10 countries with high life expectancy. The oldest person on earth in the Guinness Book of Records

The place of residence has a serious impact on the life expectancy of a person. Indeed, by and large, our health depends mainly on what we eat, the quality of health care and environment. We invite you to find out which residents of which 10 places on Earth can boast the most high duration life.

Okinawa, Japan

Life expectancy of the inhabitants of the country rising sun is one of the highest in the world. Thus, the chances of a Japanese to live to be 100 years old are much higher than those of people from other countries of the world. The best health in this country is distinguished by the inhabitants of Okinawan. Much of this is due to their diet. Okinawans have a low risk of developing atherosclerosis and cancer of the stomach, breast and prostate glands. Average locals eat fish three times a week. Also, their diet is rich in whole grains and soy products, vegetables. They eat more tofu and seaweed than people in other parts of the world. In addition, their menu often contains squid and octopus, which contain taurine, which helps lower cholesterol and blood pressure.

Sardinia, Italy

This picturesque island has a rich tradition of healthy and active image life. Sardinians boast a healthy diet, large quantity physical activity and a developed sense of community. That is why the most centenarians in the world are born here.

Danderyd, Sweden

When it comes to life expectancy, Sweden is second only to Japan and Switzerland. However, in this country there is a place-record holder. The municipality of Danderyd, located north of Stockholm, in turn, is the leader in Sweden in terms of life expectancy.

Ikaria, Greece

Residents of this Mediterranean island live an average of 8 years longer than Americans. All this thanks to a healthy diet, fresh air and friendly outgoing population. Also, the inhabitants of Ikaria are less likely to get cancer. In addition, no cases of dementia have been reported on the island.

Loma Linda, California

Members of this community live an average of 10 years longer than other US citizens. They treat their bodies like temples and eat little meat and fish, don't smoke or drink alcohol, and spend a lot of time exercising.

Nicoya, Costa Rica

This Caribbean island village is a place with low stress levels and excellent calcium and magnesium rich water.

Hunza Valley, Pakistan

The population of this northern Pakistani village is living longer than most people elsewhere thanks to high physical activity, low-calorie diet and regular consumption of apricot juice.

Switzerland

The average life expectancy in this country is 82 years. This was made possible thanks to an excellent healthcare system, excellent environmental situation and active lifestyle of the population. In addition, the inhabitants of Switzerland are considered among the most happy people on the ground.

Iceland

The population of this northern island country has one of the highest life expectancies in the world thanks to a healthy diet rich in seafood, a favorable environment and regular exercise.

Singapore

A small country boasts one of the best systems to provide medical services in the world. The state also actively promotes the principles healthy eating and active lifestyle. This allowed its inhabitants to enter the ranking of nations with the highest life expectancy.

The Life Expectancy Index is the main indicator of average life expectancy in the countries of the world. One of the key indicators of socio-demographic development. Calculated by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) based on statistical data obtained from national institutions and international organizations, which are accumulated in the Population Division of the Department of Economic and social issues UN. Life expectancy can be calculated separately for women and men, reflecting gender specifics this phenomenon.

The concept of "average life expectancy" for a certain population of those born means how many years they lived on average from birth to death. Based on the fact that the life expectancy of a person is the age of his death, it is possible to measure the average life expectancy for a certain generation only when all members of the population have already died, that is, many years after the moment of birth. Obviously, the value of such an indicator for the study of living generations is small, therefore, in scientific practice and statistical publications use a different, more difficult to determine, measure. Life expectancy at birth is the number of years that, on average, one person from some model generation of those born would have to live, provided that, throughout the life of this generation, the mortality rate at each age remains the same as in the years for which this indicator is calculated. In reality, these conditions will change, and a single group of the population will live longer or shorter, depending on the changed conditions. However, this figure quite accurately reflects the realities of the present and the near past.

