Term of military service by conscription. Length of military service under contract

The beginning of military service is considered:

For citizens who are not in the reserve, called up for military service - the day of departure from the military commissariat of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation to the place of military service;

For citizens ( foreign citizens) who entered military service under a contract - the day the contract for military service comes into force;

For citizens who have not completed military service or who have previously completed military service and enrolled in military educational institutions vocational education, - date of enrollment in the specified educational institutions.

A soldier who is a citizen who entered the military service for the first time, or a citizen who did not do military service and was called up for military training for the first time, is sworn in before the State flag Russian Federation and the Battle Banner of the military unit.

Foreigners, as mentioned above, accept the obligation.

Casting to military oath(obligation) is made:

Upon arrival of a serviceman to the first place of military service after passing the initial military training, the period of which should not exceed two months;

Upon arrival of a citizen to the first place of military training.

Before taking the Military Oath (making a commitment):

A serviceman cannot be involved in the performance of combat missions (participation in hostilities, combat duty, combat service, guard duty) and tasks when the regime is introduced. state of emergency and in situations of armed conflict;

Weapons and military equipment cannot be assigned to a serviceman;

A disciplinary sanction in the form of arrest may not be imposed on a serviceman.

For servicemen undergoing military service under a contract, the term of military service is established in accordance with the contract for military service.

The term of military service is calculated from the date of commencement of military service.

Military service expires:

a) for military personnel undergoing military service on conscription - in the appropriate number last month term of military service on conscription;

b) for military personnel undergoing military service under a contract - on the corresponding month and date last year term of the contract or on the corresponding day of the last month of the term of the contract, if the contract was concluded for a period of up to one year.

In cases where the expiration of the period of military service falls on a month in which there is no corresponding date, the specified period expires on the last day of this month.

The day of the end of military service is the day of exclusion of a serviceman from the lists of personnel of a military unit in connection with dismissal from military service, death (death), recognition as missing or declared dead.

A serviceman must be excluded from the lists of personnel of a military unit on the day of the expiration of his military service (early dismissed - no later than the end of his military service), except for the cases established by the Federal Law "On military service and military service” and the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

The day of exclusion from the lists of personnel of a military unit is the day of completion (last day) of military service for a serviceman.

The period of military service does not count:

a) the period of stay of a serviceman in a disciplinary military unit;

b) the time of serving the disciplinary arrest by the convicted serviceman;

c) the time of unauthorized abandonment of a military unit or place of military service lasting more than 10 days, regardless of the reasons for abandonment.

For a convicted serviceman who has mastered a military specialty, who knows and accurately fulfills the requirements of military regulations and performs an impeccable service, and who is released from a disciplinary military unit after the expiration of his term of conscription, the time spent in a disciplinary military unit may be included in the period of his military service in the manner determined by the Minister of Defense RF.

For a serviceman released from a disciplinary military unit, subject to his impeccable military service, the time spent in a disciplinary military unit may be included in the term of military service by the commander of the troops of the military district or by a commander (chief) equal to him and higher, in the manner determined by the heads of the federal executive bodies. authorities in which military service is provided.

The total duration of the military service of a serviceman includes the entire time of his military service, both on conscription and under contract, including in cases of re-entry into military service.

The determination of the total duration of military service is carried out on a calendar basis.

In the cases established federal laws and other normative legal acts of the Russian Federation, total duration military service is determined on a preferential basis.

For conscripted military personnel, one day of participation in hostilities or performance of tasks in armed conflicts, as well as one day of stay in medical institutions due to injuries, contusions, injuries or diseases received during participation in these actions or conflicts, is counted for two days of military service on conscription.

Article 3. Beginning, term and end of military service. 1. The beginning of military service is considered:

a) for citizens called up for military service who were not in the reserve - the day of departure from the military commissariat of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation to the place of military service;
b) for citizens called up for military service from among those who graduated from state, municipal or having state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) non-state educational institutions of higher professional education and enrolled in the reserve with the assignment military rank officer, - the day of departure to the place of military service, specified in the order of the military commissariat;
c) for citizens called up for military service immediately after graduating from state, municipal or state-accredited non-state educational institutions of higher professional education in the relevant areas of training (specialties) who have been awarded the military rank of officer, the day of departure on leave provided by the military commissariat upon graduation specified educational institutions;
d) for citizens who entered military service under a contract - the day the contract comes into force;
e) for citizens who entered the military educational establishments and those who have not completed military service or who have completed military service earlier - the day of enrollment in these educational institutions.
2. The term of military service is established:
a) for soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen who are doing military service by conscription - 24 months;
b) for soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen who are conscripted and graduated from state, municipal or state accredited non-state educational institutions of higher professional education in the relevant areas of training (specialties) - 12 months;
c) for conscripted officers - 24 months;
d) for military personnel serving under a contract - the period specified in the contract.
The term of military service is calculated from the date of commencement of military service.
3. The term of military service expires:
a) for military personnel undergoing military service by conscription - on the appropriate date of the last month of the term of military service by conscription;
b) for military personnel undergoing military service under a contract - on the corresponding month and day of the last year of the contract term or on the corresponding day of the last month of the contract term, if the contract was concluded for a period of up to one year.
In cases where the expiration of the period of military service falls on a month in which there is no corresponding date, the specified period expires on the last day of this month.
4. The day of the end of military service is the day of exclusion of a serviceman from the lists of personnel of a military unit (hereinafter, military units are understood to be military command and control bodies, bodies, military units, ships, formations, enterprises, institutions and organizations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (other troops, military formations or bodies), as well as military faculties (departments) at educational institutions of higher professional education) in connection with dismissal from military service, death (death), recognition as missing or declared dead.
A serviceman must be excluded from the lists of personnel of a military unit on the day of the expiration of his military service (early dismissed - no later than the end of his military service), except as otherwise established by the Federal Law and these Regulations.
The day of exclusion from the lists of personnel of a military unit is the day of completion (last day) of military service for a serviceman.
5. The term of military service does not include:
a) the period of stay of a serviceman in a disciplinary military unit;
b) the time of serving the arrest by the convicted servicemen;
c) the time of serving a disciplinary sanction in the form of arrest;
d) the time of unauthorized leaving of a military unit or place of military service lasting more than 10 days, regardless of the reasons for leaving.
6. For a convicted serviceman who has mastered a military specialty, who knows and accurately fulfills the requirements of military regulations and performs an impeccable service, and who is released from a disciplinary military unit after the expiration of his term of conscription, the time spent in a disciplinary military unit may be included in the period of his military service in the manner determined by Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.
For a serviceman released from a disciplinary military unit, subject to his impeccable military service, the time spent in a disciplinary military unit may be included in the term of military service by the commander of the troops of the military district or by a commander (chief) equal to him and higher, in the manner determined by the heads of the federal executive bodies. authorities in which military service is provided.
7. The total duration of the military service of a serviceman includes the entire time of his military service, both on conscription and under contract, including in cases of re-entry into military service.
The determination of the total duration of military service is carried out on a calendar basis.
In cases established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, the total duration of military service is determined on a preferential basis.
8. For conscripted military personnel, one day of participation in hostilities or performance of tasks in armed conflicts, as well as one day of being in medical institutions as a result of injuries, contusions, injuries or illnesses received during participation in these actions or conflicts, is counted as two days of military service by conscription.
II. PROCEDURE FOR CONCLUDING A CONTRACT
AND TERMINATION

In accordance with our laws service life in Russian army, since 2008, is 12 months, or 1 year!

2019 conscripts 1 year service life

The military (including the duration of its passage for all categories) is strictly regulated by the regulatory legal acts of the state, and the main one, of course, is the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

And for many years after the decrease service life up to 1 year there were no major changes regarding the term of military service on conscription (an increase in the term of service or, conversely, a decrease) and, it seems, is not expected.

Accordingly, in the 2019-2020 draft, conscripts will serve no more than 1 calendar year. And right now you can find out how much and what period of service has already been passed.

The term of service in the army and navy will not change

About the term of service in the army 1.8 years

But nevertheless, our website for conscripts and soldiers constantly receives the same questions from conscripts (future soldiers), military conscripts, as well as their relatives and friends. The essence of all these appeals boils down to the fact that, supposedly, service life this year will increase to 1.8 years(1 year and 8 months).

What would you like to say about this. Until changes are made to the current legislation, no talk about increasing the service life is groundless. In other words, in the next year or two term of service in the army will not change and will remain as it is now 1 year.

Reducing the term of service in the army by 45 days

Or opposite questions come up about reducing the service life by 45 days. It's completely unclear where it comes from. this information, but nevertheless, every year from draft to draft, we strongly recommend that these rumors not be taken seriously. Since this information has never been confirmed. Get information only from reliable sources!

The term of service in the army will not be increased or reduced!

President on 2019 military service

Data talk about increase or decrease military service in the course of or arise primarily in connection with the legal illiteracy of our population. Also, these rumors are published, and in some cases intentionally distributed by a number of media outlets.

