How to get from the village of Bobrovo to the village of Butovo - car navigator. South Butovo District

You set out to overcome the distance from the village of Butovo to Neya. Which of the motorists does not dream of getting to their destination as quickly and at the lowest cost as possible. One way to achieve this goal is to have information about the distance between the point of origin and the end point of the route. Our map will help you find the shortest and most optimal route between the village of Butovo and Ney. With a known average speed vehicle it is possible to calculate the travel time with a small error. AT this case, knowing the answer to the question how many km between the village of Butovo and Ney - 0 km. , the time you will spend on the road will be approximately 0 h.0 min. The map is very easy to work with. The system will find shortest distance and suggest the BEST route. The route from the village of Butovo to Neya is shown in the diagram with a thick line. On the map you will see all the settlements that will meet on your way while driving. Having information about cities, towns (check out the list settlements along the Butovo - Neya highway at the bottom of the page) and traffic police posts located along the route, you can quickly navigate in unfamiliar areas. If you need to find another route, just indicate FROM and WHERE you need to get to, and the system will definitely offer you a solution. Having a ready-made map from the village of Butovo to Neya and knowing how to get through difficult interchanges, you can always easily answer the question of how to get from the village of Butovo to Neya.

panoramas
Panorama of the village of Butovo and Nei

Driving along a pre-planned route is a way to eliminate the problems that may arise in unfamiliar terrain and get over the desired section of the road as quickly as possible. Do not miss the details, check in advance on the map all the complex road forks.
Don't forget a few simple rules:

• Any driver who travels long distances needs rest. Your trip will be safer and more enjoyable if, having built a route in advance, you decide on places to rest. The map shown on the site is various modes. Use the result of the work of ordinary Internet users and refer to the "People's Map" mode. You may find useful information there.
• Do not exceed the speed limit. A preliminary calculation of the time and the built route of the trip will help to meet the schedule and not exceed the permitted speed limits. Thus, you will not endanger yourself and other road users.
• It is prohibited to use while driving substances that cause alcohol or drug intoxication, as well as psychotropic or other substances that cause intoxication. Despite the abolition of zero ppm (now the possible total permissible error in measuring the level of alcohol in the blood is 0.16 mg per 1 liter of exhaled air), drinking alcohol while driving is strictly prohibited.

Good luck on the roads!

... I have been living in South Butovo for almost 20 years ... You can say - "old-timer" ...

.... I saw how this area developed and was built, how wooden houses, and how the same type of high-rise buildings were erected on the site of former fields and cut down gardens ...

... I remember how and with what difficulty it was possible to get to the nearest metro - half an hour, or even an hour by bus to Prazhskaya or Yasenevo metro stations! And if there are no traffic jams...

... How the first “light” metro in Moscow was built, going above the ground ... Right under my windows ... And what happiness it was when it was built!

30 minutes (only!) to the center of Moscow….

... How the forest gradually turned into a dump ...

... How and by whom the area was populated ...

... I saw it all and remember ...

Location

…Yuzhnoye Butovo is located in the South-Western District of Moscow – it is one of the few “environmentally clean” districts of Moscow where there are practically no industrial enterprises (with the exception of a modern thermal power plant running on natural gas).

The area is "limited" from the east by the railway (direction to Serpukhov), however, continuing beyond it, and already beyond the Warsaw highway, and from the west, northwest and southwest - the former state farm Kommunarka, pos. The gas pipeline (from Gazprom), the village of Bachurino, many dacha and cottage villages, for example, the huge cottage village of Potapovo, and then the Kaluga highway, from the north - the dacha villages of Gavrikovo and Berezki, and the rather large Butovsky forest park (Butovsky forest, as it is usually called), behind which is the Bitsa River (Bitsevo recreation area), and the Moscow Ring Road, as if separating the Butovsky forest, the Yasenevsky forest park and the Yasenevo area ...

And in the south, South Butovo is, as it were, “limited” by the Tsyganka River ... “As if” - because the area smoothly “stepped over” to the city of Shcherbinka ... And it will probably now go south, due to the fact that a huge territory is to the south and ego- west of Moscow - this is already "New Moscow". And a microdistrict has already appeared - New Butovo ... Another built-up ...

The villages of Schibrovo and Yazovo, pos. Novokuryanovo, located "in the ring" railway- the former test site of the Ministry of Railway Transport, and even to the south - Ostafyevo ... There is the Ostafyevo estate, once owned by the princes Vyazemsky, and badly destroyed in Soviet times (there was a rest house of the Council of Ministers!) ... Ostafyevo airfield with private planes and helicopters ...

To the west of the village of Yazovo, the "remnant" of the typical "dacha-village" development of South Butovo - the villages of Karakushevo, Voskresenskoye, Gubkino, Yamontovo, Gorodishche and again Kaluga highway

With North Butovo (which would be more correct to call Kachalovo, after the former village, which was demolished and built up in the late 80s of the twentieth century), Butovo South is connected by just one road - st. Glades…

This is all that is left to the village of Polyany - one name ... Or on foot through the small forest park "Dubki" with oaks ... Real ones ...

So it's not so easy to leave Yuzhny Buty - either to the north, to the Moscow Ring Road, or to the east - to the Varshavskoe highway. To the south and west there are country roads, villages with barriers and guards, rivers... So Butovo is sort of "sandwiched" between the Kaluga and Warsaw highways and the Moscow Ring Road... And you won't get out...

Story

The first chronicle mention of these lands dates back to 1339, when the great Moscow prince Ioann Danilovich, nicknamed Kalita, bequeathed to his sons the village of Astafyevskoye and Yasenovskoye.

There is a legend that the first news about the beginning of the campaign of the Mongol-Tatar hordes of the temnik Mamai to Russia in 1380, the Grand Duke of Moscow Dmitry Donskoy received in the village of Kiovo-Kachalovo (now Northern Butovo), from which only one church has survived to date - the Church of the Holy Great Martyr Paraskeva-Fridays.

