Adverbs in tenses in English. Place of an adverb in an English sentence

Good day, dear listeners of the conversational English audio course! Congratulations on the FINISH! We are finishing our audio course. You already know many phrases in English, have significantly enriched your vocabulary and now you can have a primitive conversation with a native English speaker. And today we will cover the last topic as part of our audio course - English tenses. In this audio lesson, we will learn sentences and phrases with adverbs of time: “already, yet” (already), “yet” (still), as well as the adverb “else” (no more, enough). Adverbs of time in English

An adverb is an independent part of speech that denotes a sign of a quality, action or object. Adverbs answer questions: as? when? why? where? How? How long etc. The main feature of an adverb is immutability, that is, these words never change their structure:

• already(already): Have you already eaten something? - Have you eaten anything yet?
• yet(still, already) - is used only in interrogative and negative sentences. In an interrogative sentence it is used in the sense of " already" (instead of already): Have you finished your work yet? - Have you finished your work yet? And in negative sentences it is used in the meaning of " more»: I have not yet finished my work- I have not finished my work yet
• else(yet, no more, enough): Does anyone else want a coffee? Anyone else want coffee?

Well, now, with great pleasure, start listening to the final online audio lesson of the conversational English course for beginners: /wp-content/uploads/2014/06/RUEN100.mp3

Train your perception English speech by ear by listening to the audio recording of the lesson and practice pronunciation by repeating all the sentences.

Study the handy table and see how the same word can be translated, depending on the context. Print out all the tables, and review them from time to time if you do not have constant speech practice.

Adverbs
English	Russian
already - not yet	once - never before
Have you been to Berlin?	Have you ever been to Berlin?
No, not yet	No, never before
someone - no one	Someone is nobody
Do you know someone here?	Do you know anyone here?
No, I don't know anyone here	No I don't know anyone here
a little longer - not much longer	More - no more
Will you stay here a little longer?	How long will you be here?
No, I won't stay here much longer	No, I won't be here for long
something else - nothing else	Anything else - nothing more
Would you like to drink something else?	Would you like something else to drink?
No, I don't want anything else	No I don't want anything else
something already - nothing yet	Already something - still nothing
Have you already eaten something?	Have you eaten anything yet?
No, I haven't eaten anything yet	No, I haven't eaten / haven't eaten anything yet
someone else - no one else	Someone else - no one else
Does anyone else want a coffee?	Anyone else want coffee?
No, no one else	No, no one else

The position of the adverb in the sentence also varies. It can be both before the verb and after it; in the middle or at the end of a sentence, depending on the type of adverb and grammar rules.

Be sure to review and repeat everything 100 audio English lessons for beginners

Thanks to everyone who was with us and to those who will stay with us. We are finishing this course, but we are not finishing the training. Look forward to new interesting articles. Good luck and see you soon!

Hello my dear readers.

Adverbs in English are quite an interesting phenomenon of speech, have you ever thought? Probably, only in nouns there are so many exceptions. But do not worry, today we will put everything on the shelves so carefully that there is no doubt about correct use you will never have this part of speech. I will give you the rules of use, show you the most commonly used words and even give you a list of them with translation.

What it is?

Adverbs are words that usually describe verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, or even a whole sentence.

Little clear? Well, let's figure it out.

These are such small words that most often end in – ly. For example, quick ly - fast . Most schoolchildren define them by this ending. But do not rely only on this, because there are adverbs that you just don’t recognize. For example, well- well .

In general, the rules of use can be described as follows:

• Adverbs can describe how an action occurs:

They were driving slowly due to the traffic. -From— behind traffic jams they were driving slowly.

We walked in carefully. - We carefully come in inside.

• Can indicate a place - adverbs of place:

There was his phone. - There was his phone.

I am absolutely sure you left your book somewhere in the library. -I absolutely sure, what you left book where— then in library.

• They can even denote time - adverbs of time:

They are going to the country side today. - They are are going in village today.

We are leaving for the meeting tomorrow. - We we are leaving on the negotiation tomorrow.

• And they can even express frequency - the so-called adverbs of frequency:

She visits her grandmother not often enough. -She is not enough often visits grandmother.

