What is a natural national park definition. The most beautiful national parks in the world

NATIONAL PARK NATIONAL PARK

a protected natural area (water area), on which natural complexes have been preserved, representing a special ecology., historical. and aesthetic value. As a rule, N. items have large area, located in picturesque places. They carry out work on the restoration of landscapes, the preservation of rare and endangered species of plants and animals. Unlike the Reserves, all or, therefore, part of the area of ​​N. p. is open to regulated visits. The term "N. P." appeared in 1872, when the US Congress passed a law transferring "to the American people for all time" a district in the Rocky Mountains with numerous canyons, waterfalls, geysers, etc. (Yellowstone National Park). In the beginning. 20th century National events are organized in Yulia. America (Argentina, 1903), in Europe (France, Switzerland and others, 1913). According to the IUCN (as of 1982), there are more than 2,600 N. settlements and other protected areas in the world that are close to them in terms of their tasks and organization; they occupy an area St. 400 million hectares. In the USSR, the first N. p. was created in 1971 in Est. SSR (Lahemaa). As of 1985 in the USSR - 13 N. p., among which are Sevan, Ala-Archa, Gauja, Carpathian, etc.

.(Source: "Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary." Chief editor M. S. Gilyarov; Editorial staff: A. A. Babaev, G. G. Vinberg, G. A. Zavarzin and others - 2nd ed., corrected . - M .: Sov. Encyclopedia, 1986.)

See what "NATIONAL PARK" is in other dictionaries:

The territory excluded from industrial and agricultural exploitation in order to preserve the natural complex, which has a special ecological, historical and aesthetic value. In addition to keeping nature relatively intact… Financial vocabulary

- (natural national park) territory (water area) where landscapes and unique objects of nature are protected. It differs from the reserve in the admission of visitors for recreation. The world's first Yellowstone National Park was founded in 1872 in the USA. TO… … Large encyclopedic Dictionary

A protected area, usually a vast area of ​​the landscape, intended for scientific research and cultural and educational purposes. As a rule, it is located in an area where a combination of environmental protection tasks and its strictly controlled ... ... Ecological dictionary

national park- - EN national park Areas of outstanding natural beauty, set aside for the conservation of flora, fauna and scenery, and for recreation, if this does not conflict with the… … Technical Translator's Handbook

national park- A protected area and water area with little disturbed landscapes and unique natural complexes, intended for strictly regulated recreational use ... Geography Dictionary

Content 1 National parks Russia 1.1 European part Russia ... Wikipedia

- (natural national park), territory (water area) where landscapes and unique objects of nature are protected. It differs from the reserve in the admission of visitors for recreation. The world's first Yellowstone National Park was founded in 1872 in the USA. ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

- (natural national park), territory (water area), landscapes and unique objects of nature are protected on the cut. It differs from the reserve in the admission of visitors for recreation. The world's first Yellowstone N. p. in 1872 in the USA. By 1998 in the world ... ... Natural science. encyclopedic Dictionary

national park- (national park), specially protected state vom terr., which include natural complexes and objects that have ecological, historical. and aesthetic value. The idea of ​​​​creating N. p. in our time, time has become worldwide, but its ... ... Peoples and cultures

A protected area of ​​the territory (water area) with an intact natural complex, often with unique objects (waterfalls, canyons, picturesque landscapes, etc.). In some cases, N. p. is an analogue of the Reserve, from which it is fundamental ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Books

• National Park, Valery Kuzmina. This unusual novel takes the reader to the national park of one of the poor African countries, where the heroes have to face the wild nature in order to save it or destroy it.…

park tourism russia china

In our country, national parks are a relatively recent phenomenon. AT Soviet system The main specially protected natural areas were nature reserves and sanctuaries. There are almost no Soviet-type reserves in the western system. It is the national parks that dominate, where nature is not only preserved, but also shown to people, tourists are brought in, and they allow you to relax and enjoy the unique landscapes and communication with wild animals.

