The capital of the Kamchatka Territory is Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Description of the city, climate, time

average temperature in the city by months:

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky through the eyes of a resident. About climate, ecology, areas, real estate prices and work in the city. Pros and cons of life in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Feedback from residents and migrants.

General information and history

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is a Russian outpost on the Kamchatka Peninsula, a city with a unique history and an even more unique location. The city is located on the shore of Avacha Bay Pacific Ocean, while being the base of the Russian Pacific Fleet.

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is one of the oldest cities Far East. The first Cossacks arrived here in 1697. Here they founded a prison and laid storehouses. For more than forty years, new Russians did not stay in Kamchatka, until in 1740 an expedition led by Alexei Chirikov and Vitus Bering on two ships "Saint Apostle Paul" and "Holy Apostle Peter" arrived to explore the Kamchatka land. The names of the ships eventually gave the name to the prison. It became Petropavlovsk.

Forty years later, Petropavlovsk was visited by two British warships "Discovery" and "Resolution" as part of the Third round-the-world expedition of John Cook. Since then, all round-the-world regattas have anchored off the coast of Avacha Bay.

In 1812, the Peter and Paul prison received the status of a city and the name "Peter and Paul Harbor". In the same year, the sovereign approved the "New Regulations on Kamchatka", according to which a specially appointed governor-general was to govern the peninsula. The residence of such a high rank was chosen as the Peter and Paul harbor.

In 1849, the Kamchatka region was formed. The Petropavlovskaya harbor became the regional center. Five years later, the Crimean War echoed loudly in Kamchatka. The main rivals of Russia in that conflict were England and France. Opponents simply tried to tear Russia to pieces by attacking it from several sides. England chose the Far East as a second front. Firstly, the British had an excellent fleet, on which they could quickly deliver their troops there, and secondly, Russia at that time did not have not only the Trans-Siberian Railway, but in general there were sorely lacking roads beyond the Urals, which excluded the possibility of a quick transfer troops from one front to another. Yes, even if there were roads.

Directly from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to Moscow 8400 km. The real road would probably be 10,000 km, and maybe more. How far would the soldiers go? How long would the carts travel? If the soldiers of central Russia went to rescue their Far Eastern comrades, then they would have met the message about the end of the war somewhere in the region of modern Novosibirsk.

Thank God no one had to help. The Far East proved to be brave warriors and defended in heroic battles Peter and Paul harbor. In memory of the brave soldiers, a chapel was erected on Nikolskaya Sopka and a mass grave was made.

More than a century and a half later, in 2011, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky was declared the “City of military glory". The award has found a hero, it's only a pity that it's so late.

Climate and ecology of Petropavsk-Kamchatsky

There are not many places in Russia where you can invite tourists. It is not only possible, but also necessary, to invite tourists to Kamchatka. The nature here is truly unique. The height difference in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky itself is 513.6 meters. The most low point– Level of Avacha Bay. The highest is Mount Rakovaya.

In principle, the whole city is on the hills. There are practically no flat roads. Constant ups and downs. There are practically no small cars with weak engines here, since it is impossible to drive them.

Geographically, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is located south of Moscow, but nevertheless the climate here is much harsher than in the capital. Summer is very cold. It is comparable in average temperatures to Norilsk and Arkhangelsk. Nevertheless, the winter on the peninsula is very warm. It is even milder than the winter in St. Petersburg. Temperature fluctuations throughout the year are small. In August, the average daily temperature is +12.4 °C, and in January - 7.7 °C below zero. That is a difference of only 20.1°C.

Precipitation in Kamchatka falls mainly in autumn and winter. In summer, the peninsula is not hot and very comfortable.

Speaking about the climate of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, it is impossible not to mention seismic activity. The eastern coast of the Kuril Islands, Kamchatka and Japan are the most seismically active places on Earth. In the last century, there was one nine-magnitude earthquake, two eight-magnitude and ten seven-magnitude earthquakes.

The ecological situation in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is quite stable. The air is poisoned mainly by motorists and two local thermal power plants. Since only 183 thousand inhabitants live in the city, and only every sixth of them is a motorist, thirty thousand cars are not capable of causing significant harm to the nature of the city.

The water in the Achinsk Bay, of course, is dirtier than a hundred or even fifty years ago. The reason for this is outdated vessels, from which fuel oil regularly flows. Any other global environmental issues neither in the city nor in the region.

Population of Petropavsk-Kamchatsky

The original inhabitants of the Kamchatka Peninsula are the Kamchadals, or as they are also called, the Itelmens. From time immemorial, Kamchadals settled along the banks of rivers rich in salmon, fished, hunted in the forests. In the Middle Ages, there were frequent wars of Kamchadals against the Chukchi and Evenks. Evenks are mediocre fighters, they did not pose a significant threat and had advantages only when they significantly outnumbered the opponent. Chukchi is another matter. Because of anecdotes, we underestimate this people, although a few centuries ago, when alcohol was not brought to Chukotka, this people held the entire Far East in a tight grip. It's time to even talk about the genocide of Kamchadals by the Chukchi.

Now, of course, the Chukchi are no longer the same. At one time, the Russian Cossacks could not defeat them, then they threw vodka on them. What the army could not do was vodka. And the nation for a couple of centuries has significantly degraded. Now, knowing about the detrimental effect of vodka on the body of indigenous people, strong alcoholic drinks are not sold in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky after 20:00. Many bars do not sell alcohol to residents at all.

Not to say that these measures are noticeable, since the Kamchadals in total mass very little. About 10% of the inhabitants of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. The rest of the people are Russians, Ukrainians and Armenians. The Armenians are engaged in trade in the city, they control two markets here. There are no gypsies on the peninsula.

In principle, the population is quite calm. You can safely walk along the evening streets. Average age a resident of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is 44 years old, while the average life expectancy on the peninsula is 57 years. There are few young people, after school they go west to larger cities, where they try to stay. It is considered the most chic to leave Kamchatka for. Few make this move. Happiness for many - and. And are also considered prestigious cities.

At the moment, more people die in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky than are born. The city reached its peak in 1989, when 286 thousand people lived in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Now the figures are much more modest, about 183 thousand.

Approximately a quarter of residents have higher education. Most often, correspondence received in one of the local branches of universities. In terms of education, city dwellers lag behind the leading regions of the country and are not leaders even in the Far East.

Districts and real estate of Petropavsk-Kamchatsky

From time immemorial, there were no districts in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. At the beginning of the twentieth century, no more than a thousand people lived in the city. Of course, decades later, the situation has changed, but the zoning has not taken root. In 1973, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky was divided into Oktyabrsky and Leninsky districts, in 1988 the districts were abolished.

Now the city is divided into neighborhoods, which are usually separated from each other by mountains or bodies of water. There are microdistricts "Fourth kilometer", "Fifth kilometer", "Sixth kilometer", Northeast, Horizon, Silhouette, Center. In addition, the city includes nearby villages: Nagorny, Avacha, Zaozerny, Radygino, Dalniy, Khalaktyrka, Mokhovaya, Chapaevka, Zavoyko.

There is no such thing as a central street in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. For the right to be called so, Karl Marx Avenue and Sovetskaya Street can argue. Due to the city's hills and uneven terrain, the city occupies a vast territory, but the buildings are very sparse, so it takes a long time to get to socially significant objects from almost anywhere in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

Without exaggeration, we can say that Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is located in one of the most beautiful places in the world. Around the ocean, volcanoes, bays, hills. From the balcony of an ordinary house here you can see such beauty that you have never even dreamed of in any five-star resort. With such a wonderful nature, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky remains one of the most ugly and ugly cities not only in Russia, but probably in the world. Petropavlovtsy absolutely do not appreciate the beauty in which they live, even their houses look like temporary huts or barracks because of this.

