people each. In other words, the ARMY SPECIAL FORCE was created. Over time, the structure and quantitative composition of the army special forces changed more than once, but the essence of its purpose, in principle, always remained the same.

Currently, special forces are paramilitary units of the FSB, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Emergencies, the Ministry of Justice and other federal bodies state power(detachments, groups, reinforced groups), having their own conditional names - "Alpha", "Vityaz", "Vympel", "Rus".

Special units are designed for anti-terrorist actions, actions to search for and detain especially dangerous and armed criminals, eliminate criminal groups, free hostages and conduct other special operations.

The main feature of special forces units is their relatively small composition, excellent training, audacity and surprise, initiative, speed and coordination of actions, skillful use of shock and maneuver capabilities of weapons, military equipment, as well as the protective properties of the terrain, time of day, weather conditions.

These parts demonstrated their consistency and usefulness already in 1968 during the first major operation. It's about on the entry of troops of the Warsaw Pact countries into Czechoslovakia. It all started with the fact that a Soviet transport plane requested an emergency landing from Prague due to engine failure. After landing, events unfolded at lightning speed.

Special Forces soldiers jumped out of the plane almost as soon as it touched the runway, and ran towards the control tower of the airfield. Czech soldiers were so confused that they did not even think of resisting. The successful capture of this airfield made it possible to transfer the Vitebsk Airborne Division to Prague.

Meanwhile, other special forces units that had infiltrated Prague a few days before the start of the operation seized the city's radio and television centers, telephone exchanges, newspaper editorial offices and other important buildings, and in the morning the fighters entered the building of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, where they At the same time, a meeting of Alexander Dubcek's cabinet was taking place.

Having seized the government building, the special forces soldiers held the ministers of Czechoslovakia for five hours, and then took them to Moscow. It is worth noting that the famous German saboteur during the war, Otto Skorzeny, observing the development of events in Prague, later called the operation carried out by the Soviet special forces "brilliant".

In May 1968, a special forces group of 9 people raided a secret American helicopter camp, which was located on the territory of Cambodia, 30 km from the border with Vietnam. This camp was used American troops to send their reconnaissance and sabotage groups to Vietnam, as well as sorties in order to search for their downed pilots. On the airfield of the camp, 2 light helicopters, 8-10 heavy transport helicopters and 4 Super Cobra fire support helicopters were always on alert.

The purpose of the operation was precisely the Super Cobra helicopters, which were armed with guided missiles and were equipped latest systems targeting. As a result of the operation, which lasted 25 minutes, one helicopter was hijacked to Vietnam, and the rest were destroyed. The Americans lost about 15 people killed and wounded. The fact that these were precisely the Soviet special forces, the American intelligence services found out only a few years later.

Both before and after that, many operations were carried out that were no less effective and spectacular than this one. And not all of them are known to the general public. Therefore, these guys, whom no one knows by sight, but whom the whole world knows about, really deserve the right to be considered legends.

And it is all the more insulting to realize that today these military units, which have no analogues in the whole world, are completely destroyed by their own government. So, in March 2009, one of the best brigades was disbanded - the Berd brigade of the GRU special forces. Well, politicians know better. Apparently, they believe that Russia does not need professionals who are ready and able to fight for the HONOR and FREEDOM of their country. What will tomorrow bring us? We will see…

/Based on materials topwar.ru /

Special Forces Day in the Russian Federation is becoming a holiday for an elite military unit that performs the most difficult combat missions. Warriors in "maroon" berets have always been respected among Russians, and the name of the headdress of the special forces is associated with the word "sprinkled", that is, covered in blood. So it is called in honor of the special forces who died during the performance of special operations, and among the military personnel of this unit of the troops, the "marked" beret is a symbol of courage.

Story: Today, Special Forces Day is officially celebrated by all military personnel of military special forces, and this one has passed long evolution. The first such structures were created back in 1918 in order to fruitfully fight the Basmachi and the rebels of Central Asia at the time of the establishment Soviet power on the territory of the former Russian Empire.

These departments are considered the ancestors of modern special forces, although the names of these military units and their structure have changed repeatedly. However, the essence of the work special units remained unchanged for decades, as groups of qualified military personnel were engaged in the search and subsequent detention of the most dangerous criminals, freed hostages and liquidated various gangs.

At present, the Russian special forces are modern paramilitary units subordinate to various federal authorities, and each of them is characterized by the presence of its own code name. Such branches include Vityaz and Alfa, Rus and Vympel, and the soldiers of each individual unit have specific tasks.

Distinctive characteristics of military personnel in maroon berets are coordination of actions, responsiveness and mobility, and Special Forces Day was approved as recognition of the special merits of soldiers in ensuring stability in the state. Special Forces is celebrated on October 24 according to a presidential decree signed in 2006. But the troops have another “birthday”, which is celebrated on August 29, since on this date in 1957 it was decided to form five special battalions of special forces.

Peculiarities: GRU Special Forces Day now is official holiday, celebrated on October 24, however, neither mass celebrations nor any demonstration performances are held on the streets of domestic cities at this time. The GRU units were created back in 1950 on the initiative and the main task of this separate special forces unit was to combat the spread of what was being created in the territory

The Day of the Special Forces of the Airborne Forces coincides with the professional holiday of other troops, since October 24 is a date that unites all military personnel of the elite units of the Russian army. Only police officers serving in the OMON can solemnly celebrate Special Forces Day on another date - November 9, listening to congratulations and parting words from their direct superiors - the heads of the Internal Affairs Directorate.

celebration: Special forces serving in elite units, celebrate a professional holiday in different ways, but outsiders are rarely allowed to solemn events. As a rule, competitions of various reconnaissance groups are held on such a day, however, they are often held on the territory of closed combat units, and only the command is able to fully assess their level of tactical and special training. Many commandos celebrate the unofficial part of the holiday in a close circle of colleagues, recalling past special operations, and almost no owner of a maroon beret celebrates a professional date in clubs.

