What is creativity. They have their own opening hours.

ESSAY

Creativity in human life

Introduction

creativity personality self-improvement

When we talk about creativity, we first of all mean great people - writers, artists, scientists. However, each person is engaged in creativity in his life - when he tries not only to mechanically perform his work, but also to bring something of himself into it, to improve it in some way. Wherever the purpose of activity is born from the depths of the human spirit, creativity takes place. Wherever a person works with love, taste and inspiration, he becomes a master.

The question has long been raised before people: where does the new come from, new idea, new thought? After all, a new thought does not consist of the sum of old ones, otherwise there would be no problem of creativity at all, everyone could create, like new ideas.

You can sort through the knowledge gained at school and read from books as much as you like - you will not create anything new. You need to change yourself. You need to become capable of creativity, learn to be surprised at the world all the time, all the time to see secrets and problems where the other does not see anything of the kind. Creativity is a way of life.

The purpose of my essay is to study the role of creativity in human life. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved in the abstract:

The attitude to creativity in various eras;

Possible occurrences of creativity in human life are analyzed;

Conclusions are drawn about the significance of creativity and its existence in the life of every person.

In my essay, I tried to reveal creativity not only as a form of interaction between society and the individual, but also as a phenomenon and concept that are considered at the level or at the philosophical level. psychological research and generalizations, or in relation to specific areas human activity. I tried to reveal creativity, precisely as the essential power of a person, as the basis of life.

1. Creativity. Attitude towards creativity different times

Creativity is a process of human activity that creates qualitatively new material and spiritual values. Creativity is the ability of a person to create from the material delivered by reality (on the basis of knowledge of the laws of the objective world), which has arisen in labor. new reality meeting the diverse social needs. The types of creativity are determined by the nature of creative activity (creativity of the inventor, organizer, scientific and artistic creativity, etc.).

Attitudes towards creativity in different eras changed dramatically. AT Ancient Rome in the book, only the material and the work of the binder were valued, and the author had no rights - neither plagiarism nor forgery was prosecuted. In the Middle Ages and much later, the creator was equated with a craftsman, and if he dared to show creative independence, then it was not encouraged in any way. The creator had to make a living in a different way: Molière was a court upholsterer, and the great Lomonosov was also valued for utilitarian products - court odes and the creation of festive fireworks.

And only in the XIX century. artists, writers, scientists and other representatives of the creative professions were able to live by selling their creative product. As A.S. Pushkin, "Inspiration is not for sale, but you can sell a manuscript." At the same time, the manuscript was valued only as a matrix for replication, for the production of a mass product.

In the 20th century, the real value of any creative product was also determined not by its contribution to the treasury of world culture, but by the extent to which it can serve as material for replication (in reproductions, television films, radio broadcasts, etc.). Therefore, there are differences in income, unpleasant for intellectuals, on the one hand, representatives of the performing arts (ballet, musical performance, etc.), as well as businessmen mass culture and, on the other hand, creators.

Society, however, has at all times been divided into two spheres human activity: otium and oficium (negotium), respectively, leisure activity and socially regulated activity. Moreover, the social significance of these areas has changed over time. In ancient Athens, biostheoretikos - theoretical life - was considered more "prestigious" and acceptable to a free citizen than biospraktikos - practical life.

In ancient Rome, vitaactiva - active life (negotium) - was considered the duty and main occupation of every citizen and head of the family, while vitacontemplativa - contemplative life - and leisure in general were little valued against the backdrop of civil service. Perhaps that is why all the brilliant ideas of antiquity were born in Ancient Greece, and the Romans embodied them in articles of Roman law, engineering structures and brilliantly shaped manuscripts that popularized the works of the great Greeks (for example, Lucretius).

During the Renaissance, at least in the minds of the ideologists of humanism, the primacy of leisure dominated practical activities, which was supposed to serve only as a source of means for the development of the individual in his free time from performing social and practical tasks. Modern times put the Cause in the first place (in particular, through the mouth of Goethe's Faust), and narrowed otium to a bourgeois hobby.