Villages and villages in Butovo in those days appeared and disappeared - the peasants, having exhausted the arable land around the village, moved to a new place.

And only starting from the 16th - 17th centuries, that complex of villages and villages began to form, which was preserved in Butovo until the end of the 20th century.

The history of the name "Butovo" is rooted in the distant past.. There are many legends about the origin of its name.

One of them says that at the end of 1612. Russia, exhausted, bled and devastated " troubled times”, sent elected people from all classes to the Zemsky Sobor to elect a new tsar to the capital just liberated from the Polish invaders.

Among the candidates were Prince Trubetskoy, Prince Cherkassky, Mikhail Romanov. While the boyars were arguing, the Russian land continued with difficulty to fight off foreign robbers from Poland, Lithuania, Sweden and Ukraine. And the Polish swedish kings threatened a new war, gathered troops, seized the outlying Russian lands.

And then on February 21 Zemsky Cathedral an elected Don Cossack, nicknamed But or Butov, came forward.

Chronicles brought us his speech: “We withstood the siege of Moscow and liberated it, and now we must endure poverty and die completely, we want to immediately swear allegiance to the king in order to know whom we serve.”

After that, he filed a record of all the Cossacks on the recognition of Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov as Tsar. In gratitude for the faithful service to Russia, the Cossack Butov was given an estate with a village, later named Butov.

There is another legend about the origin of the name Butovo. Stone, sandstone - "but" has been mined in these places for a long time. He was irregular shape and went mainly for the foundations of houses. Old quarries for the extraction of "rubble stone" are still found in the Butovo forest, there are old quarries in Northern Butovo.

In the 17th century, it was from here that “but” was brought to Moscow for the construction of boyar chambers, churches and temples.

There is a third legend . After the victory at Poltava, Tsar Peter I, wishing to reward a certain General Butov, gave him these lands as an estate with the words: “Since you are Butov, here is the Butovo tract near Moscow for you.”

The heyday of Yuzhny Butovo began with the construction of railways in Russia.

In 1871, the Butovo landowners turned to Karl Fedorovich von Meck, railway engineer, co-owner of several railways, requesting the construction railway station. Their request also coincided with the desire of von Meck himself, who had extensive land holdings in Butovo.

The constructed railway immediately acquired great importance for the entire region. The nearby Abels brick factory, opened back in 1876 and supplying bricks to Moscow and the Moscow region, came to life, in 1889 the second brick factory - the Alexandrov brothers - began to work. The brick of this plant was used in the construction of the railway station building at Butovo station.

The appearance of the Butovo railway station in 1903 raised the price and importance of the lands lying on both sides railway tracks. The entrance to the Butovo station was illuminated with kerosene lanterns!

And in the village of Butovo itself, only 110 peasants lived. Probably about 10-15 families... The village "...had 42.2 acres of arable land, 28.5 acres of forest land, 15 horses and 10 cows...". Lived in poverty...

But there were a lot of dachas or “manors” (forest dachas) that belonged to industrial merchants, who, after the October Revolution (or, as they are now called, “revolutions”) of 1917, were given over to orphanages, various workshops for homeless children, and also to sanatoriums. for representatives of the "new government".

Later, at the end of the 20s of the XX century, government agencies began to be placed in the former orphanages.

So, in 1928, the building of an orphanage for homeless children was occupied by the Radio Center. In those years, he carried out radio broadcasting to the south of the Moscow region and to the Butovsky station settlement. Now it is the "State Enterprise of Broadcasting and Radio Communications No. 1" (GPR-1) of the Ministry of Communications of Russia. On its territory now there is a garden partnership "Radist", which occupies almost 20 hectares of land, and numerous cottages, and many garages ...

Nearby is the village "Radiocontrol", built in 1930. He is at the entrance to South Butovo, and it was here, on April 12, 1961, that they duplicated radio contact with Yuri Gagarin.

In 1932, the Butovo test depot for locomotives was built and put into operation - the “railway ring”.

In 1938, Butovo received the status of a holiday village, and in 1939 the first electric train from Moscow to Podolsk passed through the Butovo station.

Stalinist repressions 1936–1939 did not bypass the village of Butovo… Eternal monument grief will remain a training ground in the village. Drozhzhino, behind the Warsaw highway, just 3 kilometers from the station. Butovo, where thousands of people died.

In just 14 months of 1937-1938, more than 20 thousand people were shot here, but there are probably other burial places, unknown, not yet documented, there are only fragmentary memories of local residents.

And at the end of the 19th century, the estate of Kosmodemyanskoye-Drozhzhino was located on the site of the Butovo training ground.

For the first time, the village of Drozhzhino was mentioned in 1568 - the first owner of the village was a zemstvo boyar, duma clerk Fyodor Mikhailovich Drozhzhin, who was executed under Ivan the Terrible. Apparently, since those very times, a bloody trail has been trailing behind this place ...

In 1889, the owner of the estate, N. M. Solovyov, founded a stud farm, and a hippodrome with spectator stands was built near the forest.

The next owner of the Butovo estate, I.I. Zimin, soon after the revolution, without waiting for confiscation and execution, gave everything to the state and left with his family abroad.

Subsequently, his stud farm supplied horses to the Red Army.

In 1935, the territory of the Drozhzhino estate (about 2 sq. Km) was surrounded by a blank fence, and a “NKVD shooting range” was equipped, and the territory was taken under round-the-clock armed guards. The Butovo training ground was under the protection of the state security troops until 1995.

What were they guarding? mass graves shot peasants, priests, workers, intelligentsia...? This we will never know...

Not so far from Drozhzhino was the most terrible torture prison of the NKVD - Sukhanovo, located in the former St. Catherine's men's monastery...

