Facts from the life of famous people. Church supported the Provisional Government

The beginning of the twentieth century for the history of Russia has special meaning. This time was full of various events: the First World War, the February and October revolutions, the Civil War and the establishment Soviet power. This year marks the 100th anniversary of the famous revolution that took place in October 1917 and made a very significant contribution to the life of the country.

The reasons for the October Revolution were banal - the financial crisis, economic decline, inflation, distrust of the interim government. The end of August 1917 was marked by the transfer of leadership of the Soviets into the hands of the Bolsheviks. The party not only became more solid, but also expanded in terms of the number of participants. The Red Guard was formed, which became the power supply political struggle. The Bolsheviks demanded the removal of the provisional government, and demanded that power be given to representatives of the proletariat and peasantry. Historians are sure that the revolution could have started earlier, but the leader of the party, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, was hiding in Finland at that time, from where he sent his directives and instructions to Petrograd, in which he strongly recommended preparing an uprising to seize power. He was sure that the people in Moscow and Petrograd should be raised up unexpectedly, then the existing power would not be able to withstand resistance. On October 7 Lenin returned to Russia and the Revolution became inevitable.

It is worth noting the excellent preparation of the revolution. On October 12, 1917, the head of the Petrograd Soviet, Lev Trotsky, established the Military Revolutionary Committee, after 10 days in all military units Agitators from the Bolsheviks began to work actively in Petrograd, and on October 25 that same Revolution began. During fierce fighting on the streets of Moscow and Petrograd, the Red Guards managed to capture the Winter Palace.

Experts note several interesting facts about the October Revolution of 1917:

• From March to October 1917, the membership of the Bolshevik Party grew 15 times. At the beginning of the revolution, the party consisted of at least 350,000 people, 60% of whom were advanced workers;
• Vote in elections constituent Assembly 1917 even women could, it was a curiosity not only in Russia, but also in most countries;
• On the part of Russia, the revolution was financed not only by membership dues and donations. A significant contribution was made by the textile magnate Savva Morozov. He invested money through his mistress, actress Maria Fedorovna Andreeva. In addition, funds were obtained through bandit raids on banks and money convoys;
• External sources of funding came from countries that wanted to weaken Russia and supported the revolutionaries as a subversive "fifth column": the American Zionists, Japan and Germany;
• After the power was seized, the Bolsheviks began to rob palaces, banks, cash desks, and jewelry stores. Then F. E. Dzerzhinsky received an order that it was necessary to take into account everyone who might have some kind of jewelry and finances. All savings were expropriated and used for the needs of the revolution;
• The provisional government tried to arrest V. I. Lenin as a German spy;
• After October in Russia in 1917-1922, a series of nationwide and peasant uprisings simultaneously against the red and white authorities. In 1920 there were several uprisings in the Slutsk district. 4,000 rebels fought for freedom for a month. The slogan of the rebels was: "No Polish pans, no Moscow communists." In some Belarusian counties, the partisan anti-Soviet movement did not stop until 1926 and later;
• Demographic historians have found that at the beginning of 1918 there were 148 million people in Russia, and by 1923 137.4 million people lived in Russia. Taking into account those born after 1917, it turns out that 29.5 million people disappeared as a result of the outbreak of the civil war of 1918-1922. There were 7 million children who lost both parents;
• The well-known Petrograd Bolsheviks M. S. Uritsky and M. M. Volodarsky were killed for embezzling valuables stolen by the revolution and transferred to foreign banks. Their comrades-in-arms dealt with them, but the people were told that these figures had fallen at the hands of the enemies of the revolution. At the same time, more than a hundred people were arrested and shot for "murder";
• After the end of the October Revolution a large number of streets in Russian cities received revolutionary names. Squares, parks, settlements and entire cities were also reimagined. Monuments to Lenin were erected everywhere;
• In the year of the 50th anniversary of October, the Order of the October Revolution was established. On February 22, 1968, the famous cruiser Aurora was awarded this award for outstanding services in overthrowing the objectionable government.

In May 1922, V. I. Lenin fell seriously ill, but on October 2 he was able to return to work. Perhaps the deterioration in the health of the main Bolshevik of the country occurred against the backdrop of the consequences of the assassination attempt on him in 1918. Since then, his life has turned into constant maintenance of health, he has become less likely to appear in the Kremlin and in public speeches.

