How long does it take to start military service? Transition to contract service

the beginning military service counts:

For citizens who are not in the reserve, called up for military service - the day of departure from the military commissariat of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation to the place of military service;

For citizens ( foreign citizens) who entered military service under a contract - the day the contract for military service comes into force;

For citizens who have not completed military service or who have previously completed military service and enrolled in military educational institutions vocational education, - date of enrollment in the specified educational institutions.

A soldier who is a citizen who entered the military service for the first time, or a citizen who did not do military service and was called up for military training for the first time, is sworn in before the State flag Russian Federation and the Battle Banner of the military unit.

Foreigners, as mentioned above, accept the obligation.

Casting to military oath(obligation) is made:

Upon arrival of a serviceman to the first place of military service after passing the initial military training, the period of which should not exceed two months;

Upon arrival of a citizen to the first place of military training.

Before taking the Military Oath (making a commitment):

A serviceman cannot be involved in the performance of combat missions (participation in hostilities, combat duty, combat service, guard duty) and tasks when the regime is introduced. state of emergency and in situations of armed conflict;

Weapons and military equipment cannot be assigned to a serviceman;

A disciplinary sanction in the form of arrest may not be imposed on a serviceman.

For servicemen undergoing military service under a contract, the term of military service is established in accordance with the contract for military service.

The term of military service is calculated from the date of commencement of military service.

Military service expires:

a) for military personnel undergoing military service on conscription - in the appropriate number last month term of military service on conscription;

b) for military personnel undergoing military service under a contract - on the corresponding month and day of the last year of the contract term or on the corresponding day of the last month of the contract term, if the contract was concluded for a period of up to one year.

In cases where the expiration of the period of military service falls on a month in which there is no corresponding date, the specified period expires on the last day of this month.

The day of the end of military service is the day of exclusion of a serviceman from the lists of personnel of a military unit in connection with dismissal from military service, death (death), recognition as missing or declared dead.

A serviceman must be excluded from the lists of personnel of a military unit on the day of the expiration of his military service (early dismissed - no later than the end of his military service), except for the cases established by the Federal Law "On military service and military service” and the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

The day of exclusion from the lists of personnel of a military unit is the day of completion (last day) of military service for a serviceman.

The period of military service does not count:

a) the period of stay of a serviceman in a disciplinary military unit;

b) the time of serving the disciplinary arrest by the convicted serviceman;

c) the time of unauthorized abandonment of a military unit or place of military service lasting more than 10 days, regardless of the reasons for abandonment.

For a convicted serviceman who has mastered a military specialty, who knows and accurately fulfills the requirements of military regulations and performs an impeccable service, and who is released from a disciplinary military unit after the expiration of his term of conscription, the time spent in a disciplinary military unit may be included in the period of his military service in the manner determined by the Minister of Defense RF.

For a serviceman released from a disciplinary military unit, subject to his impeccable military service, the time spent in a disciplinary military unit may be included in the term of military service by the commander of the troops of the military district or by a commander (chief) equal and higher to him, in the manner determined by the heads of the federal executive bodies. authorities in which military service is provided.

The total duration of the military service of a serviceman includes the entire time of his military service, both on conscription and under contract, including in cases of re-entry into military service.

The determination of the total duration of military service is carried out on a calendar basis.

In the cases established federal laws and other normative legal acts of the Russian Federation, the total duration of military service is determined on a preferential basis.

For conscripted military personnel, one day of participation in hostilities or performance of tasks in armed conflicts, as well as one day of stay in medical institutions due to injuries, contusions, injuries or diseases received during participation in these actions or conflicts, is counted for two days of military service on conscription.

Service life in 2019

Rumors are constantly circulating among conscripts that the term of service in the army will be increased to two years. Such a change fundamentally changes everything, because a very small part of employees are willing to spend an extra year doing their job. military duty. So far, such are at the level of rumors and in fact have no real facts under them.

The point is that before Russian army served for two years. Of these, six months were spent on mastering theoretical knowledge. The remaining 18 months the employee was obliged to spend in a military unit, mastering the practical side of this craft. Later, the government came to the conclusion that the period needed to be shortened.