The first attempts to calculate life expectancy date back to 1662, when the English scientist John Graunt began to develop methods of population statistics and built life expectancy tables for Londoners. These developments were continued in Holland by the physicist Christian Huygens, who first calculated the average life span. Significant contribution to the development mathematical apparatus life expectancy calculations were made by such scientists as Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Edmund Halley, Pierre Simon Laplace, Benjamin Gomperz and other researchers.

Life expectancy, being an indicator of the development of a wide range of social subsystems, is associated mainly with the efficiency administrative apparatus state and its social policy. Such an association is due to the fact that in the second half of the twentieth century, thanks to the concrete actions of states in the field of social policy, significant success was achieved in the fight against mortality and increasing life expectancy. Thus, according to the UN, if in the early 1950s the proportion of the population living in countries with a life expectancy of more than 70 years was only 1% of total strength of the world's population, then in the early 2000s it exceeded 50%.

In general, the increase in life expectancy is a consequence of: economic development; scientific progress(primarily in the field of medicine); the growth of the hygienic culture of the population and the educational level in general; elimination of class and other a priori, non-economic inequality. There is an increase in life expectancy necessary condition: increase in productivity, labor efficiency, and, in general, economic progress; growth in the level of education, scientific progress in broad sense words (ability to learn, stable ties between generations, accumulation and processing of knowledge); social and gender equality; real right to choose.

The index of life expectancy is published in a special report of the United Nations () "Assessment of trends in the development of world population" and is used to calculate (Human Development Index) in the framework of a special series of UN reports on human development. The index is updated annually, but UN data reports tend to be two to three years late, as they require international comparison after the release of the data by national statistical offices.

Life span in different countries of the world is an indicator of the development of the country, its well-being and healthcare system.

Usually, states with a high life expectancy are characterized by a well-established system of social security and insurance, because, first of all, older people need financial help states, and developed countries are able to provide more the older generation necessary pension payments and subsidies.

Also, the average life expectancy is influenced by the way of life of people, the quality of their nutrition and adherence to healthy lifestyle life.

1. Hong Kong is at the top of the list. Despite the fact that this one occupies a small area and many people are deficient in square meters. Given country was able to increase the life expectancy of people up to 83.73 years. Many experts note that the country was able to achieve such results thanks to the Cantonese diet, which is followed by every second resident of Hong Kong. Also, the population of this administrative region actively engaged in tai chi (a set of exercises for the development of physical health).
2. Takes second place. This state has the most centenarians. According to statistics, there are 35 people over 100 years of age per 100,000 people. This is a very good indicator. Most of the centenarians live on the island of Okinawa, and the secret of their longevity lies in the daily use of seaweed, which contains all the micro and macro elements necessary for the body.

The average life expectancy in Japan is 83.3 years. This country is also popular because its inhabitants rarely get sick and most often traditional medicine is used for treatment than pharmacological preparations.

1. . For many experts, the longevity of Italians is still a mystery. Despite the fact that the country is a member of the European Union, it does not have very good wages and pensions compared to other European countries. Also, Italy cannot boast of a highly developed medical system, but this does not prevent its citizens from surviving on average to 82.84 years.
2. . Citizens of the republic live on average for 82.66 years. Their quality of life is affected by the temperate climate, clean air, calm and peaceful atmosphere in the republic. The healthcare sector also plays an important role, where Switzerland annually invests millions of euros.
3. . This small island nation has a life expectancy of 82.64 years. Residents of Singapore are protected to the maximum from the destructive influence of cars. The number of cars is very tightly regulated in the country to prevent environmental pollution. Also, the government has created an excellent health care system, which is primarily aimed at preventing the occurrence of chronic diseases in people, and not at treating them.
4. . Icelanders live on average for 82.3 years. This life expectancy is affected a large number of fish in a diet containing omega. This microelement activates the protective properties of the body, so the Icelanders are less likely to be exposed to various diseases. Iceland also boasts a unique temperate climate. An important role is played by the use geothermal energy.
   