On January 21, 1924, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin died. Even during Lenin's illness Soviet leadership in the person of I. V. Stalin took care of the condition of his body, and a decision was made to embalm. By the day of the funeral of the revolutionary, a wooden Mausoleum was erected, which was later transformed into a modern one. That V.I. Lenin must be buried, discussions have been going on for a long time. Today many politicians demand the reburial of the leader, but the current president, Vladimir Putin, said that he was waiting for the moment when it would become necessary for the people themselves.

Usually great people differ from the average layman, and not only in their famous achievements, but also in character and habits. Among these habits there are many oddities that distinguished many famous people. In this post - a selection of oddities of famous people.

Alexander Vasilievich Suvorov was one of the most famous Russian generals. He did not lose a single battle, and all of them were won with the numerical superiority of the enemy. Suvorov was famous for his strange antics: he went to bed at six in the evening, and woke up at two in the morning, and, upon waking up, poured himself cold water and loudly shouted “ku-ka-re-ku!”. With all his ranks, he slept in the hay. Preferring to walk in old boots, he could easily go out to meet high officials in a sleeping cap and underwear. He also gave the signal to attack to his beloved “ku-ka-re-ku!”, And, they say, after he was promoted to field marshal, he began to jump over chairs and say: “And I jumped over this one, and through this - then!"

Often famous people were distinguished by great forgetfulness and absent-mindedness. For example, Diderot forgot the days, months, years and names of loved ones. Anatole France sometimes forgot to get new leaf paper or notebook and wrote on everything that came to hand: envelopes, business cards, wrappers, receipts. But scientists are usually the most scattered.

Newton somehow received guests and, wanting to treat them, went to his office for wine. Guests are waiting, but the owner does not return. It turned out that upon entering the working room, Newton thought so deeply about his next work that he completely forgot about his friends. There is also a case when Newton, having decided to boil an egg, took a watch, noticed the time and after a couple of minutes found that he was holding an egg in his hand, and was cooking a watch. One day Newton had lunch, but did not notice it. And when by mistake he went to dine another time, he was very surprised that someone had eaten his food.

Einstein, having met his friend and, absorbed in thoughts, said: Come to me in the evening. I will also have Professor Stimson. His friend, puzzled, objected: But I am Stimson! Einstein replied: It doesn't matter, come anyway! In addition, Einstein's wife had to repeat the same thing three times before the meaning of her remarks reached the great physicist.

The father of Russian aviation, Zhukovsky, once, after talking all evening with friends in his own living room, suddenly got up, looking for his hat, and began to hurriedly say goodbye, muttering: However, I stayed up with you, it's time to go home!

The German historian Theodor Mommsen once rummaged through all his pockets to find glasses. A little girl sitting next to him handed them to him. "Thanks, little one," Mommsen said. "What's your name?" “Anna Mommsen, papa,” the girl answered.

One day, Ampere, leaving his apartment, wrote with chalk on his door: Ampere will be at home only in the evening. But he returned home in the afternoon. I read the inscription on my doors and went back, because I forgot that he himself was Ampere. Another story that was told about Ampere was this. One day, sitting in a carriage, he wrote a formula with chalk instead of a slate on the coachman's back. And he was very surprised when, having arrived at the place and got off the carriage, he saw that the formula began to move away along with the crew.

Galileo was no less absent-minded. He spent his wedding night reading a book. Noticing at last that it was already dawn, he went to the bedroom, but immediately went out and asked the servant: - Who is lying in my bed? “Your wife, sir,” replied the servant. Galileo completely forgot that he was married.

Some of the greats didn't get married at all. Now you will not surprise anyone with this, but a hundred years ago it was considered a great oddity. Voltaire, Dante, Rousseau, Spinoza, Kant and Beethoven died convinced bachelors, believing that the wife would only prevent them from creating, and the servant would look after the house perfectly.

True, in Beethoven's house, the servants were powerless to maintain at least some semblance of order: sheets with symphonies and overtures were scattered throughout the office mixed with bottles and plates, and woe to the one who tried to collect them, breaking this mess! And the owner himself at this time, despite any weather jogging around the streets of the city.

The famous satirist Lafontaine also liked to take a walk. At the same time, he loudly recited the lines and rhymes that came into his bright head, waving his arms and dancing. Fortunately for him, the people then treated such personalities quite calmly, and no one called the orderlies.