The locals here sew up the walls with huge metal sheets, this is done because it blows strongly in the rooms located on the windward side. Winds, by the way, be healthy in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. In general, there are no normal hotels even in the city. The only decent hotel is located half an hour from the city center, among the pines. Near the hotel there are no benefits of civilization, but there is a submarine base.

Petropavlovtsy live every day in anticipation of tremors, but they still do not exist. Periodic earthquakes spoil the whole life of the townspeople. The only positive thing they bring is beautiful bay windows on buildings, but here they are used not for beauty, but for the sake of transverse strength. Each apartment in the Petropavlovsk apartment building has a shockproof ledge with access to a small balcony. In the people, this ledge and this balcony are called the captain's bridge.

In general, Petropavlovtsy are surprisingly lazy people. The thought that there will soon be an earthquake destroys all their positive undertakings in the bud. “An earthquake will destroy everything,” they like to repeat and raise their eyes to the sky. If, for example, a fence collapses in a city, then no one repairs it until something extraordinary happens. The city authorities are as lazy as the residents themselves, having such a chic nature at hand, they absolutely do not want to develop tourism in their region.

Here, after all, there are excellent conditions for skiers, snowboarders, and lugers. No Krasnaya Polyana or the Grand Canyon even stood next to it. We need an active volcano - please. Valley of Geysers? We have it too. But no. Nobody wants anything. Of course, going to the Kamchatka resort will be an expensive pleasure, but there are moneybags who have a rest in Chile, climb the Himalayas. Why can't all these people come to Kamchatka?

If suddenly some crazy traveler is brought to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, then it is best for him to choose the Central microdistrict for life, and if abbreviated, then the center, since it is in it that all the most important city department stores and shops are concentrated. It is from here that transport to all other settlements diverges.

Infrastructure Status

If you imagine Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky as a big dog, and the city infrastructure as dog paws, then the dog will turn out to be lame. The city has terrible roads. Nobody wants to lay more durable concrete, preferring asphalt over it. Light seismic tremors in this area are commonplace. As a result, asphalt is always cracked. Where there are cracks, holes eventually appear. No one patches the pits for a long time. Taxes from residents are regularly taken, but they are not used for their intended purpose. Maybe they are building underground bunker for these funds? Where after the end of the world were all the townspeople able to escape? Unknown.

All utilities in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky are very expensive. Electricity costs 3.47 rubles per kilowatt. Hot water- 18 rubles per cubic meter, cold - 6 rubles. Such prices are explained by the fact that no one wants to receive energy from the wind in Kamchatka. Energy sea ​​tides are also not used. Only thermal power plants remain. City boiler houses cannot cover the entire city. Many microdistricts have their own stokers, where people work who did not study well at school. Stokers smoke the sky very strongly and, in case of an unfavorable wind, can blow into someone's apartments.

The main mode of transport in the city is a bus, and PAZik. The bus traffic pattern resembles the sun. All routes diverge from the city center, and two more run along the perimeter of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Actually, for small town, located on a large territory, it is very difficult to come up with something more convenient. The PAZs, by the way, are very old and often break, and sometimes they can’t handle the climb.

There are enough kindergartens, as well as schools. In the late eighties, a hundred thousand more people lived in the city and all the infrastructure was built for them. Now there are even empty kindergartens. This is not Moscow, no one is interested in vacant premises here. If you walk around the city, you can count several dozen empty buildings.

Despite this, real estate in the city is quite expensive. Renting an apartment on Khreshchatyk, in Kyiv, costs the same as in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Kamchatka is still not up to Moscow prices, but there will still be roofing felts. A one-room apartment without frills costs an average of two million rubles in the city. Two-room - five hundred thousand more expensive, three-room - a million.

Businesses and work in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky

The city-forming enterprise of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is the ocean. Without him, no one would have lived here for a long time, despite all the beauty. OAO Kamchatrybprom, Okeanrybflot, the fishing collective farm named after Vladimir Lenin, ZAO Akros and many small companies operate on the seafood market. The whole industry is controlled by the mafia. Now, however, they call themselves businessmen, but some fifteen years ago, when it was still restless, these same people were shooting at each other, trying to grab a bigger piece of the pie.

It's a shame that most of Kamchatka's seafood is exported abroad, and from there they are imported to Russia already processed. The unwillingness to develop the whole range of production and processing of fish and seafood plays disservice not only for Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, but for the whole country. During the fishing season, hundreds of fortune-seekers come to the city to hire a sailor and go sailing. Sailors often undermine their health in these trips, but at the same time earn very good money.

Not so long ago, the mining industry began to develop in Kamchatka. Gold, platinum, nickel and silver are mined there. Strangers are not allowed into the mines, because for a month of unskilled labor there you can get more than a hundred thousand rubles, which is a very good amount for Kamchatka.

Crime

The most common crimes in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky are somehow related to poaching. In the 90s, the "getters" sorted out the relationship between themselves. Since the 2000s, they have been fighting against law enforcement. Unfortunately, the police in Kamchatka are very corrupt and they do not fight all poachers. Those who pay for their peace of mind experience no discomfort. The rest sometimes have to sweat, hiding from the chase.

There have never been high-profile contract killings in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Basically, only mother nature is stolen or robbed here, so it can be summarized that the city, despite all its dullness, is quite calm.

The city's attractions

In Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, there is no point in boasting about restaurants, bars or theaters. Here all leisure is at a very low level. The food is the same everywhere. Equally bad. The cost of meals is also about the same everywhere. To eat will be on average a thousand and a half per person. It is much cheaper and tastier to meet one of the fishermen who goes to the sea and buy fresh fish and seafood from them. Fishermen sell the most delicious shrimp for a hundred rubles per kilogram.

Boasting in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky should be nature. For example, an active Mutnovsky volcano or a lava cave, 6 meters high. Of course, the valley of geysers deserves a separate discussion, which, although not located in the city itself, is a real symbol of Kamchatka. Who has not been in the valley of geysers, he went to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in vain.

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In the first post-war years, the state was not up to the Kamchatka Peninsula. All funds were spent on the restoration of war-torn villages, towns, cities and the national economy. Kamchatka lived on weak resources, which were only enough to maintain the existing production structures and a minimum of social facilities created almost a dozen years ago.

The war years left their mark on Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Improvement was in a neglected state, the construction industry and the social sphere did not develop. Even in the center of the city, most of the streets were unsuitable not only for cars, but also for horse-drawn vehicles. Leninskaya and Mikoyanovskaya streets were more or less decent. The gravel coating was only on Leninskaya street, and on the rest - unpaved. Any construction was carried out at a slow pace, spontaneously and unplanned. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky was built up mainly with private houses: small frame-fill boxes, as well as barracks, which became the main housing. These buildings appeared wherever the terrain allowed: on the slopes of the Petrovsky and Mishennaya hills, along the road to the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, on the shores of Lake Kultuchnoe. They added a rustic look to the city, not the best option. Within the boundaries of the city of those years, there were a little more than a hundred streets. I had to seize this time.

Finding the Kamchatka region in the composition Khabarovsk Territory negatively affected the development of the distant outskirts of Russia. Many socio-economic issues were not resolved in her favor. This situation seriously affected the well-being of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, but even under these conditions, in the first years of the second half of the 20th century, the city, in spite of everything, became the industrial and cultural center of the region, its role in the economy of Kamchatka increased.