They usually go to the Caribbean twice a year.- They are usually drive on the Caribs twice in year.

The place in the sentence depends on the part of speech to which the adverb refers.. For example:

Jane often goes to the swimming pool. Jane often goes to the pool.(before the verb)

He was driving very carefully. - He led car very carefully. (after verb)

Formation of adverbs

The question “how adverbs are formed” is very interesting, because everything is not so simple here. To make it easier for you to remember - I have a table for you, after which the formation of adverbs will no longer be a problem for you.

As I said, the beacon by which you can determine the adverb is the ending –ly. Adverb suffixes are constant in their usage, so catch the detailed rule.

rule	Example
adjective + - ly	careful - careful ly, soft - soft ly
If the adjective ends in consonant+y - change to – ily	cos y- coz ily, heavy y- heavy ily
Adjectives in – ic- added — ally	dramat ic- dramatic ally, trag ic- tragic ally BUT: public - public cly.
adjective ends in – le- change it to – ly	horrib le- horrib ly,probab le-probab ly
Adjectives in – e- add — ly	scarc e- scarce ly BUT: whole - wholly, true - truly

Often they take their roots from adjectives. Yes, it is education from that makes them so simple. We just add a suffix - and voila - the adverb is ready.

Happy - happy -Happily - happily.

Cheap - cheap -Cheaply - cheap

Comfortable - convenient -Comfortably - conveniently

But be very careful, because there are adjectives that, with the addition of an ending – ly can completely change their meaning. Let's look at examples.

Exceptions

Adverb	Example
Easy- slowly and softly Easily- without difficulty	She was dancing easy . - She danced slowly. She won the competition easily . - She won the competition without difficulty.
Free- for free Freely- willingly	You can enter the Museum free if you have a loyalty card. - You can enter the museum for free if you have a loyalty card. She followed him freely . - She willingly followed him.
Hard- hard, hard Hardly- hardly	He was working hard to get this promotion. - He worked hard to get that promotion. . There is hardly any sugar left. - There was hardly any sugar left.
high- high Highly- very much	They were flying too high. - They flew too high. He was a highly respected project manager.- He was a deeply respected project manager.
Last- last Lastly- finally	He was the last to know everything.- He was the last one to know about everything. Lastly they managed to hand in the project. - Finally, they were able to submit the project.
Late- late Lately- recently	He came home late at night.- He returned home late at night. He called me lately to know if I had his folder with contracts. - He called recently to see if I had his contracts folder.
near- near Nearly- almost	There is a market near the house.- There is a market near the house. Nearly all the employees signed the document.- Almost all employees signed the document .

Remember all exceptions? Remember, because you will meet them in every test and exercise.

And yet, I promised you to divide everything into groups. Adverbs of time, adverbs of degree ... - everything is in this table.

Types of adverbs

Place:	There - there Here - here Inside - inside Above - above Somewhere - somewhere	They moved somewhere . - They have moved somewhere. She left her pursue inside the house. - She left her handbag inside the house.
Time :	Now - now Then - then Tomorrow - tomorrow Today - today Recently - recently Never - never Always - always Usually - usually Seldom - rarely	We bought a new fridge recently . - We recently bought a new refrigerator . She says she never tells lies. - She claims to never lie . He usually leaves the work the last one. - He is usually the last one to leave.
Measure and degree :	Hardly - hardly Much - lot Little - few Enough - enough Too - too much	The teacher said that there were not enough arguments in my essay.- The teacher said that my essay did not have enough arguments.
Modus operandi:	Well - well Fast - fast	He was running fast to become the first in the competition. - He ran fast to be first in the competition.

Of course, it is simply impossible to fit everything I know about this part of speech into one lesson. Therefore, I have prepared a whole series of lessons for you. In other articles, you can read about, and even to consolidate your knowledge.

Yes, my good, adverbs are not the most difficult section, but still it is worth paying your attention to it. Using them will make your speech incredibly lively, and sentences with adverbs will make written speech deeper. So don't neglect them.

