famous poems. Pushkin's poems: a list of the most famous works

In Pushkin's work, poems occupy the largest place along with lyrics. Pushkin wrote twelve poems (one of them - "Tazit" - remained unfinished), and more than twelve survived in sketches, plans, opening lines.

At the lyceum, Pushkin began, but did not finish, a very weak, still quite childish playful poem "The Monk" (1813) and a playful fairy-tale poem "Bova" (1814). In the first, a Christian church legend is parodied in the spirit of Voltairian free-thinking, in the second, a popular folk tale.

In these works young Pushkin not yet an independent poet, but only an unusually talented student of his predecessors, Russian and French poets (Voltaire, Karamzin, Radishchev). The history of Pushkin's poem does not begin with these youthful experiences; Yes, they were not published during the life of the author.

In 1817, Pushkin began his largest poem - "Ruslan and Lyudmila" - and wrote it for three whole years.

These were the years of the upsurge of revolutionary sentiment among the youth of the nobility, when secret circles and societies were created that prepared the December uprising of 1825.

Pushkin, not being a member secret society, was one of the biggest figures in this movement. He was the only one in these years (before exile to the south) who wrote revolutionary poems, which immediately dispersed in handwritten copies throughout the country.

But also in the legal printed literature Pushkin had to fight against reactionary ideas. In 1817, Zhukovsky published the fantastic poem "Vadim" - the second part of the long poem "The Twelve Sleeping Virgins" (the first part of it - "Thunderbolt" - was published as early as 1811). Standing on conservative positions, Zhukovsky wanted with this work to lead young people away from political action into the realm of romantic, religiously colored dreams. His hero (to whom the poet did not accidentally give the name Vadim - legendary hero Novgorod uprisings against Prince Rurik) - an ideal young man striving for exploits and at the same time feeling in his soul a mysterious call to something unknown, otherworldly. He eventually overcomes all earthly temptations and, steadily following this call, finds happiness in mystical union with one of the twelve virgins whom he awakens from their wonderful sleep. The action of the poem takes place now in Kyiv, now in Novgorod. Vadim defeats the giant and saves the Kievan princess, whom her father destines for his wife. This reactionary poem is written with great poetic force, beautiful poems, and Pushkin had every reason to fear its strong influence on the development of young Russian literature. In addition, "Vadim" was at that time the only major work created by a representative of the new literary school, which had just finally won the fight against classicism.

Pushkin answered "Vadim" with "Ruslan and Lyudmila", also a fabulous poem from the same era, with a number of similar episodes. But all its ideological content is sharply polemical in relation to the ideas of Zhukovsky. Instead of mysterious-mystical feelings and almost ethereal images, Pushkin has everything earthly, material; the whole poem is filled with playful, mischievous erotica (description of Ruslan's wedding night, Ratmir's adventures with twelve maidens, Chernomor's attempts to take possession of the sleeping Lyudmila, etc., as well as in a number of author's digressions).

The polemical meaning of the poem is fully revealed at the beginning of the fourth song, where the poet directly points to the object of this controversy - Zhukovsky's poem "The Twelve Sleeping Virgins" - and mockingly parodies it, turning its heroines, mystically minded pure virgins, "nuns of the saints", into frivolous inhabitants of the roadside "hotels" that lure travelers to them.

Witty, brilliant, sparkling with fun, Pushkin's poem immediately dispelled the mystical fog that surrounded folk fairy-tale motifs and images in Zhukovsky's poem. After "Ruslan and Lyudmila" it became impossible to use them to embody reactionary religious ideas.

The good-natured Zhukovsky himself admitted his defeat in this literary struggle, presenting Pushkin with his portrait with the inscription: "To the victorious student from the defeated teacher, on that highly solemn day when he finished his poem" Ruslan and Lyudmila ".

This poem put Pushkin in first place among Russian poets. They began to write about him in Western European magazines.