What is a national park anyway?

National parks are nature protection, environmental education and research institutions, the territories (water areas) of which include natural complexes and objects of special ecological, historical and aesthetic value, and are intended for use in environmental, educational, scientific and cultural purposes and for regulated tourism.

There are currently four types national parks:

• 1. open type, where all or almost all of the territory is available to the public;
• 2. resort type (around climatic or balneological resorts, where public access is open or partially limited);
• 3. semi-closed type, where on most the territory of visitors is not allowed, and it operates in the mode of the reserve;
• 4. protected national parks, almost completely closed to tourism and preserved in the interests of science.

In the national park, most of the territory is open to the public. Of course, the stay of tourists is regulated by strict rules. But still, the main function of national parks is precisely to create all the conditions for people to relax and communicate with wildlife. In the national park, for this you can build roads, campsites, lay routes, make real tourist bases.

It is noteworthy that more than half of the tourists are foreigners. What attracts people to national parks? First of all, unique natural landscapes. As a rule, national parks are created in very beautiful places. These can be bizarre rocks, unusual waterfalls, picturesque lakes, geysers, hot springs, etc.

Another important part visiting the national park is communication with animals. As a rule, hunting in national parks is prohibited or strictly regulated in a limited area. As a result, animals gradually lose their fear of humans. A deer can easily graze near your tent, you can easily take pictures with it or even catch it by the horns if you wish. Under such conditions, national park authorities are even forced to urge visitors not to annoy the animals too much and be especially careful with potentially dangerous animals. This primarily applies to bears, wild boars, bison. In almost any national park, you can observe a lot of animals in a couple of days.

The national park is entrusted with the following main tasks:

• · preservation of the integrity of natural and natural-historical landscapes, unique and standard natural complexes and objects of flora and fauna;
• · Preservation of historical and cultural objects;
• · ecological and historical-cultural education of the population;
• creation of conditions for a day of regulated tourism and recreation in natural conditions;
• · development and implementation of scientific methods of nature protection in conditions of recreational use;
• implementation environmental monitoring;
• Restoration of disturbed natural and historical-cultural complexes;
• · development of scientific, technical, informational and cultural cooperation with protected areas and environmental organizations;
• · protection and reproduction of flora and fauna, carrying out the necessary silvicultural, regulatory and biotechnical measures;
• Participation in the state environmental review of projects of social and economic development, land management and placement of economic and other facilities in the region;
• assistance in the preparation scientific personnel and specialists in the field of environmental protection.

The term "national park" appeared not so long ago. So today they call the territory in which the environment is protected, but at the same time human activity, although permitted, is limited.

Prerequisites for creation

In our country, the nationalization of parks is a relative innovation that was introduced quite recently. AT Soviet period the system of nature protection and reserves was rather narrow, so there were practically no reserves in the western part of the country, and practically no one knew what a national park was. Today natural parks are dominant, because here nature is not only protected, but also demonstrated to people around. national park tourists can visit and see everything clearly. This allows you to enjoy nature, communicate with wild animals, and also financially help save the environment. What is a national park and what is the history of its creation in Russia? These and other questions can be answered in this article.

One of such facilities, which was organized in the United States, became a kind of model for the nationalization of parks. Already the first visitors of this park, it became obvious that such a model is unique, and gives incredible pleasure to a person who contemplates the beauty of the surrounding nature. The idea to preserve nature in this way was made public in 1872, thus the decree on the nationalization of parks was signed.

National park and reserve. What's the Difference?

First of all, the main difference is the fact that almost the entire territory of the national park is open to the human eye. Naturally, the stay of visitors is regulated by rather strict rules. The main function of the national park is to provide all the conditions for familiarization of people and partial communication with wildlife. Here, for this purpose, special sidewalks are being built, campsites are being built, routes are being laid, and even recreation centers are being created. good example creating similar areas for recreation are other national parks in the world. The strategy of their development gives a really noticeable economic effect and allows you to fully pay for the living of animals and provide them with everything they need, while preserving nature. An interesting fact is that such institutions are visited by great amount people, as well as tourists who specially come to see some certain types animals.