The famous writer Leo Tolstoy was famous among his contemporaries not only for his works, but also for his quirks. As a count, he worked in the field on a par with the peasants. At the same time, working in the field side by side with the peasants was not an extravagant hobby for him, he sincerely loved and respected the difficult physical work. Tolstoy, with pleasure and, importantly, with skill, sewed boots, which he then gave to relatives, mowed grass and plowed the land, surprising the local peasants who were watching him and grieving his wife.

Over the years, Tolstoy was increasingly captured by spiritual quests, and he paid less and less attention to everyday life, striving for asceticism and “simplification” in almost everything. The count is engaged in hard peasant labor, sleeps on the bare floor and walks barefoot until the very cold, thus emphasizing his closeness to the people. Just like that - on a bare foot, in a belted peasant shirt, simple trousers - Ilya Repin captured him in his picture.

Lev Nikolaevich maintained physical vigor and strength of mind until the very last days. The reason for this is the count's passionate love for sports and all kinds of exercise which, in his opinion, were obligatory, especially for those engaged in mental work. Walking was Tolstoy's favorite discipline; it is known that already at the fairly respectable age of sixty, he made three foot crossings from Moscow to Yasnaya Polyana. In addition, the count was fond of skating, mastered cycling, horseback riding, swimming, and started every morning with gymnastics.

Already at the advanced age of 82 years, the writer decided to go wandering, leaving his estate, leaving his wife and children. In a farewell letter to his Countess Sophia, Tolstoy writes: “I can no longer live in those conditions of luxury in which I lived, and I do what old people of my age usually do: they leave worldly life to live in solitude and silence last days own life".

And among scientists, Nikola Tesla was known as one of the most eccentric people. Tesla did not have his own house or apartment - only laboratories and land. great inventor I usually spent the night right in the laboratory or in hotels in New York. Tesla never married. According to him, a solitary lifestyle helped develop his scientific abilities.

He was terribly afraid of germs, constantly washed his hands, and in hotels he could demand up to a couple of dozen towels a day. By the way, in hotels he always checked whether the number of his apartments would be a multiple of three, otherwise he flatly refused to be settled. If a fly landed on the table during lunch, Tesla demanded that the waiters bring it all over again. In modern psychiatry, for this kind of oddity, there is special term- mysophobia.

Tesla counted steps while walking, the volume of bowls of soup, cups of coffee and pieces of food. If he failed to do this, then the food did not give him pleasure, so he preferred to eat alone.

Having become the author of many inventions that changed the life of modern civilization, Nikola Tesla left behind even more rumors and guesses about incredible discoveries, which for some reason never reached their publication and application.

Once, Henry Ford, traveling in a small car of his company, saw on the road exactly the same car with a damaged engine.

He immediately gave an unfamiliar motorist needed help: supplied with spare parts, adjusted the motor. When the grateful owner of the stuck car handed over five dollars, Ford smiled, “No, no, no money. Things are going well for me." “I don’t really believe it, venerable one! he replied. - If you succeed in business, you wouldn’t be shaking in a miserable “fordik” ...”.

Galileo Galilei spent his wedding night reading a book. Noticing that it was already dawn, he went to the bedroom, but immediately went out and asked the servant: “Who is lying in my bed?” "Your wife, sir," replied the servant. Galileo completely forgot that he was married.

The German mathematician Peter Gustav Dirichlet was very taciturn. When his son was born, he sent his father-in-law a telegram, perhaps the shortest in the history of the telegraph: "2 + 1 = 3."

The outstanding American scientist Thomas Edison, the author of many inventions in the field of electrical engineering and communications, film technology and telephony, chemistry and mining, military equipment, never worked without an assistant. Long time in holding laboratory experiments and demonstrations new technology Edison was assisted by one of the assistants, in the past a simple sailor. When he was asked a question about how Edison makes his inventions, he was sincerely surprised every time: “I can’t figure it out myself. After all, I do everything for him, and Edison only frowns his forehead, but lets go of remarks addressed to me. And in general: I work, and he rests!

Once Voltaire was invited to a dinner party. When everyone was seated, it turned out that the maestro found himself between two grumpy gentlemen. Having drunk well, Voltaire's neighbors began to argue how to properly address the servants: "Bring me some water!" or "Give me water!". Voltaire unwittingly found himself right at the epicenter of this dispute. Finally, tired of this disgrace, the maestro could not stand it and said: - Gentlemen, both of these expressions are inapplicable to you! Both of you should say: "Take me to the watering hole!".

