What does internal conflict mean? Causes of intrapersonal conflict and its solution

Our inner world is a complex structure, and the older we are, the stronger it is. We accumulate positive and negative experience in ourselves, with which we have to live, reckon and carry, sometimes unconsciously, into our future. Sometimes our "accumulations" turn into blockages and do not allow us to move to a new level. There is an internal conflict!

Where do internal conflicts come from?

Everything that happens around us and directly with us, our brain carefully records and analyzes. Set aside as an invaluable experience in our consciousness and subconscious. If we are faced with a situation in which we could not behave properly and did not cope with the circumstances, then this was fixed in our subconscious as a negative experience, as well as a point of danger that could lead to sad consequences.

Emotions, experiences are clamped down, this can also manifest itself on the physical level. Blocking occurs negative experience, but he does not go anywhere, manifesting himself in vague doubts, fears, insecurity in himself and his actions.

How to recognize your inner conflict

There are 5 types of internal conflicts:

Are you trying to reach unattainable goal. A blank wall has grown between you and your goal. You are not interested in a different path, a different development of the situation, and you continue to beat at the "closed door", losing the rest of your health and energy.
You reject the object or state striving towards you. You also build an impenetrable wall and hide behind it from attacks that frighten you from the outside.
You simultaneously strive for your goal (object) and reject. As they say, "and you want, and it pricks."
You are striving for two desired objects (goals) at the same time. It is difficult to make a choice, and this deprives you of inner balance and tranquility. Energy is spent not on achieving a single chosen goal, but on analysis, doubts, fears, comparisons. This kind of conflict is difficult for the psyche.
You vote "against all", rejecting possible elections. The conflict arises from a general overload of information, when there is no longer enough energy even for an elementary analysis of the situation, and the simplest way out is to reject everyone.

It should be noted that any reaction to a circumstance that leads to an internal conflict is not its solution. Closing yourself with a blank wall, you do not experience relief, but only adapt to this circumstance. This leads to a dead end, as it does not allow you to build normal healthy relationships with the people around you and does not allow you to feel truly free.

How to deal with internal conflict

Each of us carries an individual experience. The elimination of internal conflicts must be approached very carefully, almost with jewelry accuracy. It is best to take the help of specialists, but there are also general rules.

With minor changes, you can correct the old image of yourself. But if you are going through major changes in your life, then the old script will no longer work. Life will prove to you that everything you know about yourself is not eternal.

To eliminate your experiences, you need to completely change the old worldview: get rid of the old understanding and create a completely new one. Destroy the past script and start over. It is especially important to monitor your emotions, since it is your individual emotional coloring that does not allow you to solve the problem in a different way, less familiar to you. If you change your emotions, your perception of the problem will change as well.

Realize that you are the problem. If so, then you are the solution. People, when faced with a problem, most often tighten up instead of relaxing. Accept what is happening to you. Following the example of aikido: If you are tense, then it is easy to defeat you, put you on the ground using your own energy, but if you do not fight, then you can be absolutely sure that nothing bad will happen to you. Turn your problem into a solution, and you will feel a surge of energy and strength.

Intrapersonal conflict is a contradictory state of a person, which is characterized by general fatigue, depression, psychological discomfort and impotence. Intrapersonal conflict is manifested in the fact that a person cannot find balance within himself, right ways solutions to worrying problems. It seems that the spirit of contradiction is tearing him apart from the inside: he is constantly rushing about in search of a suitable option, but he cannot find a way out. What are the reasons for this conflict? What is it characterized by, what are the ways to resolve it?

Causes of intrapersonal conflicts

The conflict caused by the internal contradictions of the individual has its own reasons. It can never appear out of nowhere. There are plenty of reasons for the development of intrapersonal conflict.

Dissatisfaction with life

The first reason for developing conflict with oneself is the feeling of inner emptiness. A person has a feeling of some spiritual hopelessness, which is based, most often, on insignificant facts. As a rule, some external circumstances contribute to the development of disbelief in oneself and one's own capabilities, and hinder effective progress. Dissatisfaction with life is the reason why often a person does not try to change anything in his existence. He exists whole line limiting beliefs, such as: "No one loves me", "No one is interested in me", "I have no talent, special gifts"

Hence the unwillingness to act at all. An intrapersonal conflict caused by dissatisfaction with life cannot be quickly resolved. It will take a lot of time and patience for a person to realize his own disorder, the lack of free positive energy.

Impossibility of self-realization

Another common reason for the development of intrapersonal conflict is the inability to live according to own rules. Not everyone initially has equal opportunities in order to fully realize their potential. One person is hindered by external circumstances. The other person is unable to get around significant obstacles on the way to the goal and therefore gradually loses his bearings. Intrapersonal conflict is a reflection of discord with one's own essence. When a person cannot understand what is most important for him in life, experiences significant difficulties in setting priorities, he is unable to make the right decision.

The impossibility of self-realization is a serious reason that impedes personal growth in general and the understanding of one's strengths in particular. If a person is in deep conflict with himself, then it is quite difficult for him to determine his true values. In this case, all prospects are lost, many opportunities are missed that could lead to the most desired result.

Low self-esteem

Often the development of intrapersonal conflict contributes to inadequately low self-esteem. For some reason, a person ceases to believe in his own prospects and opportunities, does not notice his strengths. Usually, low self-esteem is the result of improper upbringing, when the influence of parents becomes a kind of directive and does not imply any alternatives. The conflict develops when a person ceases to be aware of what is happening to him, crushes his natural aspirations and desires. Intrapersonal conflict, as a rule, proceeds for several months or even years. During this period, a person must realize what is happening to him, find ways out of the crisis, outline several ways for himself to advance in the future. If the resolution of the conflict related to one's own "I" and self-realization does not occur in time, a person runs the risk of losing the best part of himself, becoming indifferent to everything.