Well, my dears, it's time to say goodbye. Remember that in order to learn a language quickly and effectively, you just need to subscribe to the newsletter from the blog. I regularly share with blog subscribers useful materials and advice from personal experience. Stay up to date as well.

And that's all for today.

Until we meet again, my dears.

An adverb is a part of speech that determines when, where and how an action is performed. A feature of this part of speech is also that it is able to convey the signs of an adjective or other adverb. It is also important to remember that adverbs in English play the role of circumstance. Consider the formation of adverbs, give vivid examples and exceptions to the rules where they are placed in the sentence, and also consider the degree of comparison.

It will be easy for beginner students who have just decided to study languages ​​to learn this topic, since the adverb in English performs the same functions as in Russian, and is often placed in an identical position. Therefore, the language barrier will be overcome quickly and easily.

The most commonly used types of adverbs in tables =>

Adverbs of place WHERE (ADVERBS OF PLACE)

Adverbs of Time WHEN (ADVERBS OF TIME)

late	late
soon	soon
early	early
after	then
today	today
now	now

On a note! When, where and why are relative adverbs. Tenses are used in any speech - business, colloquial, artistic and narrow-profile. Relative words can easily and simply explain any situation.

Adverbs of manner HOW (ADVERBS OF MANNER)

Adverbs of measure and degree TO WHAT EXTENT (ADVERBS OF DEGREE)

If you find it difficult to learn the words themselves and understand the adverbs and rules that the table indicates, use them in sentences. By examples it is always easier to learn the rule, of all kinds.

Here are some examples:

The girl faced the difficult situation very bravely=> The girl met a difficult situation very bravely. The adverb answers the question How? How?

My mom came home late because she didn't manage to catch the bus => Mom came home late (when mom came home, time was late) because she couldn't catch the bus. The adverb answers the question When? When?

The Professor explained the theory three times and extreme patiently => The professor explained the theory three times and very patiently. The adverb answers the question To what extent? To what extent?

These yummy mushrooms were everywhere=> These delicious mushrooms were everywhere (everywhere). The adverb answers the question Where? Where?

Rules for the formation of adverbs in English

All the dialects that the English language is rich in are divided into 4 categories =>

1. Simple (Simple Adverbs)
2. Composite Phrasal Adverbs
3. Compound Adverbs
4. Derived Adverbs .

By Simple Adverbs we mean using simple words => here, well, now, after, soon etc.

Derived Adverbs are formed using the -ly suffix and other suffixes (more on this later).

Compound Adverbs are formed by combining two words, for example, downstairs, sometimes, everywhere, furthermore, anyway, thereafter, otherwise etc.

Composite Phrasal Adverbs are phrasal adverbs. The most striking examples are => now and then, a lot of, far enough, a great deal, a little bit, hell of etc.

On a note! In most cases, the adverb is formed from the adjective by adding -ly => luckily, easily, happily, gaily, loudly etc.

Rules for composing adverbs with particle -ly

Adjectives that end in -y acquire -I during adverb formation =>

Busy+ly => busily

Happy+ly => happy (happily)

Gay+ly => gaily (fun)

Lucky+ly => luckily

Easy+ly => easily (easy).

But! If the adjective has an ending -e, then just put -ly =>

Nice+ly => nicely.

Attention! Remember that there will always be exceptions with the -ly suffix =>

true => truly

Remember about exceptions and do not make mistakes in writing.

Many people ask what to do with words in which the ending -le? In this case, change -le to -ly =>

gentle => gently

simple => simply.

The exception is the whole word, in which -le ​​is changed to -ly + the letter l is put. It looks like this => whole => wholely.

When adjectives end in l, it must be doubled. As a result, we get lly =>

Beautiful+ly => beautifully

Typical+ly => typically

loyal+ly => loyally.

Important! When adjectives end in -ic, adverbs will end in -ally =>

heroic+ly => heroically

Historic+ly => histirically.

Although the process of forming adverbs has its own nuances, there will always be exceptions. In addition to the standard formation with -ly, other adverb suffixes can be used =>

Most => outermost, innermost

Like => warlike, godlike, egglike, snakelike, businesslike

Wise -> crabwise, clockwise, crosswise, lengthwise

Ward(s) => onward(s), eastward(s), backward(s)

Fold => manifold, twofold

Way(s) => sideways, longways.