However, being a major phenomenon in Russian literature and public life, Pushkin's playful fairy-tale poem did not yet put Russian literature on a par with the literature of the West, where Goethe acted in Germany in those years, Byron and Shelley in England, Chateaubriand and Benjamin Constant in France, each in his own way decided in his work critical issues modernity.

Since 1820, Pushkin has been included in this series, creating one after another his romantic poems, serious and deep in content, modern in terms of subject matter and highly poetic in form. With these poems ("The Prisoner of the Caucasus", "The Robber Brothers", "The Fountain of Bakhchisaray"), a new direction enters Russian literature: advanced, revolutionary romanticism - a poetic expression of the feelings and views of the most advanced social stratum, the revolutionary-minded noble youth, the most active part of which were the Decembrists. Sharp dissatisfaction with everything around, with the whole social order, in which life seems like a prison, and a person is a prisoner; ardent desire for freedom; freedom as an object of an almost religious cult (1) is one side of the attitude of the revolutionary romantics of the 1920s. At the same time their social loneliness, the lack of a living connection with the people, whose sufferings they deeply sympathized with, but whose life they knew little and understood little - all this gave a tragic and extremely subjective, individualistic character to their worldview. Feelings and tragic experiences of a lonely, proud person standing high above the crowd became the main content of Pushkin's romantic work. The protest against any oppression that weighs on a person in a "civilized" society - political, social, moral, religious oppression - forced him, like all revolutionary romantics of that time, to sympathetically depict his hero as a criminal. a violator of all accepted in society norms - religious. legal, moral. The favorite image of the romantics is "a criminal and a hero", who "was worthy of both the horror of people and glory." Finally, characteristic of the romantics was the desire to divert poetry from the reproduction of everyday reality they hated into the world of the unusual, exotic, geographical or historical. There they found the images of nature they needed - mighty and rebellious ("deserts, the waves of the region are pearly, and the noise of the sea, and piles of rocks"), and images of people, proud, courageous, free, not yet affected by European civilization.

A major role in the poetic embodiment of these feelings and experiences was played by Byron's work, which in many respects was close to the worldview of Russian progressive romantics. Pushkin, and after him other poets used, first of all, the successfully found English poet the form of the "Byronic poem", in which the purely lyrical experiences of the poet are clothed in a narrative form with a fictional hero and events far from real events life of the poet, but perfectly expressing it inner life, his soul. "... He comprehended, created and described a single character (namely his own)," Pushkin wrote in a note on Byron's dramas. .". So Pushkin, in his romantic poems, tried to "create himself a second time", either as a prisoner in the Caucasus, or as Aleko, who had fled the "bondage of stuffy cities". Pushkin himself more than once pointed out the lyrical, almost autobiographical nature of his romantic heroes.

The external features of Pushkin's southern poems are also associated with the Byronian tradition: a simple, undeveloped plot, a small number of characters (two, three), fragmentary and sometimes deliberately vague presentation.

The everlasting property of Pushkin's poetic talent is the ability to vigilantly observe reality and aspiration exact words talk about her. In the poems, this was reflected in the fact that, while creating romantic images of nature and people, Pushkin did not invent them, did not write (as, for example, Byron about Russia or, later, Ryleev about Siberia) about what he himself did not see, but always based on living personal impressions - the Caucasus, the Crimea, the Bessarabian steppes.

Pushkin's poems created and for a long time predetermined the type of romantic poem in Russian literature. They caused numerous imitations of minor poets, and also strong influence on the work of such poets as Ryleev, Kozlov, Baratynsky and, finally, Lermontov.

In addition to The Prisoner of the Caucasus, The Robber Brothers, and The Fountain of Bakhchisarai, written before 1824 and soon published, Pushkin also conceived other romantic poems. “I still have poems wandering around in my head,” he wrote to Delvig in March 1821. In his manuscripts, there were sketches of several poems, where Pushkin thought to develop the same “heroic” or "criminal" romantic image and show it inevitably tragic fate. An excerpt from one of these poems, where the ataman of the Volga robbers was to become the hero, Pushkin published under the title "The Brothers-Robbers". The beginning of the great romantic poem "Vadim" has also been preserved.