Types of intrapersonal conflicts

The presence of any conflict must be approached as a problem that needs to be solved. Types of intrapersonal conflict show what initially caused the emergence and subsequent formation of a significant contradiction in a person. In a relationship with oneself are important various conditions, with the help of which a person achieves a state of integrity. Unfortunately, even a minor obstacle on the path of life can break harmony.

Equivalent type

The conflict is expressed in the desire to preserve for oneself significant conditions of peace of mind and at the same time not to lose an important reference point. Most often, such a collision occurs as a result of the urgent need to make a conscious choice between the past and the present. Conflict forces the personality to reconsider own attitude to certain conditions of existence. It is exacerbated by the fact that there is a need to choose between two equivalent values. A person can sometimes be in thought for a long time, painfully trying to take the right step. As a rule, such a conflict implies that, giving preference to one event, we finally reject another, which is of no less importance.

vital type

The conflict manifests itself through unpleasant obligations that a person takes on his shoulders at a certain point in his life. The vital type is characterized by a loss of interest in one's own personality and in those activities that previously constituted a significant basis for existence. It is not solved by the usual methods of influencing the problem. A person is forced to spend a long time in an exhausting search before he dares to take a concrete step. As a rule, he is conscious and balanced. The conflict arises because a person has to make a choice between two equally unsatisfactory objects. In most cases, people tend to minimize their losses, so they prefer to focus on the lesser evil.

Ambivalent type

This person with himself implies that the choice is especially difficult to make. A person understands how serious the consequences of a wrong step can be and therefore is very afraid of the possibility of making a mistake. The ambivalent situation assumes that the result of actions somehow attracts and, at the same time, repels. In any case, the individual will have to overcome the conflict. A contradictory state does not at all contribute to the development of harmony within a person. If the conflict is not resolved in time, then additional suffering will appear due to some kind of hidden internal unfulfillment.

frustrating type

The conflict appears as a result of disapproval by society of specific actions of the individual, aimed at obtaining a particular result. The conflict manifests itself through the impossibility for the individual to do what is of significant interest to her. There is practically no freedom of choice here. A person who is in a state of pronounced frustration is necessarily in a struggle with himself. The inability to solve the problem alone eventually leads to conflict with the outside world.

Resolution of intrapersonal conflict

Intrapersonal conflict is a very dangerous thing. In many ways, it often prevents the formation of individuality, the disclosure of talents and abilities. A person in this state often does not notice what is happening to him. Suffering gradually becomes an integral part of his habitual existence. The resolution of an intrapersonal conflict leads to the disclosure of the true capabilities of a person, contributes to the establishment of relationships with loved ones. Suddenly, significant prospects appear that for some reason were not noticed before. What are the ways to resolve the internal conflict?

Compromise

Achieving a compromise with oneself implies that a person will constantly work on shortcomings, try in every possible way to eradicate them. Many conflicts were resolved through compromise. Find in yourself those traits that you yourself find useful. These qualities of character will need to be cultivated in oneself to a confident state. The conflict is minimized and will gradually disappear altogether.

Recognizing your strengths

Of course, each of us has them. In most cases, a person tends to ignore his own victories and achievements. This approach to life allows him to constantly complain about the lack of opportunities. Meanwhile, opportunities are hidden everywhere, you just need to be able to see them in time. Intrapersonal conflict always reflects the unfair attitude of a person towards his own person. Check yourself, are you diminishing your achievements? Recognizing one's strengths will help not only to resolve a pressing conflict, but also to qualitatively improve life, to bring a lot of bright colors into it. Try to take the position “I am a value”, then you will not have to constantly prove to others your importance. Relatives, colleagues, friends from afar will recognize your personality and will not allow themselves more offensive statements addressed to you. Believe me the strong man is the one who is able to realize his true nature to gain self-respect. That is why we are respected by others.

Understanding your purpose

Conflict with oneself is always incredibly exhausting. It's like a battle that has no winners. People are sometimes ready to adapt to the demands of society and shift responsibility for their own destiny onto someone else's shoulders. Only the understanding of one's true purpose in more turns a person towards himself. It becomes difficult to confuse such a person, to impose some kind of opinion on her. If you want to be happy, find your favorite thing that will inspire new achievements, give a lot of positive emotions. The resulting impressions will help to cope with any difficulties, resolve intrapersonal conflict.

Thus, there is always an opportunity in conflict. personal growth. The more efforts we make to overcome the contradiction, the more noticeable the final result will be. It is extremely important for a person to be able to deal with his internal conflicts in time in order to fully move forward and go through life with his head held high.

Man is a complex being that needs to be studied. Scientists not only pay attention to study the human body, but also understand the importance of internal psychological world. A person may be in conflict with himself. The article considers the concept, its types, causes of appearance, methods of resolution and consequences.

What is intrapersonal conflict?

In the life of every person there are intrapersonal conflicts. What it is? This is a contradiction within oneself, which is based on equivalent and at the same time opposite needs, desires, interests.

It is very easy to get confused in your own desires. On the one hand, a person may want to take revenge, on the other hand, he understands that his actions will harm his peaceful existence. On the one hand, a person wants to be rich, on the other hand, he is afraid of being bad in the eyes of others.

When a person faces a choice where one should choose something that is equivalent in importance to another, but opposite to it, then he enters into an intrapersonal conflict.