From the middle of the war in the vicinity of Butovo there were camps for German prisoners of war who worked on the construction of the Simferopol highway and at a brick factory. During the war years, they were hardly fed, they died of hunger, ate leaves and cooked the bark of trees, arousing the compassion of local residents, also hungry, but who, contrary to prohibitions, tried to feed them.

How many German prisoners of war died here from exhaustion is not known. The bodies were brought and buried in common pits on the edge of the rural cemetery in Drozhzhino - near the same Butovo training ground.

In 1949-1951, a settlement was built on the territory of the "special zone" - three brick houses, in two of which employees of the MGB received apartments or rooms, and in the third there was a "special school" in which they studied officers of internal services of the countries of Eastern Europe.

In the mid-50s, the “special zone” was liquidated, its central part, where the main part of the burials were located, was surrounded by a blank wooden fence, over which barbed wire was stretched. And along the edges of the “special zone” a summer cottage settlement of the MGB was built.

Mass executions were also carried out in the area of ​​the former state farm Kommunarka, with which Art. Butovo at one time was connected by a railway, of which now only an embankment remains, and in some places sharpened sleepers.

Ten kilometers of death... Just 10 kilometers from the "Butovo special training ground"...

Kommunarka… This is no longer the Butovo area, but from the outskirts of South Butovo, from the street. Glades - just an hour's walk along the edge of the forest and fields ... And Kommunarka is connected with the Butovo training ground in the terrible years of 1936-39, mass executions ...

On the Kaluga highway there is an inconspicuous sign "24 km", and from it comes country road- 400 meters deep into the forest, resting against a fence with barbed wire.

A small metal plaque hangs in front of the entrance to the fenced area: “Thousands of victims of the political terror of the 1930-1950s lie in this land. Eternal memory to them! This is - historical monument « Special object of the NKVD "Kommunarka".

Once this land was privately owned and was called by the name of the neighboring village, which has already disappeared - Khoroshevka. It was a quiet and secluded forest dacha (manor) with a master's house, a linden alley leading to it, small outbuildings and a pond in the depths of the forest, formed by the dammed river Ordynka.

The first information about the Lareve estate, which then included Khoroshavka, dates back to the beginning of the 17th century. The estate was divided into two properties, which belonged to the noble boyar Matvey Fedorovich Streshnev and the Rzhev governor Lavrenty Aleksandrovich Kologrivov.

In the future, the estate repeatedly passed from hand to hand. Its last owners were the nobles P. I. Baranov, N. P. Golokhvastov, Colonel A. V. Polenov and others.

The Khoroshavka manor was owned by a certain B. A. Malevsky-Malevich, and in the neighborhood of Khoroshavka there were ancient estates: Prokshino, Makarovo, Nikolo-Khovanskoye - the estate of the Khovansky princes (one of its last owners, Baron Dmitry Shepping, was shot by the OGPU in 1930 ).

Here were the estates of Tyulyaevo, Fitarevo, der. Stolbovo - and here the state farm "Kommunarka" subordinated to the OGPU-NKVD was organized. The village of Stolbovo has survived to this day…

In the 1920s, people still lived in the Khoroshavka estate, for some reason it was not confiscated immediately after the revolution, but now all the buildings belonging to the period of private ownership have completely disappeared, destroyed.

Only a pond survived, century-old lindens and a river running along the bottom of a ravine. There is still nightingale singing in the spring, lilies of the valley under dark fir trees, meadows with fragrant orchids near Moscow.

But under the cover of flowers and greenery, the remains of thousands of those executed in 1937-1941 are hidden in the depths of the earth.

The Kommunarka state farm was subordinate to the OGPU-NKVD. By the name of the state farm, the burial zone itself became known as Kommunarka.

Rice. 8. Special object of the NKVD "Kommunarka": 1. Gate of the object; 2. House-dacha of the People's Commissar of the NKVD of the USSR G. Yagoda; 3. Pond; 4. Dam; 5. Birch Grove - one of the places of mass graves; 6. Bath; 7. Lime alley; 8. Remains of a barbed wire fence http://www.itogi.ru/paper2000.nsf/Inside/Itogi_2000_44.html

This place is one of the most tragic places in the history of Russia in the 20th century. This is - former dacha"bloody people's commissar" of internal affairs of the OGPU Genrikh Yagoda, or rather, one of his dachas, which became after the arrest of the people's commissar himself (March 28, 1937) the burial place of the executed. Between 5,000 and 10,000 people are buried here, the exact number is unknown.

Now the territory of the former “special object of the NKVD” “Kommunarka” has been transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church.

In 1940, the dacha settlement of Butovo was transformed into a working settlement, in the 50s of the 20th century Butovo developed rapidly, it was intensively built up both with individual, one-story houses and multi-storey buildings, but there are not many of them - three five-story buildings - "Khrushchev" and a nine-story house of the "Brezhnev era", yes a couple two-storey houses and a brick four-story house, where they gave apartments to the workers of ZIL - the automobile plant named after. Likhachev. There was also a red-brick school, now demolished, a kindergarten remained from those times ...

But in 1985, the territory of Southern Butovo (as well as Northern) was included in the territory of Moscow.

At that time, about 12 thousand people lived in Butovo, mostly in private houses, and until recently, a huge private sector remained in the region - almost a thousand houses in 10 towns and villages.

However, in 1991, by order of the Mayor of Moscow, in the course of "carrying out the reform of the management structure in the city," a municipal area South Butovo, and since 1992 the mass development of the area began, " main task which was not only the creation comfortable conditions residence of Muscovites in new apartments, but also giving a modern architectural appearance South Butovo.

Now Yuzhnoye Butovo, in connection with the active construction of new residential areas, has actually grown to the city of Shcherbinka. Almost all wooden houses have been demolished…

Today, more than 200 thousand people live in South Butovo ...