   
   
5. Kingdom. In this state, men and women adhere to the Mediterranean diet, which includes a large amount of seafood. On average, Spaniards live 82.27 years. This kingdom is distinguished not only by good climatic conditions but also excellent mental health their citizens. According to statistics, Spain has the lowest suicide rate in the world.
6. differs in the life expectancy of its citizens at the level of 82.09 years. This country has high rates of obesity. The Australian continent also has the highest percentage of people suffering from skin cancer in the world. This situation is due to the hot climate. But despite this, the Commonwealth of Australia recently introduced a program to reduce smoking among citizens, which has affected their life expectancy.
7. . It is believed that the mixed population of God's Land affects the life expectancy of the Jews. Like it or not, it is not known, but in Israel, people live on average to 82.07 years.
8. . One of the most developed countries in the European Union with a life expectancy of 81.93 years. The state has sent a lot of resources to clean up the environment. Also, the Swedes eat a lot of berries and seafood, which prevent the occurrence of heart disease.
9. . This European state boasts a life expectancy of 81.84 years. The main secret The longevity of the French lies in proper nutrition and good medical care.
   
10. . This state is considered to be a country of immigrants. According to statistics, more than 30% of the Canadian population came here for permanent residence from different parts of the world. But this did not affect the average life expectancy (81.78 years). Canada is characterized by one of the most developed healthcare systems, this state has one of the best and highest quality medical care.
11. . The republic is known for its climate and outstanding nature. On average, New Zealanders live to be 81.56 years old.
12. . This country is very high level urbanization (resettlement rural population to cities), but even this does not prevent Korea from maintaining one of the leading positions in terms of life expectancy, which is 81.43 years. Many experts note that Koreans live so long due to their incredible ability to work, which keeps the human body in good shape all the time.
13. . Citizens of this state live an average of 81.33 years.
    

Countries with low life expectancy

1. The first place is occupied by the Central African Republic with an indicator of 45 years. In the country low level medicine, also most of residents of the state are exposed to such diseases as: HIV infection and malaria.
2. Lesotho. African country is known in the world as the state with the highest percentage of HIV-infected people. According to statistics, half of the female population under 40 years of age is infected with this virus. Because of this situation, mortality rises, so people usually do not cross the threshold of 46 years.
3. Sierra Leone (46 years). This republic has experienced civil war which claimed the lives of 50,000 people.
4. Zimbabwe. The indicator is 46 years. This republic has a high mortality rate due to ulcers and HIV infection.
5. Zambia. One of the poorest republics in Africa. Today in Zambia, residents do not even live to be 50 years old, and the average life expectancy is 46 years.
6. Afghanistan. The life expectancy in this state was affected by the war, which mutilated more than 80 thousand citizens of Afghanistan. Today, this state is characterized by a life expectancy of 47 years.
7. Swaziland is a country with 26% of the population infected with HIV. It is from this disease that most of the inhabitants of Swaziland die. The second deadly disease that eradicated the population of Swaziland is tuberculosis, which annually takes the lives of 18% of the population. In this African republic, people usually live up to 47 years.
8. Congo is the country with the second highest child mortality rate in the world. Usually in the Congo, residents live up to 47 years.
9. Mozambique. This African republic survived a civil war that undermined the political order and destroyed the medical system. In Mozambique, people live to age 48 due to lack of health care.
10. Burundi completes the ranking of countries with an indicator of 48 years. Over the past two decades, the republic has experienced a civil war that has led Burundi to ruin.
    Top 5 oldest inhabitants of the world on video.

Statistics for the Russian Federation

Life expectancy in Russia is growing every year. This is evidenced by the data provided by Rosstat.

Table of dynamics of life expectancy growth in Russia by years

If we analyze the indicators of the Russian Federation during the existence of the USSR, we can conclude that the average life expectancy for the first 5 years after the collapse of the union decreased by 4.6 years.