Traveling in France, Mark Twain traveled by train to the city of Dijon. The train was passing, and he asked to wake him up in time. At the same time, the writer said to the conductor: - I sleep very soundly. When you wake me up, maybe I will scream. So ignore it and be sure to drop me off at Dijon. When Mark Twain woke up, it was already morning, and the train was approaching Paris. The writer realized that Dijon had passed and became very angry. He ran to the conductor and began to reprimand him. - I've never been so angry as now! he shouted. "You're not as angry as the American I dropped off at Dijon last night," replied the guide.

After the first telegram was successfully transmitted from Europe to America, Alexander Stepanovich Popov made another report in one of the capital's clubs about his invention of a wireless telegraph system. Representatives of the royal court were present in the hall among the public, some of them were very skeptical about Popov's message. So, one of the high-society ladies, not understanding a word from the report, turned to Popov with what she thought was a tricky question: “However, how do you explain that this is a telegram during its passage through the ocean, from mainland to mainland , didn’t drown and didn’t even get wet? Alexander Stepanovich just shrugged his shoulders, and the lady, looking around, smiled smugly.

At the closing ceremony of the 1896 automobile exhibition in Paris, French physicist and electrical engineer Marcel Despres proposed a toast to a future car that would reach speeds of 60 kilometers per hour. In response, one well-known then designer of cars responded with displeasure: - Well, why is there always someone who, with his stupid predictions, will spoil the whole celebration!

One day, an acquaintance of Alexander Pushkin, officer Kondyb, asked the poet if he could come up with a rhyme for the words "cancer" and "fish". Pushkin replied: "Fool Kondyba!" The officer was embarrassed and offered to make a rhyme for the combination "fish and cancer." Pushkin was not at a loss here either: "Kondyba is a fool."

"There is no great man for a servant." A curious confirmation of this old rule was the opinion of an old gardener who served Charles Darwin for several decades. He was fond of the famous naturalist, but had a “minimum opinion” about his abilities: “Good old gentleman, but it’s a pity he can’t find a worthwhile occupation. Judge for yourself: for several minutes he stands, staring at some flower. Well, would a person who has some serious occupation do it?

Somehow, speaking in polytechnic institute at a debate about proletarian internationalism, Vladimir Mayakovsky said: - Among Russians, I feel like a Russian, among Georgians - a Georgian ... - And among fools? - suddenly someone shouted from the hall. “And for the first time among fools,” Mayakovsky replied instantly.

English theoretical physicist Paul Dirac married Wigner's sister. Soon a friend came to visit him, who still did not know anything about the event. In the midst of their conversation, a young woman entered the room, calling Dirac by name, pouring tea, and generally behaving like a mistress of the house. After some time, Dirac noticed the guest's embarrassment and, slapping his forehead, exclaimed: - Sorry, please, I forgot to introduce you - this is ... Wigner's sister!

Bernard Shaw, already a famous writer, once collided with a cyclist on the road. Fortunately, both escaped with only fright. The cyclist began to apologize, but Shaw objected: - You're out of luck, sir! A little more energy and you would have earned immortality as my killer.

One day, a very obese man said to a skinny Bernard Shaw, “You look like you might think your family is starving. - And look at you, you might think that you are the cause of this disaster.

The Prussian king Frederick II, considering himself an erudite man, liked to talk with members of his academy of sciences, sometimes asking the most ridiculous questions during these conversations. He once asked academicians: "Why does a glass filled with champagne give a cleaner ring than a glass filled with burgundy?" Professor Sulzer, on behalf of all the academicians present, replied: “Unfortunately, the members of the Academy of Sciences, with the low content that Your Majesty appointed them, are deprived of the opportunity to set up such experiments.”

Once Ilf and Petrov were asked if they had to write under a pseudonym. To which they replied: - Of course, Ilf sometimes signed Petrov, and Petrov Ilf.

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, for fun, chose the addresses of 12 of the largest London bankers, who have a reputation for exceptionally honest and respectable people, and sent each of them a telegram that read: “Everything came out. Hide." The next day, all 12 bankers disappeared from London. All of them acknowledged the criminal and anti-social nature of their activities as a fact of their flight.