Geography

Geographically, the region of Northern and Southern Butovo belongs to the valley zone of the middle reaches of the Moskva River and the Moskvoretsko-Oka Plain.

In fact, Butovo is separated from the Teplostan Upland by the valley of the Bitza River.

The Teplostan Upland itself is a separate geomorphological region, forming a watershed node from which the tributaries of the river begin. Setun (r. Ramenka), r. Desna (R. Sosenka), r. Pakhry (R. Bitsa, R. Gorodnya, with a tributary of the Vodyanka, R. Kotlovka, Gypsy with tributaries of the Chura (Chechera) and Yazvenka).

A hollow south of Golubin (the former village of M. Golubino, now the Yasenevo district) separates the Bachurinsky Hill from the Teplostan Upland (the village of Bachurino northwest of Yu. Butovo).

The hollow has gentle slopes and is open to the west towards the river basin. Sosenka, and in the east it passes into the valley of the river, clearly outlined by steep slopes. Bitsa, which is the border between the Teplostan Upland and the Pripakhra ancient terraced plain.

River valley The bitsa is wide, two terraces complicated by landslides are marked. The height of the relief is about 170-180 m above sea level

A terraced plain (latitudinally) is an eroded surface of Mesozoic rocks overlain by a stratum of Quaternary glacial deposits (aqueous glacial and alluvial deposits).

Above the river valley Beats, in southbound- an elevated vast plain of the ancient fluvioglacial terrace of the river. Pakhra covered with moraine (from the river Bitsa to the river Pakhra), with relative heights relief 150-190 m. On the territory of the Butovo forest maximum height 228.6 meters

In the area of ​​st. Butovo, we observe the following geological section:

• Fluvioglacial Quaternary clays. Power 3.05 m
• Clays and sands are moraine Quaternary. Thickness 15.85 m
• Cretaceous sands and sandstones (Lower Cretaceous, Aptian,J 3 a). Thickness 17.57 m
• Upper Jurassic clays. Thickness 17.44 m
• Limestones of the Middle Carboniferous.

It was Cretaceous sandstones that were mined for “buta”, and clay for brick factories was taken from the surface or moraine, it was more suitable for bricks ...

Vegetation

In Butovo, in forests and forest parks, along the edge of the forest, along the former railway Bye birch, alder, maple, aspen, oak, spruce, pine and larch, a lot of bird cherry, wild, or rather "wild" apple trees, undergrowth of hazel and various shrubs predominate. In the spring, lilies of the valley bloom, mercilessly peeled off by the "barbecue", like the bird cherry, which every weekend, starting from the May holidays, arrange their "gatherings" in the forest and on the edge of the forest ...

Soils

In the region of Southern Butovo, developed soddy-podzolic soils on mantle loams.

There are several soil horizons: AY - EL - BT - C.

AY- gray-humus (turf), gray, dark gray, thickness up to 10 cm.

Gradually passes into the eluvial horizon EL

EL– light, light gray, sometimes light brownish-red in the upper part. Power up to 30 cm.

BT– textural horizon, brown to brown-brown, dense, texture prismatic or close to it.

With- cover loam.

Hydrography of South Butovo

Several rivers flow through the territory of the district - Gvozdyanka (a tributary of Pakhra), Gypsy with Chura (or Chechera), tributaries of the river. Gums. Sometimes the river Tsyganka before confluence with Chura (Chechra) is called Smelt.

River Gypsy, more than 10 km long, begins in the Butovsky forest, south of the top of the Bachurinsky hill, gathering from numerous forest ravines with springs. By the way, there is an equipped spring in the Butovo forest, from where many residents still take water ... They say that it is very tasty and does not deteriorate for a long time ...

At the exit from the Butovsky forest, the river forms a small littered and overgrown pond.

Then the almost dry river bed passes under the embankment of the former Butovo-Kommunarka railway, and then the Gypsy “walks” along residential areas built on site former village Gavrikovo, where only two small ponds (Gavrikovskiye Ponds) remained from its bed, and the river bed itself is enclosed in a collector.

On the territory of the "Children's Park" there are also two ponds lined with stone, between the ponds there is a decorative channel lined with stones, overgrown in some places, with bridges and cascades.

Further, the Tsyganka River goes into the collector, and near the metro station “Ul. Gorchakov”, a right, small and weakly expressed tributary, the Chura River, running along Gorchakov Street, partly in a collector, and partly in an artificial channel, flows into it.

After the metro station "St. Gorchakov" b. The gypsy is already flowing in a natural channel, intensively overgrown with cattail, among the willows leaning over it, and "enters" the territory of the former village of Chernevo, pouring into the Chernevskiye Ponds, Upper and Lower, separated by a dam.

Further, the Tsyganka River leaves the Chernevskiye Ponds and gradually expands, through a heavily littered channel under the highway, near the Buninskaya Alley metro station, flows into the large Yuzhnobutovsky Pond. The pond is “two-horned”, its second “horn” is formed by the right tributary of the river, the Yazvenka, blocked by a dam.

The Tsyganka River merges from the pond under Ostafevskaya Street in the collector and then flows westward in a free, very winding channel, until it flows into the river. Sosenka, which, in turn, going south, will flow into the Desna River, and the Desna - into Pakhra ...

And the Pakhra River, in the area of ​​vil. Lower Myachkovo (where limestone, “white stone”, was previously mined for the construction of Moscow), flows into the Moscow River ...