Among young men at that time, a fairly large percentage tried different ways"Slope" from the draft, and many succeeded. Those who were forced to go served very reluctantly. Thus, the effectiveness of the army was low. But as time went on, everything changed. Young people have become more willing to come to the military registration and enlistment offices for military service.

At the same time, many types of official postponements from the army, so there were much fewer ways to "slope". Thanks to this, the army is steadily replenished with young men for each draft campaign. At the same time, the demand for military departments of universities has fallen - they also give a respite, and earlier this method was very popular among conscripts.

In the State Duma, several individuals raised the issue of returning the term of service to 2 years, or at least increasing it to 18 months. However, these initiatives were not supported. The question of changing the term of service was also asked to the President, to which he answered categorically that an increase in the period of service should not be expected.

If the President does not change in the country, then there will be no reason to worry about an increase in the term of office. Therefore, with great probability, in 2019, the young men will also serve 12 months.

Transition to contract service

In 2012, Dmitry Medvedev proposed an initiative to gradually introduce contract service in Russia. The strategy is designed in such a way that the contractors should gradually oust most conscripts. This is a fairly reasonable solution, which has already been implemented by quite a few states.

The advantages of such an approach are obvious. First of all, only people who are truly interested in this will get into the army. Such young men will give themselves completely both in training and on the battlefield. Become a soldier will be theirs own decision and they will understand the full responsibility of this profession.

At the same time, there will be a disproportionate increase in military power states. Such soldiers will be much better trained. At the same time, they will have the most important thing - enthusiasm, a desire to serve and a willingness to devote themselves completely to this business.

Replacing unmotivated conscripts, who sometimes have to be dragged by force to the draft board, for contract soldiers who are eager to defend their country, the state will receive a very effective army.

The transition strategy to contract service is divided into 3 stages:

mass promotion of the benefits of contract service and setting the ratio of contract soldiers / conscripts in the army in the proportion of 70/30 or 80/20, respectively;
gradual change in the ratio of contractors / conscripts to the proportion of 85/15, improvement of service conditions;
increase in salaries for contractors, transition to the ratio of contractors / conscripts to a ratio of 90/10.

It is worth noting that this strategy is in the process of being implemented. Its final result cannot be assessed in the coming years. The army, where 90% of employees are under contract, will have to wait a little longer.

Military department and alternative service in Russia

Do not forget completely legal means exemption from military service. They are not available to everyone and not quite simple, but still they exist:

work instead of service at a special enterprise that has military status;
passage military department at the university.

Very few can claim the first option. Indigenous representatives of ethnic groups, the number of representatives of which is limited, can also become employees of military enterprises. Conscripts who are not allowed to pass can also apply for this option. military service religion. At the same time, the conscript must work at the enterprise for 21 months.

Thus, there is every reason to believe that in 2019 it will remain unchanged - conscripts will have to fulfill their duty for 12 months. A change in this period is extremely unlikely, so do not worry in vain.

Video news

In accordance with our laws service life in the Russian army, since 2008, is 12 months, or 1 year!

2019 conscripts 1 year service life

Military (including the duration of its passage for all categories) is strictly regulated by the regulatory legal acts of the state, and the main one, of course, is the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

And for many years after the decrease service life up to 1 year there have been no major changes regarding the term of military service by conscription (an increase in the term of service or, conversely, a decrease) and, it seems, is not expected.

Accordingly, in the 2019-2020 draft, conscripts will serve no more than 1 calendar year. And right now you can find out how much and what period of service has already been passed.

The term of service in the army and navy will not change

About the term of service in the army 1.8 years

But nevertheless, our website for conscripts and soldiers constantly receives the same questions from conscripts (future soldiers), military conscripts, as well as their relatives and friends. The essence of all these appeals boils down to the fact that, supposedly, service life this year will increase to 1.8 years(1 year and 8 months).

What would you like to say about this. Until changes are made to the current legislation, no talk about increasing the service life is groundless. In other words, in the next year or two term of service in the army will not change and will remain as it is now 1 year.

