Translation into Cyrillic online. Transliteration - writing Russian words in Latin letters

There is nothing more natural than to start learning English by writing your own name in Latin letters.

Writing Russian names on English language often causes difficulties - in many respects, because there are no uniform rules in this regard. However, the set general principles can still be determined.

About special rules transliteration used in this moment when applying for passports, read further in our article.

General rules for transliteration of names

The first thing to remember is names and surnames are not translated especially when it comes to documents and business correspondence. You should not pick up English-language counterparts and call Elena - Helen, and Michael - Michael. Instead, the name should be transliterated, that is, written in Latin. In doing so, you can use next system matches:

A	A	Andrey (Andrey)	O	O	Olga (Olga)
B	B	Boris (Boris)	P	P	Pavel (Pavel)
AT	V	Valery (Valery)	R	R	Roman (Roman)
G	G	Gleb (Gleb)	With	S	Sergey (Sergey)
D	D	Dmitry (Dmitry)	T	T	Tatyana (Tatiana)
E	Ye/E	Yelena, Elena (Elena)	At	U	Ulyana (Ulyana)
Yo	Yo/E	Pyotr, Petr (Peter)	F	F	Filipp (Philip)
F	Zh	Zhanna (Jeanne)	X	Kh	Khariton (Khariton)
W	Z	Zinaida (Zinaida)	C	Ts	Tsarev (Tsarev)
And	I	Irina (Irina)	H	Ch	Chaykin (Chaykin)
Y	Y	Timofe y(Timof th)	W	Sh	Sharov (Balls)
K	K	Konstantin (Konstantin)	SCH	Shch	Shchepkin (Schepkin)
L	L	Larisa (Larisa)	S	Y	M y skin (M s skin)
M	M	Margarita (Margarita)	E	E	Eldar (Eldar)
H	N	Nicholas (Nicholas)	YU	Yu	Yury (Yuri)
I	Ya	Yaroslav (Yaroslav)

Special rules for transliteration of names

In addition to the more obvious rules of transliteration, there are cases where it is not entirely clear how one or another name should be written. Let's look at these options.

Letter b and Kommersant are not transmitted in transliteration. Using an apostrophe (") in their place is also not recommended:

Daria
Igor
Olga

Letters S and Y transmitted by letter Y:

Bystrov
Sadyrova
Mayorov

If the last name ends with "-th", in transliteration remains "-y":

White

Since the letter H in English sometimes it is not readable, for the transmission of Russian sound "X" combination is used KH:

Akhmatova
Rachmaninov - Rakhmaninov

Russian combination KS it's better to spell it out KS, but not X:

Ksenia - Ksenia
Aleksandr

If letter E denotes one sound (as in the name Vera), it is transmitted by the Latin letter E Vera. If it denotes two sounds (after a soft sign), it is transmitted by a combination YE— Astafyev.

But: If a E stands at the beginning of the name, both options are possible: the name Elena can be written as Elena or Yelena.

Letter Yo usually written in the same way as E, but if you want to emphasize the pronunciation of the name, then you should use the letter combination YO— Fyodor, Piotr.

Letter W can be written in the form SCH, but in German this combination will be read as "sh". In order to avoid confusion, it is recommended to use an unpronounceable, at first glance, combination of letters SHCH.

The ending "-and I" can be transliterated as -IA or -IYA. However, to avoid unnecessary bulkiness, Y usually do not write:

Maria
Valeria - Valerie

Important note: transliteration when issuing passports

The rules for transliteration when applying for foreign passports often change. AT this moment, - as of 2015, - the following transliteration rules apply (we give differences from the main table):

Previously, when issuing foreign passports, the rules of GOST R 52535.1-2006, introduced in 2010, were used.

If you want to keep your passport when you receive a new passport former spelling your name and surname, you can write a corresponding application to the issuing authority, duly substantiating your desire. The basis for such a statement is the presence of documents with a different spelling of your first and last name: passports, diplomas, residence permits, visas, as well as other registration and banking documents, including bank cards.

Transliteration – transmission of alphabetic characters of one language using letters and a combination of alphabetic characters of another language according to predetermined rules. The most relevant is the need for transliteration - the spelling of Russian words and Russian names with Latin letters. Transliteration in Latin letters is used everywhere. For example, using transliteration, Russian names are filled in in passports. On the Internet, transliteration is widely used in addresses Email, site domain names.