But for all these unfounded conversations, our Supreme Commander- President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin - made an official statement that to increase and even more so to reduce service life in 2019 not planned.

After such a statement by the first person of our state, we have nothing more to add. I hope you found the answer to your question and now you know for sure what is the term of service in the Russian army.

Legal regulation in the field of military duty and military service in Russia is carried out in accordance with the Federal Law of March 28, 1998 N 53-FZ "On military duty and military service" (hereinafter referred to as the Law).

Military service is carried out both by citizens of the Russian Federation - by conscription and on a voluntary basis under a contract, and by foreign citizens - under a contract in military positions to be replaced by soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops and military formations.

The procedure for performing military service is determined by the Law, other federal laws, the Regulation on the procedure for performing military service (hereinafter referred to as the Regulation) and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

The term of military service is established by Art. 38 of the Law - separately for conscription and contract service. Thus, for those who were called up for military service after January 1, 2008, the term of service is 12 months. The "contract worker" serves as long as the contract is concluded with him.

Length of military service under contract

The first contract for military service is:

with a conscripted serviceman or another citizen entering military service for a position for which the state provides for the military rank (hereinafter referred to as the rank) of a soldier, sailor, sergeant, foreman - for three years;
with a foreign citizen entering military service for a position for which the state provides for the rank of soldier, sailor, sergeant, foreman - for five years;
with a serviceman undergoing military service by conscription, or with another citizen entering the service for military post, for which the state provides for the rank of warrant officer, midshipman or officer (with the exception of the categories of citizens specified in paragraph 5), - for five years;
with a serviceman studying at a military educational institution under the program:

higher professional education - for the period of study and five years of military service after its completion;
secondary vocational education - for the duration of training and three years of military service after its completion;

with a citizen who has passed military training in a military training center at a federal state educational institution of higher professional education and entering immediately after graduation from the said institution for military service for a position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - for three years or five years.

With a conscripted military serviceman, the first contract may be concluded for a shorter period. This is possible if the total duration of his military service on conscription and on the first contract is three years or five years. In addition, if a conscript wants to enter the military under a contract during a period of emergency or to participate in the maintenance or restoration international peace, a contract with him can be concluded not earlier than one month before the expiration of the term of military service and for a period of six months to a year.

A serviceman (citizen) who is doing military service under a contract and wishes to continue serving can conclude a new contract for three years, five or ten years, as well as for an indefinite period in accordance with paragraph 5 of Art. 38 of the Law and paragraph 5 of Art. 9 Regulations. The specified norms provide for the conclusion of a contract for a different period - for example, before the onset of age limit stay in military service.

How are the terms of military service calculated?

The term of military service is calculated from the beginning of military service, which, in accordance with paragraph 10 of Art. 38 of the Law is considered:

for citizens who are not in the reserve, who are called up for military service, the day when the military rank of private is awarded;
for citizens (foreign citizens) who entered military service under a contract - the day the contract comes into force;
for citizens who have not completed military service or who have completed military service earlier and entered military educational institutions of vocational education, the date of enrollment in these educational institutions.

In accordance with paragraph 3 of Art. 3 provisions military service expires:

for military personnel undergoing military service by conscription - on the corresponding date of the last month of the term of service;
for military personnel undergoing military service under a contract - on the corresponding month and day of the last year of the contract term or on the corresponding day of the last month of the contract term, if the contract was concluded for a period of up to one year.

End of military service

The end of military service is the day a serviceman is excluded from the lists of personnel of a military unit in connection with dismissal from military service, death (death), recognition as missing or declared dead.

A serviceman must be excluded from the lists of personnel of a military unit on the day of the expiration of his military service. This rule does not apply to cases where a soldier:

is in hospital;
is on maternity or parental leave this item applies only to women)
undergoes military service by conscription and, if desired, remains in the military unit until the day of departure vehicle, which transports military personnel transferred to the reserve;
participates in the campaigns of ships;
is in captivity, in the position of a hostage or internee;
missing (until he is declared missing or declared dead);
is suspected or accused of committing a crime and measures of restraint have been chosen in respect of him in the form of detention (guardroom) or observation by the command of a military unit.

Time that does not count towards military service

The period of military service does not include the time when a serviceman:

resides in a disciplinary military unit;
convicted and serving an arrest;
is serving a disciplinary sanction in the form of arrest;
arbitrarily left military unit or a place of military service for a period of more than 10 days (regardless of the reasons).

The time spent in a disciplinary military unit may be included in the period of military service, provided that the serviceman has served impeccably. Such a decision regarding a serviceman released from a disciplinary military unit may be made by the commander of the troops of the military district or a commander (chief) equal to or higher than him. At the same time, the procedure determined by the heads of the federal executive bodies that provide for military service must be observed.