In the same years, perhaps under the influence of the enormous success of "Ruslan and Lyudmila", Pushkin also considered poems of a completely different type - magical and fabulous, with an adventurous plot and historical or mythological characters: about Bova the King, about the son of Vladimir, St. Mstislav and his fight against the Circassians, about Actaeon and Diana. But these plans, which distracted the poet from his main task - the development and deepening of romantic themes - were never realized by him.

However, in the spring of 1821, Pushkin wrote a short poem "Gavriiliada", a witty, brilliant anti-religious satire - a response to the intensified political reaction, colored in these years by mysticism and religious hypocrisy.

In 1823, Pushkin experienced a severe crisis in his romantic worldview. Disappointed in the hope of the imminent realization of the victory of the revolution, first in the West, and then in Russia - and in this victory Pushkin, full of "careless faith", was completely convinced - he soon became disillusioned with all his romantic ideals - freedom, the sublime hero , high-end poetry, romantic eternal love. At that time he wrote a number of gloomy, bitter poems, pouring out his "biliousness" and "cynicism" (in his words) into them - "The Sower", "Demon", "A Bookseller's Conversation with a Poet" (and a little later - "A Scene from Faust") and others that remained unfinished in the manuscript. In these verses, he bitterly ridicules all the main points of his romantic worldview.

Among such works is the poem "Gypsies", written in 1824. Its content is a critical exposure of the romantic ideal of freedom and the romantic hero. romantic hero Aleko, who finds himself in the environment of complete freedom he desires, the opportunity to freely do whatever he wants, discovers his true essence: he turns out to be an egoist and a rapist. In "Gypsies" the very romantic ideal of unlimited freedom is debunked. Pushkin convincingly shows that complete freedom of action, the absence of restrictions and obligations in public life would be feasible only for people who are primitive, idle, lazy, "timid and kind-hearted", and in personal life, in love it turns out to be a purely animal passion, not connected with any moral experiences. The inability to go beyond a purely romantic, subjective view of life inevitably leads the poet to a deeply gloomy conclusion that happiness on earth is impossible "and there is no protection from fate." "Gypsies" - a poem of a turning point, a transitional period - is, ideologically and artistically, a huge step forward compared to previous poems. Despite quite romantic character and her style, and the exotic setting, and the characters, Pushkin here for the first time uses the method of purely realistic verification of the fidelity of his romantic ideals. He does not suggest speeches and actions to his characters, but simply places them in a given setting and traces how they perform in the circumstances they encounter. In fact, Aleko, a typical romantic hero, well known to us from the poems and lyrics of Pushkin in the early 1920s, could not have acted differently in the position in which he found himself. The double murder committed by him out of jealousy is fully consistent with his character and worldview, revealed both in the poem itself and in other romantic works of that era. On the other hand, Zemfira, as shown by Pushkin, could not do otherwise, could not remain faithful to Aleko forever - after all, she is a gypsy, the daughter of Mariula, and her story only repeats - with the exception of tragic ending- her mother's story.

This "objective" position of the author of "Gypsies" in relation to the actions and feelings of his heroes was also reflected in the form itself: most of the episodes of the poem are given in the form of dialogues, in a dramatic form, where the author's voice is absent, and the characters themselves speak and act.

"Gypsies" - a work in which the crisis of the worldview of Pushkin the romantic was most profoundly reflected; at the same time, according to the method of developing the theme, it opened up new paths in Pushkin's work - the path to realism.