Developments can go in one of two directions:

A person will rapidly begin to develop if he mobilizes his own potential and begins to solve his problem.
A person will find himself in a "dead end", where he will drive himself, because he will not be able to make a choice and will not begin to act.

It is quite normal for a person to have a struggle within himself. Everyone lives in a world where there is so much truth. From childhood, everyone is taught that there can be only one truth, and everything else is a lie. A person gets used to living one-sidedly. However, he is not a "blind kitten", he sees that there are many realities in which people live.

Morality and desires, beliefs and actions, public opinion and one's own needs often come into conflict. So, a person may want to be a pianist, and his parents, whom he loves very much, want him to be an accountant. In such a situation, often a person chooses the “parental” path, and not his own, which leads to an unhappy life.

The concept of intrapersonal conflict

The concept of intrapersonal conflict is a confrontation that occurs within a person between two motives that are equivalent and opposite in direction. All this is accompanied by various experiences (fear, depression, disorientation), in which a person may not notice or deny them, replacing his state with active activity.

Quite a lot of psychologists have studied this topic in order to understand the motives and mechanisms for the development of intrapersonal conflict. It all started with Z. Freud, who defined this concept as a struggle between instinctive desires and sociocultural foundations, between the conscious and the subconscious.

Other concepts of intrapersonal conflict are:

The clash between the real "I" and perfect performance About Me.
The struggle between equivalent values, among which the highest is self-realization.
The crisis of transition to a new state, when the old struggles with the new and is rejected.

Psychologists believe that intrapersonal conflict is a completely normal state for a person who, by nature, is a contradictory being. Everyone has periods in his life when he inevitably faces what he already has, and what he can have if he loses what he has.

The result of permission is the transition of a person to new level where he uses old experience and develops a new one. However, people often give up development in order to preserve what they already have. This is called degradation. This can also be a way out of the situation if a person sees something in the “new life” that can significantly worsen his integrity, safety, and independence.

Causes of intrapersonal conflict

There are many reasons for the development of intrapersonal conflict. Three main reasons are:

Causes that lurk in the contradictions of personality.
Causes associated with the status of the individual in society.
Causes related to the status of an individual in a particular social group.

These reasons are interrelated. Often, internal conflicts arise against the backdrop of the emergence external factors, as well as vice versa. The more reasonable, understanding and complex in structure a person is, the more he is prone to internal conflicts, since he will strive to combine the incompatible.

Here are the contradictions on the basis of which intrapersonal conflicts arise:

Between social norms and needs.
Confrontation social roles(for example, take the child to kindergarten and at the same time do the work).
Mismatch of motives, interests, needs.
Inconsistency between moral principles (for example, go to war and adhere to the principle "do not kill").

The most important factor that provokes an intrapersonal conflict is the equivalence for a person of those directions at the crossroads of which he is. If for an individual one of the options does not play important role, then there will be no confrontation: he will quickly make a choice in favor of the option that is most significant for him. The conflict begins when both options are important, significant and practically equivalent.

Contradictions that arise within a person due to status in a group:

Physical obstacles that are organized by other people and interfere with the satisfaction of their personal needs.
Biological problems that do not allow a person to show their full potential.
The inability to realize their need to achieve the desired sensations.
Excessive responsibility and limited human rights that prevent him from doing his job.
Between working conditions and job requirements.
Between professionalism, culture, norms and personal needs, values.
Between incompatible tasks.
Between the desire for profit and moral values.
Between a clearly defined task and the vagueness of its implementation.
Between career ambition and personal ability within an organization.

Types of intrapersonal conflict

The classification of intrapersonal conflict was proposed by K. Levin, who identified the following types:

Equivalent - the need to perform two or more significant tasks. In this case, a compromise is effective when partial substitution occurs.
Vital - the need to make equally unattractive decisions.
Ambivalent - when the actions taken and the results achieved are equally attractive and repulsive.
Frustrating - when actions taken or decisions made help achieve the desired, but contradict moral values, social norms and rules.

Another classification of types of intrapersonal conflicts is based on the value-motivational sphere of a person:

Motivational conflict occurs when two equally equivalent tendencies come into conflict that contradict each other.
A moral contradiction (normative conflict) arises when personal needs and moral principles, internal aspirations and external duty oppose.
A conflict of unfulfilled desires is when a person cannot achieve his goal due to external barriers.
Role conflict occurs when it is necessary to perform several roles at once, and also when external requirements are not consistent with the internal understanding of the performance of one role.
Adaptation conflict appears when internal needs and external social demands come into conflict.
The conflict of inadequate self-esteem is formed when the opinions of others do not coincide with the opinion of a person about himself.

Resolution of intrapersonal conflict

Psychologists not only considered the mechanism of development of intrapersonal conflict, but also looked for ways to resolve it. It is believed that a person is formed during the first 5 years of his life. During this period, he is faced with many negative external factors that develop complexes in him, or a feeling of inferiority.

In the future, a person is only looking for convenient ways to compensate for this feeling. Adler identified two such methods:

Working out social interest and feeling, which can manifest itself in the development of professional skills, alcoholism, drug addiction, etc.
Stimulation of one's own potential, achieving superiority over the environment. This is done in the following ways:

Adequate compensation - matching superiority with social interests.
Overcompensation is the hypertrophied development of a specific quality.
Imaginary compensation - external circumstances compensate for the feeling of inferiority.

M. Deutsch singled out open and latent forms of resolving an intrapersonal conflict:

Open:

Decision-making.
Fixation on problem solving.
End of doubt.