In the late 1940s and early 1950s, new enterprises and organizations began to be created in the city. In August 1946, the former mechanical workshops of the Joint-Stock Kamchatka Society (AKO) on the Ozernovskaya Spit were transformed into mechanical plant, which since July 1954 became the Petropavlovsk Ship Repair and Mechanical Plant (PSRMZ). In 1946, Kamchatrybvod was created, which controlled the fishing of fish and sea animals in the waters surrounding not only Kamchatka, but also Chukotka and the Kuril Islands. Since 1948, bread for Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky began to bake bakery plant No. 1. Before that, bread was produced by several bakeries. In one of them, on Klyuchevskaya Street, after the opening of the plant, a city food processing plant was organized, in which they began to produce confectionery, wine, vodka and soft drinks, and beer. On May 17, 1949, in accordance with the decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the Kamchatka-Chukotka State Shipping Company was organized. In October 1949, the Council of Ministers of the USSR decided to reconstruct the Petropavlovsk seaport and organize a special construction trust for this, which was established in December - construction and installation trust No. 6 of Glavmorstroy. In 1954, the trust was renamed into the construction and installation trust Kamchatmorstroy. In the same year, the construction trust Kamchatmorgidrostroy was organized.

The separation from the Khabarovsk Territory in 1947 of the Sakhalin Region, and in 1948 of the Amur Region, which allowed them to more successfully develop their economy and culture, prompted the Kamchatka Regional Committee of the CPSU and the Kamchatka Regional Executive Committee in 1955 to enter with a petition to the Government of the RSFSR on the separation of the Kamchatka Region from the Khabarovsk Region. the edges .

On January 23, 1956, the Kamchatka region left the subordination of the Khabarovsk Territory and became independent, which had a positive effect on the development of Kamchatka and Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Industry began to develop intensively in it, housing construction became more active and landscaping began to improve. Petropavlovsk has already experienced this twice - in 1849-1855 and 1909-1916, when Kamchatka became independent. The "golden age" of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky began. It can be conditionally defined within the framework of 1956-1991. During this period, a new city was formed, its modern borders were determined.

The "golden age" of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky can be conditionally divided into three stages. First: 1956–1966; the second is 1967–1977; the third is 1978–1991.

The first stage of the "golden age" of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky - 1956-1966. During this period, old and new socio-economic plans for the development of the regional center were intensively implemented. New enterprises and organizations were created, their material and technical base was strengthened. Industrial buildings, workers, housing were in demand. In Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, signs of large-scale construction appeared: new buildings of industrial workshops, schools and hospitals, administrative buildings and residential buildings were laid. Work was actively carried out to open educational and cultural institutions.

The construction industry began to develop most noticeably. The appearance of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky was rapidly changing, which was especially striking and memorable. Especially its historical center, where wooden houses old buildings and high-rise buildings were erected. Housing construction began in many neighborhoods of the city.

Briefly about the individual buildings of this period. In 1956, it was built in the center of the city (No. 52), closer to Kultuchnoye Lake -. The cinema opened on November 5, 1956. There were two cinema halls: "Blue" and "Pink". and the cinema continued a number of stone high-rise buildings on the main street, where the Vostok hotel (Leninskaya, 40), (Leninskaya, 34), a grocery store (Leninskaya, 32) and others, built in 1950 and 1954–1955, were located. In 1957-1960, the construction of the GUM (opened in April 1962), the House of Communications, and the administrative building of the UTRF was underway. With their completion in the early 1960s, Leninskaya Street began to take almost the form that is now open to everyone. Similarly, the face of Sovetskaya Street changed during these years.

In the southern part of the city in 1958, the construction of a group of residential buildings for port workers, shipping company workers and ship repairmen was completed on Krasnaya Sopka, Okeanskaya and Industrialnaya streets. This area, previously cut off from the city center, gradually connected with it. This was also facilitated by the development of public transport. In 1958, passengers in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky were transported by 56 buses and 23 taxis. Since 1959, bus traffic has already reached the village of Industrialny - "5th kilometer - SRV". Until 1967, the bus route increased almost every year or two in a northerly direction along the Elizovskoye Highway to 6, 7 and 10 kilometers. It is worth noting that in the early years, the townspeople at stops took a queue and, according to it, got on the bus. Before ZhBF there was route No. 1, to the sawmill - No. 2 and to SRV - No. 3. These routes had their own numbers for decades. Then routes were already laid in the direction of Khalaktyrsky airport, Seroglazka, Mokhovaya, Avacha and other villages in the suburbs of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

Until the autumn of 1957, the city ended at the 5th kilometer. Next was the territory of the Elizovsky district. By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR dated October 30, 1957, the territory located on the 6th–10th kilometers of the Elizovskoye Highway was included in the city. Basically, these were wastelands with rare islands of private houses.

By this time, the building trusts Kamchatmorgidrostroy, Kamchatrybstroy and Kamchatstroy were striving to master industrial housing construction, which made it possible not only to build individual objects, but also to carry out the complex construction of residential microdistricts. So, in the wastelands at the 5th kilometer, since 1958, the construction of multi-storey residential buildings for fishermen began. Following the example of Moscow, this microdistrict was called Cheryomushki.

Separate figures speak of serious progress in housing construction of those years in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. If in 1954-1958 in the regional center about 60 houses were put into operation through the local Council, and 350 by private individuals, then in 1959-1960 and 6 months of 1961, the state built 204 houses and 278 individual owners.

In 1961, there were 5,650 residential buildings in the city, but only 393 of them were built of concrete blocks and 968 of wooden beams. The remaining 4289 were frame-fill barracks and houses.

Until the second half of the 1950s, the city was not well developed. So, in the village of Industrialny, in the area of ​​​​Krasnaya Sopka, at the 4th kilometer and the 75th section (the area of ​​Pogranichnaya Street), the roads were broken, they did not have ditches and storm drains, and there were no sidewalks on most streets of the city. Such main streets of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky as Sovetskaya, Partizanskaya, Larinskaya (Chirikova), Beringa and Stroitelnaya did not have gravel, not to mention the rest of the streets. The issue of the improvement of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in 1957 was devoted to a meeting of the Bureau of the Kamchatka Regional Committee of the CPSU. The bureau ordered the Petropavlovsk City Executive Committee to start building gravel roads and complete the construction of sidewalks on Sovetskaya, Mikoyanovskaya (Leningradskaya), Ozernovskaya, Klyuchevskaya, Industrialnaya and Ryabikovskaya streets by October 1.

It should be noted that by 1960, most of the streets of the city were put in order, and 14.3 kilometers of the central road of the city were asphalted, and such a road reached the 5th kilometer. In 1960 the city modern borders already had 190 streets.

The separation of the Kamchatka region from the Khabarovsk Territory had a positive impact on the development of industry not only in the region, but also in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Additional funds have been made for this. Particularly large investments were made in the development of the production of the fishing and fish processing industry, in which a new stage began in the second half of the 1950s. Fishing vessels worked in the Okhotsk and Bering Seas, in the Pacific Ocean. The trawl fleet based in the city had such an opportunity. With the receipt of 29 new medium fishing trawlers (SRT) in 1953-1958, it became 60 fishing vessels, and the trawl fleet turned into a powerful fishing organization in the region. On April 2, 1957, the trawl fleet, Kamchatrybflot, and the fishing port merged into one organization - the Marine Active Fisheries Administration (UMAR). In the same year, cooperage production in the settlements of Malaya Lagernaya and Bolshaya Lagernaya was transferred to the management. Already in 1958, new transformations took place. , Kamchatrybflot again became independent enterprises in the Kamchatrybprom system, and the fishing fleet with many auxiliary industries in May 1959 received the name of the Trawl and Refrigerated Fleet Administration (UTRF).