It can be seen from the examples that most adverbs are formed from adjectives, but there are also those that are formed from nouns:

Year => yearly (yearly)

Month => monthly (monthly)

Week => weekly (weekly)

Hour => hourly (hourly)

Day => daily (daily).

Remember the following adjectives that end in -ly but do not form adverbs =>ugly, friendly, lonely, silly, lovely, cowardly.

These adjectives, which have the meaning of adverbs, are used in the construction in a ... way / manner / fashion =>

The language is rich in inconsistencies and exceptions to the rules. This includes adverbs that have a similar form with adjectives, they are almost the same type =>

How to distinguish such identical adjectives from adverbs? Only by the function performed in the sentence. Speaking in simple terms, it is only in the context that one can 100% understand what the author wanted to say with one word or another.

Adverbs with two forms

An interesting group of adverbs in English. Such adverbs are characterized by the presence of two unequal forms that differ in meaning. To use them correctly, it is highly recommended to learn the examples from the table:

direct	Endless immediately, immediately
close	Close Detailed/thorough
Free	For free Free
Easy	lightly/gently Easily
Hard	Complicated
Wrong	Not right Wrongfully
Wide	Wide Everywhere
short	Suddenly
Sharp	Sharp, straight Evil, sharp (figuratively)
near	Near/near
Sure	Really Of course / of course
Late	Late recently/recently
Last	Later than all, last Finally
Pretty	To a large extent
high	high (literally) Extremely => very (well)
Full	Quite / very Fully
Fine	Excellent/excellent delicately
deep	Deep (literally) Deep = very (figuratively).

These words are included in the TOP 100 English dialects that are used almost every day in colloquial speech.

To make it easier to understand the material in the table, here are a few examples (whole sentences) with the above words in a different order:

• A bird is flying high in the sky => A bird is flying high in the sky.

People, living here, are highly cultured and polite => The people who live here are highly cultured and polite.

• Sharks can be seen deep in the sea => Sharks can be seen deep in the sea.

My friend is deeply in love with my sister => My friend is very much in love with my sister.

• He will come the last. Hope he will not forget to take presents => He will come last. I hope he remembers to take gifts.

Lastly we see the light and hope there will be some people =>

• I saw a strange man near the house => I saw strange person near (near) the house.

Your answer is nearly correct => Your answer is almost correct.

• I have never seen my son late at night at this place => I have never seen my son late at night at this place.

I have never been so happy lately => I have never been so happy lately.

Adverbs that perform a syntactic function

An adverb can perform different functions:

• characterize action =>

It is amazing! – Helen said passionately.=> It's wonderful! Helen said passionately.

• Characterize a feature =>

children were too exhausted => The dudes were too exhausted.

• Characterize another adverb =>

Maria has done everything very quickly => Maria did everything very quickly.

• Characterize the whole offer =>

Fortunately, we were lucky guys to cope with everuthing on our own => Luckily, we were lucky guys to cope with everything on our own.

It is important to note that there is a group of adverbs that are actively used with other adjectives and adverbs, making speech more detailed and understandable. This includes => most, rather, so, awfully, terribly, amazingly, highly, very, unusually, utterly, unbelievably, strikingly, extremely. It is important to adhere to the correct word order. Words in an indefinite order may lose their essence and stylistic coloring.

Using these adverbs, you can briefly and clearly express thoughts and express delight / disgust in all colors =>

It's terribly hot! - Incredibly hot!

It's unbelievably amazing! - Incredibly wonderful!

I highly appreciate your words! - I appreciate your words!

Remember the following expressions and study this table =>

Knowing the exact place of the adverb in English sentence, you will be able to communicate easily and comfortably, correctly expressing your thoughts.

It must also be remembered that there are adverbs, the additional function of which is to increase the degree of comparison of adjectives. This includes such words as far, still, any, much.

We must not speak any louder => We must not speak louder.

We could get to this place far later => We could get to this place much later.

You could cope with everything much better => We could cope with everything much better.