"The Day of Special Purpose Units and Formations" is a relatively young professional holiday in Russia, it was established on May 31, 2006 by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin No. 549 "On the establishment of professional holidays and memorable days in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation."
The date of October 24 for the "Day of Special Purpose Units and Formations" was not chosen by chance. It was on this day in 1950 that the Minister of the Armed Forces of the USSR and the Minister of War of the USSR, Marshal of the Soviet Union A. M. Vasilevsky signed Directive No. ORG / 2/395/832 with the stamp "Secret" on the creation of special forces units (SpN) (deep reconnaissance or special-purpose reconnaissance) for operations in the deepest rear of a potential enemy, in which it was ordered to form in the shortest possible time (before May 1, 1951) armed forces ah country 46 companies of Special Forces with a staff of 120 people each, in all military districts, groups of troops and fleets. The order was carried out and on May Day 1951, the USSR Armed Forces already had more than five and a half thousand Special Forces units in their composition. It was the day Vasilevsky signed the directive that became significant date. It is worth noting that special forces units existed in the Russian army until 1917. It was the Separate Special Purpose Naval Brigade (OMBON), formed on May 31, 1916 as part of the Special Purpose Mine and Artillery Regiments and the Special Purpose River Flotilla. These units were staffed by officers of the Navy and took part in the fighting on Western front until the beginning of 1918, after which they were disbanded. Thus, the birthday of the "old" Russian special forces is May 31.
Later, units of the Special Forces were created (one brigade for each military district or fleet and a brigade of central subordination). If the NATO countries began military operations against the USSR, the units and units of the Special Forces would be the first to defend. Scout groups were supposed to appear in close proximity from command posts and other strategic facilities of the armed forces of the aggressors. Their task was to conduct reconnaissance, and, if necessary, destroy command posts, missile launchers, strategic aircraft, nuclear submarines, disrupt communications, power supply, destroy transport communications, sow panic and bring chaos to the military and state administration.

... To do what the special forces did in Afghanistan, only infinitely courageous and determined soldiers can do. The people who served in the special forces battalions were professionals of the highest standard.
- B.V. Gromov, "Limited contingent"

Over its more than half a century of history, the structure and quantitative composition of the units of the Special Forces have changed several times.

In 1918, special forces were created to fight the rebels and the Basmachi of Central Asia, which became the ancestor of modern special forces. The structure and names of these troops have changed several times in their history, but the essence has remained unchanged - these are groups of highly qualified military personnel designed to search for and detain especially dangerous armed criminals, eliminate gangs, free hostages and other actions requiring high level preparation. Distinctive feature special purpose units is mobility, responsiveness, coordination of actions. As a recognition of the special merits of special forces units in ensuring stability in the country, October 24 was established by a presidential decree as the Day of Special Forces Units.

Spetsnaz also has a second birthday - August 29th. This day marks the Day of Special Forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. On August 29, 1957, 5 special-purpose battalions were formed.

I wish on special forces day
Always ready to be
Accurately follow orders
If suddenly there was trouble.

Be fit and agile
Keep the right form
To all around girls
They could sigh about you!

Happy Special Units Day destination,
Dangerous job you have, no doubt
So let the danger bypass you
So let the increase wait every year.

You are the pride of the family and parents pride,
Honor, respect carries your position,
I wish to reach the goal, heights,
May you be lucky and may the Lord keep

All special forces today
Congratulations from the bottom of my heart
You are the pride of a huge country,
You guys are good.

I wish you strength and happiness
Let the danger pass
Every day, let only joy
Brings inspiration.

Always waiting with love at home
Those who are dear to you, let them.
A dangerous job
Will give a rich harvest.

« Professionals the highest standard» -
That's what people say about you.
Special forces are capable of any task,
You best defense for us.

May we have a peaceful sky, -
There will be less work for you.
Family happiness, good friends
And endless tomorrows.

Special Forces! And everything is very clear!
Courage, valor - where it is dangerous,
Usually this company serves.
With receptions specifically is on friendly terms.

And if someone raises their hand -
The commando will disarm.
We wish you guys
Eagles to be and believe holy:

Everyone needs your reliability
She is like a shield for everyone, like a sword!
We congratulate you on your day
Awards, we wish you all victories!

Responsibility and pride
Courage and honor
Character, strength, firmness
These people have.

Special forces don't rest
Nowhere and never
He protects us all
From a vicious enemy.

If anyone dares
Attack the homeland
Regrets in a second
Do not trump his suit.

SWAT is power, so be strong!
To serve in special forces is your calling!
Always serve courageously for the country,
May you succeed in any task!

I wish you health, success in everything,
I want to wish you a fighting mood
And achieve your goals day by day!
May you have a lot of joy in your life!

Congratulations today
I am a combat special forces
I wish you happiness
To each of you.

I wish operation
Carry out successfully
Fighters to be cool
Be successful with women.

Standing shoulder to shoulder
May luck be with you
Stay healthy,
Love, kindness and happiness.

Congratulations to all departments
All involved, all people,
Who lives with a special purpose.
Let life become better and brighter.

At work, I wish you success,
Grace - heart and soul.
More happiness, more laughter
Well, be on top of everything.

There are divisions
For special purpose,
We congratulate them on the occasion
With this bright and festive day!

May your career grow
Let life bloom forever with blessings.
May your dreams come true
We congratulate you from the bottom of our hearts!

Congratulations: 53 in verse, 9 in prose.

Happy Special Forces Day

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