UTRF has become the main city-forming enterprise in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, and the fishing industry has become the main sphere of the city's economy. By 1965, the trawl fleet consisted of more than 130 vessels, including 7 large freezing fishing trawlers, 5 mother ships, 74 medium fishing trawlers and many other vessels. Thousands of people worked in the UTRF team, including famous captains: P. E. Aleshkin, A. A. Kuznetsov, G. V. Meshcheryakov, A. F. Merdov, K. A. Chislov. The leaders of the trawl fleet and the UTRF at different times were: P. A. Demidov, P. I. Anoda, I. P. Chernigovsky, V. P. Potapenko.

Back in 1960, of the three fishing collective farms located on the banks of the Avacha Bay, they were named after. S. M. Kirov, them. IV Stalin and "Red Communication" - was organized in the village of Seroglazka fishing collective farm. V. I. Lenin. M. K. Staritsyn became the first chairman of the collective farm. After him, the chairmen of a large collective farm were: S. I. Novoselov, V. V. Svatkovsky. Famous fishing captains worked on the collective farm: I. I. Malyakin, A. A. Ponomarev, N. I. Hort.

The fishing fleet continued to develop, the ship repair base continued to develop. The Freza ship repair base was added to the ship repair yard and the ship repair and mechanical plant. It was based on the floating dock and floating workshop "Freza", delivered to the Petropavlovsk fishing port in September 1958. In 1960, the base was transformed into the Freza plant.

The creation of new industrial enterprises, the development of the fishing fleet, rapid housing construction ensured the growth of the population of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. In 1959, 85.6 thousand people lived in it, which accounted for 38.8 percent of the population of Kamchatka. The city accounted for 44 percent of the region's gross industrial output.

In 1958, there were 242 retail outlets in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, including kiosks. By 1963, there were already 301 of them. Public catering enterprises were developing. In 1958, the townspeople used 97 canteens and snack bars, and in 1963 there were already 119 of them. In 1960, there were 40 department stores, 21 grocery stores, 5 dairy and 2 vegetable stores in the city. Citizens could bathe in five city baths.

By 1959, there were three cinemas, a drama theater, a local history museum, 11 clubs, 60 film installations, 12 public libraries with 222,000 books at the service of residents. Two were added to the only one in the city in 1958: "Mayak" and the widescreen "October". Nikolskaya Sopka with a park of culture and recreation remained the favorite and only resting place of the Petropavlovtsy. Most of the city's festive events took place on it.

At the initiative of the commander of the Kamchatka military flotilla G. I. Shchedrin, the Museum of Military Glory was built, which opened on the Day navy in 1959. On August 11 of the same year, many Petropavlovtsy attended the grand opening, and in the fall - at the opening of the memorial on Nikolskaya Sopka.

Since the mid-1950s, a circle of creative writers has appeared in the city, united around the regional newspaper Kamchatskaya Pravda. In 1957, a book editorial office was created under the newspaper, which in 1964 became the Kamchatka branch of the Far Eastern Book Publishing House. The first books on the history of Kamchatka, collections of poems and prose by local authors began to be published. Since 1963, the Kamchatka department of the Geographical Society began to periodically publish the collection "Questions of the Geography of Kamchatka".

On July 27, 1958, an opening took place in the village of Zavoyko, to the hero of the Soviet Union, who died during the assault on Japanese fortifications on the island of Shumshu, who closed the embrasure of the enemy bunker with his chest. On July 30, 1963, in the square of the Museum of Military Glory, it was opened to the one who died on October 11, 1942 in the Pacific Ocean from a torpedo attack by an unknown submarine.

The end of the 1950s is characterized by the discovery in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky of many educational institutions, which Kamchatka had previously been deprived of. Because of this, most young people left the peninsula after graduation to continue their education, and never returned here. On August 31, 1958, the first higher educational institution in Kamchatka was opened in a solemn atmosphere. The rector of the institute was an associate professor of the Leningrad Pedagogical Institute. AI Herzen Candidate of Historical Sciences Yu. E. Novikov . AT different years famous people in Kamchatka taught at the institute: L. P. Lelchuk, M. P. Stelnyh, B. V. Busheleva, G. G. Kravchenko. Kamchatka writers and historians graduated from KSPI: E. V. Gropyanov, V. P. Pustovit, S. I. Vakhrin.

To the secondary specialized educational institutions available in the city: Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky nautical and Petropavlovsk medical schools four more were added in 1958–1963. Were opened: September 1, 1958 - Petropavlovsk trade and cooperative technical school; August 1, 1959 - marine fishing technical school; May 13, 1963 - Petropavlovsk Musical College and September 1, 1963 - Petropavlovsk pedagogical school.

Twenty years after the first (1940) celebration of the City Day, this date was remembered. An excerpt from the memoirs of V. I. Alekseev is appropriate here: “In October 1960, the 220th anniversary of the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky was celebrated. On the day of celebration (October 17, according to a new style. - A.P.) on the city square, which at that time was called Teatralnaya, and now bears the name of V.I. Lenin, a city rally of workers took place (it was clear frosty weather with wind. - A.P.). And then a large column of cars with slogans and banners began to approach this square. The trucks were loaded with potatoes and cabbage. Several cars were with cattle, pigs and poultry. It was a gift to the townspeople from the workers of the Elizovsky district for their participation in the rise of agriculture. There were 220 cars, that is, as many as the years of the regional center.

In 1965, his 225th birthday was widely and festively celebrated in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. During the days of the celebration, one of the first chairmen of the Petropavlovsk city executive committee, an active participant in the establishment Soviet power in Kamchatka.

In the center of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky on Nikolskaya Sopka, on October 17, 1961, a television center with a 112-meter television tower was launched; in 1963, new buildings were opened and. In the first half of the 1960s, new enterprises and organizations came into operation. On October 5, 1962, on the basis of the Kamchatka Geological and Physical Observatory and the Laboratory of Volcanology, the Institute of Volcanology of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences was established. The famous volcanologist Boris Ivanovich Piip became the first leader. Scientists S. I. Naboko, E. F. Maleev, S. A. Fedotov worked at the institute for many years.

In 1964, several organizations and industrial enterprises started working at once: February 14 -, July 10 - the Kamchatgrazhdanproekt Institute, October 31 - Southern Electric Networks; December 4 - confectionery factory. On May 30, 1965, the first stage of CHPP-1 came into operation. In 1966, two motor transport enterprises were organized: motorcades 1958 and 1400.

In 1962–1965, it actively continued. So, at the 6th kilometer, a large residential area with a developed social sphere: a school (No. 7), a canteen, a bookstore ("House of Books"), a pharmacy (No. 44), an industrial goods store ("Sputnik"), two kindergartens. During these years, high-rise buildings began to appear in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bschool number 9 on Kutuzova Street. With the commissioning of the Petropavlovsk House-Building Plant on February 8, 1966, the possibilities of builders increased several times.

In 1965, there were 44 day camps in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky comprehensive schools and three vocational schools. Experienced teachers and educators worked in the schools: K. A. Barantseva, E. A. Golovin, E. V. Diordienko, I. P. Oleinikov, L. P. Mamontova, T. D. Zelenova, I. A. Platonova.