The secret of success

What is a national park and why is it so attractive to visitors? It is quite simple to explain this, because it is here that you can observe amazing landscapes of nature. Usually national parks are built on areas with unusually beautiful nature. Such places can be majestic rocks, divinely beautiful waterfalls, picturesque lakes and forests, and steel is no exception. thermal springs. Any tourist can come to the national park and be absolutely sure that they will see incredibly beautiful nature, get acquainted with animals and spend their time with great benefit.

Communication with animals

Another important criterion for visiting national parks is touching communication directly with wildlife, as well as with its prominent representatives. Naturally, hunting for smaller brothers is strictly prohibited in the national park, but there are also places where they allow hunting according to certain regulations (meaning photo hunting). In this case, given the fact of being on the territory of people, animals begin to get used to them and pay their attention to people. For example, a deer can calmly approach a person without being afraid of a photo shoot, and even eat something from their hands. Under these conditions, the administration necessarily warns people not to be too intrusive with animals, to be extremely careful, the animal still poses a potential danger. This rule primarily applies to large individuals (bears, wild boars), bison are no less dangerous. In every national park, you can see a huge number of animals that can amaze a person in just a few days. For this purpose, special routes have been created along which you can observe representatives of the fauna.

Poaching

Despite all of the above about national parks, there are also certain types of problems that need to be addressed. One of them is poaching, which has long been a serious threat to the conservation of wildlife. To combat this phenomenon, special staffs of guards are formed who monitor the territory of the entire reserve. If the shooting of animals has occurred, then certain sanctions are applied to a person, first of all, these are fines that must be paid without fail. Staying on the territory of the park with weapons is already a violation of the rules, and only for this the administration can be held accountable.

Land use issues

Incredibly often, national parks and reserves are faced with such a problem as a certain kind of land claims, for example, in 2009, one of the coastal national parks had to lose almost half of the territory, which significantly affected its further development.

Pernicious consciousness

Such establishments also face other problems. Usually they are based on the consciousness of the people themselves, which does not always accept the very idea that nature needs to be preserved and developed by ecological tourism. Some people have the barbaric notion that forests are meant for felling and harvesting timber, and that the animals that live there are created for shooting and cooking. Such thinking hinders the creation of new parks and the conservation of animal populations. One of the American legendary national parks was no exception, which over the years began to bring huge incomes, animals were preserved and bred, the park was opened in 1870. It is surprising that for the first years and even decades, poachers ruled here, annually killing tens of thousands of defenseless bison and deer. As a result of such barbarism, the government decided to protect the territory and the adoption of certain sanctions against poachers.

The state of national parks in Russia

If in this situation we talk about Russia, then we can draw a rather sad conclusion that now similar situation is probably at the level of the 19th century. A huge number of mistakes are repeated, especially if we are talking about poaching. Most local leaders cannot understand the purpose of developing such parks, as well as their economic benefits. As a result, certain rules are not observed, trees are cut down, and poachers constantly enter the territory. But initially the territory has a clear definition. A national park is a place where human activity is severely restricted. So, we can conclude that there are no fundamental differences between the national park and the reserve. What is a national park? This is the place that is available for vacationers, a person can communicate with nature, and also do something useful for her, even financially. Visiting the reserves is strictly limited to some specific excursion programs, so it is not always possible to fully enjoy the beauty.

The definition of a natural national park also carries with it the noble idea of ​​preserving the fragile surrounding nature. And it is they that enable a person to take part in this difficult process and feel important for nature, to preserve its small particle.