Reducing the term of service in the army by 45 days

Or opposite questions come up about reducing the service life by 45 days. It's completely unclear where it comes from. this information, but nevertheless, every year from draft to draft, we strongly recommend that these rumors not be taken seriously. Since this information has never been confirmed. Get information only from reliable sources!

The term of service in the army will not be increased or reduced!

President on 2019 military service

Data talk about increase or decrease military service in the course of or arise primarily in connection with the legal illiteracy of our population. Also, these rumors are published, and in some cases intentionally distributed by a number of media outlets.

But for all these unfounded conversations, our Supreme Commander- President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin - made an official statement that to increase and even more so to reduce service life in 2019 not planned.

After such a statement by the first person of our state, we have nothing more to add. I hope you found the answer to your question and now you know for sure what is the term of service in the Russian army.

No. 1237 (as amended on 10.01.2009 No. 30)

Guided by the Federal Law "On Defense", I decide:
1. Approve the attached Regulations on the procedure for military service.
2. Director of the Service foreign intelligence of the Russian Federation, the heads of federal executive bodies, which include the foreign intelligence agencies of the Russian Federation, when establishing age limit stay in the military service of military personnel personnel these bodies be guided by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of April 21, 1996 No. 574 "On the procedure for establishing the age limit for the military personnel of the foreign intelligence bodies of the Russian Federation."
3. The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, together with the federal executive authorities concerned, should generalize the practice of applying in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, federal executive authorities that provide for military service, the Regulations on the procedure for military service approved by this Decree and, if necessary, in March 2000. submit to in due course suggestions for its improvement.
4. Do not apply on the territory of the Russian Federation Decrees of the Presidium Supreme Council USSR according to the list according to the appendix.
5. Recognize invalid the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of January 4, 1999 No. 4 "Issues of military service" (Sobraniye zakonodatelstva Rossiyskoy Federatsii, 1999, No. 2, Art. 264).
6. The Government of the Russian Federation shall, within 3 months, bring its regulatory legal acts in line with this Decree.

President of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin
Moscow, Kremlin September 16, 1999 No. 1237
Approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation
dated September 16, 1999 No. 1237

REGULATIONS ON THE ORDER OF MILITARY SERVICE
(as amended by Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation of 10.01.2009 No. 30)
Section I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1 General provisions about military service
1. The regulation on the procedure for performing military service determines the procedure for citizens of the Russian Federation to perform military service by conscription and on a voluntary basis (under contract) in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, military units of the State fire service Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense Affairs, emergencies and elimination of consequences of natural disasters (hereinafter referred to as the military units of the State Fire Service), provided for by the Federal Law "On Military Duty and Military Service" (hereinafter referred to as the Federal Law), in Peaceful time, the procedure for concluding a contract for military service (hereinafter referred to as the contract) and terminating it, as well as other issues that, in accordance with federal laws, are within the scope of its regulation ( ).
Features of military service during the period of mobilization, with the introduction of a state of emergency, martial law and in war time are determined by federal constitutional laws, federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
2. Military service includes appointment to military post, assignment of military rank, attestation, dismissal from military service, as well as other circumstances (events) by which, in accordance with the Federal Law, other federal laws and this Regulation, the service and legal status of military personnel is determined.
3. Military service in the Russian Federation is carried out in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law, other federal laws, these Regulations, other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation in the field of military service and the status of military personnel, as well as with international treaties of the Russian Federation in this area .
4. Servicemen who are judges of military courts, employees of military courts, employees military prosecutor's office, as well as employees of the military investigative bodies of the Investigative Committee under the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation, perform military service in accordance with the Federal Law and these Regulations, taking into account the specifics established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation regulating the activities of military courts, military prosecutors and military investigative bodies of the Investigative Committee under the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation ( p. 4 as amended. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 21, 2008 No. 1510).
5. The specifics of the entry into military service of certain categories of citizens of the Russian Federation and the passage of military service by certain categories of servicemen are established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

Article 2. Military service
1. Military service is carried out:
a) soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen - by conscription or by contract;
b) ensigns and midshipmen - under the contract;
Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of August 20, 2007 No. 1084 in this document amendments are being made, according to which, from January 1, 2010, in subparagraph "c" of paragraph 1 of Article 2, the words "by conscription or" will be deleted.
c) officers - by conscription or by contract.
2. Citizens of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as citizens) who have not completed military service, who are studying in the military educational institutions vocational education (hereinafter referred to as - military educational institutions), prior to the conclusion of the contract, have the status of military personnel undergoing military service on conscription.
3. Conscripted military personnel may be sent (including as part of a subunit, military unit, formation) to perform tasks in armed conflicts (to participate in hostilities) after they have completed military service for at least six months and after training in military specialties ( p. 3 as amended. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 15, 1999 No. 1366).