The widespread use of transliteration is due to the English origin of the Internet, which is based on the use of Latin characters. International standards for names of Internet resources and e-mail addresses use national names that sound in local languages, but are written in Latin characters. Names are also written in Latin characters. settlements on maps and guides.Those who traveled abroad paid attention to the fact that there were no Russian characters on the keyboards of local computers. Typing Russian text is technically not possible. Despite the opening of the “.РФ” zone domain in Russia, Internet browsers often do not understand the Cyrillic fonts of domain names. When opening the resources of the RF zone, the link to the resource may be perceived by the browser as non-working. The content of the resource in the RF zone can also be perceived by the browser as "gibberish" instead of Cyrillic.

When filling out a passport application, creating your own e-mail address, composing a domain name, it is important to know how to convey your name, or write the word of the domain name that sounds in Russian using Latin characters. You can write the name Pupkin in Latin characters "pupkin". This example simple. But how to write, for example, the name of the city "Yaroslavl"? The letter I can be represented in Latin as "ya", or "ia" can also be used. The name Evdokim is transmitted in Latin as Yevdokim.

Name transliteration is produced using exact letter-by-letter transliteration, as well as with the help of practical transcription - an approximate semantic reproduction of the text.

Most of the letters of the Russian language can be represented by the corresponding sounding Latin letter. The difficulty is the translation of Russian words in Latin, containing a solid sign Ъ, soft sign b, the letter E, as well as diphthongs - combinations of the Russian vowel and the letter Y. For example:

E - E, YE, F - ZH, E - E, YE, C - TS (TC), X - KH, W - SHCH, H - CH, W - SH, S - Y, Yu - YU.

b - not transmitted. b - not transmitted.

Translating Russian words in Latin is much easier if you use the rules of transliteration. The transliteration rules are determined by the order of the FEDERAL MIGRATION SERVICE (FMS of the Russian Federation) dated February 03, 2010 N 26. GOST introduces the rules for transliterating the Cyrillic alphabet of the Russian language using the English alphabet. In the order, for transliteration into the international passport, GOST R 52535.1-2006 was put into effect. Part 1. MACHINE READABLE PASSPORTS. Transliteration is used to compose Russian name in Latin letters in the passport. Transliteration requirements for this GOST are given below.

Cyrillic transliteration

Russian A - English. A; Russian B - English. B;

Russian B - English. V; Russian G - English. G;

Russian D - English. D; Russian Ye Yo - English. E;

Russian J - English. ZH; Russian Z - English. Z;

Russian I - English. I; Russian Y - English. I;

Russian K - English. K; Russian L - English. L;

Russian M - English. M; Russian N - English. N;

Russian Oh - English. O; Russian P - English. P;

Russian R - English. R; Russian S - English. S;

Russian T - English. T; Russian U - English. U, OU;

Russian F - English. F; Russian X - English. KH;

Russian C - English. TC; Russian Ch - English. CH;

Russian Sh - English. SH; Russian Sh - English. SHCH;

Russian Y - English. Y; Russian E - English. E ;

Russian Yu - English. IU; Russian I am English IA

Until 2004, official transliteration rules names were ordered to transmit Russian letters by french version Latin sounds. Since 2004, transliteration has been performed according to the English sound of Latin characters. The difference in transliteration can be seen by comparing the spelling of Russian names in passports issued before 2004 and after.

Our website often receives questions about how to correctly translate a surname for a passport. The concept of "correct" means that your name must be spelled in accordance with the official current standard adopted in the Russian Federation, and not in an arbitrary form.

The correct way is to check the letters of your last name with the official transliteration rules approved in the order of the FMS. Translate each letter, make a surname.

For example, Russian name Julia in transliteration according to GOST FMS of the Russian Federation of February 03, 2010 N 26, will be translated as "Iuliia".

This Order of the FMS approved the use in the Russian Federation of the transliteration rules provided for by the international standard ICAO_(Doc_9303,_part_1).

Transliteration for airline tickets

Transliteration for air tickets on domestic flights is not relevant, however, filling out receipts in English is prohibited due to a violation of the rights of citizens who do not speak English.

Filling out receipts when purchasing air tickets for international flights must strictly correspond to the spelling of your name and surname in the passport. Therefore, when purchasing tickets via the Internet, write off the name and surname exactly as it is written in the passport. And it is better not to make a mistake, in order to avoid problems during the trip.

The site has a transliteration table taken from the order of the FMS. You can use this table, you can find the order and check directly on it. The order number and a direct link to it are published in the article.

You should use the services of automatic online transliteration on the Internet carefully, since the rules by which automatic transliteration is carried out are not known in advance, or the service will offer you to choose the rules yourself from the list of possible options.