In the summer of 1824, Pushkin was expelled from Odessa to Mikhailovskoye, without the right to leave. Constant and close contact with the peasants, with the people, apparently more than anything else, contributed to overcoming the severe crisis in the poet's worldview. He became convinced of the unfairness of his bitter reproaches to the people for their unwillingness to fight for their freedom (2), he realized that "freedom" is not some kind of abstract moral and philosophical concept, but a concrete historical one, always associated with public life, and for such freedom - political, economic - the people have always fought tirelessly (constant peasant revolts against the landowners, not to mention the uprisings of Pugachev, Razin or the era of the "Time of Troubles"). He had to see that all his disappointments in his former romantic ideals were the result of insufficient knowledge of reality itself, its objective laws, and little poetic interest in reality itself. In 1825, a sharp turn took place in Pushkin's work. Having finally broken with romanticism, Pushkin emerges from his crisis. His poetry acquires a clear and generally bright, optimistic character. The former task of his poetry - the expression of his own feelings and suffering, a poetic response to the imperfections of life, contrary to the subjective, albeit noble requirements of the romantic, the embodiment of romantic ideals in images of the unusual - exotic, idealized nature and extraordinary heroes - is replaced by a new one. Pushkin consciously makes his poetry a means of cognition of the ordinary reality that he previously rejected, strives by an act poetic creativity to penetrate into it, to understand its typical phenomena, objective patterns. Effort to explain correctly human psychology inevitably leads him to the study and artistic embodiment of social life, to the image in various plot forms social conflicts which are reflected in human psychology.

The same desire to know reality, modernity pushes him to study the past, to reproduce important points stories.

In connection with these new creative tasks the nature of the depicted objects in Pushkin changes, and the very style of the image: instead of exotic, unusual - everyday life, nature, people; instead of a poetically sublime, abstract, metaphorical style - a simple, close to colloquial, but nevertheless highly poetic style.

Pushkin creates a new trend in literature - realism, which later (from the 40s) became the leading trend in Russian literature.

The main, predominant embodiment of this new, realistic trend, these new tasks of a true knowledge of reality and its laws, Pushkin gives at this time not so much in poems as in other genres: in drama ("Boris Godunov", "little tragedies"), in prose stories ("Tales of Belkin", " Captain's daughter", etc.), in a poetic novel -" Eugene Onegin ". In these genres, it was easier for Pushkin to implement new principles and develop new methods of realistic creativity.

A kind of manifesto of this new trend in Russian literature was the historical folk tragedy "Boris Godunov" (1825) and the central chapters of "Eugene Onegin" (3) (1825-1826).

At the same time (in December 1825) Pushkin also wrote the first realistic poem - the playful, cloudless and cheerful "Count Nulin". In it, on a simple, almost anecdotal plot, a lot of beautiful paintings, landscapes, conversations of the most ordinary, "prosaic", everyday content, turned into genuine poetry, are strung. Almost all those images are found here, with which Pushkin, in a half-serious, half-joking stanza from Onegin's Journey, characterizes his new realistic style, as opposed to the romantic "heaps of rocks", "the sound of the sea", "deserts", the image " proud maiden"(4): here is a slope, and a fence, and gray clouds in the sky, and a rainy season, and a backyard, and ducks, and even a" mistress "(albeit a bad one) as the heroine of the poem ...

rout December uprising 1825 and the political and social reaction that followed, a temporary halt in the development of the Russian revolutionary movement changed the character of Russian literature: the theme of the struggle for freedom left it for several years. Pushkin, returned from exile by Nicholas I, having the opportunity to communicate with friends, enjoying enormous popularity among the public, nevertheless did not feel happy.

The stifling social atmosphere after the defeat of the Decembrists, the reactionary, cowardly, philistine moods supported by the new reactionary journalism, which reigned in society and infected many of his friends - all this caused Pushkin from time to time to attacks of complete despair, expressed in such poems as "The gift in vain, an accidental gift, life, why have you been given to me?" or "In the worldly steppe, sad and boundless ..." ("The last key is the cold key of oblivion, it will quench the heat of the heart most sweetly").

