Why a drunk person can drown. Attention!!! read to everyone!!! how people drown

In the section on the question Need help. Here is a physics question: Why do people drown in water? given by the author flush the best answer is Specific gravity human body in normal conditions approximately equal to specific gravity fresh water, which is displaced by this body.
A person who has fallen into a river will almost never sink if he allows his body weight to match the weight of the water he displaces—in other words, if he sinks almost entirely into the water.
When drowning, water enters the lungs. In addition, a large amount of it enters the stomach, and the whole body becomes heavier as much as water is heavier than the air that filled these cavities before. As a rule, this difference is enough for a person to sink, but not in cases where we are talking about people with thin bones and excess body fat. Such people, even after drowning, continue to float on the surface.
A corpse that has sunk to the bottom of a river will remain there until
for some reason, its weight will again not be less than the weight of the water it displaces. It could be due to decomposition or something else. In the process of decomposition, a gas is formed that expands the cells in the tissues and all the cavities, which gives the dead bodies that swelling that makes such an eerie impression. When such expansion leads to a noticeable increase in the volume of the corpse without a corresponding increase in its mass, it becomes lighter than the water it displaces and floats.

Answer from good neighborliness[guru]
disagree

Answer from Yergey Smolitzky[guru]
The average density of the human body is slightly more density water (both fresh and salty). BUT! It's not about density, but about what is called buoyancy in technology: after all, steel is almost 8 times denser than water, but a steel ship does not sink until it is whole.
So, the buoyancy of a person on inhalation is positive, and on exhalation it is negative. A person does not drown not because he is rowing, but because he breathes correctly: during a full exhalation he does not have time to leave the surface and immediately takes a new breath.
A person drowns when, having knocked out his breath, he does not have time to take a breath, and his buoyancy becomes negative. And he can also inhale water, which will further aggravate the situation.
A person cannot drown as long as he breathes correctly (unless, of course, without a stone around his neck or other special devices).

Answer from Alice.[guru]
Fresh water density---0.998g/cm (3)
Salty --- between 1.02 and 1.03 g/cm (3)
The density of the human body, taking into account everything --- 1.07 g / cm (3)
A person who loves is a little heavier, and if he does not row, sooner or later he will not be able to resist.

People drown mostly out of fear.

Try to drown a cat that hates water and therefore has never swum in its life - it will swim anyway!

Because she will make natural movements for herself and move her paws as if she were walking on land.

A person who cannot swim should do the same - try to walk on water "like on dry land" , not paying attention to the fact that it is almost completely immersed in water.

A person has enough buoyancy to keep his nose and mouth above the water in an upright position and, therefore, breathe.

Breathe through your mouth, not your nose! because

A quick breath can only be taken through the mouth, not the nose,

Water entering the nose disrupts the entire breathing process, and if water enters the mouth, it can be spit out, or, in extreme cases, swallowed.

It is very inconvenient to move vertically in water - it turns out slowly. ButYou can stay on the surface of the water as long as you like!

And no need to rock "float" - a direct path to drowning!

"Float" is a special process that develops according to the scenario:

1. A person feels that he is drowning. Or maybe he just imagines it.

2. He gets scared and tries to stick himself out of the water as high as possible.

3. The Archimedean force supporting his body decreases. So he dives deeper into the water.

4. Then the Archimedean force increases and pushes his body up. Point 3 is repeated again. And so on.

5. There is a process of rocking up-down, which develops rapidly. And a person from all these swings is even more frightened.

6. A person does not have time to inhale air, especially since when his face is above water, water flows down his face in streams. Therefore, he is unable to breathe normally, scream or call for help.

7. A person chokes and goes to the bottom.

From the outside it really looks like a float. Everything happens silently and very quickly, in two dozen seconds. So

Parents! Don't let go eye from a bathing child, especially if he does not know how to swim at all!

How to increase buoyancy in a vertical position of the body?

It is necessary, firstly, that the lungs remain half filled with air even when exhaling, and secondly, move the hands as if they were flippers.

Waves on the water add a lot of difficulty because inhalation can be done if and only if the mouth is above the water.

Therefore, it is useful to conduct special training in shallow water or in the bath.