The Gvozdyanka River in the Butovo region, more precisely, near the station. Butovo, is a few dirty and heavily overgrown with cattail ponds, goes under the railway, also through a chain of ponds, flows to the village. Drozhzhino, and then through vill. Bobrovo, past the infamous Sukhanovo (forming a large pond), then again ponds, from the south the Pustyshka River flows into it, and further into the village. Yakovlevo - a dam and a pond, and then Gvozdyanka, flowing through the fields, flows into Pakhra. Literally 500 meters downstream Pakhra - the mouth of the river. Battles…

Imagine that if the Tsyganka River were “navigable”, and there were no collectors, and dams, cities, then it would be possible, as it was probably a very, very long time ago, several hundred, or maybe a thousand, or even two thousand years ago, years ago, to make a rather long, and probably very, very dangerous journey along the Tsyganka River from its source, from the ravines of the Butovsky Forest to the mouth - the confluence with Pakhra, and then with the Moscow River ...

And then to Kolomna - to the Oka, and along the Oka past Ryazan and Murom, in Nizhny Novgorod- all the way to the Volga! And there - Kazan, and Simbirsk (Ulyanovsk), and Samara, and Kamyshin, and Volgograd, and Astrakhan, to the Caspian Sea itself, the huge delta of the Volga ... Although these cities did not exist then ...

And if you're lucky - passing west coast Caspian, enter the river. Kuma, and through the Kuma deflection, among deserts and dry steppes - to the lake. Manych-Gudilo, and there - Rostov-on-Don and the huge Don delta with eriks and channels, and - into the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov, and then past Azov, Taganrog and Yeysk, past Taman and Kerch - and into the Black Sea.

From the forest ravines of Muscovy to the very end of the world...

Butovo, which received their names from the village of Butovo, the first information about which dates back to the 17th century. Then the village with 3 yards was owned by the clerk Pyotr Samoilov, and then the Moscow nobleman Yuri Fedorovich Mitusov. In the middle of the XVIII century. Butovo was owned by Lieutenant of the Life Guards of the Semyonovsky Regiment Ivan Alexandrovich Protopopov, and then it passed to his widow Praskovya Denisovna Protopopova. “Economic Notes” of the 1770s give a detailed picture of her estate: “The village of Butovo ... is located on dry land. The master's house is wooden, with a dug pond in which there are fish: roach, perch and crucian carp. The earth is gray, rye and oats are better born on it, while wheat and hay meadows are mediocre. The forest is birch and aspen, suitable for building, 6 and 7 sazhens high. There are animals in it: wolves, foxes and hares; birds: black grouse, partridges, starlings and thrushes ... The peasants are on the product (that is, on the quitrent. - Auth.). The land is plowed for the landowner at 8 acres in the field, and they earn a living by arable farming, to which they are diligent. The land, both landowner's and their own, is plowed up. women over field work they spin flax, wool, weave canvases and peasant cloths for their own use.

In 1790, Boris Ivanovich Polyakov, the architect of the Moscow office of the Main Palace Office, became the owner of Butov. Having started his service in 1765 as an architect's apprentice in the "Commission for the composition of St. Petersburg and Moscow for a long-term plan", at the end of his life he managed to accumulate a fairly decent fortune. If, according to the revision of 1795, in the village of Butovo, he had only 18 souls of serfs, then by the 1820s he expanded his estate by purchasing the neighboring villages of Kirvo and the village of Polyany. At that time, there were already 100 souls here, and this despite the fact that in 1812, “when the enemy was in Moscow,” he had “lost property and documents.”

After his death, Butovo was owned by his widow Sofya Fedorovna, and then by his daughter Elizaveta Borisovna, who married Staff Captain Peter Kapitonovich Vyndomsky. In the middle of the XIX century. behind it in Butovo there were 6 courtyards, where 28 men and 38 women lived. Unlike her father, she was not very successful in farming and was forced to gradually sell the land. Initially, she ceded the village of Polyany and the village of Kievo to General N.D. Chertkov. Then followed peasant reform, after which 58 acres went to the peasants, and 78 acres of land remained behind the landowner. But Elizaveta Borisovna was forced to part with this land too: first, part of it went under the construction of the Moscow-Kursk railway, and then the remains were sold to summer residents who created the Elizabethan village here, named so in her memory.

The railway, which came into operation in the autumn of 1866, passed about a kilometer from the village. The nearest stations were first arranged in Tsaritsyn and Podolsk. It was quite troublesome to get to them, and at the request of local landowners, since the summer of 1868, suburban trains began to make a short stop at the 28th verst from Moscow, and already in next year Butovo half-station was arranged with a small wooden station, where station services and a waiting room were located. Soon around the station there was a suburban area Butovo, consisting of three dozen cottages, which formed small villages: Elizavetinsky, Mikhailovsky, Dubki.

Among summer residents there were also celebrities. At the dacha in "Dubki" with his sister-in-law and her husband, Philip Aleksandrovich Dobrov, he spent the summer seasons of 1902-1905. famous writer Leonid Andreev. He reflected his impressions of these places in the story "At the Station". His eldest son Vadim later recalled this time: “In the evenings, during endless tea parties, when dampness and nightly disturbing silence crawled into the room through open windows through lilac bushes, guests gathered at a table laden with glasses and sticky saucers from strawberry jam.”

The laying of the railway led to the appearance in these places industrial enterprises. The first, having bought 18 acres of land from the Butovo peasants, was founded in 1876 by a Moscow merchant of the 2nd guild Alexander Fedorovich Abels. Up to 75 workers worked on it, and up to 2 million bricks were produced per year. In the neighborhood in the Elizabethan village of A.F. Abels arranged his estate. In 1889, the second brick factory was built by a "temporary Moscow merchant" Vasily Alexandrovich Alexandrov. At the same time, his illiterate wife Domna Semyonovna was his formal owner. Their children Timothy and Vera took part in the parents' case. At the beginning of the XX century. after the death of her parents, the latter became the mistress of the plant. In 1913, he passed from her to Varlaam Mikhailovich Sinogeikin. He expanded production, but with the outbreak of the First World War, the demand for bricks fell sharply, and in 1915 a short time the plant went to Dmitry Pamfilovich Efimov and Fedor Ivanovich Ereemev. In the same year, it became the property of the trading house of the brothers I. and G. Babaev.