Latent:

Simulation, hysteria, torment.
Escape from reality into dreams, fantasies.
Compensation is the replacement of what is not achieved by other goals.
Regression - renunciation of desires, avoidance of responsibility, transition to primitive forms of existence.
Sublimation.
Nomadism - change of permanent residence, work.
Neurasthenia.
Projection - not noticing one's own negative qualities by attributing them to other people.
Rationalization - self-justification, finding selective logical conclusions.
Idealization.
Euphoria is contrived fun.
Differentiation is the separation of thinking from the author.

Understanding these mechanisms is necessary for a successful exit from the intrapersonal conflict that occurs in absolutely all people.

Consequences of intrapersonal conflict

Depending on what ways a person gets out of his intrapersonal conflict, given period can be marked by self-improvement of the personality or its degradation. Consequences are conventionally divided into positive and negative.

Positive consequences arise when a person solves his intrapersonal question. He does not run away from the problem, he knows himself, he understands the causes of the conflict. Sometimes it turns out to satisfy two parties at the same time, sometimes man goes to compromise or must completely abandon one in order to realize the other. If a person resolves his conflict, then he becomes more perfect, achieves positive results.

Negative (destructive) consequences are the results when a person begins to be psychologically suppressed. There is a splitting of the personality, neurotic qualities arise, crises occur.

How more human touched by internal conflicts, the more he is subject not only to the consequences in the form of the destruction of relationships, dismissal from work, deterioration of activity, but also to qualitative changes in his personality:

Irritability.
Anxiety.
Anxiety.

Often these conflicts lead to psychological illness. All this suggests that a person does not solve the problem, but suffers from it, avoids it, tries to run away or not notice, but it worries and worries him.

A person is not able to escape from himself, so the need to resolve an intrapersonal conflict is the main one. Depending on the accepted by man decision, he will get one result or another.

Outcome

A person is a complex of beliefs, rules, frameworks, desires, interests, needs and other attitudes, some of which are instinctive, some are personally developed, and the rest are social. Usually a person tries to satisfy all the needs at the same time, which are embedded in him. However, the result of such a desire is an intrapersonal conflict.

A person struggles with his own desires, interests or needs, because he tries to be everywhere and everywhere, to live for the sake of all desires, not to upset anyone, including himself. However, this becomes impossible within the real world. It is the realization of one's own inability to satisfy all one's needs that provokes negative feelings.

A person must cope with his own experiences in order to begin to deal with the problem that has arisen, and not further cultivate a sense of inferiority in himself. You should start by studying the two opposing forces that cause internal conflict, and then decide how to eliminate it.

1. Contradictions in the body. Those. chronic diseases. In our time, there is hardly a single completely healthy individual in the world. But, if you do not have genetic anomalies, and your age is not too respectable, it is quite possible to achieve at least your body did not create permanent inconvenience to himself. healthy image life; balanced nutrition (only natural products, no canned food and surrogates); attention to your health; knowledge of the characteristics of one's body and a critical attitude to general recommendations types of physical exercises and separate nutrition, which are not useful for everyone; - and the result will not keep you waiting.

2. Contradictions in personality. This is the most diverse type of contradiction. The personality is not a monolithic whole; it has four components:

eid- subconscious biological (animal) entity: physiological needs, instincts, etc.;

Ego- conscious rational entity: awareness of the external world, thinking, will;

Superego- prepared options for actions in standard situations;

Superid- subconscious attitudes, behavior patterns instilled in childhood, the collective unconscious.

Almost every person has conflicts between different parts of his personality, usually between the Ego and the Superid, and also between the Id and the Superego. Ego wants to take a seat on the bus, but Superid slows him down with the instruction that he must yield to the old people - so he has to stand. At the same time, Eid wants to cuddle a pretty girl, standing next to but the Superego says it shouldn't be done...

The distribution of an individual's characteristics among the four components of personality is not a permanent, set once and for all. Thus, often repeated conscious actions become subconscious. If the ego wants to drink all the time, then sooner or later this desire turns into the id, and this is called alcoholism. If a child is hammered a hundred times with the Superego's mindset that it is necessary to give way to old people, it becomes subconscious and passes from the Superego to the Superid. At the same time, the reverse transition is quite possible: awareness of subconscious urges and control over them. This is how people quit smoking, for example. And in the same way the individual can achieve harmony within his personality.

First you need to know and love yourself. Ignorance of oneself and disgust for some aspects of one's personality - this is the main feature of a social person. No wonder: if a person knew the real reasons for all his actions and loved himself in all his manifestations, he would cease to be social, since society is very far from harmony. Therefore, popular books on psychology do not require a person to know himself; their recommendations boil down, in fact, to fitting the Ego to the Superego and the Id to the Superid. Our task is to reconcile the conflicting parties within our personality, and not to suppress one of them. Therefore, it is necessary to get to know each of the parties better, understand its aspirations and build reasonable relations between them.

It is difficult to formulate in a nutshell any specific recommendations on this matter: this is a topic for a big book. The only thing I would like to advise is: follow your individuality, and not some schemes and patterns.

3. Contradictions in the worldview. They arise from the uncritical perception of ideas from the outside world. For example, a person believes that everyone needs individual approach, but at the same time judges other people by skin color or other non-individual factors. It's just that somewhere he heard about an individual approach, and he liked it. He also met formulaic opinions about different races, and he liked it too. And the idea that one is weakly compatible with the other somehow did not come to mind.

You have to create your own philosophy instead of a formless set of ideas. This is both interesting and useful for achieving harmony. And also in order to better know yourself: why exactly such ideas arouse sympathy in you. By the way, contradictions in worldview can also provoke conflict within the personality, as they create mutually exclusive attitudes of the Superego.

In addition, the outlook of the individual changes over time, and this is a completely natural process of development. One should not try to be "consistent" and cling to old ideas that contradict new ones. Times are changing, and we are changing with them.