Article 3. Beginning, term and end of military service
1. The beginning of military service is considered:
a) for citizens called up for military service who were not in the reserve - the day of departure from the military commissariat of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation to the place of military service;
b) - c) became invalid from January 1, 2008. - Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 20.08.2007 No. 1084;
d) for citizens who entered military service under a contract - the day the contract comes into force;
e) for citizens who have entered military educational institutions and have not completed military service or have completed military service earlier - the day of enrollment in these educational institutions.
2. The term of military service is established:
a) for military personnel who do not have the military rank of an officer and were called up for military service before January 1, 2007, with the exception of the military personnel specified in subparagraph "c" of this paragraph - 24 months;
b) for military personnel who do not have the military rank of an officer and are called up for military service from January 1 to December 31, 2007 inclusive, with the exception of the military personnel specified in subparagraph "c" of this paragraph - 18 months;
c) for military personnel who have graduated from state, municipal or having state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties) non-state educational institutions of higher professional education, who do not have the military rank of an officer and were called up for military service before January 1, 2008 - 12 months;
d) for military personnel with military rank officer and those called up for military service before January 1, 2008 - 24 months;
e) for military personnel called up for military service after January 1, 2008 - 12 months;
f) for servicemen undergoing military service under a contract - in accordance with a contract for military service.
The term of military service is calculated from the date of commencement of military service ( p. 2 as amended. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 8, 2007 No. 303).
3. The term of military service expires:
a) for military personnel undergoing military service by conscription - on the appropriate date of the last month of the term of military service by conscription;
b) for military personnel undergoing military service under a contract - on the corresponding month and day of the last year of the contract term or on the corresponding day of the last month of the contract term, if the contract was concluded for a period of up to one year.
In cases where the expiration of the period of military service falls on a month in which there is no corresponding date, the specified period expires on the last day of this month.
4. The day of the end of military service is the day of exclusion of a serviceman from the lists of personnel of a military unit (hereinafter, under military units means military command and control bodies, bodies, military units, ships, formations, enterprises, institutions and organizations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (other troops, military formations or bodies), military units of the State Fire Service, as well as military faculties (departments) at educational institutions of higher professional education) in connection with dismissal from military service, death (death), recognition as missing or declared dead ( in red. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of April 17, 2003 No. 444).
A serviceman must be excluded from the lists of personnel of a military unit on the day of the expiration of his military service (early dismissed - no later than the end of his military service), except as otherwise established by the Federal Law and these Regulations.
The day of exclusion from the lists of personnel of a military unit is the day of completion (last day) of military service for a serviceman.
5. The term of military service does not include:
a) the period of stay of a serviceman in a disciplinary military unit;
b) the time of serving the arrest by the convicted serviceman;
c) the time of serving a disciplinary sanction in the form of arrest;
d) the time of unauthorized leaving of a military unit or place of military service lasting more than 10 days, regardless of the reasons for leaving.
6. For a convicted serviceman who has mastered a military specialty, who knows and accurately fulfills the requirements of military regulations and performs an impeccable service, who is released from a disciplinary military unit after the expiration of his term of conscription, the time spent in a disciplinary military unit may be included in the period of his military service in the manner determined by Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.
For a serviceman released from a disciplinary military unit, subject to his impeccable military service, the time spent in a disciplinary military unit may be included in the period of military service by the commander of the troops of the military district or by a commander (chief) equal and higher to him, in the manner determined by the heads of the federal executive bodies. authorities in which military service is provided.
7. The total duration of the military service of a serviceman includes the entire time of his military service, both on conscription and under contract, including in cases of re-entry into military service.
The determination of the total duration of military service is carried out on a calendar basis.
In cases established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, the total duration of military service is determined on a preferential basis.
8. For conscripted military personnel, one day of participation in hostilities or performance of tasks in armed conflicts, as well as one day of being in medical institutions as a result of injuries, contusions, injuries or illnesses received during participation in these actions or conflicts, is counted as two days of military service by conscription.