Grigory Pavlovich Babaev was an enterprising person and in 1916, instead of a brick one, he launched a soap-making and fat-baking production. This became possible due to the receipt of an order for 12 thousand pounds of "marble" soap for the army. The stone building of the plant, roofed with iron, was divided into two sections: in the first, soap was boiled and kolomazi (wheel grease) was prepared, in the second there were molds for pouring soap.

After the revolution, all dachas were nationalized. AT former estate ON THE. Varentsov in 1919 was created Orphanage. 30 hectares of land in the Moskvins' dacha were transferred to the state stud farm named after Commander S.S. Kamenev, and in their house ( , 3) ​​there is a seven-year school. The 1926 census recorded 15 households in the village of Butovo, where 46 men and 44 women lived, and at Butovo station, 25 men and 20 women lived in the house of railway workers.

The soap factory was also nationalized. At the same time, at first G.P. Babaev hoped for a change in the policy of the Bolsheviks and continued to manage the enterprise. Formally, K.M. was listed as the head of the plant. Pogosyan, and the former owner was listed as the head of supply, but nevertheless he actually managed the production. During this difficult time, the plant produced up to 5,000 poods of kolomazi, 300 poods of liquid soap, and 4,000 poods of household and toilet soap. However, Babaev's hopes for the development of the NEP failed, he received Persian citizenship and left Russia. And immediately after that, in 1923, the plant stopped.

Here is how one of the then guidebooks described these places at the turn of the 1920-1930s: “Butovo station. At the 30th kilometer from Moscow ... 1 hour 12 minutes drive. To the left of the station there is a lined road along the edge of a dense dark forest after a kilometer leads to the village of Butovo. Her houses stretched out in one line along the Serpukhov highway. Nearby is a large brick factory... To the right of the station, among a beautiful park with a large pond, there is a new holiday village. There are a lot of crucian carp in the pond... He sells a general store with a bread department. There is also a bread tent near the station. Sale of kerosene ... Outpatient clinic and pharmacy in Butovo. A soap and candle factory is temporarily inactive near the platform.”

The industrialization and collectivization of the 1930s brought about a huge influx of peasants into the cities and, above all, into Moscow. The capital quickly turned out to be overpopulated, and many of the recent provincials ended up in the immediate vicinity of the capital, densely populating summer cottages that had recently been empty in winter. Butovo was no exception. Brick production is gradually being restored, and soon other small enterprises appear here: metal-stamping with 35 workers (it produced buckets, basins, ladles, etc.), mirror-grinding, which employed 59 people, shoe and knitwear. The largest of them was the clothing and haberdashery production (in 1940 it consisted of 206 workers, of which 112 were homeworkers). The rapid growth of the population of Butovo led to the fact that in 1938 it was transferred to the status of a holiday village.

But Butov also had another, secret side of life during these years. In the years Stalinist repressions Thousands of people were shot and buried at the so-called "Butovo training ground" of the NKVD. This became widely known only in the late 1980s. In 1995-1996 at the place of executions according to the project of the architect D.M. Shakhovsky, a small wooden church was built in the name of the Holy New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia. At the temple, the “Butovsky Martyrology” of the victims of Stalinism was compiled with short biographies, numbering more than 20 thousand executed, whose names were documented.

In 1959, the population of Butovo approached 8 thousand inhabitants, and in 1966, when 9 thousand people already lived in it, it was declared a workers' settlement. His main enterprise was the Butovsky brick factory, later transformed into a building materials plant. In addition to the production of bricks, it mastered the production of foam plastic and liquid glass. Another enterprise was Butovsky, created in 1954 on the basis of a group of handicraftsmen. Chemical plant, which produces paint and varnish products, plastic products, polyethylene film.

Znamenskoye-Sadki

In 1985, Butovo with 10 thousand inhabitants became part of Moscow. Along with him, other villages ended up in the capital. The most interesting of them is the village of Znamenskoye-Sadki. The first mention of it in the surviving documents dates back to 1627, when the scribe book noted in Chermnev the village of Sadki, Verkhovo, too, on the Obitsa River, which had been located since 1617 in the estate of Abrosim Ivanovich Ladyzhensky. In the village then there were yards of the landowner, the clerk, the human, as well as three peasant and two bobyl, where seven males lived.

The first known owner of these lands, Abrosim Ivanovich Ladyzhensky, came from an ancient noble family, erecting himself to the legendary "honest man" Oblagina, who allegedly went to Dmitry Donskoy from Sweden in 1375. The name of Abrosim Ivanovich himself is found in documents of the first third of the 17th century. It was first mentioned in 1608 in the description of the wedding of Tsar Vasily Shuisky. Two years later, together with the sovereign, he sits in besieged Moscow, for which he was subsequently granted a fiefdom. In 1613, among other Moscow nobles, he participated in the election of Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov to the kingdom. In the future, he voivodship in Belgorod, where he managed to repel the raid of the Crimean Tatars, is at the court of the sovereign, and is engaged in diplomatic activities. The last time his name occurs is in 1633.

Shortly before this date, in 1631, Sadki as an estate goes to his son Fyodor, and in 1644 they are transformed from an estate into a fiefdom. Unlike his father, Fedor Abrosimovich made a more successful career. In documents, he begins to be mentioned from 1627, first as a patriarch, and then as a royal steward. His service took place mainly at court. Under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, he voivodship in Livny, served as head of the sovereign's regiment during the war with Poland. In 1676 he was promoted to the duma nobles. Information about him is interrupted in 1688.

He expanded his estate in 1636 with the purchase of the neighboring wasteland of Yartsevo. The description of 1646 noted during his time in Sadki already 10 peasant households and the yard of the patrimony with bonded people who lived in it.