4. Contradictions in lifestyle. They arise when a person wants to be someone, but he has not yet decided who. Therefore, in different situations, he plays different roles. But since each role requires some external features, it turns out a funny hybrid like a punk in a jacket and tie ...

The conclusion is obvious: you need to be yourself. Why do you need to know who you are again?

To be a bright personality, it is not at all necessary to wear a mohawk or somehow stand out in appearance.

Of course, social life sometimes requires playing public roles. But at the same time, one should always be clearly aware: where are you - "real", and where - pretend to be different for the good of the cause ( controlled stupidity , according to Castaneda).

5. Contradictions between the organism and the personality. Those. inadequate personality assessment physical abilities organism. For example, a person for some reason considers himself a musician or an artist and stubbornly tries to realize himself in this capacity, despite the fact that he actually does not have the corresponding abilities.

To avoid such a contradiction, you need to know yourself well. In particular, to know: a) what I am capable of now, b) what I can potentially achieve in the future, c) what I cannot achieve even if I spend my whole life on it.

Development is a movement from (a) to (b), and not a waste of energy trying to achieve goals that do not justify the money spent or for which there are no funds.

6. Contradictions between the organism and the worldview. A very common and extremely unpleasant form of internal contradictions, when a person’s worldview implies dislike for own body and his needs or misunderstanding them. Almost all mass religions create this contradiction. However, if you are not an adherent of such religions, this does not mean that this contradiction has bypassed you. The idea that a "sentient being" should suppress their instincts (instead of just controlling them) is also widely held. Vegetarianism and various systems of "proper nutrition" can also create this kind of controversy, as they are not suitable for everyone. And a harmonious individual has love for his body and knowledge of his individual characteristics are one of the basic points of his personal philosophy.

Real life is much more complicated than the rough schemes that society tries on.

In addition, times are changing, and modern man needs for life not at all what his ancestors, who lived in a primitive society, required.

7. Contradictions between the body and lifestyle. Also a common occurrence. For example, a person knows that he has a genetic predisposition to lung cancer - and yet smokes. The reason may be insufficient willpower, but most often it is a disregard for one's body, formed under the influence of monotheistic morality. About the love of a harmonious individual to his body has already been said more than once. The meaning of life is not to drink, smoke or act like everyone else. It is quite realistic to avoid what is clearly harmful to you, again, without going too far (a healthy person can drink).

8. Contradictions between personality and worldview. They arise when a person seeks to keep his old worldview unchanged, while his personality has already changed. For example: in childhood, his parents inspired him with the ideas of Marxism-Leninism, coupled with the idea that if he moves away from these ideas, he will thereby betray his parents, etc.; so he continues to interpret everything from the angle of these ideas, although his inner essence protests against this ...

But still more often there are contradictions between the personality and the declared, rather than a real worldview. For example, a person wants to appear strong in the eyes of others and therefore preaches the idea of an "absolutely free" society living according to the law of the jungle. However, this misses the fact that he himself would not have survived in such a society.

The best way to check the ideas for their correspondence with the personality of the author - to apply them to him. Especially often those ideas that are borrowed from external source. While the real worldview of a harmonious individual is formulated by him.

9. Contradictions between personality and lifestyle. One cannot be called harmonious who has a deep disgust for the work that he goes to every morning. We do not always like our life, but usually this is due to the fact that we do not make enough efforts to change it in the direction we need. Psychologists advise to change not life, but attitude to life ("Our life is what we think about it" © D. Carnegie), but this is acceptable only if a negative attitude towards one's life is caused by some kind of neurosis, those. conflict within the individual. If the personality is already harmonized, then it is more logical to change the way of life than to adjust the harmonious component of the individuality to the inharmonious one.

Another kind of contradiction between personality and way of life is the constant desire to prove something to someone or to do something to spite him. It arises from exposure to the influence of others. To get rid of such a problem, it is enough to realize this fact and understand that the illusory "struggle" with others absorbs time and effort that could be spent on achieving one's personal goals.

10. Contradictions between worldview and lifestyle(“a shoemaker without boots”) Quite often we see how supporters of a certain philosophy are in no hurry to follow it in their lives. The propagandist of "spiritual values" spends 99% of his efforts on making money; he who sings odes to freedom and independence himself depends on everyone and everything; etc. The answer is simple: their philosophy is for others, not for themselves; they never developed their own personal worldview.

Pay attention to the pattern: the most important factor is the body, then in descending order of importance are the personality, worldview and lifestyle.

Therefore, the contradictions between them are resolved in favor of a more important factor: the conflict of the body and worldview - in favor of the body, the conflict of personality and lifestyle - in favor of the individual, etc. Society, on the other hand, adheres to the opposite order of values: for it, the most important thing is that a person leads a certain way of life, then that his worldview is within the limits set by society, society is almost not interested in a person’s personality, and society does not give a damn about his body.

Let's bring together ideas and specific recommendations for achieving harmony: know yourself; love your body; to have in his personality a certain boundary beyond which the influence of others is not missed; bring subconscious desires under the control of consciousness; develop your own philosophy; any of their philosophical ideas "to test for yourself"; be critical of any non-individual recommendations; be yourself, play no part without emergency; live for yourself, and not to spite others; develop their potential abilities; balance ends and means; avoid extremes and extremism; live in such a way as to be generally satisfied with your life.

Interaction of a harmonious individual with the external environment. Interactions of an individual with the external environment are the interactions of two systems of a different order. Accordingly, each of these systems can be harmonious or inharmonious. Thus, 4 types of interactions are possible.