Military service is an honorable duty. The Russian army is among the strongest in the world, even according to experts from leading foreign powers. And because many young guys dream of getting into its ranks. This is facilitated by the principle of manning the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. A significant percentage of our country's army officers are contract soldiers. However, conscription service - essential condition combat readiness of the Russian Armed Forces. Consider the nuances associated with the organization of enrollment in the army of recruits.

Military service: legislative aspect

General principles reflecting the functions of the state army, as well as the duties of citizens in relation to service in the Armed Forces, are already fixed at the level of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Conscription for military service in the Russian Federation is regulated by the Federal Law "On Military Duty", adopted on July 6, 2006. This legal act regulates almost all aspects relevant to the recruitment of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation with conscripts, as well as personnel under the contract.

Specifically, conscription into the army is regulated by the 4th section of the Federal Law in question. In particular, at the very beginning, in Article 22, it is indicated who can be called up for service in the RF Armed Forces. Let's start with this aspect.

Who is to be called?

Military service by conscription is the duty of all male citizens of the Russian Federation aged 18 to 27 years. In list key criteria- being on the military register, as well as the absence of the status of being in the reserve of the Armed Forces. In turn, Russians who, in official order received exemption from the corresponding obligation, those who have a deferment, as well as citizens who, for one reason or another, are not subject to enlistment in the ranks of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Exemption from conscription

Consider the aspect regarding exemption from conscription into the army. Firstly, this is possible if a citizen is declared unfit for service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation due to his state of health. There is a list of diseases fixed by law that may be an obstacle to enrolling a person in the army. Among the key sources of relevant information is Decree of the Russian Federation No. 123, adopted on February 25, 2003. Secondly, those who are already enlisted in the Russian army, served and retired, as well as those who are serving in an alternate order. Thirdly, citizens who were already in the ranks of the Armed Forces of other states are not called up.

The Federal Law "On Military Duty" contains wordings according to which certain categories of citizens have the right to be exempt from conscription in the RF Armed Forces. So, for example, people with an official scientific degree - candidates and doctors of sciences - may not go to the army. Also, the sons or brothers of servicemen who gave their lives for their homeland during the conscription period have the right to release.

Of course, the owners degrees can join the army if they want. True, they can become conscripts only if they are not yet 27 years old. After - only on a contract basis.

Who is not eligible

There are categories of citizens for whom military service on conscription is prohibited by law. So, guys who are serving sentences in prison, those who are arrested or people with a criminal record that has not been extinguished cannot be enrolled in the ranks of the RF Armed Forces. As well as persons in respect of whom law enforcement agencies are investigating, or who will participate as defendants in a criminal trial.

Postponement

The legislation of the Russian Federation provides for an option in which conscription for military service can be postponed. Exist different kinds deferment from enrollment in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Let's consider their specifics.

Citizens who have received the status of temporarily unfit for enrollment in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation can receive a deferment. The period during which a person cannot be called up is up to one year.

Citizens who care for sick close relatives can also receive a deferment (if there is no one else to do this, and also provided that a similar function is not performed government bodies). Guardians of siblings who are under 18 also may not enlist in the military until the wards come of age.

Conscription for military service in the manner prescribed by law is transferred if a citizen has a child and he brings him up himself. Also, a man may not join the army if he has two or more children. Moreover, if the conscript has one child, but his wife is pregnant again (the term is 26 weeks or more), then a delay is also given. The same applies to a citizen raising a child with a disability who is under 3 years old.

If a person serves in law enforcement agencies, fire service, at customs - provided that he studied at specialized departmental educational structures- then for the period of work in the relevant institutions, he can exercise the right not to join the army. True, in this case, a citizen must have a special rank.