The world's first nature reserve in modern understanding, or national park, was established on March 1, 1872 in the United States. Its creators were driven by purely aesthetic motives: shortly before this, the expedition of naturalist Ferdinand Hayden discovered thousands of amazing geysers, picturesque waterfalls, canyons, lakes and many other beauties and wonders. The photographs of William Jackson attached to Hayden's report and especially the colorful landscapes of Thomas Moran made such an impression on the Congress that he decided to preserve these lands forever in their original form. Why did he establish a new, nowhere and never existed institution - a national park.

It seems incredible that in the era of the undivided domination of the pathos of "subjugation wildlife» A huge territory was withdrawn from economic circulation only because of its beauty. But at that time no one claimed these lands - there were much more free space in the American West than those who wanted to develop it. On the other hand, the young state, which was not even a century old, was in desperate need of its own sights and monuments - if not historical, then natural. The creation of Yellowstone Park became an important precedent: for the first time, the preservation of undisturbed nature turned out not to be a by-product of achieving other goals (fulfilling religious requirements or saving valuable resources for their subsequent use), but an independent and main goal of the territory conservation.

For some time, Yellowstone Park was the only one of its kind, but already in the 1890s it had counterparts in the United States - the Sequoia and Yosemite National Parks. Even earlier, in 1885-1886, the first national parks were created in neighboring Canada. In the same era, similar reserves began to appear in Asian and African colonies. European states: "Gunung Gede Pangrango" in Indonesia (1889), the South African national parks "St. Lucia", "Umfolozi", "Hluhluwe" (1897) and "Sabi" (1898), now known as the Kruger National Park. And in the first decade of the twentieth century, this form of nature conservation appears in Europe. In 1902, the Dobrach reserve was created in Austria-Hungary, in 1909 - Abisko, Sarek and Garphyuttan in Sweden.

All of these parks (and many others that arose in the 1910s and 1930s) were organized on roughly the same principle as Yellowstone - they included areas with picturesque landscapes and a large number natural attractions. The main task such parks were to provide citizens with access to these beauties, including in the future. That is, from the very beginning it was assumed that the public would visit the parks on a massive scale, and naturalness and inviolability natural ecosystems were in best case one of the many qualities taken into account. Sometimes they did without them at all. For example, the task of the mentioned Swedish national park "Garphyttan" was to preserve not the natural, but the traditional agricultural landscape. In the modern domestic nomenclature, this corresponds not to a natural, but to a historical and cultural reserve.

In Russia, attempts to preserve undisturbed natural areas began to be undertaken around the same time, but their initiators set themselves somewhat different goals. If in most developed countries hunting turned into a sport by the beginning of the twentieth century wealthy people, then in Russia the fur trade remained a serious branch of the economy, in which many professional hunters were employed. And by the 1900s, even the boundless Siberian taiga was unable to provide a sustainable "harvest". Hunters had previously had to temporarily exclude some areas from fishing, turning them into natural game nurseries. The new situation required a sharp increase in the size of such zones and ensure their protection. Unlike the former small reserves, such territories are now called nature reserves. For their creation and protection, an agreement between the fishermen themselves was no longer enough - the state had to provide the reserve. Work on such projects was carried out on the Angara, in the Sayans, in southern Primorye, but before its collapse Russian empire managed to create only one reserve - Barguzinsky, officially established on January 20, 1917. However, a number of projects prepared at that time were later implemented by the Soviet authorities.

RUSSIA'S SPECIAL PATH

Somewhat earlier, in the early 1890s, the famous Russian soil scientist Vasily Dokuchaev, who watched with horror the disappearance of the last remnants of the European black earth steppes, suggested that a few surviving sections of the untouched steppe be kept as a standard. Of course, for this it was necessary to provide them with complete immunity for all time.

Unfortunately, “eternity” turned out to be too short: not one of the “scientific-reserve sites” created by Dokuchaev himself in the Voronezh, Donetsk and Kherson steppes different reasons did not even live to see the First World War. During the years of revolution and civil war the same fate befell the plots created on the model of Dokuchaev in the estate of Countess Panina in the Saratov province and in the famous Askania-Nova - the patrimony of the Faltz-Fein barons, which they turned into a natural park.