Based on statistics, the highest life expectancy in Russia is observed in the Republic of Ingushetia (80 years). Second place is occupied by Moscow with an indicator of 76.77 years, and the third place belongs to the Republic of Dagestan (76.40 years).

Duration human life depends on many factors: lifestyle, nutrition, place of residence, genetic predisposition to certain diseases. In the CIS countries, the average life expectancy is somewhere in the region of 60 years for men and 65 for women. In countries Western Europe this figure is slightly higher. But, the people that will be discussed further broke all records and demonstrated a great love for life.

Super centenarians

Most an old man in history

The person who lived the longest was a woman (according to statistics, women live longer than men). The name of this heroine is Jeanne Louise Calment, this woman was born back in 1875 on February 21 in France, and died on August 4, 1997. Her total duration life is 122 years and 164 days (44724 total days). Jeanne became a person who lived the most long life of all who would be known to science. The woman outlived her daughters and even her grandchildren. Information about the life expectancy of this heroine is carefully documented in scientific papers.

The oldest man

There is some discussion about the age of the oldest man himself. claims that the record holder is the Japanese Shigechio Izumi (Shigechiyo Izumi). According to him, he was born on June 29, 1865, and died on February 21, 1986. If the date of his birth is correct (apparently no documents have been preserved), then the long-liver from Japan lived 120 years and 237 days. Only a long-liver from France, Jeanne Calment, survived him. Shigechio was not only the oldest man on the planet, he also held the record for the longest working life for a man, at 98 years old. Surprisingly, the Japanese work experience far exceeds the average life expectancy in Europe today. His name was recorded in Japan's first census in 1871. Interestingly, the man started smoking at the age of 70. However, after the death of the centenarian, the Department of Epidemiology in Tokyo and the Institute of Gerontology reported that, based on family records, Shigechio died at the age of 105 years old. True or not, we probably will not be able to find out.

The second candidate for the right to be called the oldest man who ever lived on Earth is Thomas Peter Thorwald Christian Ferdinand Mortensen (August 16, 1882 - April 25, 1998). Although the date of Thomas's birth is not shrouded in darkness, the Guinness Book of Records considers him the second, after Shigechio Izumi. Christian Mortensen is the oldest person born in Denmark, he is one of the ten oldest people on the planet. All he lived 115 years and 252 days. There can be no doubt about Christian Mortensen's lifespan, and there are birth records, church baptism records, and even Danish census records show that the date of birth is correct.

oldest person alive today

The oldest was a woman - Anna Eugenie Blanchard (born February 16, 1896), a French long-liver. The woman has lived for more than 114 years 142 days.
The oldest of the men living in our time turned out to be Walter Breuning (Walter Breuning), he was born on September 21, 1896, a long-liver from the United States. At the age of 113 years 290 days, he ranked 4th among the oldest people on the planet, only three women are ahead of him, one of which is Anna Blanchard.

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Each of us wondered how much he had left in this world, and each of us would like to stay here longer. But, in addition to desire, you also need to take into account the living conditions, this is an important factor if you want to achieve longevity. So, here is a list of countries with the highest life expectancy.

81.33 years old
One of the smallest countries in Europe, which has one of the highest life expectancy rates on the planet. It is noteworthy that in Luxembourg they sell a record amount of alcohol per person, although these data are not entirely reliable because many tourists come to the country, who mainly buy alcohol.

81.43 years old
South Korea makes maintaining the health of its citizens the main aspect of its policy, unlike the western part of the republic. Koreans have a high life expectancy, but they face a serious threat that is growing exponentially day by day - pollution. natural resources and relentless urbanization. More than half of the total population (51 million) of Koreans live in the Seoul region, closer to the capital. In addition, there is a worrying trend in South Korea, it is associated with the number of suicides (26 suicides per 100,000 citizens), which is the highest rate for economically developed countries.