Alexandre Dumas once dined with the famous doctor Gistal, who asked the writer to write something in his guest book. Dumas wrote: "Since Dr. Guistal treats entire families, the hospital must be closed." The doctor exclaimed: - You flatter me! Then Dumas added: "And build two cemeteries ..."

Guy de Maupassant worked for some time as an official in the ministry. A few years later, a description of Maupassant was found in the archives of the ministry: "A diligent official, but writes poorly."

In 1972, a young Indian wrote to John Lennon that he had a dream to make trip around the world, but no money, and asked to send the required amount. Lennon replied: "Meditate and you can see the whole world in your imagination." In 1995, the Hindu nevertheless went on a trip around the world. He received the required amount by selling Lennon's letter at auction.

Once a customs officer, inspecting the luggage of the British playwright, poet and writer Oscar Wilde, who was widely known for his wit, who arrived in New York, asked the distinguished guest if he had jewelry and art objects with him that needed to be included in the declaration. “Nothing but my genius,” answered Oscar Wilde.

When the current heir british crown Prince Charles studied at Cambridge, with him a bodyguard went to all classes. The Cambridge system of education allowed the bodyguard to participate in discussion and debate. And at the end of the training, the teachers offered him to pass the exams. As a result, the bodyguard scored more points than the prince himself, and also received a diploma.

Once, at a reception, Charlie Chaplin performed a very complex opera aria for the assembled guests. When he finished, one of the guests exclaimed: - Amazing! I had no idea that you sing so wonderfully. - Not at all, - Chaplin smiled, - I never knew how to sing. I was just imitating the famous tenor I heard at the opera.

During the rest of Vladimir Vysotsky in Sochi, thieves looked into his hotel room. Together with things and clothes, they took all the documents, and even the key to the Moscow apartment. Having discovered the loss, Vysotsky went to the nearest police station, wrote a statement, and they promised to help him. But no help was needed. When he returned to the room, there were already stolen things and a note: “Sorry, Vladimir Semenovich, we didn’t know whose things these were. Jeans, unfortunately, we have already sold, but the jacket and documents are returned safe and sound.”

photo found on the internet

Citizen journalist wrote in the section "Report your news" Berni777:

The revolution of 1917 is certainly one of the most significant events not only in the history of our country, but of the whole world.
It was she who changed the entire course of world history over the past 100 years.

Thousands of volumes of books have been written about this revolution, it has acquired myths and legends. I would like to talk about a few little-known facts that are documented in one way or another.

The revolution of 1917 was being prepared for a long time and very thoroughly. Huge for those times money (two hundred million dollars) in the preparation of the revolutionary situation were invested by American financial tycoons. Not without participation in this and the banking house of the Rothschilds.

Even then they had a dream to destroy Russia as a state. And destroy from within. Together with its economy, culture and mentality. The money for this business came in different ways, including through Europe and directly through the New York Stock Exchange. With this money, subversive activities were carried out, newspapers and leaflets were published, weapons were purchased. Moreover, different parties and movements were financed.

The largest, and at the same time the most important fighting force of that time, was the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, which until 1918 collaborated with the Bolshevik Party. By the time of the revolution, the Bolshevik Party had only 25,000 members.

There were rumors that the October Revolution was actively financed by Germany, and Lenin was a German spy. But this is just a myth. Naturally, there was some funding, but small and from private sources.

They even came up with the legend of the “sealed wagon”, in which Germany threw Bolshevik leaders into Russia. But in fact, this car went from Switzerland, and not to Russia, but to the German station of Sassnitz, where the passengers boarded the ship to Stockholm.

In addition to the Bolsheviks, the Socialist-Revolutionaries and representatives of the Jewish Social Democratic Party Bund also rode in the car.

Importantly, all passengers paid for the fare out of their own pockets.
A prerequisite for the passage of the wagon through Germany was the agitation of passengers in Russia for the exchange and sending of interned Germans to Germany.

The terms of this agreement were made public in the Swiss and Russian press.

That is, the main expenses for the preparation of the revolution still lay on the Americans.
First, with the help of Germany and Japan, for an external strike on Russia, they provoked the First world war. Then they also dealt an internal blow.

By 1916, it was the henchmen of American financial circles who controlled many sectors of the Russian economy. Including the railroad and food supplies. Which is what they used.