Very often the adverb serves as an adverbial modifier of time, degree, manner of action or place =>

I quite understood all the details => I quite understood all the details (adverbial modifier of degree)

Tina shouted aloud => Tina shouted aloud (adverbial modifier of manner).

On a note! In the meanings above, you need to use an adjective (not an adverb!) If it comes after the following words => look (look), feel (feel), become (become), be (be), seem (seem), taste ( taste), stay (stay), sound (sound), smell (smell).

Your sister looks amazing! (not amazingly)

It seems they really feel good (not well).

The use of adverbs: exceptional cases

No matter how strange it may sound, but there are a number of adverbs (they can even be divided into a separate group) that have their own own rules use. Let's look at some cases in sentences.

If we are talking about adverbs also , well and too(all three words are translated as ‘’too’’), then you need to remember that they are used exclusively in affirmative proposals. An adverb such as also comes before the word to which it refers, while as well and too are usually placed at the end of sentences.

I didn't want to see him too=> I didn't want to see him either.

We were absent well=> We weren't present either.

Mary also agreed with her mom => Mary also agreed with her mom.

Adverb even in most cases it is used in speech with unions though and if. Thus, combinations even though (although) and even if (even if) are formed.

She came to that place even though she was asked not to do this => She came to this place even though she was asked not to.

I will never tell you the truth even if I knew => I would never tell you the truth even if I knew.

When it comes to the adverb else, it is preferable to put it in interrogative sentences. Remember the following constructions => what else (what else), who else (who else), where else (where else). In English grammar, the adverb what else / who else / where else often begins a sentence.

Who else wanted to leave this place? => Who else wanted to leave this place?

What else do we need to stay there for one more day? => What else do we need to stay here for one more day?

Where else should we go to see the rest of the lakes? => Where else do we need to go to see the rest of the lakes?

simple adverb enough also has its own peculiarities of use =>

If the adverb performs the function of an adjective and defines a noun, then it must be placed before the word being defined =>

Our neighbors won enough money to buy their own island (Our neighbors won enough money to buy their own island).

But! When enough defines an adverb or adjective, then it must be placed after the word that is defined =>

Andry is clever enough to answer correctly (Andrew is smart enough to answer correctly).

Adverbs in a sentence: choose the right place

In a sentence, such words can occupy a different place. This is due to what part of speech the adverb explains.

If we are talking about adverbs of degree and of manner, then such words, in most cases, are next to the word they explain =>

Ann smiles sincerely => Ann smiles sincerely.

Helen cooks good => Helen cooks well.

But! If we want to focus on a word, then the place of the adverb can change. We put it near the word that we want to emphasize =>

Only good does Helen cook! => Helen only cooks well!

Pay attention to the adverbs of frequency in English (seldom, rarely, never, always, sometimes, often, usually). Adverbs of frequency should be placed between the auxiliary and main verbs.

I never wake up at 5 o'clock => I never wake up at 5 o'clock in the morning.

my sister sometimes visits her brothers => My sister sometimes visits her brothers.

Do they usually get up late? => Do they usually get up late?

Adverbs of indefinite tense (usually, never, seldom, often) are widely used in fiction. Words of indefinite tense in English help to make the speech emotionally colored and more "alive".

If we talk about the most mobile adverbs, then they include adverbs of place and time, excluding frequency. It is appropriate to put such words in different parts sentences, in its various places =>

My friends will be here tomorrow/ Tomorrow my friends will be here => My friends will be here tomorrow/Tomorrow my friends will be here.

Adverbs of time in English help to focus on a particular word / place, and therefore on the desired event. Therefore, the classical word order may be violated.

Degrees of comparison of adverbs in English

Adverbs form the degree of comparison. comparative formed with the help suffixes -er and -est. For a better understanding, let's explain the rule with examples when you need to compare something =>

Maria reads slow => Maria reads slowly.

Maria reads slower than me => Maria reads slower than me.

Maria reads the slowest in the group => Maria reads the slowest in the group.

The same applies, for example, to the word fast => fast-faster-fastest.

But! If the adverb is polysyllabic or formed with -ly, then it is appropriate to use the words more and most =>

Wisely - more wisely - most wisely.