However, the real reason for the failure of this project ahead of its time was not the instability of the Russian economic and political situation. Dokuchaev was fatally mistaken in scale: the area of ​​his “steppe standards” was only a few tens of hectares. Today we know that the steppe can sustainably exist only when herds of wild ungulates graze in it, which need hundreds of square kilometers to live.

But even if Dokuchaev knew about it, he still could not change anything: there were no such spaces of the grassy sea in the world, nor its four-legged guardians. The last tour died in 1627. A wild tarpan was last seen by a man in the wild a few years before the laying of the Dokuchaev sites.

Nevertheless, it was precisely Dokuchaev's ideas of a reference reserve (in modern terminology, a platform for environmental monitoring), absolute inviolability and constant scientific work as its main task that formed the basis of the ideology of the Soviet reserve business. This did not contradict the idea of ​​the reserve as a natural nursery for game animals, but there could not be any mass tourism in such conditions - even the employees of the reserve had the right to be on its territory only for a specific purpose and with the knowledge of the leadership. Such an understanding of conservation took root only in the USSR - nowhere else in the world taking natural areas under protection did not imply a complete ban on visiting them.

From a conservation point of view, this is very attractive. Much later, some foreign experts even envied the Soviet reserves, freed from hordes of tourists and having the opportunity to focus solely on the protection and study of flora and fauna. However, in reality, the requirement of "absolute conservation" was, at best, an ideal to which one should strive. On the territory of the reserves, it was inevitable to build housing, outbuildings, laboratories, etc. Their employees set up vegetable gardens at their homes and kept cattle. The Soviet reserves were not completely closed to visitors either. Even a completely outsider who appeared without prior arrangement and does not represent any organization was almost never kicked out of the reserve if he was limited to walking around its territory. And through some reserves even official tourist routes, and very popular. That is, many reserves played the role of national parks that are absent in the country.

Deviations from the ideal of "absolute immunity" were not limited to this. Since the 1920s, acclimatization experiments have been carried out in the USSR various kinds animals: muskrat, nutria, American mink and others. As a rule, nature reserves served as the basis for this work - it was there that parties of "invaders" were released, the dynamics of their distribution was recorded, and, if possible, they helped him. At the same time, there was a fight against "harmful animals" in the reserves, primarily against wolves. They were not only shot all year round without any restrictions, but also exterminated with the help of traps and poisoned baits - from which not only wolves died. Probably, it was the widespread use of poison in the mid-1950s that was the last straw that completed the extermination of the leopard in the Western Caucasus.

The involvement of nature reserves in the "transformation of nature" was especially intensive in the 1940s - the first half of the 1960s. Herbicides were tested in the reserves, sown cultivated plants, experiments were carried out on crossing wild ungulates with livestock. The apotheosis of this policy was the actual defeat of the system of reserves in 1951, when their number was reduced by more than half, and the total area by more than 11 times.

ROADS CONVERGENCE

Meanwhile, the concept of national parks was developing in the rest of the world. Since the 1920s, they have gradually begun to move from a simple limitation economic activity to serious scientific work and targeted restoration of rare and endangered species. The pioneer here can be considered the American taxidermist Carl Ekely, who not only achieved in 1925 the creation in the then Belgian Congo Alberta National Park to save the last surviving gorillas, but also made the center of activity of the reserve not tourism, but Scientific research. With the accumulation of experience in the work of parks, scientific and environmental activities played in them more and more. important role. The principles of conservation have also changed: the initiative to protect certain natural areas increasingly came from scientists. And when choosing a site, not picturesqueness, but undisturbedness played an increasingly important role - exactly what the creators of Soviet reserves were guided by.