The idea that death is preferable to life, Pushkin thought to put in the basis of the gloomy poem he began in 1826 about the hero of the gospel legend - Ahasuerus ("Eternal Jew"), punished for his crime against God by immortality. However, these gloomy themes remained a temporary episode in Pushkin's work. He managed to overcome his heavy mood, and the poem about Ahasuerus was left at the very beginning.

In these years of social decline creative work Pushkin does not stop, but at this time he develops topics that are not directly related to the theme of the liberation movement. The subject of the poet's close attention is the human psyche, characters, "passions", their influence on the human soul (the central chapters of "Eugene Onegin", "little tragedies", sketches of prose stories).

Among Pushkin's works of 1826-1830, inspired by the "psychological" theme, we do not find a single poem. (True, in the poems "Poltava" and "Tazit" the development of the psychology of the heroes occupies a large place, but it is not the main task of these purely political works.) More suitable form for artistic analysis human psychology were a novel in verse, a dramatic study, a prose story or a story.

In the same years, Pushkin also wrote a number of major works of political content, but of a different nature. In his work of this time, the theme of the Russian state, the fate of Russia in the struggle with the West for its independence, is embodied - an echo of Pushkin's youthful memories of the events of 1812-1815. In parallel with this, he poetically develops the most important theme of the multinationality of the Russian state, writes about the historical regularity of the unification of many different peoples into one state whole. In the poem "Poltava" these topics are developed on the historical material of the struggle of Russia early XVIII in. with the then strongest military state - Sweden. Here, Pushkin poetically reveals his assessment of the relationship between Russia and Ukraine. In another, unfinished, poem "Tazit", based on Pushkin's impressions of his second Caucasian journey (1829). and reflections on the complexity and difficulty of the issue of ending the enmity of the peoples of the Caucasus with the Russians, the same national-political theme develops.

In the 30s. Pushkin's work is again almost entirely devoted to the development social issues. The people, the serfs, their life, their poetry, their struggle for their liberation - become one of the main themes of Pushkin the artist and historian, as he is becoming in these years. The life of a fortress village is shown in the unfinished "History of the village of Goryukhin", in "Dubrovsky"; in the fairy tales and drama "Mermaid" motifs are reproduced and artistically processed folk poetry. Pushkin first shows the struggle of the peasants against the landlords in the form of "robbery" (in "Dubrovsky"), and these are no longer romantic "robber brothers", but living, real types of peasants and courtyards. This peasant war, "Pugachevism" Pushkin devotes two great works - the story "The Captain's Daughter" and the historical study "The History of Pugachev". popular uprising against the feudal knights and the participation of representatives of the bourgeois class in it make up the unfinished drama Scenes from Knightly Times.

During these years, Pushkin introduces a new hero into literature - the suffering, oppressed " little man", the victim of an unfair social order - in the story" Stationmaster", in the novel "Ezersky", in the poem " Bronze Horseman".

Pushkin sharply reacts to the changes taking place before his eyes in the class composition of the intelligentsia, in particular the writers' environment. Previously, "only the nobles were engaged in literature in our country," as Pushkin repeated more than once, seeing this as the reason for the writer's independent behavior in relation to the authorities. to the government, now representatives of the raznochintsy, bourgeois intelligentsia. In those years, this new democracy was not yet " revolutionary democracy"On the contrary, most of its leaders, fighting with representatives of the ruling noble, landlord class for their place in life, did not find any opposition to the government, to the tsar.

Pushkin considered the only force capable of opposing its independence to governmental arbitrariness, of being a "powerful defender" of the people, of the nobility from which the Decembrists came, an impoverished nobility, but "with education", "with hatred against the aristocracy" (5) . “There is no such terrible element of riots in Europe either,” Pushkin wrote in his diary. “Who were on the square on December 14? Only nobles.

These thoughts about the role of the ancient nobility in freedom movement(in the past and in the future), the condemnation of its representatives, who do not understand their historical mission and kowtow before the authorities, before the "new nobility", the royal servants - Pushkin embodied not only in journalistic notes, but also in works of art, in particular, they constitute the main, main content of the first stanzas of "Yezersky" written by Pushkin.