As a result of their actions, the food trains that went to St. Petersburg and Moscow were stopped. Although warehouses, access roads and elevators were literally clogged with food, food shortages began in large cities, and food prices soared several times.

The revolutionary situation grew stronger and stronger. The liberal press of that time, which, as now, was the mouthpiece of American moneybags, only warmed up and inflamed the situation.

As a result, there was an explosion of social protest, and the revolution was not long in coming.

Interestingly, the Soviet Union was destroyed in approximately the same way.
In the late 80s and early 90s, again, through the efforts of liberals, or rather the right liberal wing of the CPSU Central Committee under the leadership of Politburo members Yakovlev and Medvedev, a severe commodity deficit was artificially created in the country. Which literally in one day was allowed by the liberalization of prices according to Gaidar.

Approximately the same, and again through the efforts of the same liberals, this time by the economic bloc of the government, a deficit has been created today, but not in commodity, but in money.
The struggle with the country continues.

And then, in 1917, the February bourgeois revolution first happened, which did not bring the desired result for the organizers. And then the October Revolution, which was prepared and carried out by the Bolsheviks.

And, by the way, well prepared. The success of the revolution was predetermined by the support of a significant part of the people, the inaction of the Provisional Government, the inability of the Mensheviks and Right Social Revolutionaries to offer a real alternative to Bolshevism.

As you know, the main leaders of that revolution were two people - Lenin and Trotsky.

What is curious is that, for example, Ulyanov-Lenin, at the age of seven, received the rank of a real state councilor - for a moment this is a civil rank of the 4th class, corresponding to the military rank of major general. The rank gave the right to hereditary nobility.

And Trotsky, who was born into the family of a wealthy landowner, at the time of the revolution was generally a US citizen, and arrived in Russia after the February Revolution. Having previously met with US President Woodrow Wilson and received $20 million in gold from American banker Jacob Schiff!

These two people were the main ideologists and engines of the October Revolution.

It is known that they considered each other competitors and therefore were not friends. Moreover, they did not like each other.
Lenin, in some of his articles, spoke of Trotsky in a very unflattering way. Trotsky, in turn, also poured dirt on Lenin and said that Lenin was a dishonorable and unprincipled person. Nevertheless, they organized the Revolution and won it.

At the time when Trotsky was leading the uprising, Lenin traveled to Smolny with forged documents, wearing a wig and with a bandaged cheek.

Lenin was generally a master of disguise. And he's not the only one. At the same time, fearing reprisals from the Bolsheviks, the chairman of the Provisional Government, Kerensky, fled the Winter Palace, disguised as a sister of mercy. Such was the revolution.

The entire revolution lasted only three days, and the capture of the Winter Palace took four hours, with six casualties and almost no pogroms.

The only thing that the revolutionary sailors did in the Winter Palace was that they simply ransacked the wine cellar and got drunk.
A few hours later, an “Appeal to the People of Russia” sounded on the radio, in which the Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee announced the transfer of power to the Soviets.

Already after the revolution, in the same 1917, Norway proposed to award the Nobel Peace Prize to Lenin.
In the submission to the Nobel Committee it was written:
Until now, Lenin has done most of all for the triumph of the idea of ​​peace. He not only promotes peace with all his might, but also takes concrete measures to achieve it.”

The application was rejected due to the deadline for accepting applications. At the same time, the Nobel Committee stated that it would not object to the award of the prize if peace was established in Russia. But the outbreak of the Civil War did not allow Lenin to become a Nobel laureate.
But that's another story...

Today, November 7 (October 25, old style), the Great October socialist revolution. The Bolshevik coup took place in the Russian Empire in 1917, becoming one of the most grandiose events of the 20th century.

Despite the fact that there is a lot of historical evidence about the October Revolution, this stage Russian history still not fully understood, and there are many mysteries and misconceptions regarding this event. It's no secret that history as a science is constantly under pressure from the current political forces, and therefore does not always objectively reflect the facts that took place in reality. After the former Soviet idols and leaders left the political arena, information began to surface that caused bewilderment and protest among some, while others made them laugh. We will talk about the most interesting details and the myths of the October Revolution, which were hushed up for a long time.