Inharmonious individual + inharmonious environment. This is either a life-and-death battle, or, oddly enough, constructive interaction up to harmonization - in the event that this individual and this environment, as they say, are created for each other. There is also the option that these systems simply do not intersect.

Harmonious individual + harmonious environment. Either they will complement and mutually develop each other, and then the individual will fit into the environment and be a member of a harmonious group, or they, like parallel lines, simply will not intersect. If a harmonious individual observes a harmonious environment in which he does not see a niche for himself, he will turn his back on such an environment and go to create for himself a different environment that he needs.

Harmonious individual + inharmonious environment. The most relevant case for us. Here everything will depend on the volume and degree of disharmony of the environment, on the one hand, and on the personal strength of the individual, on the other. If: a) the environment is small (for example, a work team of about 10 people), b) the conflict within it is not serious, and c) the individual assesses his resources as sufficient for harmonization and the result of such harmonization as expedient, he, for the sake of his personal goals, can engage in harmonization. Sometimes it is enough for a harmonious individual to enter such an environment so that it harmonizes simply from his presence. But if there is a conceptual conflict or a conflict of goals between the elements of the environment, or if the scope of the interaction environment is too wide, then the most reasonable thing is to reduce interaction with the environment to a minimum, and let it gnaw on itself. To adapt to life in such an environment is tantamount to self-poisoning.

Society as a whole cannot be considered as a single environment, because it is very heterogeneous, and different groups of people differ greatly in the parameter of harmony.

Therefore, it will be most natural for a harmonious individual to choose a group with which he harmonizes himself as much as possible and, if possible, internally harmonious.

In contacts with other groups of people, a harmonious individual chooses such ways of interaction that contribute to mutual harmonization and avoid that which would lead to the opposite effect. That is: 1) a harmonious individual finds a way either to harmonize the environment, or to minimize the disharmonizing influence of the environment on himself; 2) a harmonious individual does not tend to conflict with an environment that is disharmonious in relation to him, complain about the environment, write off his problems and failures on it.

The worldview of a harmonious individual. Worldview is a person's way of perceiving the world around him. Namely individuals: there can be no collective worldviews. The worldviews of two people who harmonize with each other can be very similar, but cannot be identical by definition. And even among different followers of the same totalitarian ideology, their view of the world is at least slightly different.

The very idea of the individual nature of the worldview looks unusual for the average person, since the worldviews of most people are formed under strong egregor influence. This influence affects: on the one hand, the personality itself, introducing into its consciousness and subconsciousness programmed schemes of reaction to signals of a certain kind; on the other hand, the person's perception of information from the outside world. A person strongly modulated by an egregor may "not see" the facts that cast doubt on the ideas imposed on him by an egregor, and in typical situations give out the same predictable reactions.

Just as worldviews cannot be identical different personalities, there can be no absolute non-contradiction between the individual and the egregor. Therefore, any one-sided egregor influence introduces disharmony into the personality, which entails contradictions in the worldview.

Thus, in order to achieve complete harmonization of the personality, a person must be able to regulate the degree of influence of egregors on himself, creating a balancing factor (mutually compensating the influence of several egregors). Only under this condition will his worldview be harmonious.

In the worldview, 4 components can be distinguished, based on the corresponding elements of the personality: 1) Ego-worldview - what is called life philosophy: a picture of the world, an explanation of the processes taking place in it, an opinion about one's own place in the external environment. 2) Id-worldview - a subconscious part of the worldview, which manifests itself mainly in extreme situations: for example, when meeting with facts that cast doubt on some provisions of the ego-worldview. 3) Superego worldview - a set of ways of expressing a worldview in contacts with the outside world: the concepts of honor, dignity, etc., or the absence of such concepts :-) 4) Superid worldview - subconscious likes and dislikes for people of a certain type, facts from certain areas and ideas of a certain kind.

The contradictions between different components of the worldview are, as a rule, a reflection of the corresponding contradictions in the individual. For example, if a person who calls himself an atheist likes to communicate with priests and discuss the "Bible" with them, this indicates not only a contradiction between the Ego and Superid worldviews, but also about personal contradictions between the Ego and Superid.

But if a person, in principle, can be internally consistent, then the worldview always contains contradictions, because. from the outside world is constantly coming new information, which was not taken into account in the formation of the current worldview. Therefore, we will call harmonious not an absolutely consistent worldview (the possibility of the existence of which would contradict Gödel's incompleteness theorem), but one capable of eliminating internal contradictions in itself. Those. A harmonious worldview is, by definition, a constantly evolving worldview. For the same reason, a harmonious worldview cannot have an ultimate goal, after which its existence loses its meaning. But it evolves as current goals are achieved.

Just as a harmonious personality does not seek conflict with others, a harmonious worldview is also not antagonistic in relation to other worldviews. Carrier of a harmonious worldview own initiative enters into a conflict (including an ideological one) if and only if the goal is, in itself, the acquisition of experience in conflict interaction.

All other goals are achieved by him by establishing mutually beneficial interactions or optimizing existing ones.

Declared ideas are not always a reflection of the real worldview, and such a contradiction is not necessarily a sign of inharmoniousness of the worldview. You can declare values that are alien to you for ten minutes if life situation it requires. The difference between a harmonious and inharmonious individual (and, as a result, a harmonious and inharmonious worldview) is that a harmonious person with a harmonious worldview always clearly realizes: what is his own worldview, and what is pleasant words for those around you. Thanks to this, a harmonious worldview is able to peacefully coexist with any other worldviews, including even those hostile to the very idea of harmony. Collision with the inharmonious worldview of others is unable to deharmonize the harmonious worldview.