The State Duma deputies, as well as the parliamentary structures of the subjects of the federation and municipalities. Similarly, mayors of cities and heads of districts are also temporarily exempted from service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation - while they are in their respective positions. It can be noted that candidates for the state and municipal posts under consideration also receive a delay - while they participate in the elections.

Among the most common grounds for deferment is training in educational institutions. If a person receives a secondary education, then he may not join the army until the age of 20. If at a university, it is released for the entire time of study. Or while it's up to date statutory age of conscription. Similarly - if a person is studying in graduate school. Thus, students are not called up for military service, but only if their status (as a student of one or another institution) at the time of the enrollment campaign in the army is confirmed. But if they are expelled, then the military registration and enlistment office will send them a summons during the period of the autumn or spring conscription.

Another option, in which enrollment in the RF Armed Forces may be postponed: a Russian citizen of draft age, fit for the army and having no reason for delays, is abroad. Of course, the military registration and enlistment office has no right to call him from abroad. However, upon the return of a person from abroad during the period of spring or autumn conscription, the relevant structures may well hand him a summons.

Terms of the call

The organization of conscription for military service is carried out in certain deadlines. This happens twice a year. From April 1st to July 15th spring call. The legal basis for it is the corresponding decree of the President of the Russian Federation. From October 1 to December 31 organized autumn call. The indicated terms may differ in relation to campaigns for the enrollment of citizens of the Russian Federation into the army in some regions of the Far North or in territories equated to them. There, the spring conscription runs from May 1 to July 15. Similarly, if a person works as a teacher. Autumn call for Far North and equivalent territories - from November 1 to October 31. That is, the corresponding terms are noticeably reduced. It is also determined by law that the autumn conscription for citizens who are engaged in agricultural work takes place from October 15 to December 31.

Aspects of the organization

Consider aspects related to the organization of the draft of Russians into the army. The first stage is to ensure the appearance of a citizen for a medical examination and the subsequent meeting of the territorial draft commission responsible for enrolling recruits in the RF Armed Forces. Further, within the time limits approved by law, the conscript must appear at the military registration and enlistment office at the place of registration, and then go to the place of service. Communications between the military commissariat and citizens who are subject to conscription are carried out through subpoenas.

In addition to the draft commission, the conscription of citizens for military service implies the participation of a number of other structures. Which ones? First of all, it is the higher draft commission of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. Also, if the draft board determines that a person is intentionally avoiding the army, then a transfer is initiated necessary information on the identity of the conscript to the competent law enforcement.

The activities of the territorial conscription commission

Let us consider what is the procedure for conscription of citizens of the Russian Federation in the aspect of the activities of the relevant commission. What are the responsibilities of this structure? First of all, this is the adoption, upon the fact of the study of personal information about the recruit (mainly of a medical nature), decisions related to service general order or in an alternative way, by granting a deferment, exempting a person from enlisting in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, or placing a citizen in the reserve.

The commission determines to which branch of the military a citizen enrolled in the army should be sent. Decisions made by the structure in question are recorded within the framework of the document prescribed form. The conscript may request a copy of it. The decision of the draft board can be appealed to higher structures. Actually, it will be useful to consider the specifics of the work of the relevant bodies in more detail.

Features of commissions at the level of subjects

Conscription commissions, therefore, exist not only at the level of municipal territories, but also in relation to the political structure of the subject of the federation. In practice, this can already be seen in the example of the principles for the formation of such departments. In particular, draft commissions at the level of a subject of the federation are formed by the highest official region. The specifics of the activity of these structures is to some extent similar to the work of territorial commissions. Thus, the competence of the institutions under consideration includes a medical examination, an examination for possible exemption from military service, as well as work with statements from citizens who believe that the draft commission at a lower level did not work quite well (in the aspect of making a decision on their suitability for service).

Commissions at the level of subjects also develop various guidelines concerning the activities of lower structures in the military registration and enlistment offices, check whether deferrals are correctly granted, whether the criteria for exempting citizens from enlistment in the army are correctly understood by the employees of local draft commissions. The institutions under review also test the validity of the decisions of local structures, reflecting the geography of the distribution of recruits to duty stations.