Important! Remember the comparative exceptions of English! The words loudly, early, slowly and quickly do not apply to the above rule and are exceptions in the comparison table =>

Loudly - louder - loudest

Early - earlier - earliest.

The degrees of comparison of adverbs in English words quickly and slowly can be formed in two ways =>

Quicker/more quickly – quickest/most quickly

Slower/more slowly – slowest/most slowly.

We must also remember about adverbs that do not form degrees of comparison. in a standard way. Such words are exceptions by degrees and need to be memorized =>

Little-less-least

Much - more - most

badly-worse-worst

Far-farther/further-farthest/furthest

Well-better-best.

And further. Do not forget that in English there are adverbs that do not have degrees of comparison => optimally, somehow, thus, somewhere, here, when, sometimes.

Such words need to be memorized and constantly repeated in memory so that your speech is correct and beautiful. And yet - a comparative table should always be mentally kept in mind. It's like two and two.

Summing up

English adverbs are different, as are the ways they are formed and their place in a sentence. Vivid examples are exceptions to rules that need to be learned and repeated regularly. Knowing a lot of words and practicing them daily in colloquial speech, you will quickly learn the features of building an English sentence and choose the right words. And knowing as many adverbs in English as possible, you will make your speech colorful and interesting.

Do exercises on adverbs even when you start studying another topic. And be sure to do each exercise with translation , and if necessary, then with transcription (you can find a list of exercises on our website). This will help you learn all the possible meanings of the word in context and learn how to pronounce them correctly. High-quality English pronunciation is an important element of successful language learning. With good English pronunciation, you will feel much more confident. Fact!

Our advice! Transcription will help you get the right British accent! Be sure to listen to the pronunciation and repeat it every day.

The adverb (Adverb) refers to independent parts speech, that is, independent. Let's take a closer look at this part of speech.

Let's get down to business!

What is an English adverb?

adverb ( adverb) is an independent and independent part of speech, indicating a sign of action or various circumstances under which the action takes place.

The main questions of the adverb are the following: "how?" - " how?", "how?" - " in what way?", "where?" - " where?", "why? - " why?", "when?" - " when?", "in what degree?" - " to what degree?»

After reading this article, consolidate your knowledge of adverbs on the simulator TOP 100 adverbs in English.

All adverbs in English can be divided into two categories: by form and by meaning. The form of the adverb is:

• simple ( simple): "now", "today" etc. (now, today, etc.);
• derivatives ( derived). They are formed from quality adjectives, to which the suffix "-ly" is added: "usual" - "usually" (usually - usually);
• complex ( compound): "sometimes" (sometimes);
• composite ( composite): "at least" (finally).

Adverbs are divided into groups according to their meaning.

Table of the group of adverbs in English

Group	What question does it answer	Adverbs	Example
Adverbs of Manner Adverbs of manner	how? How?	slowly ready fast quickly carefully	He eats slowly. He eats slowly. She helped me ready. She helped me willingly. Batman drives his car fast. Batman drives his car fast.
Adverbs of Place Adverbs of place	Where? Where?	there at home everywhere outside	Granny told me to sit there. Grandma told me to sit there. I have looked for my cat everywhere. I looked everywhere for my cat. I left my car outside the yard. I left my car outside.
Adverbs of Time Adverbs of time	When? When?	yesterday now today tomorrow	He called me yesterday. He called me yesterday. She is reading newspaper now. She is reading the newspaper now. They will meet tomorrow morning. They will meet tomorrow morning.
Adverbs of Frequency Adverbs of frequency	How often? How often?	seldom once always often never sometimes	I visit him daily. I visit him daily. We seldom go to the theatre. We rarely go to the theatre. I often visit my family in another city. I often visit my family in another city.
Adverbs of Degree Adverbs of degree	How much? How much? To what degree? To what extent?	rather a bit very quite	I entirely agree with you. I fully agree with you. Lora is very beautiful. Laura is very beautiful. The film was quite interesting. The film was quite interesting.