In a harmonious worldview, dialectical opposites (Matter - Spirit, Order - Chaos, etc.) are equal in rights, i.e. none of them is considered primary, more important or the one that eventually wins - the opposites are in a state of dynamic equilibrium. Moreover: each of them is considered not as a discrete pair, but as a single continuous coordinate of the information space.

Harmonious group of individuals. Harmonious should be considered such a group of individuals in which each of them is in its place, where it is unique and cannot be replaced by any other member (but can be replaced by several members with the help of a redistribution of responsibilities).

At the same time, the activity of each individual does not run counter to the tasks of the group as a whole.

And here the question of hierarchy and management immediately arises. But only people get up, because in the world, in nature, everything is much more natural. If a living cell harmonious, then each organoid performs its function, which is determined by its parameters, and does not pretend to be the function of another organoid. And if suddenly this happens, then a disease occurs - for example, a cancerous tumor. People, on the other hand, tend to do things that are not their own: for the sake of increasing their own significance, intoxication with power, herd instinct- in general, because of their own disharmony; accordingly, a group consisting of such people cannot be called harmonious either.

Consider the situation with leadership in a harmonious group. For some reason, it is generally believed that the leader in the group is always the only one, "there must be one hero." However, this approach is biologically incorrect. In the body, not only the brain, but several systems are responsible for the growth, development and maintenance of homeostasis. Also in the group there are different types leaders who take control in appropriate situations, since leadership requires the use of completely different mental functions, which cannot be equally strongly developed in the same individual. These functions are as follows:

logics – abstract thinking, building systems and theories, planning, resolving the issue of the appropriateness of certain actions;

ethics- the ability to understand the feelings and mood of people, to regulate the psychological climate and relationships in the group, to control the mood of others;

sensorics- willpower, activity, purposefulness, as well as the idea of beauty and perfection;

intuition- resourcefulness, courage, ability to evaluate potential opportunities and make the right decisions when there is a lack of information.

Accordingly, there are four leaders in a harmonious group:

permanent biological leader. The most developed function is sensory. In nature (and in a group of individuals) there is always someone who is organically designed to lead, manage the process of achieving goals.

planning leader. The most developed function is logic. This one doesn't lead anyone anywhere. He determines the landmarks and goals of the movement and is usually behind the scenes. He doesn't govern, he directs.

moderator leader. The most developed function is ethics. He is a diplomat, able to take responsibility for reconciliation (i.e., harmonization of relations) both in the group itself and the group with the outside world.

critical leader. The most developed function is intuition. He takes responsibility in a critical situation and takes the group out of it, after which he again goes into the shadow of a permanent leader.

Naturally, in a harmonious group, each individual must also be harmonious: to do his own, and not someone else's business; do not try to solve your personal problems at the expense of the group; clearly understand how he can be useful to the group and how the group is useful to him. It can be said that the harmony of a group cannot be higher than that of the least harmonious individual included in its composition.

Signs of lack of harmony 1. Explicit manifestations of internal conflict

Throwing from extreme to extreme- the idea that in any situation there are only two directly opposite options for action, and no intermediate solutions and compromises are possible. A person's rejection of one of these options leads to the fact that he automatically and without hesitation chooses the other. For example, having noticed hidden homosexual inclinations in himself and not accepting them, he becomes a fierce opponent of homosexuality.

obsession- the desire to repeat an already repeatedly performed action, despite the fact that it does not bring a satisfactory result.

A person repeatedly tries to achieve the goal in the same way, which always brings failure; or for the thousandth time proves to others his opinion on some issue, although it has long been known to everyone. A passion for collecting that transcends all rational and aesthetic limits is also an obsession.

"Fad" – inadequate response on the certain kind external influence. A person suddenly reacts emotionally to some word that flashed in a conversation, or to an event that has nothing to do with it.

He begins either to prove something to others with fervor, or to perform some actions that are not logically related to the situation. An example of "fads" are also folk signs such as a black cat or an empty bucket.

2. Self-deception

Prejudice("I have not read Pasternak, but I condemn!") - the presence of a pre-formed stereotyped opinion about a certain area of \u200b\u200bknowledge or a sphere of life. Any message related to this area, a person either uncritically accepts on faith, or rejects it from the threshold, without bothering to understand the essence of the issue. Such people often join movements for or against something, surprising with their ignorance of what they are fighting for or against.

Rationalization- the constant desire of a person to prove to himself and others that his actions were dictated by reason, and not by external circumstances, and that the resulting result is exactly what he was striving for. Classic example- fable "The Fox and the Grapes". Another option is to present an accidental positive result as a great victory, which was purposefully sought from the very beginning.

Projection- attributing one's problems and weaknesses to others, emphasizing their actual presence among others, with the subconscious intention to hide their presence in oneself. For example, the old people, when they condemn the youth for being "licentious" and "immoral," they are actually projecting their own subconscious desires which they are unable to implement.

Manilovshchina – overindulgence fantasies and plans to the detriment of their practical implementation. You can often observe on the Internet: a novice webmaster describes in detail what a bunch of information he is going to put on the site in the future. But weeks, months, years go by, and the promise never comes.

3. Inability to harmonize with the environment

Conflict mania- the tendency to see conflict in everything and create it yourself, if there is none. A person considers any situation as a conflict and clearly takes one side in this conflict, trying to destroy the other. He sees his relationships with others as a struggle that must be won. Any discussion turns into a war of words, in which only the victory of one of the parties seems possible, but not finding common ground.

posturing- the desire to look like someone in the eyes of others, instead of actually being one. A person strives to ensure that others have a higher opinion of him than his own opinion About Me. In any situation, he tries to demonstrate to others his strength and "coolness", superiority over them. He also ascribes to himself the possession of abilities, the presence of which is difficult for others to verify; tells fables about his exploits; contemptuous of those who do not hide their weaknesses.