Full text of the order of the FMS of February 03, 2010 N 26 https://www.alppp.ru/law/bezopasnost-i-ohrana-pravoporjadka/4/prikaz-fms-rf-ot-03-02-2010—26.html

Download the text of the ICAO standard_(Doc_9303,_part_1) https://icao.int/publications/Documents/9303_p1_v1_cons_ru.pdf

FMS website with transliteration tablehttps://www.fmsvrn.ru/gosuslugi/foreign/new/transliteration_of_cyrillic_for_russian_alphabet.php

It will help to perform the correct transliteration from Russian into English of the necessary data: names, titles, URLs of website pages. Online transliteration (online transliteration) is a convenient and easy-to-use program that will facilitate your work and help you correctly present necessary information in Latin.

Advantages of our online translator:

Considered rules of various systems;
Ready URL for insertion into the site;
Online translation in real time.

Use proven resources and do not waste time on long transliteration!

Translit online

Below you can find out what transliteration is, as well as get acquainted with the main transliteration systems.

What is transliteration?

Transliteration is the most correct and relatively easy way transfer of text written in one alphabetic system through another, for example, Russian words in Latin letters. This method was developed by Schleicher and still remains in demand. This is logical, because it is thanks to this method that it becomes possible to correctly and correctly draw up driver's license, passport, diplomas and other documents.

In other words, this is the transfer of Russian words in Latin (in English), that is, the representation of Russian words using the English alphabet. For example, "goodbye" will not sound "bye", but "dosvidaniya".

Where is it applied?

Initially, transliteration from English into Russian was studied and used mainly by translators, but today the scope of its use has expanded significantly. Transliteration has become very popular on the Internet.

When translating, professional translators use the transliteration method if:

It is necessary to write the full name in the documents, addresses (streets), as well as other Russian letters in Latin. For example, Kovalenko - Kovalenko; Lebedinaya street - ylitsa Lebedinaya;
It's about about the realities of the area or country, which are not designated in the target language, or there is a need to emphasize the flavor of the language. So, we can cite as an example the well-known borscht, which translates as "borsch", grandmother - "babushka".

If we talk about Internet technologies, then transliteration into English serves to:

Come up with a name for the site. Despite the English letters, many site names are easy to read in Russian.

Use in correspondence or Internet communication. Here often letters are replaced by numbers or other symbols. H is often written as 4. Hat - Shapo4ka. It is also a favorite method of communication for gamers, who often use transliteration into English.

The most popular transliteration systems

Exist various systems transliterations. They may have some differences from each other. We propose to consider several of the most relevant methods of transliteration.

Transliteration according to GOST. This is an approved document that defines how to transliterate Cyrillic languages using the Latin alphabet. GOST 7.79-2000 - adapted to the international standard ISO9, adopted in Russia.

Transliteration for documents according to ICAO requirements. ICAO stands for international organization civil aviation. This organization has developed own system transliteration of surnames and names. This system often included in online transliteration from Russian into English.

TYP transliteration(Traveller's Yellow Pages Transliteration). Despite the wide variety of transliteration systems, this system is quite popular and most used. It has its own distinctive transliteration rules from Russian to English, which can be seen in the table below.

Transliteration by order of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs N 4271 used for issuing passports.

Transliteration by order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs N 995 is used to issue driver's licenses and currently (2018) coincides with the transliteration for international passports.

Transliteration for Yandex. Often, as the name of the site page, use the name of the article itself in English letters. To attain good results in search engines, you need to use the Yandex algorithm.

When transliterating, some letters of Russian (or any other Slavic language), such as the u, c, s, h, d, f, u, in English cause the most difficulty. Let's look at how they are transliterated according to the systems analyzed above using the transliteration summary table.

The final table of transliteration from Russian into English

Below is a summary table for transliteration from Russian to English, which shows the systems discussed above.

Russian letters	TYP system	ICAO system	GOST 7.79-2000	Orders of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs N 4271 / Ministry of Internal Affairs N 995
































					You may be interested in studying the topic of letters and sounds of the English language in more detail. With the help of the Lim English online tutorial, you can take a specialized course in this topic. and get on with the fun!

In every language there is such a category of words as proper names: names, surnames, all kinds of names. Any of us at least once necessarily faced with the need not to translate, namely write Russian word in English. For example, when we are dealing with names, surnames, names of cities, streets, various establishments (such as cafes, restaurants, hotels), we need to convey the sound of the word, make it readable in English. The names of cultural and religious events, the names of holidays, national elements that are not in the English-speaking culture also require transmission in English, because we communicate about these things with foreigners, talk about our country and culture.

