Old Slavonic curse words. Curses in Russia and their meaning

Old Russian curses and comments on them

People have always quarreled, This natural state person: get angry and try to hurt the offender. Today people swear at bus stops public transport, at home, with children, on the Internet, and wherever possible. The scope of the lexical application of these insults rarely goes beyond the genitals or sexual intercourse, and such expressions as: fool, goat, freak, etc. today they are already forgotten or used in everyday speech, and if they are sent, then by a direct road and for a long time. Here the people vocabulary although it is great, since the Russian language allows you to inflect, if desired, not even inflected, and combine the incongruous. The fact is that from one word you can make dozens of phrases with different meanings. We will not give examples, since children can also read the article, and adults, if they think about this topic, will agree with our statements.
But Russian today although it is considered rich, if we consider it as a language put on a chronological and historical tape, it becomes clear that the language is becoming poorer. But thank the Gods, our language is still figurative and powerful in every respect. And when we swear, we release negative images. And the interlocutor is obliged to defend or attack also in negative ways. This is a battle of consciousnesses and thoughts, but not a lexical battle. Who has a more angry and resentful mindset, who can quickly suppress with their images inner world another person, he wins. Unless of course there is a mutual battle, smart people and wise men do not participate in such things. They have a barrier to such images and are powerless against them.
The very tendency to swear with the genitals goes back to Western civilization, where there is one message with thousands of shades, but without changing the lexical meaning, without additional words in an offensive sentence. There is already a 3-4 generation grown on foreign, especially American, films, where insults and obscenities are the basic norm of communication.
Everything was different in the Russian Middle Ages and in more distant times. As we already wrote, people always cursed! This is normal condition, but let them curse evil, but do not touch the shame (as the genitals were called). The swear words were extremely varied, exceptional, interesting and to the point.
Nicknames, bold comparisons, clever remarks came into play here. etc. In other words, there was a metaphor at the level of cursing. Without understanding metaphors, and we recall that this is a term that in the literature means hidden comparison You couldn't understand what people were talking about.
In those days, they did not risk so simply using too negative images. This was considered bad manners. And the arrangement of the world order itself was different, for example, in the village everyone knew everyone, and many were relatives, albeit distant ones. Therefore, they did not bring matters to such insults, because they knew the power of such curses.
Some curses have survived to this day., however, in a modified form, since language is a changeable system. And swearing is no exception.
In general, the topic of Russian swearing is of interest to many researchers. For example, not a single dissertation work on linguistics has been written on this topic.
Below we list Old Russian curses with explanations and interpretations. Maybe someone will be interested in getting to know them!

The Russian language is damn rich, including swearing, name-calling and offensive epithets. And we in our speech use only a small part of the opportunities provided to us. Well, who will surprise you with a "fool", "cattle" or "stupid". And you can name a person (only someone who really deserves it, of course) in such a way that he will understand for sure that he has just been called, but it’s not entirely clear who exactly. Take aback, attracting attention, interest, and then respect with admiration are guaranteed to you if you use in your speech the riches that the old Russian language and various dialects gave us.

Names about the mind

Balamoshka - crazy, fool

God-willed - thin-witted, bad

Goddess- natural fool

King-faced - strong-headed, stupid, stupid

Lobodyrny - idiot

Mezheumok - a person of a very average mind

Mordophilia is a fool, and even swaggering

Not much- near

Claims about appearance

Pentyukh - a pot-bellied man with an outstanding stern in addition

bezpelyuha, tyuryuhailo- slob

stinky - nasty, smelly

Zatetyokha - portly woman

Zaguzastka - a round, fat woman with a big booty

Yerpyl - undersized

Zahuhrya - nechesa, slob, disheveled

shpyn head- a man with a disgrace on his head

Fuflyga - a nondescript little man

Names about character

Maracusha is a nasty person

Khobyak, Mihryutka, Sivolap - clumsy, awkward

Sverbiguzka is a fidget girl, she has itching in one place (a tail is a priest). She's the Screechweaver

Ashcheul - mockingbird, scowl

Windmill - absurd woman

Balyaba - rokhlya, gape

Belebenya, Lyabzya - a wastelander

Bobynya, Bunya - inflated, swaggering

Bradky - talkative, talkative (from the word "nonsense", as you understand)

Kolotovka is a pugnacious and grumpy woman. She is Kuelda

Guzynya or Ryuma - crybaby, roar

Pynya is a proud, inflated, inaccessible woman

Pyatiguz- an unreliable person, literally can be translated as "five-ass"

Rashekolda - a talkative woman

A beggar is a woman whom you don’t feed with bread, let me bet

Suemudr - falsely wise

Kosterya, kropot, skapyzhnik - grumbler, grumbler

Shinora - sly

Names about behavior

Volochaika, Gulnya, Yonda, Bezsoromna - all this splendor of epithets is dedicated to dissolute women