Imitation and conformity- the desire of a person to adhere to the views and tastes shared by the majority of members of the group to which he is a member, as well as the desire to repeat after them those actions that aroused the approval of other members of the group. It occurs because of the inability to find a natural place for oneself in the group, and also because of the desire to relieve oneself of responsibility for one's actions.

How to measure harmony. Harmony is not an abstract concept, but a quite tangible property of a person, which can be quantified. This characteristic is close in meaning to the efficiency that characterizes machines and mechanisms. The degree of harmony is the higher, the more mental energy the individual allocates to his own goals and needs, and not on something extraneous.

The level of mental energy of an individual can be determined by his usual natural mood. To measure mood there is quantitative characteristic, so-called emotional tone scale Ron Hubbard, which is given in the table. (Students of Dianetics may say that the scale given is slightly different from that given by Hubbard. We do not agree with him on some points, and, believing ourselves no more stupid than Hubbard, we consider it expedient to regard Dianetics not as a complete truth, but as an initial point for independent reflection.) Mood Tone Essence Attitude absolute calm +6.0 Awareness of one’s own perfection Feeling of achieved perfection P

ecstasy +5.5 Merging with perfection pleasure +5.2 Excitement from contact with perfection aesthetic satisfaction +5.0 Contemplation of perfection Need for perfection inspiration +4.8 Anticipation of approaching perfection inspiration +4.5 Desire to bring perfection into the world enthusiasm +4.0 Desire to change yourself and others for the better Need for development interest +3.5 Desire to change yourself for the better fun +3.1 Satisfaction from changing life for the better conservatism +3.0 Desire to maintain a satisfactory state of life Need to preserve the existing order With

contentment +2.8 Interested satisfaction with life lack of interest +2.6 Passive satisfaction with life boredom +2.5 Uniform satisfaction with life in general sadness +2.2 Incomplete satisfaction with life antagonism +2.0 Considering others as causes of dissatisfaction with life Need for conflict with outside world pain +1.8 Constant displeasure due to others anger +1.5 Explicit dislike of others hatred +1.4 Hidden dislike of others C

resentment +1.3 Recognition of the fact of danger emanating from others lack of sympathy +1.2 Attitude towards others as a source of danger hidden hostility +1.1 Consideration of possible danger from others fear +1.0 Expectation of danger and lack of sympathy Need for emotional support from the outside world sympathy +0.9 The desire to exchange sympathy for sympathy coaxing +0.8 The desire to provide sympathy for oneself in future grief +0.5 The desire to receive sympathy making amends +0.3 The desire to bargain for sympathy self-humiliation +0.2 Persistently begging for sympathy the victim +0.1 Desire to get sympathy at any cost apathy 0.0 Complete lack of will Complete lack of needs pity -0.1 Desire to attract attention with one's helplessness Need to be an object of someone else's will Р

shame -0.2 Obvious expression of one's helplessness obedience -0.7 Desire to be a tool in the hands of others worship -1.0 Search for the meaning of one's existence in submission to someone else's will self-accusation -1.1 Doubt about the expediency of one's existence Need to end one's existence remorse - 1.3 Recognition of the inexpediency of one's existence recklessness -1.6 Search for an opportunity to cease one's existence auto-aggression -1.8 Gradual cessation of one's existence suicidality -2.0 Desire to instantly cease one's existence fear of death -2.2 Doubt in the ability to cease one's existence Powerlessness to cease own existence nullity -2.5 Awareness of the inexpediency of both one's existence and its termination complete failure -3.0 Awareness of the inability to cease one's existence

A few notes about the table. The tones are not discrete, but smoothly transition from one to another. Integer values correspond to points at which the individual's attitude changes. Singular points scales: +3.0 - the border between progress and stagnation; +1.5 - the point of balance of power between the individual and others; 0.0 - the border between stagnation and regression, as well as between the will to live and the will to die;

Values of emotional tone above +3.0 should be recognized as harmonious.

Why above +3.0 and not above +2.0? In principle, boredom and conservatism are also some kind of harmony. But it remains so only as long as external conditions satisfying the individual persist. That is, emotional tones +2.1 ... +3.0 are unstable, because the world is changing all the time. Therefore, only a tone above +3.0 means a stable harmonic state.

This does not mean that a harmonious individual never conflicts with anyone if his emotional tone is, say, +3.5. Tone characterizes natural state, i.e. the state in which this individual wakes up in the morning when he is healthy. If necessary, he can go to tone +2.0 or +1.5, but this

conscious and temporary transition to perform a specific task. After the task is completed, the harmonious individual returns to his natural +3.5 tone, while the inharmonious one is constantly in a low emotional tone. Those. for a harmonious individual, a conflict with the environment is an unfortunate incident that distracts him from the main thing, and for an inharmonious individual, this conflict is precisely the meaning of life. Accordingly, they differ life attitudes: a harmonious individual seeks to realize himself in what he is interested in, and an inharmonious one - to prove something to someone (most often - his imaginary superiority).

We also note a feature of a low emotional tone (up to +3.0 inclusive) - dependence on the outside world. An insufficiently harmonious person requires a certain influence from the environment so that he does not slide even lower on the tone scale.

*** Thus, harmony is a very useful state both for the maximum realization of the abilities of an individual and for the effective work of a group of individuals.

Harmony is characterized by specific features and has a numerical expression.

This allows you to assess the degree of your own harmony / inharmony and, if you wish, to work on yourself in order to achieve more.

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