A few years before his death, in 1677, Fyodor Ladyzhensky sold the village to his son-in-law, Prince Nikita Semenovich Urusov. Under the new owner, Sadki became a village, in which, according to the data of 1678, there was a manor, six peasant households, where 20 people lived, and one Bobyl household (four people). Nikita Semyonovich expanded his estate by purchasing neighboring lands, and in 1687 he built here the Church of the Sign of the Blessed Virgin, after which the village later became known as Znamenskoye-Sadki.

Nikita Semyonovich Urusov in 1679 rose to the rank of boyar. His first wife died very young, and he remarried Princess Euphemia Grigoryevna Shcherbatova. Five sons were born from this marriage. According to his will, drawn up in last years XVII century, he gave the village of Znamenskoye-Sadki to his wife and children - Fedor, Ivan, Semyon and Alexei. Later, a division was made between them, and the village fell to the lot of Fyodor Nikitich Urusov.

The description of 1704 finds in the village already two estates, nine peasant households and two households of beggars. On the Bolshaya Serpukhov road passing nearby, the peasants set up six inns for travelers. Later, the village of Bitsa appears here.

Fedor Nikitich Urusov had no children, and after his death, the village was owned by his widow, Elena Alexandrovna, from 1722, and in 1731, his nephews, Vasily and Mikhail Semyonovichi Urusovs (on the maternal side, they were the grandchildren of the famous Petrovsky field marshal Boris Petrovich Sheremetev) .

In 1750, Prince Vasily Semyonovich Urusov sold Znamenskoye to Princess Ekaterina Ivanovna Trubetskoy for 7,000 rubles. She was the daughter of Prince Ivan Yurievich Trubetskoy. Under Peter I, he began his career first as a boyar, then as a general-in-chief, and later became a field marshal. He died in 1750 at the age of 82 and went down in history as the last Russian to have the title of boyar; Ivan Yuryevich Trubetskoy outlived this title for half a century.

Under Trubetskoy in 1754-1756. in the estate, instead of the former wooden church, a stone one-domed Znamenskaya church was built in the style of the late Elizabethan baroque. A few years later, the village passes to cousin Princess Ekaterina Ivanovna - Dmitry Yuryevich Trubetskoy, behind whom in Znamenskoye in the 60s of the XVIII century. there were 17 households, where 71 men and 75 women lived. The new owner, having married Princess Varvara Ivanovna Odoevskaya, noticeably rounded off his possessions at the expense of neighboring villages: Gavrikovo, Shibarovo and Yazva, which he inherited as a dowry.

After that, he proceeds to create a magnificent estate in Znamenskoye with a huge landscape park and a cascade of ponds on the Bitsa River. “Economic notes” of the 1770s contain the following description of these places: “The village of Znamenskoye ... on the left bank of the Abitsa River and on the right bank of the nameless screwdriver (gully. - Auth.). Church stone of the Sign of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The master's wooden house with a regular garden and greenhouses. 3 ponds, they contain fish: pike, perch, crucian carp, bream ... The village of Sadki is on the right banks of the same river and the Partsovsky ravine ... That river in the hot summer time is 2 fathoms wide, 2 inches deep, there are no fish in it . Water for use by people and livestock is healthy. The forest grows wood - birch and aspen. Animals are found: wolves, foxes, hares; birds of small genera. The ground is clayey. Bread and mowing will be born by means. Peasants on arable land, wealthy. Women will practice in home needlework. A little later, instead of the old wooden one, a new manor house was erected, the first floor of which was stone, and the second - wooden. In the summer of 1787, Empress Catherine II, who was returning to Moscow from a trip to the south, was met here.

The estate belonged to Trubetskoy until the middle of the 19th century, and all this time it was constantly expanded and equipped. In the middle of this century, wooden two-story outbuildings were erected to the left of the house (the eastern one has survived to this day). Even earlier, a winter garden was arranged, and to the west of the main manor buildings in the 1840s new greenhouses were built.

Znamenskoye first quarter XIX in. closely associated with the names of many prominent figures of Russian culture. The teacher of the children of the next owner of the estate, Ivan Dmitrievich Trubetskoy, was later the famous historian Mikhail Petrovich Pogodin. Here he repeatedly met with the then young poet Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev, who lived in the summer months not far from here in the estate of his father - Troitsky. The poet Prince Pyotr Andreevich Vyazemsky also visited the estate.

Znamenskoye-Sadki is most directly connected with the name of Leo Tolstoy. One of the sisters of Ivan Dmitrievich Trubetskoy, Ekaterina Dmitrievna, was a grandmother famous writer. It was in this estate that the wedding of her daughter, Maria Nikolaevna Volkonskaya, and Lieutenant Colonel Nikolai Ilyich Tolstoy, a relative of the owners of Uzkoye, took place. Future parents L.N. Tolstoy before that they got married on July 9, 1822 in the church of the village of Yasenev, and to celebrate this an important event went to Znamenskoye. All the relatives of Nikolai Ilyich came from Uzkoye to the wedding.

Later, Znamensky was owned by Nikolai Ivanovich Trubetskoy, after which the Orlovs owned the estate. In 1874, the former Moscow vice-governor Ivan Pavlovich Shablykin bought the estate.

In September 1876, he gave it to Mikhail Nikiforovich Katkov, one of the most prominent publicists of his time. He lived in Znamenskoye until the end of his life.

In 1887, the estate went to his son Andrei Mikhailovich Katkov. He was actively engaged in his possession and in 1898 he was even elected marshal of the nobility of the Podolsk district. His wife Maria Vladimirovna (nee Princess Shcherbatova) organized the production of excellent home cloth on the estate. But the life of the spouses later developed unhappily. Shortly after the outbreak of the First World War, both of their sons, non-commissioned officer Andrei and cornet Mikhail, died at the front. Exactly one year later, the parents, wishing to perpetuate their memory, founded a large five-domed church, designed by the architect A.V. Shchusev.