81.56 years old
New Zealand is simply a paradise for adventure lovers. With a great variety of flora and fauna, a climate favorable for humans, New Zealand will appeal to many travelers and those who decide to stay there longer. The moderate and unhurried pace of life in this country has become a household name and is known in all corners of the planet.

81.78 years old
In terms of development, Canada can compete with many countries that are considered the most progressive and occupy leadership positions in many areas. Also, Canada is one of the most delicious countries for immigrants who come here to earn money or stay to live. It is also the most educated state in the world, with more than half of the adult population having a bachelor's degree. Despite the huge influx of visitors (each year Canada receives one tenth of the world's refugees), life expectancy rates are not falling as one might expect.

81.84 years old
The French are the healthiest nation on the planet. The symbiosis of the Mediterranean set of products and one of the most advanced healthcare systems in the world, and excellent social programs allows the French to easily cross the threshold of eightieth. Interesting fact: On average, women in France live as much as six years longer than men, which is one of the largest discrepancies in the age of both sexes in the world.

81.93 years old
Scandinavia is one of the most favorable regions for living, if you plan to be a long-liver, the average life expectancy here is more than eighty years, since nature here has a very positive effect on health. From all over Scandinavia, Sweden stands out, where there is a very high quality drinking water and very clean air. Swedes eat a lot of fish products, as well as berries, which have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system.

82.07 years
Scientists and experts have reason to believe that with the genetic mixing of the population in Israel, there is an established trend of longevity among citizens. Perhaps this is due to the fact that the Israelis have the strongest family ties, which distinguishes them from other peoples.

82.09 years
Australia has a lot of problems today - a rapidly increasing obesity rate in the population, and the world's highest numbers of skin cancer patients, on average, Australians overcome the figure of 82 with ease. The main reason is the action of the government to combat smoking and the high level of education of Australians.

82.27 years old
The people of Spain live so long because of two factors: a well-formed diet and excellent atmospheric conditions. According to statistics, Spain has the lowest suicide rate in the world.

82.3 years
Icelanders can boast of their longevity due to the mild continental climate, well-thought-out healthcare system and a great variety of seafood in their food basket. In addition, Iceland, one of the most ecologically clean countries Earth. The government has introduced the use of geothermal energy, local residents enjoy warm water that goes directly to them. thermal springs on the island.

82.64 years old
Singapore is already unique in its kind, it is the only island city-state on the planet. In addition, the population has been living in it for more than 82 years. The government takes care of its citizens: the number of cars on the highways is always regulated, and the Ministry of Health has introduced a program according to which all chronic diseases are prevented and constantly monitored.

82.66 years old
Majestic Alps, clean air, high salaries make people happy in Switzerland. Let's reveal the secret of why Swiss people live in such a debt - they are leaders in investing in the healthcare sector, they also invest heavily in young people - education and encouragement of talents are in the order of things here. Crime as such is non-existent, and strong social cohesion multiplies all government efforts.

82.84 years old
Italy is full of mysteries and such a high position of Italy in the ranking is also a mystery - health care is very poorly developed, and the income of the population is simply ridiculous when compared with previous countries. By some miracle, the Italians are third on our list. Products of excellent quality and variety, a temperate climate, a society that stands up for each other like a mountain - perhaps these factors are the reason for the longevity of Italians.

83.3 years
Many scientists who study the issue of longevity call Japan the cradle of the most healthy people. There are a lot of centenarians here (a centenarian is a person over a hundred years old) per 100 thousand of the population, 35 people are centenarians. The island of Okinawa is a concentration of centenarians, they eat a lot of algae there, which can be the reason for excellent health.

83.73 years old
It is very surprising that Hong Kong is in the first place ( autonomous territory, within the borders of China, until 2047) because here minimal amount squares of living space per person, and according to polls of citizens, they are haunted by constant stress at work. But, the Hong Kongers found how to deal with it - the Cantonese diet, as well as the tai chi exercise system (which almost the entire population follows) and mahjong, which does not allow the brain to develop, all this gives strength to overcome the mark of 84 years.