Conscription commissions working at the level of subjects have the right to cancel decisions made by lower structures. In this case, the relevant institution accepts one of the alternatives. That is, if, for example, the decision regarding the determination of a citizen unfit for service is canceled, then a scenario is immediately drawn up, connected, for example, with enrolling a person in the army by serving a subpoena.

In turn, if the conscript does not agree with the decision of the commission at the level of the subject of the Russian Federation, then he can appeal it through the courts. At the same time, the scenarios determined by the institution cannot be implemented until the result of the court hearing comes into force.

If a summons has arrived

Conscription implies that a citizen must treat enrollment in the army as a duty. It can be noted that the summons from the military registration and enlistment office is not just a formality, but a document directly instructing a person to appear at the appropriate authority for a medical examination. You need to get it on receipt. If a person ignores the contents of the agenda, then a case on evasion of conscription into the Russian army can be legally initiated against him.

How long do you need to serve in the army?

Now the term of military service by conscription is one year. This, it must be said, is historically one of the shortest periods. For example, before 2007, it was necessary to serve twice as long as now. There was a relatively short period, from 1993 to 1996, when Russians were drafted into the army for a year and a half. But then the term for performing military duty in the Armed Forces increased. Since 2007, a gradual transition to the service within one year began.

Features of service in the Russian army

Military personnel are citizens who have a special status. If a person was drafted into the army, he also has the basic rights and obligations of the corresponding category of persons. In particular, service in the RF Armed Forces is often associated with working with information containing state secret. Military personnel do not have the right to participate in various actions and strikes. At the same time, it is worth noting that the range of rights and obligations of conscript soldiers and officers who are in the army under a contract differs significantly in a number of positions.

Conscription into the army, along with the contract form of enrollment of military personnel, is a key mechanism for recruiting the composition of the RF Armed Forces. There is evidence that in the foreseeable future the composition of the Russian Armed Forces will also be replenished with citizens foreign states. But so far, a successful conscription is among the key factors in the country's defense capability. And that is why the military commissariats, organizing the spring and autumn conscription commissions, approach their work with special responsibility.

Traditionally service in Russian army considered an honorable duty. And it may not only be military training. Conscripts who serve in the military may, in some cases, take part in actual combat operations. At the same time, the features of conscription military service involve mainly active preparatory work. This can be done, among other things, through the participation of soldiers in military exercises, which, in last years are carried out in the army of the Russian Federation quite regularly and on a fairly large scale.

Military service principles

Service in the army is, first of all, order. Which is reinforced by the unquestioning principle of "orders are not discussed." Unity of command - another the most important aspect army order, and it is enshrined in the Charter of the Armed Forces of Russia. The commander has full administrative power over his subordinates, subject to personal responsibility for his actions.

Among the key ones ensuring the functioning of the Russian Armed Forces is the Federal Law "On Defense". It contains provisions that reflect how the interaction of certain structures of power should be carried out in solving problems related to the protection of the sovereignty of the state. Another significant law is "On the status of servicemen."

The above-mentioned Federal Law "On Military Duty" is also on the list of the most important ones. At the very beginning of the article, we noted that the Constitution of the Russian Federation can also be attributed to the number of fundamental sources of law in terms of organizing the army. The 59th article of the basic law of Russia says that the defense of the Fatherland is the duty and obligation of every citizen of the country.

Classification of statutes

Documents regulating the course of military service, the life of soldiers, the principles of conducting combat operations in the army of the Russian Federation - charters. In the modern Russian Armed Forces there are several types of corresponding sources - combat and general military. What are their features?

The charters, referred to as general military, establish principles common to all branches of the Russian Armed Forces, according to which relations between officers, their rights and obligations should be built. During the period of conscription for military service, the recruit is required to familiarize himself with the relevant principles. What kind of documents refer to general military? First of all, this is the Charter of the Internal Service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. A similar document also functions in relation to the garrison and guard structures of the army. There are disciplinary and drill charters of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

In turn, there are relevant documents that belong to the category of combat. Such charters are based on the key formulations of the national military doctrine of the Russian Federation, as well as the experience of conducting combat operations. This kind of sources can be used in the course of the practical involvement of the army in war conditions.