For this purpose, there are rules transliteration - a method of writing words of one language by means of another. Each letter of the Russian alphabet (Cyrillic) has a corresponding English (Latin) letter or a combination of letters.

There are many systems and standards for transliteration. But first, let's talk about transliteration standards. Now, when almost everyone has a passport, when we travel abroad and fill out documents and forms in English, you just need to know the rules of transliteration that are accepted in the world.

Below are the transliteration options for letters and combinations of the Russian alphabet:

Russian letters	English letters and combinations

soft sign and solid mark are not transmitted by letter. Some letters are transmitted in combinations of two letters, and the letter Щ is a combination of four: shch.

For example:

Surname Shcherbakov will be written Shcherbakov.

Vowels E and Yo transliterated as YE if they are at the beginning of a word or after a vowel:

Yezhov - Yezhov
Hedgehogs - Yezhikov
Sergeyev - Sergeyev

In Russian, letter combinations are often found Y with vowels, and each of the combinations has a correspondence:

Russian combinations	English combinations

Many countries have transliteration rules for passports. In Russia, for example, the following rules apply for international passports:

A-A, B-B, C-V, G-G, D-D, E-E, E-E, F-ZH, Z-Z, I-I, Y-I, K-K, L- L, M-M, H-N, O-O, P-P, R-R, S-S, T-T, U-U, F-F, X-KH, C-TC, H-CH, W-SH, W-SHCH, S-Y, E-E, Yu-IU, I-IA.

Transliteration of names and surnames for international passports occurs according to this standard using a special program into which your data is entered in Russian. If you have a passport, you must use the spelling of your first and last name that is presented in the document.

Transliteration is used not only in the preparation of documents. We have already mentioned the groups of words for the transmission of which we use transliteration. For example, in English texts easily meet the words borshch, pelmeni, matryoshka, Perestroyka and many others that have no equivalent in English.

Perhaps you remember the times when mobile phones did not support the Russian language, and we exchanged SMS in English. At the same time, everyone intuitively invented their own rules of transliteration. Reading these messages was not easy, but very funny. For example, to send a letter F used the letters G, J, Z, ZH. with a letter S it was generally difficult: it was written as I, U, Y, JI. Those times are long gone, but the need to master the transliteration system has not disappeared, but, on the contrary, has increased. Use the acquired knowledge and communicate in English fluently. I wish you success!

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Whatever you think - everything is serious here. The US State Department has developed a whole philosophy of the theory of translating letters Cyrillic alphabet into Latin. Here is their achievement:

A - A	I - I	C - S	b - goes down
B - B	Y - Y	T - T	Y - Y
B - V	K - K	U - U	b - goes down
G - G	L - L	F - F	E - E
D - D	M - M	X - KH	Yu - YU
E - E, YE	H - N	C - TS	I am YA
Yo - E, YE	O - O	H - CH
Zh - ZH	P - P	SH - SH
Z - Z	R - R	Щ - SHCH

Comments are given to this table that delight our ears ( well, not only do we understand the intricacies of reading in English, even if they suffer with our language). For example:

1. Letters E and Yo are transmitted in the same way obviously Yo is a ghost letter): E , YE .
Parfenov - Parfenov
Elena

2. However, if you need to emphasize the pronunciation [yo] in a letter Yo, then it is denoted as YO :
Peter - Pyotr (Shaitan, how can the US Department know when to underline [yo] and when not?)

3. Letter E transmitted as YE only if it is at the beginning of a word, after a vowel or the letters b, b. In other cases - E .
Medvedev - Medvedev
Yeremin - Yeremin

4. Letters E and E are transmitted in the same way (except for the cases with E described in paragraph 3) - i.e. E.
Elina - Elina

5. Mysterious letters S and Y referred to as Y .
Khasymov - Khasymov
Raykin - Wikiwand Raykin

6. Endings YY and ii also denoted as one letter - Y .
Dmitry
Bravy - Bravy

7.b and Kommersant are not subject to the understanding of foreigners, and therefore - are not designated in any way.
Mary - Marya
Lifting - Podyomny

8.YU and I are designated accordingly YU and YA .
Julia

9. Favorite Russian letters F and X in English also have something in common and are denoted accordingly ZH and KH .
Zhirnov - Zhirnov
Mikhail

10.C turns into TS, a H- in CH .
Tsareva - Tsaryova
Black - Chernyh

11. The rest of the hissing hisses are even more exotic: W - SH, a SCH- long-suffering SHCH .
Shalyapin - Wikiwand Shalyapin
Shields - Shchitov

But in general, apart from this American system There are several other translation options. Our GOST, for example, with some different nuances.