In the 30s. Pushkin had to wage a fierce literary struggle. His opponents were reactionary, cowardly, unscrupulous journalists and critics who had taken possession of almost the entire readership, indulging the narrow-minded tastes of readers from small landowners and officials, who did not disdain political denunciations of their literary enemies. They persecuted Pushkin for everything new that he introduces into literature - a realistic direction, simplicity of expression, unwillingness to moralize ... The polemic with modern journalism about the tasks of literature was included by Pushkin in the initial stanzas of "Yezersky", this same polemic is the main content of the whole poem - "House in Kolomna".

A long series of poems written from 1820 to 1833, Pushkin completed "The Bronze Horseman" - a poem about the conflict between the happiness of an individual and the good of the state - his best work, remarkable both for the extraordinary depth and courage of thought, the sharpness of the poet's historical and social problem and the perfection of artistic expression. This work still causes controversy and various interpretations.

Pushkin used many genres in his work, but the poem has always remained a favorite form for expressing his "mind of cold observations and heart of sorrowful remarks." Pushkin celebrated almost every stage of his development with a poem, almost every one of those who stood before him life problems found expression in the poem. The enormous distance between the light, brilliant poem of the twenty-year-old Pushkin - "Ruslan and Lyudmila" - and the deeply philosophical poem "The Bronze Horseman", written by the thirty-four-year-old sage poet, clearly shows the swiftness of Pushkin's path, the steepness of the peak, which Pushkin climbed, and with him and all Russian literature.

(1) Freedom! he was looking for you alone in the desert world... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . And with faith, with a fiery plea, Your proud idol embraced. (" Prisoner of the Caucasus".) (2) Graze, peaceful peoples! The cry of honor will not awaken you. Why do the herds need the gifts of freedom? They must be cut or sheared. Their legacy from generation to generation is Yarmo with rattles and a scourge. ("The Desert Sower of Freedom...", 1823) (3) The original idea (1823) and the first chapters of the novel date back to the period of Pushkin's crisis. Realistic images in them are given polemically, with the aim of mocking everyday reduction of traditional romantic images and situations. "... I am writing a new poem, "Eugene Onegin", where I choke on bile" (letter to A. I. Turgenev dated December 1, 1823); "... do not believe N. Raevsky, who scolds him ("Eugene Onegin." - S. B.) - he expected romanticism from me, found satire and cynicism and decently did not catch on "(letter to brother dated January-February 1824 G.). (4) I need other pictures: I love a sandy hillside, Two rowan trees in front of the hut, A gate, a broken fence, Gray clouds in the sky, Heaps of straw in front of the threshing floor, Yes, a pond under the canopy of dense willows, Expanse of young ducks. My ideal now is the hostess... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sometimes on a rainy day the other day I turned into a barnyard... (Excerpts from "Onegin's Journey", 1829) (5) That is, the ruling elite.

CM. Bondy. Poems of Pushkin.

Pushkin's poems, a list of which is presented in this review, occupy a prominent place in the history of Russian poetry. They provided a huge impact for the development of Russian literature XIX century, defining the main themes of the works of this genre for several decades to come.

historical

Pushkin's poems, the list of which should begin with the most famous works, are devoted to different topics. But most of all the author was interested in the plots of the past and topics relevant to his time.

So the poet gave great attention plots of history.

romantic

Some of Pushkin's poems, the list of which should be continued by mentioning his freedom-loving works, were written under the influence of J. Byron.

In them, the poet portrayed strong natures, more life who value freedom.

So, Pushkin's romantic poems are permeated with the pathos of love of freedom.

Other works

Poetic works of the poet are distinguished by both an interesting plot and magnificent language.

Pushkin's works show the diversity of his interests.

The poem as a poetic genre is a poetic narrative work. Pushkin's poems, a list of which will be presented later, occupy quite a most in his work. He wrote twelve poems, and twelve more remained unfinished in outline and opening lines. Starting from 1820, from the period of southern exile, the poet creates, one after another, very serious and deep in content romantic poems, very modern and complex in terms of highly poetic form and problems.