The total duration of military service includes all the time of service both on conscription and under contract, including in cases of re-entry into military service. It is determined in calendar terms.

In cases established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, the total duration of military service is determined on a preferential basis. for example, one month of service is counted as three.

Abbreviations "other troops" and " military units" are given in the article in accordance with paragraph 1 of article 2 of the Law.

The regulation "On the procedure for performing military service" was approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of September 16, 1999 N 1237 "Issues of military service."

The age limit for military service is set by Art. 49 of the Law. Age limits vary by military rank. There is a separate age limit for women.

The issue of service life is of great concern to conscripts. And no wonder - after all, this time can be spent on building a career or family.

How long the conscript will be away from home and at what age he will return directly depends on the service life.

The excitement is fueled by the ongoing rumors that the term will be extended. Both the conscripts themselves and their parents are worried. Many are already contemplating plans to evade military duty.

However, it is enough just to understand the rumors a little and it will become quite obvious that the conscripts have nothing to fear.

Service life in 2019

Rumors are constantly circulating among conscripts that the term of service in the army will be increased to two years. Such a change fundamentally changes everything, because a very small part of employees are willing to spend an extra year doing their job. military duty. So far, such are at the level of rumors and in fact have no real facts under them.

The fact is that earlier they served in the Russian army for two years. Of these, six months were spent on mastering theoretical knowledge. The remaining 18 months the employee was obliged to spend in a military unit, mastering the practical side of this craft. Later, the government came to the conclusion that the period needed to be shortened.

Among young men at that time, a fairly large percentage tried different ways"Slope" from the draft, and many succeeded. Those who were forced to go served very reluctantly. Thus, the effectiveness of the army was low. But as time went on, everything changed. Young people have become more willing to come to the military registration and enlistment offices for military service.

At the same time, many types of official postponements from the army, so there were much fewer ways to "slope". Thanks to this, the army is steadily replenished with young men for each draft campaign. At the same time, the demand for military departments of universities has fallen - they also give a respite, and earlier this method was very popular among conscripts.

In the State Duma, several individuals raised the issue of returning the term of service to 2 years, or at least increasing it to 18 months. However, these initiatives were not supported. The question of changing the term of service was also asked to the President, to which he answered categorically that an increase in the period of service should not be expected.

If the President does not change in the country, then there will be no reason to worry about an increase in the term of office. Therefore, with great probability, in 2019, the young men will also serve 12 months.

Transition to contract service

In 2012, Dmitry Medvedev proposed an initiative to gradually introduce contract service in Russia. The strategy is designed in such a way that the contractors should gradually oust most conscripts. This is a fairly reasonable solution, which has already been implemented by quite a few states.

The advantages of such an approach are obvious. First of all, only people who are truly interested in this will get into the army. Such young men will give themselves completely both in training and on the battlefield. Become a soldier will be theirs own decision and they will understand the full responsibility of this profession.

At the same time, there will be a disproportionate increase in military power states. Such soldiers will be much better trained. At the same time, they will have the most important thing - enthusiasm, a desire to serve and a willingness to devote themselves completely to this business.

Replacing unmotivated conscripts, who sometimes have to be dragged by force to the draft board, for contract soldiers who are eager to defend their country, the state will receive a very effective army.

The transition strategy to contract service is divided into 3 stages:

mass promotion of the benefits of contract service and setting the ratio of contract soldiers / conscripts in the army in the proportion of 70/30 or 80/20, respectively;
gradual change in the ratio of contractors / conscripts to the proportion of 85/15, improvement of service conditions;
increase in salaries for contractors, transition to the ratio of contractors / conscripts to a ratio of 90/10.

It is worth noting that this strategy is in the process of being implemented. Its final result cannot be assessed in the coming years. The army, where 90% of employees are under contract, will have to wait a little longer.

Military department and alternative service in Russia

Do not forget completely legal means exemption from military service. They are not available to everyone and not quite simple, but still they exist:

work instead of service at a special enterprise that has military status;
passage military department at the university.

Very few can claim the first option. Indigenous representatives of ethnic groups, the number of representatives of which is limited, can also become employees of military enterprises. Conscripts who are not allowed to pass can also apply for this option. military service religion. At the same time, the conscript must work at the enterprise for 21 months.

Thus, there is every reason to believe that in 2019 it will remain unchanged - conscripts will have to fulfill their duty for 12 months. A change in this period is extremely unlikely, so do not worry in vain.