S is like a dollar in English

With the written designation of their full names in English, it is now more or less clear ( you can practice with your friends). But what foreigners have to do with oral communication can be understood from the invented international phonetic alphabet.

Imagine you call your boyfriend on the phone and say cryptic: D asha, At liana, R ita, BUT nna, To atya. And hang up. And let him guess. If he decides that this is a list of girlfriends that you learned about, it means that the truth is the same. (For those who ride in neutral, a hint: look at the bolds.)

It is customary for us, when transmitting an important message, to convey each letter as woman's name which begins with it. For example, A - Anna, M - Maria. English speakers are more mundane:

A - Alpha
B - Bravo
C - Charlie
D - Delta
E-Echo
F-Foxtrot
G - Golf
H - Hotel
I-India
J—Juliet
K - Kilo
L-Lima
M-Mike

N-November
O-Oscar
P-Papa
Q - Quebec
R - Romeo
S-Sierra
T-Tango
U-Uniform
V - Victor
W - Whiskey
X - X-ray
Y-Yankee
Z-Zulu

This system is used in the army, telecommunications, aviation and other areas where it is necessary to verbally transmit texts with high accuracy, in which each letter can cost literally another person's life. And try to tell representatives of similar professions that the English alphabet is not so important - it's better to learn idioms.

Now you have the opportunity to dictate your email address without "s like a dollar", "i with a dot" and "h like a high chair" :)

Correspondence of Russian names - English

There was only a little left: to introduce himself to a foreigner so that he would not be painfully ashamed of his name. You run the risk of being misunderstood (and from this series, only irregular verbs are good in English). Because Nastya, for example, in their understanding will be associated with "disgusting" (nasty - disgusting), and Svetlana - with "sweaty Lana" (sweat - sweat). And English-speaking comrades will not be able to pronounce some names at all: for example, those that end in a soft sign, because consonants are not softened in English. Therefore, Judith, Igor and other names will still end phonetically hard. But most of all, Sergei and Ivan were the luckiest: the first, however, are already well with us (that's why many introduce themselves as Serezha or Serzh), but Vanya only in the USA become iVans (almost relatives to iPhones).

How to make life easier for foreigners and not lose face at the same time? Here is a small selection of adapted Russian names:

Alexander - Eligzande (Alexander)
Anatoly - Anatole (Anatole)
Andrew - Andrew (Andrew)
Basil - Basil (Basil)
Benjamin - Benjamin (Benjamin)
Vincent - Vincent
Gabriel - Gabriel (Gabriel)
George - George (George)
Daniel - Daniel (Daniel)
Eugene - Eugene (Eugene)
Ephraim - Geoffrey
Ivan - John, Ivan (John)
Ilya - Elias
Joseph, Osip - Joseph (Joseph)
Heraclius - Hercules (Heracl)
Karl - Charles (Charles)
Claudius - Claude (Claude)
Leo - Leo (Leo)
Matvey - Matthew (Matthew)
Michael - Michael (Michael)
Nicholas - Nicholas (Nicholas)
Pavel - Paul (Paul)
Peter - Pete (Peter)
Sergey - Serge (Serge)
Stepan - Stephen, Stephen (Steven, Stephen)
Fedor - Theodore (Theodore)
Jacob - Jacob (Jacob)

Agnes / Agnes - Agnes (Agnes)
Alice - Alice (Alice)
Anastasia - Enesteysha (Anastacia)
Antonina - Antonia (Antonia)
Valentine - Valentine (Valentine)
Valeria - Valery (Valery)
Barbara - Barbara
Dasha - Dolly Dolly (Dorothy)
Eve - Eve (Eve)
Eugenia - Eugenia (Eugenie)
Catherine - Catherine, Catherine (Catherine)
Elena - Helen (Helen)
Jeanne - Joan (Joanne, Jean)
Zoya - Zoe (Zoe)
Irina - Irene (Irene)
Carolina - Caroline (Caroline)
Laura - Laura, Lauren (Laura, Lauren)
Maria - Mary (Mary)
Natalia - Natalie (Natalie)
Polina - Polina (Paulina)
Rita - Margaret (Margaret)
Sofia - Sophie (Sophie)
Susanna - Susan (Susan)
Julia - Julia (Julia)

Did you find yourself? It's time to pick up an adapted name for yourself, wind up the nuances with Щ, Ё, Ы and other letters for issuing a passport - and go on a trip with a full name in English or to the registry office;)

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