“Start inhaling through your mouth, over the water, and begin to sink. At the moment when water begins to enter your mouth, close your mouth and stop inhaling. Fix this skill. Next, practice - exhale into the water, holding your breath. It should finally take root in your brain: mouth in water - do not inhale! Teach yourself to keep your mouth closed underwater. (The practice of "keeping your mouth shut in an inappropriate situation" is useful in other situations as well)"

One of my acquaintances, a great connoisseur of automotive technology, said: “I’ll leave on a broom, if only it starts!”

The same can be said about water: “I won’t drown for anything, as long as I can breathe.”

The worst thing that can happen to a person on the water is loss of consciousness due to which control over breathing will be lost. And as for such trifles as “a leg cramp,” it’s nothing, it’s terribly painful, unpleasant, but that’s all - this happened to me many times ...

I know what I'm writing about! As a child, I drowned, experienced a "float" and miraculously escaped with the last of my strength. Then, when I learned to swim, I tried different modes of swimming and diving.

Therefore, what is written here is checked on personal experience(unless you didn’t have to drown the cat).

The summer season has begun, people have reached out to the sea, sad statistics have gone uphill. People are mortal, and many are mortal suddenly. Memento Mori. Keep your will handy, keep your affairs in order, pass the passwords from social networks to your relatives just in case. These are the realities of today. Breathing is easy, especially on vacation.

Notes from a Royal Thai Police Volunteer. All the cases described are real, and occurred in summer period holidays, in Phuket at this time is the low season.
To understand the difference, here is the sea in the low season, many consider the waves fun, and swim with joy:

But in high:

In the high season they drown less.

So, when relaxing on the water, remember that people drown in silence.

All these highly artistic cries for help and the waving of hands are pure fiction. The tips of the fingers will be maximum above the water, and when floating above the surface, a person will first of all take a breath, well, as much as he can, and, as a rule, again into the water before he can shout for help.
People drown in silence. We were on the beach, when a man rushed to a resting couple, grabbing their shoulders and arms, jerkily using them as a support, he rushed to their child, who was drowning 4m behind them. It’s clear the cry is what a boor, I’m the one ... and then a quiet horror. The child was drowning behind them, and they cooed and did not see it. And most importantly, did not hear! Because people drown in silence.

Male, Russian, 33 years old, flew in to celebrate a birthday. I started celebrating on the plane. Upon arrival in Phuket, I settled in Karon and went swimming, dived right in my pants and sweater. It whirled, spun, heavy clothes, and even clogged with sand, like a bag and pulled away. Floated, spun, friends saw, thought he was swimming, diving, having fun. There were no screams.

When lifeguards are on duty at the beach or pool, they clearly look at the water in search of very specific patterns of behavior: the flickering of brushes above the water, and emerging in the form of attempts to crawl along a rope, they only grab the air with their hands. This is how people drown 99% of the time.

And we are not yet discussing the features of coastal currents. When you dive under a wave near the shore, you emerge and see how you are carried away to the sea. You can't swim to the shore! Swim in parallel until you see that you have come out of the reverse flow, and only after that, saving your strength, swim to the shore. Water is tricky! I read somewhere that mostly experienced swimmers drown, starting to rub near the shore, mainly where the shore is under their feet. So if you think that this is not about you, then definitely about you.

Findings?

If you are traveling with children:
Always keep an eye on the child, even if he is wearing armlets, you can slip out of them, even if he is in an inflatable ring, you can roll over in it. Always an eye on the child. Even if it's in your hands! My father was on the beach when a child was knocked out of the girl’s hands by a wave, but he was not visible in the sea foam and xs where he was carried away. The howl is not human. Panic. Precious time is running out before she can articulately cry out about the baby. Well, by this time my father was already shouting at the top of his voice that the child was in the water and everyone rushed to look for him. Pulled out of the water 7m behind her. Alive. Lucky.

If you are on your own:
Don't thump! Blue in the glass leads to blue on the face. Well, roll on after the beach, celebrate a wonderful day. It's very easy to lose your bearings in the water and think you're swimming up. It's very easy to drown if you cramp a muscle. It is very easy to drown if the heart skipped a beat from a sharp decrease in the temperature of the limbs. Adults manage to drown even in waist-deep water!