In the USSR, where the network of nature reserves has gradually healed its wounds since the 1960s, the outlook on conservation has also changed. Since 1971, national parks have been created in the country. Protected and buffer zones appear around the reserves, the regime of which is similar to the regime of a national park. The two concepts of protected areas have evolved towards each other. The reforms of the 1990s spurred the process of transformation of the nature reserves: finding themselves without money and reliable state protection they had to look for new sources of funding. Practically in all Russian reserves at this time, visitor reception centers, souvenir shops and other attributes of national parks appear.

Today, in almost all countries, the point of view has been adopted, according to which a modern reserve should at the same time be a standard natural ecosystems, a refuge for endangered species, a site for regular research, a recreational and educational tourism area and an educational center.

RESERVED GLOSSARY

Specially Protected Natural Territories (PAs)- areas of land, water surface and airspace above them, where natural complexes and objects are located that have a special environmental, scientific, cultural, aesthetic, recreational and health significance and are withdrawn by decisions of the authorities state power in whole or in part from economic use with the establishment of a special protection regime.

Reserve- according to Russian legislation, this is a category of specially protected natural areas federal significance, completely and indefinitely withdrawn from economic use in order to preserve and study natural processes and phenomena, rare and unique natural systems, plant and animal species. This area is closed to the public.

Reserve- a type of protected area, in which (unlike nature reserves), with limited use natural resources, under protection is not natural complex as a whole, but only some of its parts: flora or fauna, certain types animals and plants or historical-memorial or geological objects.

national park— SPNA, which includes natural complexes and objects that have a special ecological, historical and aesthetic value, and is intended for use in environmental, educational, scientific and cultural purposes, as well as for regulated tourism.

There are four types of national parks in Russia:

OPEN TYPE where all or almost all of the area is available to the public;

RESORT TYPE- around climatic or balneological resorts, where public access may be partially restricted;

SEMI-CLOSED TYPE, where visitors are not allowed to most of the territory, and it functions as a reserve;

 
RESERVED NATIONAL PARKS, almost completely closed to tourism and preserved in the interests of science.

RESERVE- a territory in which one species of animals or plants, or a group of species, or the entire natural complex is protected. Thus, this term is largely synonymous with a sanctuary or reserve.

The American television channel CNN has ranked the 30 most beautiful national parks in the world. The evaluation criteria were the beauty of nature and picturesque places, safety and hospitality local residents. The TV channel drew attention to the fact that US parks do not participate in the rating.