During the period of significant changes that transformed the city, the chairman of the Petropavlovsk city executive committee in 1953-1960 was Vladimir Zakharovich Melnikov. He, like none of the chairmen of the city executive committee, had to solve many urban planning, social and other problems during the difficult period of the city's growth, which he successfully coped with.

In 1960-1967 Fedor Konstantinovich Belopotapov was the chairman of the Petropavlovsk city executive committee. Former party worker. In 1947–1950 he was the first secretary of the Ust-Kamchatka district committee of the CPSU(b), and in 1952–1955 of the Sobolevsky RK CPSU.

The second stage of the "golden age" of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky - 1967-1977. Construction during this period covered the entire city. In 1967, several dozen houses were built in the area of ​​the 7th kilometer. Bokhnyak, Voitseshek, Davydov, Tushkanov and Lukashevsky streets appeared on an empty place earlier. They were named in accordance with the decision of the executive committee of the Petropavlovsk City Council of Workers' Deputies, adopted in the fall of 1967. With the opening of the industrial goods store "Silhouette" there, this name has been preserved to this day. The streets of Pogranichnaya, Okeanskaya, Zelenaya Roshcha changed their appearance.

From point building in the old districts of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, builders moved on to mass industrial construction in new free territories. In 1967–1970, selective construction was also carried out in certain areas of the city. Houses were still being built along the "red" line. They were erected on Okeanskaya, Pogranichnaya streets, in the "Silhouette" area. Construction continued in the future Dachny microdistrict. Under it, private houses built in the early 1950s were demolished. By the 1970s, the city center was connected with the southern and northern regions that had previously been cut off from it. In everyday speech, the concepts of Near State Farm, Mangruppa, Shanghai began to disappear. The city began to be perceived as a whole. It stretched along the coast of Avacha Bay for more than 20 kilometers.

During these years, a meat-packing plant, a flour mill, an intercity, bus (February 1, 1967) and a gas station, a new building of a regional printing house, a swimming pool near a bakery, and a Fishermen's House of Culture at the 5th kilometer appeared in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky from a small provincial town, quickly bypassing the middle stage, began to turn into one of major cities Far East. In 1970, 153.9 thousand people lived in it, or 53.5 percent of the inhabitants of the Kamchatka region. On December 28, 1973, two districts were formed as part of the city: Leninsky and Oktyabrsky (the districts were liquidated in 1988).

The chairman of the Petropavlovsk city executive committee in 1967–1968 was Petr Illarionovich Zagoruy; in 1968-1973 - Ivan Gavrilovich Kovalenko.

Multi-storey buildings in the area of ​​the former Petropavlovsk state farm (Kronotskaya and Botanichesky proezd streets), 8-10 kilometers, began to appear in 1970. After their main development, the city entered the free spaces of the former fields of the Petropavlovsk state farm, moving away from traditional construction along the "red" line. Thus, in 1974–1975, the Zazerkalny microdistrict began to be built up.

Housing development has led to the emergence of new streets. In 1973, there were 260 streets in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. They began to more often receive names related to the history of the city and its people. So, in 1971, Molchanov Street appeared, in 1972 - Shturman Elagin, in 1973 - Chubarova, in 1976 - Piip Boulevard.

By the end of the 1970s, the Horizon and Horizon-South microdistricts arose. In the first half of the 1970s, buildings with a distinctive and noticeable architecture were built in the city: the Avacha hotel and the House of Life on Komsomolskaya Square, on 50 Years of October Avenue, the House of Life "Chaika" on Leninskaya Street, the Palace of Pioneers, and in the second half - administrative buildings for the regional executive committee and city executive committee.

On October 31, 1972, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for achievements in economic and cultural construction and for services in the formation and strengthening of Soviet power in Kamchatka. In the same year, the construction of a bypass road from the bakery to the fork of Lukashevsky Street and Karl Marx Avenue began.

The cultural life of the city revived. The published collection "Questions of the Geography of Kamchatka" was supplemented in 1968 with the "Notes of Local Lore", and since 1976 the literary and artistic collection "Kamchatka" began to be published. Since 1974, the Kamchatka Writers' Organization has been leading its history, since 1976 - the Kamchatka branch of the Union of Artists. Local writers and poets are well known on the peninsula: E. V. Gropyanov, G. G. Porotov, V. V. Koyanto (Kosygin), N. V. Saneev, V. P. Kudlin, M. Ya. Zhilin; artists: A. F. Vinokurov, K. V. Kilpalin, V. A. Shokhin, F. G. Dyakov, V. I. Voroshilov, V. A. Belykh, V. P. Sokolov-Shirshov.

Since 1967, the city has had the Kamchatka Choir Chapel, the organizer and leader of which is the Honored Art Worker of Russia, an honorary citizen of the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky; since 1972 - the Kamchatka Chamber Orchestra, the organizer and chief conductor of which in 1972-1997 was the Honored Artist of Russia G. A. Avvakumov.

In 1968, in addition to the only higher educational institution in Kamchatka, the Kamchatka State Pedagogical Institute, one more was added - the Kamchatka branch of the Dalrybvtuz with daytime department specialties: "Industrial fishing" and "Technology of fish products".

The production structure of the regional center also changed. In January 1977, the territorial production department of Glavkamchatrybprom was reorganized into the production association Kamchatrybprom. It included most of the fishing and fish processing enterprises of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Including those that received a new name: UTRF - Trawl Fleet Base (BTF), Ocean Fisheries Administration - Ocean Fishing Base (BOR), Kamchatrybflot - Rybholodflot Base. In addition to them, the association included a tin can factory, the Freza ship repair plant, a fishing gear factory, a radio center, the Petropavlovsk fish cannery and 11 more coastal fish canning plants and fish factories in the region. All together they produced 80 percent of the gross industrial output of the region, and the share of Kamchatka fishermen was 12 percent of the all-Union fish catch.

In 1978, the Department of the fishing fleet (UPF) of the inter-collective farm production association was organized and a cement-grinding plant was put into operation.

In 1975, events in honor of the 30th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War were solemnly held in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. On May 7, 1975, a monument was opened on Komsomolskaya Square in honor of the Kamchatka people who worked in the rear. On - a memorial plaque: "The T-34 tank was installed in honor of the 30th anniversary of the Victory Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945". On May 8, it was opened. On the pedestal on which the torpedo boat stands, there is a memorial plaque: "To the sacred memory of the courage and heroism of the Pacific sailors in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. from the workers of the city. May 8, 1975".

And 1978 was also marked by another event in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. On the filled-in part of Kultuchnoye Lake, next to the administrative building of the Kamchatka Regional Executive Committee, it was opened on November 6, 1978. The Theater Square was renamed the square named after. V. I. Lenin, although she retained her former name in colloquial speech.

From 1970 to 1979, the number of residents in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky increased by 61 thousand people and in 1979 amounted to 214.9 thousand.

The third stage of the "golden age" of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky - 1978-1991. In the 1980s, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky continued to change the face, especially of its surroundings. It is difficult to list the buildings built over the years, but one cannot do without indicating the very noticeable ones that determined the face of the city. The Regional Scientific Library named after A.I. S. P. Krasheninnikova, Pedagogical College, Children's Clinic No. 1. House builders received at their disposal the Avangard sports and cultural complex. A swimming pool was opened on Pobedy Avenue; in the center of the city - "Kholkam" shop, "Bodrost" water and recreation complex. In 1985–1987, the buildings of the regional Department of Internal Affairs were built. December 22, 1985 gave the first current CHP-2. In the last days of 1986, the Geyser hotel complex was put into operation. Since April 1988, the city air terminal and the hotel "Petropavlovsk" began to work. In 1987, the city fountain started working opposite.