How and when adverbs are used

Adverbs can describe:

• actions: He is running quickly. - He runs fast.
• sign: She is very witty. - She is very witty.
• another adverbs: It's too late. - Too late.
• of the whole offer: Honestly, we did a great job. - Honestly we have done a great job.

In addition, adverbs in English can connect separate offers. These adverbs include: therefore», « then», « however», « still», « still», « yet», « besides», « more over», « otherwise», « else". Or even whole sentences (subordinate and main clause as part of a complex one: “ when», « where», « how», « why».

For example:

It was very hard to start my own business. I continued and never looked back.“Starting your own business was very difficult. However, I carried on and never looked back.

I don't care why you are late again.- I don't care why you're late again.

The adverbs "when", "where", "why", "how" can serve as a question word:

Where is that boy?- Where is this boy?
When did you come?- When did you come?

Adverbs can reflect the speaker's personal attitude to the topic of conversation, in which case they are called "point of view adverbs" ( viewpoint adverb).

Foolishly, I agreed to help him.- Foolishly, I agreed to help him.
Clearly, he is mistaken. It's obvious that he's wrong.
Actually, I share your opinion.- In general, I share your point of view.

Formation of adverbs in English

In English, most adverbs in English are formed by adding the ending "- ly". For example: "lone" - " lonely"(lonely - lonely), "slow" - " slowly» (slow - slowly)

Pay attention to some nuances:

If the word ends with "- y", then we change "-y" to "- i” and also add the ending “- ly". As a result, we get the ending "- ily". For example: "easy" - " easily"(easy - easy), "happy" - " happily"(happy - happily).

If a word ends in "-le", then "-le" is simply replaced with "-ly".
For example: "simple" - " simply"(simple - simple), "able" - " ably"(skillful - skillfully).

Exception words. Usually these are adverbs that answer questions: “ when?», « where?», « how many? For example: " late" - "late", " little" - "Little", " well" - "well", " far" - "far", " fast" - "fast".

Be careful, and if you are in doubt about a word, you can always check yourself by opening a dictionary.

Place of an adverb in an English sentence

The place of adverbs in sentences depends on the words that surround this adverb, and directly on its classification:

• Adverbs of manner ( adverbs of manner) are placed before the main verb, after the auxiliary verb or at the end of the sentence.

He opened the door quietly. / He quietly opened the door. He quietly opened the door.
She is greatly respected by other colleagues. - She is highly respected by her colleagues.

• Adverbs of degree ( adverbs of degree) will come before an adjective, adverb, or main verb, but after the auxiliary verb. These adverbs include: absolutely», « completely», « totally», « very», « quite», « rather", etc.

She is extremely beautiful. - She's extremely beautiful.
We almost finished this project. - We have almost finished this project.

• Adverbs of frequency ( adverbs of frequency) it is customary to put before the main verb, but after the auxiliary ones, including "to be". These are adverbs such as always», « often», « usually», « rarely», « seldom».

I am always pleased to see you.- I'm always glad to see you.
He has always been cruel to her. He has always been cruel to her.

• If we are talking about adverbs of place and time ( adverbs of place and time), then their usual location is at the end or beginning of a sentence. If adverbs of place and time occur simultaneously in a sentence, the adverb of place comes first. We put some monosyllabic words (soon, now, then) before the main verb, or after auxiliary ones (including “to be”).

I will call you tomorrow.- I'll call you tomorrow.
There is a supermarket nearby.- Nearby there is a supermarket.
I will soon let you know whether I want to move or not.- I'll let you know as soon as I want to move or not.

• An adverb that defines the entire sentence as a whole is usually placed at the beginning or end of the sentence.

Unfortunately, I failed to cope with this work.“Unfortunately, I didn't get the job done.
I will be at work at 8 a.m. probably. I will probably be at work by eight in the morning.

But what if there are two or more adverbs in a sentence? We arrange them according to the following scheme: adverb of manner - adverb of place- adverb of time.

She has been reading a book intensely in her bed all day long. She has been reading carefully in her bed all day.

• And if the sentence contains one of verbs of motion (go, come, leave, etc.)? In this case, the order would be: adverb of place - adverb of manner - adverb of time.