I remember in Bangkok at the embassy I received documents, and on the table a stack of death certificates two centimeters high lies, 8 out of 10 drowned, 2 out of 10 in an accident.
People drown in silence. Take care of yourself and be considerate of others.
© youllupukki

About 40 people have drowned since the start of the swimming season

During the summer holidays, many habitually spend near water bodies, escaping from the heat. However, not all vacationers think about how dangerous the water element is for children left unattended, people with poor health, lovers of “what is stronger” and just for those who, while having fun, have lost their vigilance.

Three people drowned in the waters of the republic last weekend. One of the tragedies occurred in the village of Kukuruzen, Orhei district. The search for an eight-year-old child lasted several hours, divers found his body. Another incident was registered in the Soldanesti region, where a 29-year-old man drowned. A similar incident occurred in the Taraclia region. The victim of careless bathing was a 38-year-old local resident.

Since the beginning of the swimming season, about 40 people have drowned, 7 of them are children. What pulls people to the bottom? The correspondent of "AiF in Moldova" tried to figure it out.

Beware of the "green snake"

For many, outdoor recreation is associated with fried aromatic food and alcohol. An attempt to cool off in the river, after drinking a lot of intoxicated, can lead to very sad consequences.

“In my practice, most of those who drowned were in a state of intoxication,” said rescuer with 10 years of experience from the village of Vatra Viktor Drochev. - Drinking alcohol disrupts the coordination of movements, slows down the reaction rate, dulls the sense of danger. In this state, not only swimming, but even walking along the shore is problematic. Because of this, it is often very difficult to understand whether a person is drowning or not. Shouting or in any other way attracting the attention of a drowning person may not always be. At the moment when a person begins to go under water, the only thing he tries to do is to stay afloat and, having surfaced, inhale at least a little oxygen. The task of the rescuer in this case is to monitor what is happening on the water and act immediately. If you rest in areas where there are no employees rescue services, do not lose sight of your relatives or acquaintances and do not leave other vacationers in trouble when you notice something is wrong.

The main thing is not to panic

When we find ourselves in a life-threatening situation, our subconscious makes us behave unpredictably. Someone has a sharp release of adrenaline, the work of the heart accelerates, providing a surge of strength, and someone is lost, not knowing what to do, and falls into state of shock. Regardless of individual mental characteristics in a critical situation, a person takes possession of the basic instinct of self-preservation.

“Traditionally, we are arranged in such a way that all the mechanisms of our subconscious are aimed at preserving life. Starting to sink, we will try by all means to survive. It is very important, no matter how hard it is, not to panic, push everything back. negative thoughts to the background and quickly think possible ways salvation. As soon as panic takes over, it becomes almost impossible to control our movements. It should be understood that extra experiences they will not help the cause, but will only exhaust you, putting your life at even greater risk, ”she shared with AiF in Moldova psychologist Ludmila Rusu.

Sucked in by a dangerous quagmire

It is worth noting that most of the reported accidents occurred in the waters of the Dniester. Security Specialist environment Anton Alexandrov explained possible reasons: “The Dniester has a rather strong current and the nature of a mountain river. This, together with a bottom uneven in depth and a narrow channel, contributes to the formation of so-called funnels and other eddies. Because of this, often a person cannot overcome the water element, even if he knows how to swim well. People basically do not calculate their strengths and capabilities while on the water, and simply do not cope, trying to swim across the river or diving in places unknown to them, where they can be expected. dangerous places and/or anomalous zones.”

adviсe

How to prepare for a swim

4 Go to cold water follows gradually. This is necessary so that the muscles can adapt to the temperature and there are no cramps. For the same purpose before taking water procedures it is recommended to do light exercises, stretch the muscles - this will improve blood circulation.

4 You should not swim in bodies of water where there are no rescue stations. And in rivers and lakes, do not swim beyond the bath area indicated by buoys.

4 Do not swim during a thunderstorm.

4 Do not swim long distances. If such a swim happens, calculate your capabilities, including on Return trip. So, if you feel that there is no strength left for the return swim, DO NOT SWIM! Risk can cost you your life. Get back by boat or by bridge. In extreme cases, have a good rest - let the body recover properly.

4 If you feel that you are starting to sink, do not panic, save the rest of your strength and breath, give signs to rescuers and other people. To stay on the water, lie on your back so that only your face (respiratory organs) remains on the surface, and carry out light movements with your legs and arms underwater. In this state, a person can, with a minimum of effort, long time be on the surface. Keep in mind that the entire body must be submerged under water, including ears and hair. How most We immerse bodies in water, the more the saving buoyant force will act on us. Every swimmer should own this technique.