With the collapse of the USSR, a version of the course of the revolution took root in the minds of the majority, which is just as not quite reliable, just as the facts offered by Soviet propaganda. In particular, now it is said that Germany threw the Bolsheviks into Russia in a sealed wagon. In fact, Lenin and other revolutionaries arrived in the Russian Empire in 1917 from neutral Switzerland. In itself, a sealed wagon is not something mysterious - even now in rail transportation this is a common occurrence.

The proposal to travel through German territory in exchange for the return of interned German soldiers was put forward at a meeting on March 19, 1917, not by Lenin, but by the leader of the Mensheviks, Julius Martov. Lenin, however, until the last moment did not know exactly about the decision of the German authorities regarding the planned transfer. The head of the Bolsheviks was ready to sneak into the country illegally, under the guise of a deaf-mute Swede. Contacts with subjects of the German Empire were excluded, which is why the car was sealed. The only obligation of the emigrants towards the German authorities was to agitate in Russia for the exchange and send the interned Germans to Germany. In addition to the Bolsheviks, there were also Socialist-Revolutionaries and representatives of the Jewish Social Democratic Party Bund in the carriage. Thus, everything that happened was not a special operation to send a sabotage group of oppositionists into the Russian Empire. Of course, the German side made a certain bet on the destabilization of the state of affairs in Russia by left-wing radicals, but Lenin was not notified about this. Among other things, the Russian state itself at that moment resembled a vivid illustration of the “falling - push” rule.

About the current state Russian economy it is necessary to tell in more detail, since this aspect has also become the subject of various discussions among historians. AT this moment there is a version that Russian empire on the eve of the revolution was the most industrialized country in the world. Despite certain arguments that speak of the truth of such a statement, there are good reasons doubt the undeniable well-being Russian state. Thus, the rate of economic growth in the first decade of the 20th century could not be called impressive, war time(1914-1918) they became completely modest. Supporters of the Soviet regime insist that two decades after the October coup Soviet Union became the second largest industrial power in the world. Opponents parry this statement, saying that such a result was achieved through, among other things, terror and inhumane actions against the people of the Soviet state.

The same supporters of the anti-Soviet position declare that the Bolsheviks, after coming to power in literally ruined big country, many territories were lost. However, there is also concrete facts, impartially saying that it is the Russian Empire that may be to blame for the loss of such a quantity of land. Suffice it to mention that in 1915 Poland was lost during the German and Austro-Hungarian offensive, in February 1917 Russia lost control over Lithuania and Latvia.

Rooted in the minds of the masses and the point of view that Vladimir Lenin directly ordered the execution of Tsar Nicholas II and members of his family. Nevertheless, there is evidence that the destruction of the most august persons was the initiative of the Ural Council, which at that time included, in addition to the Bolsheviks, also the Socialist-Revolutionaries. It is the data political forces could wish to kill the daughters of the Russian Tsar - this measure was a provocation in order to prevent the conclusion of peace with the Germans. Lenin was supposedly going to extradite German princesses the German side, this was part of the arrangements.

What's up Soviet myths distributed among the population at the initiative of the ruling circles for the sake of maintaining the faith of the working people in their bright future? First of all, it becomes unclear why civil war 1917-1923, the "proletarian" government won, because in the territory modern Russia and some CIS countries, there were more intelligentsia and nobles than proletarians. This was well expressed by the character of the novel by A.N. Ostrovsky “How the Steel Was Tempered” Pavka Korchagin: “we were red, and someone else sympathized with us. And there were whites and those who sympathized with them. And then 80% of the population, which has always been with the winners ... "

Soviet historians did not mention the offensive of Denikin's troops on Moscow and its successful completion for the Whites, they were silent about the help of the Muslims, which they provided in the defeat of Denikin's army. The anarchist army of Father Makhno also took part in that battle. By order of the “top”, Eisenstein’s talented film “October” appeared, shots from which many still consider to be a reflection of real events. In fact, about two thousand Red Guards and Baltic sailors took part in the "large-scale" storming of the Winter Palace. During the assault, both sides suffered a total loss of seven people.

Another scene from the film, when Lenin, standing on an armored car, delivers a speech that later became “ April theses”, to soldiers and workers, is real. However, the point of view is erroneous, according to which the "Leninist armored car" was allegedly located near the Marble Palace in Leningrad. Herself October Revolution in this moment It is considered more of an indicative act, since after the bourgeois-democratic revolution that took place in February, the “bloody tsarist regime” was overthrown. However, controversy on this issue has not subsided so far.