The general meaning of the poems

Pushkin's southern poems, the list of which includes such works as The Robber Brothers, The Prisoner of the Caucasus, The Fountain of Bakhchisarai, etc., bring a completely new direction to Russian literature, which has come to be called advanced revolutionary romanticism. It expressed the poetic feelings and views of modern noble youth, the most active of which were the Decembrists. In this environment, dissatisfaction with the way of life and everything political system then Russia. Life for such people was worse than prison, and the person was presented as a prisoner, ardently striving for freedom, which was generally a cult of the revolutionary romantics of the 20s. However, their social loneliness and the lack of connection as such with the people whose sufferings they so strongly sympathized with often gave an extremely subjective and tragic character to the worldview of the Romantics.

Pushkin's romantic poems: list

The mournful experiences and feelings of a proud and lonely person standing above the crowd became the main content in the poet's work. Thus, he protests against social, moral and religious oppression, therefore the heroes whom the poet portrayed in poems were often criminals and violators of generally accepted norms in society. Pushkin was inspired by the work of Byron, as, indeed, other leading Russian romantic writers. The form of the "Byronic" poem was also used by Pushkin, in the narrative form of the poem fictional character and the events, which were presented absolutely far from the realities of the poet's life, perfectly expressed his soul, thoughts and life. Either he imagined himself a prisoner in the Caucasus, then Aleko, who had fled from the "bondage of stuffy cities", etc.

Poem "Prisoner of the Caucasus"

Pushkin's poems are amazing and unique in their own way, his list includes famous poem"Prisoner of the Caucasus". Based on the example of its analysis, we can say that this is the first poem written by the poet in 1821, where romanticism is clearly expressed.

The hero, having cooled his heart and rushing after the "ghost of freedom", is captured by the Circassians. The Circassian, in love with him, frees the hero, but she herself throws herself into the stormy waters of the Terek River.

Until that time, no one had created this kind of work, so the poem brought Pushkin big success, as it reflected a romantic hero - a prisoner who escaped from a civilized society and accepted undeserved suffering. He was captured because of his sophisticated and sensual nature, which not everyone has. ordinary person find. Here Pushkin sees the freedom of the soul in complete confinement. His prisoner considers the diverse world completely empty and worthless. He found spiritual freedom, but never found happiness in it. This is how you can figuratively interpret the whole meaning of this work.

The poem "The Fountain of Bakhchisarai"

This poem was written by Pushkin in 1823, and it turned out to be the most romantic, as it is full of very deep drama and sharpness of emotions. It tells the story of love for the Polish beauty Maria, but he has a harem, and one of the beautiful concubines named Zarema is jealous, passionate and determined. She didn't want to give up on her goals. But Mary in captivity only prayed before the icon of the Mother of God. Death was the day of her most the best salvation which happened after some time. In memory of this love, the khan built a beautiful Bakhchisarai fountain. This is how the poem reflects not just two completely different natures of women, but also cultures.

Pushkin Alexander Sergeevich: poems (list)

Pushkin, creating romantic images of people and nature in his poems, practically did not invent them, since very often he relied on his personal and live impressions, for example, about the Crimea, the Caucasus, the Bessarabian steppes, etc.

Here, in fact, very briefly about what Pushkin's poems were carried to the reader's masses. The list of these works was made up of such works as "Angelo", "The Robber Brothers", "The Fountain of Bakhchisarai", "Vadim", "Gavriliada", "The House in Kolomna", "Count Nulin", "Ezersky", "Prisoner of the Caucasus", "Poltava", "The Bronze Horseman", "Tazit", "Ruslan and Lyudmila", "Gypsies". These, of course, are not all of Pushkin's poems - the list can go on and on, but for the most part these works will already be unfinished, since the life of this great literary artist ended very quickly and tragically.