Bzyrya, Whore, Buslai - a rabid rake, a reveler

Valandai, Kolobrod, Mukholud- loafer, loafer

eyeball - curious

Stove ride - lazy

Truperda - a clumsy woman

Darkness - active ignoramus

Yerokhvost - bully, debater

Yora - a mischievous, brisk-tongued woman

Kiselai, kolupai - a sluggish, slow person

Shlynda - tramp, parasite

Tatuy - sycophant

Nasupa- gloomy, gloomy

And more good synonyms for familiar words

Vymesok - geek

Spoilage - premature baby

Sdergoumka - half-wit

elm tail- gossip

loha is stupid

Stupefaction, oak talk, absurdity, circumstance is a fool

Shavrik is a piece of shit

OKAYOM - scumbag

Kuroshup - a womanizer

Rope devil - psycho

Oblud, blew - liar

Oguryala, ohalnik - ugly and hooligan

Snyagolov - daredevil

spit - talker

Tartyga - drunkard

Tues - stupid

Even before the "invention" swear words in Russia there was a huge layer of vocabulary that was used for swearing. She was on the move like ordinary people(artisans, peasants, servants in the chambers of the nobility), and among more educated, even high-ranking persons (interpreters (translators), teachers, boyars, princes). These words were not indecent, taboo vocabulary, so they were freely used in everyday life.

From the animal kingdom

The simplest curses were formed from the names of animals ("cattle", "worm", "dog", "goat", etc.). If a person used one or more of these curses in relation to any person, he equated the latter with a creature of lower development, considered him unworthy high rank person. Usually so condemned low moral qualities or insufficient mental development called.

otherworldly forces

Very carefully, but still used for curses and words denoting otherworldly forces: “witch”, “devil”, “demon”, etc. But they tried not to abuse such words much so as not to invite trouble. It was believed that the remembrance of the name of the unclean could attract him to this world, to the person who called him. A woman could be called a “witch” only in their hearts, very angry when emotions definitely took precedence over caution.

Unique tokens

In addition to the names of animals, the Slavs also widely used unique “swearing” vocabulary. For example, such as “ashcheul” (grinder and mocker), “basalai” (rude person, ignorant, rude). These words were bright emotional coloring for our ancestors, but over the centuries they have ceased to be used, have lost their color and meaning. Many of Old Slavic curses completely incomprehensible to modern people.

A very small number of words are still used in different dialects, and their speakers perfectly understand what they are talking about. For example: “balamoshka” (crazy, stupid, fool), “penty” (fat, flabby man with a big belly and large buttocks), etc. Others - unique and very colorful - words gradually lost their meaning and were forgotten. It is only thanks to philologists and researchers of the Russian language that they have now been restored:

Goddess(also: lud, oak talk, nonsense, nonsense, dumbfounded, oatmeal forehead, slut) - a fool from God, a fool, an idiot;
Balakhvost- a man who drags behind all the women in a row;
Bezpelyukha- a clumsy person, also a slut besides;
Bzyra- playboy, rake;
Boldyr(aka eropka or bunya) - a person with great conceit, swaggering and puffed up;
squishy- disgusting person, vile;
Valandai is a quitter;
screechweaver(aka Sverbiguzka) - a young girl who cannot sit still, fidget;

vymesok- moral deformity, degenerate;
elm tail- a woman who spreads gossip throughout the district;
eyeball- the one who stares, is overly curious;
Gulnya(she’s Yonda, drag, shlenda, mommy, bald and shameless woman) - a walking woman, literally a prostitute;
Erochtail- the one who does not need bread, but just let me argue on any topic;
Yerpyl- short, hurried little man;
Zaguzatka is a fat girl (or married woman) with a huge ass;
Zaovinnik- the one who squeezes the girls behind the barn, the red tape man;
Zatetecha- a tall and very large woman;
Zahuhrya- an uncombed girl or a peasant who does not follow his appearance;
Kashchei(he is stingy) - miser, greedy;
Kolobrod- loafer;

Kolotovka(or kuelda) - a stupid and grumpy woman, who, moreover, can raise her hand to the offender;
Kiselai(aka kolupai) - a lethargic, very slow person, from whom there is little use;
Loshy- bad, bad
Lyabzya- idler;
Mihryutka- a very clumsy person;
Mordophilia- a fool, besides boastful, swaggering;
Moscow- a prankster;
Nasupa(he is sullen) - an angry person, gloomy;
blew- a person with whom you should not deal, a deceiver;
Bummer- rude;
circumshade- a naughty child / young man, a fool to the same;
Ohalnik - a prankster, fixing all sorts of indecency, outrageous;
Furnace valley(he bakes) - the one who does not get off the stove, i.e. lazy person;
Hollowwind- a liar or simply a talker;
Pynya is a woman who carries herself high, impregnable, very proud;
Raztetyokha is a very fat and clumsy woman;

Scraped snout - a man with a shaved beard, which was considered shameful in Russia;
Bitch - literally "carrion", the last of the last, worthless little man;
The Scarecrow is a terribly ugly man, such that people become afraid of him;

Tartyra - the one who likes to kiss the bottle, and then rages on a drunken head;
Truperda is a clumsy, clumsy woman;
Tyuryuhailo is a very sloppy, slovenly person;
Fofan - stupid man, who is easily deceived, a simpleton;
Khmysten is a thief;
Stranger (or shlynda) - one who lives at the expense of others, parasite, parasite;
shaloput - a person from whom there is little sense, dissolute.

And this is only a part of the offensive and insulting words that the Russian people came up with to denote the low qualities of a person.