During these years, fishing, ship repair, construction and energy enterprises worked steadily. Together with auxiliary and accompanying organizations, they determined the economy of the city and the region. With the development of the socio-cultural infrastructure, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky became attractive to people from the mainland. By this period, the permanent population of the regional center began to form, although the city was crowded with temporary workers.

In 1986, more than 20 research and design institutions and institutes operated in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. They employed 8 doctors, 200 candidates of sciences, about 450 researchers. Among the scientific institutions stood out the Kamchatka branch of TINRO and the Far East scientific center Academy of Sciences of the USSR. There were the Kamchatka State Pedagogical Institute and a branch of the Dalrybvtuz, which in January 1987 became an independent technical university - the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Higher Marine Engineering School (PKVIMU).

The cultural life of the city was greatly influenced by the regional drama theater, music schools and college, two museums, an art gallery (opened in 1985), a book lovers society, the Knowledge Society, the regional scientific library named after. S. P. Krasheninnikov, where the Uykoal local history club has been working since 1982. The Kamchatka branch of the Far Eastern Book Publishing House regularly published the literary and artistic collection "Kamchatka" and the local history collection "Nord-Ost", published books by local poets and prose writers. Positive information about life in Kamchatka, its past and present was given by regional newspapers and television. For residents of the city, 128 public and special libraries, houses of culture and cinemas worked: Mir, Okean, Oktyabr, Parus, Pobeda, Rossiya and Horizont.

Back in 1973, the first memorial plaque appeared in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky indicating who the street was named after. She was dedicated to a participant in the struggle for the establishment of Soviet power in Kamchatka. In the 1980s, the city again began to install commemorative plaques- not only informing about who the street of the city was named after, but also dedicated to the noble people of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. In total, from 1973 to 1990, 12 such boards were installed: V. P. Andrianov, G. G. Porotov, B. I. Piip, N. P. Frolov, S. P. Belyaev, Ya. M. Drabkin, L. S. Molchanov, .

During the years of stable development of the city, the chairmen of the Petropavlovsk City Executive Committee were: in 1973–1984 - Ivan Pavlovich Chernigovskiy; in 1984–1987 - Lev Nikolayevich Egorov; in 1987–1989 - Vyacheslav Ivanovich Shuvaev; in 1989–1990 - Nikolai Rodionovich Zadorozhny.

By the beginning of the 1990s, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky reached the borders where it is located to this day. The coming changes in the state and social structure in the country in 1991–1992, plans to implement good ideas for improving the architecture of the city were pushed back to an indefinite future. However, back in 1989, the issue of building a second house-building plant in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and a grandiose project cultural complex in the historical center of the city. It was then that the definition of "historical center", covering the area from the square to them. G. I. Shchedrin to Kultuchnoye Lake, became known to the general public, and not only to specialists.

In February 1987, Larin, Toporkov and Vitaly Kruchina streets appeared, in September 1988 - Oborona 1854 and Staritsyn streets, in June 1989 - Frolov street and Zavaritsky lane. In 1991, Flotskaya and Anchornaya were added to the list of streets.

Perestroika, which began in 1985 in the country, awakened the political and social activity of people. In March 1989, thousands of residents of the city held a rally at the building of the geological department in the village of Geologists on issues of democracy and power. Then several rallies were held on the square to them. V. I. Lenin. They were also crowded, but then the rally democracy soon ceased. In the wake of the liberalization of political life, public organizations"Initiative", "Memorial" and "Comrade". Regional newspapers were published with unprecedented large circulations. In 1990, the newspaper "Kamchatskaya Pravda" printed 83,700 copies, and "Kamchatsky Komsomolets" - 68,165.

In 1989, 242.5 thousand people lived in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (without closed territorial entities - Petropavlovsk-50, -53, etc.), which accounted for 52.8 percent of the region's population.

By this time, the economy of socialism began to falter, which was reflected in the reduction in the volume industrial production in the country, including food and manufactured goods for the population. Difficult times were approaching Kamchatka, but this did not prevent the 250th anniversary of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky from being widely celebrated in 1990.

The countdown began in 1991 new era: the collapse of the USSR. Russia became a sovereign federal state. The country began to redistribute property. State enterprises passed into the hands of joint-stock companies, became private property. In Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, almost all industrial enterprises and organizations. Many old businesses have ceased to exist. Another era has come.

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky began to experience not the best of his times. In his past, there have already been such periods: the desolation of the settlement after the completion of the Second Kamchatka Expedition in the 18th century, with the transfer of the naval base in 1855 from Petropavlovsk to the mouth of the Amur, forgetfulness in the post-October coup of 1917. However, history preserves the past periods of rapid development of the city, which allowed it not only to be preserved, but also built. Left the most noticeable mark in it and the period of the "golden age" of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 1998. - 624 p.

9. Kamchatka in the second half of the 20th century: (memoirs of contemporaries). - M., 2005. - 494 p.

11. V. R. Lyutikov With the brand "Freza" // "It is necessary to sail on the sea ...". - Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 1998. - 624 p.

12. Martynenko V. P., Zakharova N. I. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Brief chronicle of events (1917–1988) // Kamchatka: coll. - Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 1990. - 182 p.

13. National economy of the Kamchatka region: stat. Sat. - Khabarovsk, 1966. - 150 p.

15. Ostroukhov C. Builders of the sea gates of Kamchatka // Kamchatskaya Pravda. - 1979. - 21 Dec.

16. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 1740–1990: the history of the city in Doc. and remember. - Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 1994. - 504 p.

21. Councils of the North-East of the USSR (1962-1982): Sat. doc. and materials. - Magadan, 1986. - 360 p.

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky,
April 2015
Published for the first time.

The city got its name in honor of the ships "St. Peter" and "St. Paul", who took part in the Kamchatka expedition.

Interestingly, it is in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky that the base of the Russian Pacific Fleet is deployed. There are also 2 universities in the city, as well as the Institute of Volcanology and Seismology.

Tourists should visit Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to admire unique nature edge, to see the world-famous volcanoes with your own eyes. Despite the apparent remoteness from civilization, the tourist infrastructure of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is quite well developed: city guests can stay in modern hotels and visit the excellent restaurants of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

Climate

The climate of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is very severe, but the winter in the city is warmer than in Siberia at the same latitudes. The average air temperature in the year in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is +1.9 °С.

Story

The history of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky began in the 18th century, when a navigator named Yelagin entered a previously unknown bay on his sailboat. Yelagin decided that the base of the expedition would be located here. In 1740, a house for officers, a church, barracks and warehouses were erected here.

In 1740, Bering named the harbor Petropavlovskaya.

In 1779, the bay was first visited by foreign ships, commanded by Charles Clark, the deputy of the great James Cook.

It is interesting that the history of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky was not always the history of a big city: for example, only 14 local ladies attended the city ball in 1787.

In 1822, the harbor began to be called the Petropavlovsk Port, since 1924 the history of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky began directly.

Today Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is a large industrial and cultural center of the Kamchatka Territory. The history of the city is reflected in the names of its streets; guests are told about it by numerous monuments of the city.

Attractions

The main attractions of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: Theater Square, former area Lenin (with a statue of the leader and a monument in memory of the tragically interrupted circumnavigation of the 18th century under the leadership of Jean-Francois de La Perouse), monuments to Vitus Bering (it was from here that the expedition to the shores of America started) and another "circumnavigator" Charles Clark, the memorial complex "Battery Maksutov" in honor of the heroic defense of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky from the Anglo-French troops during Crimean War 1854

Orthodox monuments of the city - Holy Temple Life-Giving Trinity, the main cathedral of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, and the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker.