The estate remained behind the Katkovs until nationalization, when in 1918 the estate with all the furnishings was transferred to the workers' cooperative. Some of the items were taken out by the museum department of the People's Commissariat of Education. The Znamenskaya Church, which was closed shortly after the revolution, began to rapidly collapse, and in 1929 its building was dismantled by the Agricultural College, which occupied the estate from 1923 to 1959. Later, it was replaced by the Research Institute for Nature Conservation and Reserve Affairs.

The first information about the village of Chernevo, located on the territory of the modern, dates back to late XVI century, when Ivan Tarakanov owned it. Events of the Time of Troubles early XVII in. led to the fact that the village was deserted and turned into a wasteland. Later, it was revived again and in 1635 was listed for his son Fyodor Ivanovich Tarakanov. The description of this time marked here the yard of the estate, in which "business" people lived, the yard of the clerk, two yards of people and 20 peasant yards, in which 26 male souls were noted.

The census book of 1646 marks the village of Chernevo for the tenants Yakov and Nikita Fedorovich Tarakanov and the deacon Grigory Mikhailovich Volkov. In the village there were 2 yards of estates, 9 yards of people, 24 peasant yards and 5 bobyl yards. In 1683, Yakov and Nikita Tarakanov set up a new manor's yard here, and a church was erected nearby. The Tarakanovs owned Chernev for several generations. In 1704, it was owned by Ivan Nikitich Tarakanov, and in 1725 by his son Alexei, who later rose to the rank of major general.

Judging by the “Economic Notes” of the 1770s, the village belonged to Captain Mikhail Andreevich Tarakanov: “The village of Chernevo is located on a ravine. In the village there is a stone church in the name of the Nativity of Christ. The master's house is wooden on a stone foundation. He has a regular garden with fertile trees, three ponds on a ravine, in which there are fish: crucian carp and tench, which, like fruits, are used for household consumption. The earth is silty, oats are better born on it, and barley, rye, wheat and hay are mediocre. The forest is spruce, birch, aspen - suitable for construction, in a cut of 3-4 inches, 4 sazhens high. There are animals in it: foxes and hares; birds: nightingales, starlings, blackbirds, black grouse and siskins, and quails in the fields ... The peasants are on the product (tire. - Auth.), The landowner's land is plowed for 55 acres in the field. They trade in arable farming. Women, in addition to field work, spin flax, wool and weave canvas and cloth for their own use.

From these revisions of 1811 and 1816. it becomes known that Chernevo during this period was the property of Tatyana Maksimovna Dubrovskaya, and after her, in the 1830s - 1850s, the estate belonged to Lieutenant General Nikolai Dmitrievich Chertkov (1794-1852), the commander of the Tver Dragoon Regiment, who founded in Voronezh Mikhailovsky cadet corps. His brother Alexander Dmitrievich Chertkov (1789-1858) was famous historian, the founder of the famous Chertkovsky Library, transferred after his death to the Historical Museum. Later, the village of Chernevo passed to their younger brother Acting State Councilor Ivan Dmitrievich Chertkov (1797-1865).

All the details of the car route from the village of Bobrovo (Mogilev region, Belarus) on the way to the village of Butovo (Rzhevsky district, Tver region, Russia), indicating all intermediate points, settlements, distances and travel times between them.

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Closest airports to Butovo village

The following airports and airfields are located near Butovo Village, Rzhevsky District, Tverskaya Oblast, Russia:

• Moscow (Central federal district, Russia);
• Cherepovets (urban district of Cherepovets, Vologda Region, Russia);

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Closest airports to Bobrovo

Airports and airfields located near the village of Bobrovo, Mogilev region, Belarus:

• Zimnichki settlement (Kirovskiy district, Kaluga region, Russia);
• Bryansk (urban district of Bryansk, Bryansk region, Russia);
• Minsk, Belarus);
• Kyiv, Ukraine);

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General information

• The distance by plane between the village of Bobrovo and the village of Butovo is: 330.8 kilometers.
• The flight time to the village of Butovo from the village of Bobrovo is 44 minutes (and by train 2 hours, 34 minutes).
• Most cheap airfare from the village of Bobrovo to the village of Butovo, found by our users today (04-03-2019), costs 81 euros.

Cheap flight tickets from Bobrovo to Butovo

In order to get to the village of Butovo (Rzhevsky district, Tver region, Russia) from the village of Bobrovo (, Mogilev region, Belarus) by plane, you can choose the flight that suits you and buy a cheap air ticket.

The site has found the cheapest airfare for Bobrovo - Butovo village for you by comparing the cost of an air ticket to Butovo village using 68 agencies, 17 booking systems, and 728 airlines. Where exactly to buy plane tickets from the village of Bobrovo - the choice is yours.

Where flying out	Where we arrive	Quantity transfers	Number flight	Avia company	Price (Euro)	Click and fly
Kyiv (IEV)	Moscow (MOW)	direct	PS 575	Ukraine International Airlines	81 €	Let's fly!
Kyiv (IEV)	Moscow (MOW)	1 stop	FV 4581	Russia-Russian Airlines	137 €	Let's fly!
Minsk (MSQ)	Moscow (MOW)	direct	UN 6253	Transaero Airlines	145 €	Let's fly!
Minsk (MSQ)	Moscow (MOW)	1 stop	BT413	AirBaltic	186 €	Let's fly!
Zimnichki village (KVX)	Moscow (MOW)	direct	U9 508	Tatarstan Airlines	207 €	Let's fly!
Minsk (MSQ)	Moscow (MOW)	2 stops	LH 1487	Lufthansa Cargo	298 €	Let's fly!
Zimnichki village (KVX)	Moscow (MOW)	1 stop	U9 113	Tatarstan Airlines	448 €	Let's fly!

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