Expert Answer

With the onset of hot days, people are increasingly getting out to rest to the water. Bathing can end in tragedy, which can be prevented by being able to recognize a drowning person. Most of us are used to believing that a drowning man is waving his arms, shouting loudly, and generally attracting attention in every possible way. But usually this is not the case at all. Drowning happens very quickly and quietly, right in front of unsuspecting people.

How to understand that a person is drowning, what are the signs of drowning, AiF.ru told Senior State Inspector of the Irkutsk GIMS Ministry of Emergency Situations Alexander Yashenko.

“Yes, there really is an erroneous opinion that a person drowns when he starts screaming, waving his arms, knocking them on the water and attracting attention in every possible way. In fact, when a person starts different reasons drown, he does not scream. He immediately falls into a stupor and begins to sink,” he said.

Experienced rescuers are primarily guided by the eyes: a drowning person has a meaningless, glazed look. A drowning person usually does not attract any attention to himself, many even think that this is just a game on the water, pampering, especially for children: the child will either appear above the water or dive headlong. According to the expert, when a person drowns, it is rarely accompanied by any sounds, waving arms and a bunch of splashes, as we see in films. AT real life this is extremely rare. “Of course, if a person in the water calls for help, waves his arms, this does not mean that he is deceiving. Most likely, this is a panic attack on the water, it is imperative to help such a person, ”says Yashenko.

When you swim, pay attention to the people around you, especially the children.

Signs that a person is drowning

- the head is immersed in water, the mouth is located at the very surface of the water;

- the head is thrown back, the mouth is open;

- eyes do not express anything, empty, as if glazed, do not focus on anything;

- eyes are closed;

- hair covering the forehead and eyes;

- a person stays on the water in an upright position only due to his hands, without moving his legs;

- breathing is frequent and shallow, a person gasps for air;

- a person tries to swim in a certain direction, but he does not succeed, he remains in one place;

The person is trying to roll over onto their back.

“By the way, trying to lie on your back is one of the ways to save yourself. If in the water you suddenly feel that you can’t swim forward, as if you are standing in one place, then you are tired. In this case, you should try to roll over on your back, lie down, rest, catch your breath, and then roll over on your stomach and again try to swim to the shore, ”said Alexander Yashenko.

If a person fell overboard from a ship or boat, but then surfaced, do not calm down ahead of time. “Often the main sign that a person is drowning is that he does not at all look like a drowning person. It may seem that he is just trying to stay on the water and looks at the deck or at the boat. To make sure that everything is in order, you need to ask a simple question: “Is everything okay? Do you need help? “If instead of an answer you observe an empty look, you have half a minute to pull the person out of the water,” says the expert.

Parents need to remember that children playing in the water make noise. If they are quiet, you must immediately run into the water and pull them ashore.

What happens when a person drowns?

American lifeguard Francesco Pia described the instinctive reaction of a drowning man. These are the actions that people take to avoid suffocation when immersed in water. He was one of the first to point out that drowning is very quiet and not at all spectacular.

- Drowning people, in principle, cannot call for help.

“A person tries to breathe air before going under water again. In order to shout, call for help, he simply does not have the strength and time. From the outside, it sometimes looks like a person is just jumping on the water, playing, ”explains Yashenko.

A drowning person cannot wave his arms to get attention. He instinctively stretches his arms out to the sides, trying to push himself off the water. Such movements allow you to float to the surface to breathe air. A drowning person has an instinct: to inhale the air, while there is enough strength.

- Due to instinctive reactions, drowning people cannot control the movement of their hands. They just try to stay on the surface of the water, but they can’t stop sinking and start doing some meaningful actions: swimming, waving their arms to attract attention, trying to get closer to the rescuers or getting to the lifebuoy when it was thrown to them.

How long can a drowning person stay on the water?

Panic, when a person tries to call for help, occurs before drowning. When a person is already drowning and he is guided only by an instinct that prompts him to inhale air, there is a maximum of a minute to save him.

“If a drowning person is not rescued, then he can hold out on the surface of the water for 20-60 seconds before completely sinking into the water,” the expert said.