It is worth visiting the State Museum of Kamchatka - here are exhibits telling about the ancient history of the Kamchatka Territory: dioramas of primitive settlements, ancient cannonballs and flags, materials about largest eruption Tolbachik volcano and maps of the development of the territory of Alaska. You can learn more about Volcanic Kamchatka at the Institute of Volcanology, where informative, but not at all boring lectures are held.

Natural beauties of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: Avachinsky Bay and Petrovskaya Sopka, Mishennaya Sopka with fantastic views from its top to three "home" volcanoes - Avachinsky, Koryaksky and Kozelsky. You should definitely visit the Zavoyko beach with volcanic black sand - admire the sea distances and the picturesque coastline and watch a colony of funny hatchet birds. Also popular are boat trips along the Avacha Bay with the observation of a natural monument - the Three Brothers rocks and swimming in open ocean to Starichkov Island.

Tours

Excursions in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky include visiting hot springs, volcanoes, helicopter excursions to the world-famous Valley of Geysers, as well as visiting the Uzon volcano caldera.

In addition, horseback riding and boat trips around the area are popular among tourists.

It is also interesting to go on a sightseeing tour of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky with a visit to numerous museums of the city.

Sports and active recreation

Active recreation in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is different kinds sports tourism, boat trips, rafting on the rivers of the region and, of course, fishing.

It is noteworthy that skiing and mountaineering bases function on the slopes of the Kozelsky volcano. Tourists can climb the slopes of this volcano without the need for special equipment.

In addition, several ski bases operate within the city - Edelweiss, Centralnaya, Krasnaya Sopka, and so on. There are also biathlon tracks here, and every year in April, international biathlon competitions are held in the city.

In Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, there is also a sports and recreation complex "Zvezdny".

Kitchen

Fish and seafood are the basis of the local cuisine. Here everything is just "from the abyss" - the freshest, cooked simply, but very tasty. Another "feature" of the gastronomic Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is the abundance of friendly Japanese and Korean cuisine establishments. The sushi here is simply excellent - the contrast with the assortment of Moscow's pompous sushi restaurants is especially striking. At the same time, the prices are more than reasonable - 200-300 rubles for a fixed sushi lunch. One of the most popular restaurants is Yamato in the Planeta shopping center on Lukashevsky Street. You can taste Korean dishes at the Korea House restaurant on Leninskaya Street - in addition, it is located in a stunningly beautiful historical building with a panoramic view of the bay. For great seafood cuisine, go to the San Marino restaurant on Karl Marx Street - by the way, in addition to delicious fish dishes, you can try elk and reindeer meat here.

Accommodation

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky hotels are modern hotels that provide tourists with excellent conditions for recreation.

Hotels in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky for tourists with limited funds - "Albatross", "Geyser", "Rus" and so on.

Hotels in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky more high category- 3 * - "Avacha" and "Petropavlovsk", the cost of living per day - from 3.5 thousand rubles.

shopping

From Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky it is worth bringing carved items made of wood and bone (mammoth tusk, walrus tusk, whalebone, bighorn sheep and elk horns), fur and leather items of clothing - from cute cases for mobile phones to "coachman" bear fur coats, in which not the most terrible severe frost. Interesting little things come across among the national attributes of the aboriginal population - all kinds of images of totem animals, amulets and amulets, hats, costumes, tambourines and home decoration items, as well as jew's harps. In addition, it is worth paying attention to hunting trophies - animal skins, horns and stuffed animals.

You can buy the above in the souvenir section of the good old GUM - the main department store of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, in art salons and private souvenir shops in the historical center of the city.

In Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, it is very profitable to buy equipment for hiking, climbing and other active sports: the brands here are the same as in the capital's stores, but the prices differ for the better.

Transport

The main attractions of the city are conveniently located in its center in a touristic way, and at the same time very compact - so you can get an idea in in general terms quite possible during a walking tour.

In addition, you can travel around Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky by buses, minibuses, affectionately called “mikriks” here, or taxis. "Mikriki" ply through all the more or less significant streets of the city; landing is carried out according to the “all-Russian” type: wave your hand at an approaching car with the desired number on the windshield, climb inside and give the driver the money for the fare (20 rubles for any distance) and announce the desired disembarkation point in advance and loudly. Buses move mainly along the central streets of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, but there are also suburban ones. A bus ride within the city limits will cost 16 rubles, the fare must be paid to the driver at the exit. A taxi voyage in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky will cost between 60-180 rubles.

How to get there

The fastest and, without exaggeration, indispensable way (with our domestic distances!) Is to arrive in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky by plane. Regular flights from Moscow are operated by Aeroflot, Transaero and Vim-Avia. Travel time - from 8 to 8.5 hours. Transaero also flies from St. Petersburg. S7 and Vladivostok Air fly to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky from Novosibirsk, Vladivostok, Khabarovsk and Krasnodar, and Ural Airlines from Yekaterinburg.

The airport of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky "Yelizovo" is located 30 km from the city center. You can overcome this distance by municipal buses No. 102 and No. 104 for 25 RUR (travel time - about 45 minutes) or by taxi - such a trip will cost 400-500 rubles.

Russia is rich in unique places. One of them is the capital of the Kamchatka Territory. And history, and location, and surrounding nature of this city are unusual and interesting, which makes this place a source of pride for the population and an object of desire for tourists. Let's talk about the features of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, its climate, structure and sights.

The geographical position of the city

In the north-east of Russia is one of the most amazing regions of the country - Kamchatka. The capital of the Kamchatka Territory is located in the Pacific Ocean, which is connected to it by a narrow strait. The city covers an area of ​​360 sq. km. Its relief is complex, with large elevation differences. The lowest point is Avachinskaya Bay (0-5 m above sea level), and the highest is Mount Rakovaya (513 m above sea level).

The whole city is located on the hills, so the roads consist of some ups and downs. Several streams flow on the territory, the rivers of Krutoberega and Taenka, there are lakes. Therefore, there are no difficulties with providing residents with water. The city is located in one of the most earthquake-prone areas of the earth. Small earthquakes happen here very often. Major, devastating disasters are rare, but the population is always ready for them.

The city is located at a distance of almost 12 thousand kilometers from Moscow, so all residents of the European part of the country are always interested in the question, what time is it in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, when, say, 9 am in the capital? The time difference with Moscow is 9 hours. Therefore, when it is 9 am in the capital, it is already 6 pm in Kamchatka.

Climate and ecology

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is located in close proximity to the Pacific Ocean. This fact forms the climate of the settlement: it is temperate maritime, monsoonal. The location determines the specifics of the local weather: there are cool and fairly dry summers, mild, long winters. The region is characterized by high rainfall - about 1200 mm per year. The wettest months are October and November, with the least rainfall in June.

The region experiences year-round instability of the weather, exposure to the strong influence of cyclones. Summer begins in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in June and lasts until the end of August. But the capital and the regions feel an acute shortage of heat. Despite the fact that the region is located at the same latitude as Moscow and Tambov, the air temperature here rarely rises above 17 degrees in summer. True, during this period there is little rain. And that makes summer comfortable.

Winter begins in the region in November and ends in April. At this time falls the largest number precipitation. The average temperature in January is minus 7 degrees. But snow and rain and biting winds make this weather very unpleasant. The best time of the year in the city is autumn. In September, dry sunny weather is usually set without winds. But in the region, everything is relatively safe from the point of view of ecology. There is no malicious industry here. The main source of pollution is a person and a car. But since there are not very many of both, the air and water in Kamchatka are quite clean.