30 PHOTOS

1. The first place in the ranking was given to the Iguazu Falls National Park in Argentina. Surrounded by tropical nature, the waterfalls on the Iguazu River are considered to be one of the most beautiful and spectacular places on Earth. (Photo: REUTERS/Jorge Adorno).
2. The second place in the ranking was taken by Los Glaciares National Park in Argentina. 30 percent of the park is covered with ice, which is why it is also called the Glacier Park in Patagonia. (Photo: 123 RF).
3. Third place: another National Park of Argentina - Nahuel Huapi, which is located in the Andes at an altitude of 767 meters above sea level. (Photo: 123 RF).
4. Fourth place: Gandoca-Manzanilla National Reserve in Costa Rica.
5. Fifth place in the ranking: Tikal National Park in Guatemala. It includes one of the largest and most famous archaeological sites in the world - the most important center of Mayan civilization Tikal. (Photo: 123 RF).
6. Sixth place in the ranking: Rapa Nui National Park, which is located on Easter Island (Chile) and is famous for its stone sculptures - moai. It is believed that this is the most geographically distant inhabited island in the world from other islands and lands. (Photo: 123 RF).
7. Seventh place: Torres del Paine National Park located in the Chilean part of Patagonia. According to scientists, the park is 11 million years old. (Photo: 123 RF).
8. Eighth place: Canaima National Park, located in the southeast of Venezuela. It is here that the highest waterfall in the world - Angel Falls - is located. (Photo: Flickr/Heather Thorkelson).
9. Ninth place: National Park of the Galapagos Islands in Ecuador. The famous Galapagos tortoises, which gave the name to the islands, are the longest-lived animals - they live for more than two hundred years. (Photo: 123 RF).
10. Tenth place: Cairngorms National Park in Scotland. The park has vast wastelands where birds nest. (Photo: Flickr).
11. Eleventh place: Göreme National Park in Turkey, which is also a museum under open sky- here are 350 carved from the rocks Byzantine churches. (Photo: 123 RF).
12. Twelfth place: Tatzhansky or Tatrinsky National Park is the only high-mountain park in Poland created to protect unique mountain landscapes, flora and fauna. (Photo: Marek Podmokly/Agencja Gazeta).
13. Thirteenth place: Croatian Plitvice Lakes National Park, which includes 16 beautiful karst lakes connected by waterfalls. (Photo: 123 RF).
14. Fourteenth place: Victoria Falls National Park - located on the Zambezi River in Zambia. (Photo: 123 RF).
15. Fifteenth place: Kruger National Park is the oldest park in South Africa, which is part of the Kruger-to-Canyons Biosphere Reserve. (Photo: 123 RF).
16. Sixteenth place: Namib-Naukluft National Park in Namibia. Its area is almost 50 thousand square kilometers, mostly desert, and is one of the largest protected areas in the world. (Photo: 123 RF).
17. Seventeenth place: Mana Pools National Park in Zimbabwe. Even in the dry season, there is a lot of moisture left here, which is very important for the ecosystem and animals. (Photo: Flickr / ninara).
18. Eighteenth place: Murchison Falls National Park in Uganda, on its territory there are many water cascades that waterfowl love. (Photo: 123 RF).
19. Nineteenth place: Halgurd Sakran National Park in Iraq, which includes Mount Halgurd with a height of 3607 meters. (Facebook/press materials).
20. Twentieth place: the deserted Ein Avdat National Park in Israel, which guards the beautiful territories of the canyon, inhabited in the days of the first Christians by monks and Nabataeans. (Photo: 123 RF).
21. Twenty-first place: Zhangjiajie National Park in China. This is where they filmed famous movie"Avatar". (Photo: 123 RF).
22. 22nd Place: Najangsan National Park in South Korea It is especially beautiful in autumn. The park is hidden in the mountains of Najangsan south of Seoul. (Photo: 123 RF).
23. Twenty-third place: Pagsanhan Gorge National Park in the Philippines. It includes the largest waterfalls in the country. According to legend, before the appearance of the waterfalls, two twins lived in this place. Once, after a severe drought, one of them died, then the second twin climbed high rocks and began to curse the gods, when suddenly a spring began to beat from under his feet, which laid the foundation for waterfalls. (Photo: 123 RF).
24. Twenty-fourth place: Minneriya National Park in Sri Lanka, the main pride of which is a large population of elephants. (Photo: 123 RF).
25. Twenty-fifth place: Sundarbans National Park is a tiger and biosphere reserve in India. (Photo: 123 RF).
26. Twenty-sixth place: Bannerghatta National Park in India. Part of the park is nature reserve, where more than a hundred species of birds, many mammals (including elephants, bears, leopards) and insects are under strict protection. There is also an animal rescue center here. (Photo: Flickr / Nisha D).
27. Twenty-seventh place: Bandhavgarh National Park, the largest population of tigers in all of India lives here. (Photo: 123 RF).
28. Twenty-eighth place: Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park in Australia. The famous red-brown mountain Uluru (Ayers Rock) changes its color depending on the angle of the light. (Photo: 123 RF).
29. Twenty-ninth place: Blue Mountains National Park in Australia. The name "Blue Mountains" comes from the blue eucalyptus trees growing on the slopes of the mountains. (Photo: 123 RF).
30. Thirtieth place: Paparoa National Park in New Zealand, the main attraction of which are pancake limestone rocks, as well as beautiful caves. (Photo: 123 RF).