I was going there quickly yesterday.- I went quickly there yesterday.

flat adverbs

« flat adverbs", they are " bare adverbs" or adverbs without a grammatical indicator are adverbs whose form is the same as the corresponding adjectives. Some of them: " far», « fast», « fine», « hard», « high», « long», « low», « near», « quick», « slow», « straight"and so on.

Let's look at the most common examples:

• Far(far). This is an adverb does not have forms " -ly».

You will go far in your career. You will go far in your career.

• Fast(fast). Another adverb without the usual "-ly" equivalent: drive fast(drive fast).
• Flat(exactly, decisively). Both forms are similar, but separate:

I was turned down flat.- I was categorically refused.
I flatly refused.- I was categorically refused.

• Hard(strongly, firmly) This adverb and its "-ly" form are completely different in meaning:

He hit him hard.- He hit him hard.
He hardly hit him. He barely hit him.

• kind(softly, kindly). "Kind" and "kindly" are slightly different in meaning:

Be kind. - Be kind/kind.

Think kindly of them.- Think kindly of them.

• Quick(fast). This adverb is interchangeable with its "-ly" form: "come quick" and "come quickly" mean the same thing (come soon).
• Smart(quickly, deftly). Has a form with "-ly". The meanings of the forms are slightly different.

Kids like to play smart now and choose transformers.- Today, children like to play smart and choose transformers.
He loves dressing smartly.- He likes to dress elegantly.

• Slow(slowly). "Slow" and "slowly" are interchangeable: "drive slow" and "drive slowly" mean the same thing.

Degrees of comparison of adverbs in English

Depending on what we are comparing, we can distinguish 2 degrees of comparison:

1. Comparative- compare objects on a common basis. For example: He jumps higher than his sister.

2. excellent- we compare objects in order to identify the object with the most pronounced feature. For example: He jumps the highest.

To form comparative and excellent the degree of comparison of adverbs with the suffix "- ly", necessary add the words « more» ( less) or " most» ( least), which are translated as more/less and most/least, to positive degree given word. For example: open-more/ less open- most/ least openly (open - more / less open - most / least open).

Monosyllabic adverbs like " fast», « soon" etc. form degrees of comparison, like the corresponding adjectives, that is, with the help of the suffixes "- er» / «- est»:
soon - sooner - soonest(soon).

In a separate number of adverbs in general no degree comparisons. These include " before», « here», « very" other.

And there is also a group of formation of adverbs in English, which are an exception, since they form degrees of comparison not according to the rules. They need to be taught:

• far - farther - farthest(far);
• far - further - furthest(far);
• badly - worse - worst(bad);
• little - less - least(few);
• much - more - most(lot);
• well - better - best(well).

Conclusion

Adverbs in English are independent and independent parts of speech that determine the nature of the course of an action. The form is divided into 4 groups: simple, derivatives, complex and composite. By value they are divided into: adverbs of image actions, adverbs of place, adverbs of time in english, adverbs of frequency in English and adverbs of degree. Adverbs are formed by adding the suffix " -ly» to an adjective, but there are also forms that need to be remembered. Adverbs can appear at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a sentence, and have comparative and superlative degrees, just like adjectives.

We hope this article has dispelled all your doubts in this topic. Good luck in your studies and clear English to you.

Big and friendly family EnglishDom

Adverbs of time- adverbs that answer the question "when?" ('when') and indicate the time and frequency of the action. By meaning, all adverbs of time can be divided into two main groups:

1. adverbs of a certain time

Adverbs of a certain tense are used at the beginning or at the end suggestions.

Today I work till 5 o'clock or I work till 5 o'clock today.

I work until 5 o'clock today.

She has never met him before.

She never met him before. (before is often placed at the end of a sentence)

It is worth noting that the adverb ‘ yet' is usually used in interrogative and negative sentences and is used at the end suggestions.

Have you bought a car yet?

You already bought a car?

They haven't moved to a new flat yet.

They are not yet moved to a new apartment.

2. adverbs of indefinite tense(include adverbs of frequency)

In a sentence, adverbs of indefinite tense are most often used before the verb.

He regularly goes to the gym.

He regularly goes to the gym.