History of the settlement

The capital of the Kamchatka Territory was created by the discoverers of the region at the beginning of the 18th century. Before that, the local population lived here - Kamchadals and Chukchi. In the middle of the 17th century, Russian Cossacks got here and announced the annexation of the lands to the Russian Empire. But for another four decades, only small prisons were built here. This continued until Ivan Elagin went to these places to study these territories. He, still going on an expedition, looked after the bay as the most convenient place for anchoring ships. Yelagin measured the depth off the coast and confirmed its navigability.

In 1740, an expedition led by A. Chirkov arrived here on ships that gave the name to the new settlement. At first it was called Petropavlovsk. But, except for a small prison and the name, nothing appeared in this place for another 70 years. Over the years, several expeditions arrived here, but the inhabitants did not increase. At the beginning of the 19th century, Catherine the Great issued a decree on the development of local lands and the creation of a city called Peter and Paul Harbor. From this moment, the development of the settlement begins.

The British and French claimed new lands. Local Cossacks had to keep a severe defense. Later, the city once again had to defend its independence, fighting off the Japanese during World War II. Since the 30s of the 20th century, the region has been actively developed. The city is growing, shipyards and the necessary infrastructure for life appear in it. But living conditions here have always remained harsh. AT Soviet time several educational institutions are opened here, mainly of the marine profile.

City Features

The main specific feature of the settlement is its remoteness from mainland". Despite the fact that the city is connected with other regions of the country by the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky airport and the highway, the cost of air tickets makes this settlement inaccessible to many. This leads to the fact that there are few visitors to the village, most often from tourists there are representatives of Japan and China. Therefore, the city is poorly prepared to receive the influx of guests.

The first question visitors ask is: what time is it in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky compared to Moscow, Novosibirsk, etc.? Then they start looking for the usual tourist service. And they are surprised to find that they can find almost nothing of the way. Another feature of life in the capital of Kamchatka is the rather high prices in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. All products are delivered here from afar. This explains their high cost.

Administrative division

Initially, the small town did not have any division into districts. But in Soviet times, they tried to artificially divide the settlement into three districts. This innovation did not take root, and later the division was canceled. Today, the city consists of microdistricts, according to which people orient themselves in space.

The main streets of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky are Sovetskaya and Karl Marx Avenue. Around them are grouped many significant objects of the city. But in general, the settlement has a large length, which is sometimes a problem for residents who need to get to some remote places. The population density is 500 people per sq. km.

Population

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky today has 180 thousand people. After perestroika, the city is going through hard times. If in 1991 there were 273,000 people living here, today the number of citizens is reduced by at least 1,000 every year. Despite a moderate increase in the birth rate and a decrease in mortality, it is not possible to stop the decline in the number of inhabitants. People are leaving the city due to the poor quality of life and declining economic performance. The indigenous population of the region - Kamchadals - is also gradually declining. Today there are just over 100 of them in the city.

Economy

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is the economic center of the Kamchatka Territory. Administrative power is concentrated here, several educational institutions operate. Fish processing enterprises bring the main income to the city. But with the advent of modern fishing and processing companies in other settlements of the region, the importance of this industry in the capital is falling.

The authorities are betting on mining industry. In Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, companies are opening for the extraction of gold, nickel, silver, and platinum. However, the city has a high unemployment rate. Despite the fact that the official figure does not exceed 2%, in reality there are much more unemployed people. The average unemployed person in the city is a man aged 37 with higher education. And the main vacancies are related to seasonal activities for catching and processing fish.

Attractions

The capital of the Kamchatka Territory cannot boast of any special architectural and historical sights. The main monuments are associated with the discoverers of Kamchatka. In general, the city is not very beautiful. It is additionally disfigured by sheets of iron, with which residents insulate the facades of their houses. The metal rusts and creates a feeling of abandonment and dying.

The main attraction of the region is nature. These are active volcanoes, geysers, beautiful landscapes, ocean. The landscape is presented almost untouched. Tourists are invited to National parks and nature reserves to see the spawning of salmon and the hunting of bears for them, the flowering of wild rosemary, the tranquility of autumn landscapes. Guests are also offered skiing: there are several good slopes within the city.

City infrastructure

The city gives the impression of a bit of an abandoned and abandoned settlement. And the reason for this is the aging infrastructure of the Soviet era, bad roads. The only modernized place is the airport. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is little repaired and built. Residents are in constant expectation of an earthquake. Therefore, there is very little private construction here, and the state does not have enough funds to subsidize the city. There is an acute shortage of good hotels in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. The best places to stay are outside the city.

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky - the capital of the Kamchatka Territory

The founding date of the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is October 17, 1740. On this day, the ships of the Second Kamchatka Expedition headed by Vitus Bering and Alexei Chirikov moored to the shores of Avacha Bay. The city was originally named Peter and Paul prison by the names of the packet ships "Saint Apostle Peter" and "Holy Apostle Paul". The city received its modern name in 1924.

Stella at the entrance to the city "Packet boats St. Peter and St. Paul"

The city is located in a picturesque place, on the one hand it is washed by Avacha Bay, by the way it is considered the largest in the world, on the other hand, the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is “guarded” by home volcanoes: Koryakskaya Sopka, Avachinsky Sopka, Kazelsky volcano. The architecture and buildings of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and its environs are mostly gray and monotonous. Faceless stalinkas and Khrushchevs side by side with the same faceless new buildings. There are museums in the city: the Museum of Local Lore, the Museum of Military Glory, many historical monuments, among them: monuments to navigators Vitus Bering, La Perouse, Charles Clark, a monument to the defenders of the city - Maksutov Battery.

earthquakes

Along the entire eastern coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula and near Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky passes Pacific seismic belt, so small and medium earthquakes happen quite often. Residents have become accustomed to living in anticipation of an earthquake.
There have been no destructive earthquakes in the last 50 years and are not expected. But due to the high seismic activity In the region, residential and administrative buildings are constantly seismically strengthened, which makes some buildings look menacingly ugly, like from films about the world apocalypse.

This is how one of the educational buildings of KamchatGTU looks like

Climate

Winters in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky soft and snowy. The average winter temperature is about - 6 degrees by Celsius. Snow blizzards (blizzard locals call snowstorms) usually take place from November to early May. In the most snowy winters, the snow reaches the windows of the 2nd floor of high-rise buildings. Due to snowy winters and mountainous terrain, 4WD vehicles are popular in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. For the same reason, skiing is very popular in Kamchatka: alpine skiing, snowboarding, cross-country skiing. Directly in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky itself there are many ski slopes and ski schools. Very popular winter tourism: Heli-ski, downhill skiing, swimming pool with hot water in Paratunka, this is a short list of tourist attractions in winter in Kamchatka.

Summer in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky cool and short. At local residents popular joke: - Why are you so white? Was there no summer? - It was summer, but I was at work that day ...". The average daily temperature of the warmest month, August, +13 degrees. Climatic summer (a period with average daily temperatures above 15 degrees) does not happen every year.
Active types of tourism are popular in Kamchatka in summer: climbing volcanoes, river rafting, fishing.

So, if you are not afraid of a long 8-hour flight to Kamchatka, if you have a desire for adventurous and romantic trips, pack your suitcase and Welcome to Kamchatka! There is so much to see and do on holiday!

3D virtual tour to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky

Panoramic view of the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky from the Mishennaya Hill

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky today photo

You can see in the photo what the weather is now in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. The webcam is located in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky on the building at 9 Piip Boulevard