Interest in creativity, the personality of the creator in the XX century. is connected, perhaps, with the global crisis, the manifestation of the total alienation of man from the world, the feeling that by purposeful activity people do not solve the problem of man's place in the world, but further delay its solution.

The main thing in creativity is not external activity, but internal activity - the act of creating an "ideal", an image of the world, where the problem of alienation of man and environment is resolved. External activity is only an explication of the products of an internal act. The features of the creative process as a mental (mental) act will be the subject of further presentation and analysis.

Highlighting the signs of a creative act, almost all researchers emphasized its unconsciousness, spontaneity, the impossibility of its control by the will and mind, as well as a change in the state of consciousness.

With the leading role of the unconscious, its dominance over consciousness in the process of a creative act, a number of other features of creativity are also associated, in particular, the effect of “powerlessness of the will” during inspiration. At the moment of creativity, a person is not able to control the flow of images, to arbitrarily reproduce images and experiences.

Spontaneity, suddenness, independence of the creative act from external causes is one of its main features. The need for creativity arises even when it is undesirable. At the same time, the author's activity eliminates any possibility of logical thought and the ability to perceive the environment. Many authors take their images for reality. The creative act is accompanied by excitement and nervous tension. All that remains for the mind is processing, giving a complete, socially acceptable form to the products of creativity, discarding the superfluous and detailing.

Creativity is what helps people achieve great success in life. Exactly creative people become world celebrities and the first historical figures. Leonardo da Vinci, A. Suvorov, A. Einstein, L. Tolstoy, G. Heine, S. Prokofiev, B. Gates, an unknown baker from a nearby bakery and a great many famous and unknown names, representatives of various professions can continue this list - the list people who have shown a creative approach in any kind of activity and who have realized their abilities in any field.

As a rule, relatives and friends, bending over the cradle of a baby, catching his first movements and reaction to the world around him, prophesy a great future for the newborn. The imagination of parents in this area has no boundaries. Here, hypotheses are fruitfully put forward about who is in front of them. Most likely, this is the future great (great): scientist; commander; composer; pop performer; athlete; fashion model; entrepreneur; religious figure, etc. But these assumptions remain only assumptions, nothing more, because. the field of personality realization is boundless and implies two extremes of the level of self-realization achieved by a person - this is genius and mediocrity, a mediocre and direct personality.

2. Creativity as a human companion from birth. Creativity as a result of self-improvement

The question of the presence of a person's creativity and the need for self-realization has been and is relevant from ancient times to our time. The ability to create - what is it, a given or the result of a person's enormous efforts on the path of development and self-improvement? There is no single answer to this question, and it is unlikely that anyone will ever be able to answer it exhaustively.

An animal or plant adapts itself to its environment purely biologically; either for this he develops the necessary organs, or the necessary behavior develops, or with the help of special physiological processes etc. Man, along with biological adaptations, received from nature one more, purely social adaptation. It consists in the fact that a person purposefully changes the surrounding nature, adapting it to himself, while making it possible to realize the potential for the development of nature. In this way, he becomes an essential and powerful factor in its development (more essential and powerful than animals). It is the process of such transformation that is usually called creativity.

Such creativity is a human need. If it were not inherent in us, we, being weak biological beings, would not be able to adapt to the physically strong world around us and would inevitably die. People are forced to oppose their own strength to the strength of the surrounding world, and this strength is created in the process of their creative activity.

These forced actions, as in the case of the acquisition of new knowledge, are also supported by the great pleasure, joy that a person receives during the period of creativity and upon the successful completion of a creative work, regardless of whether this work is performed in the process of mental or physical labor. The power of satisfaction from creativity is even stronger than the pleasure derived from the acquisition of new knowledge, which was mentioned earlier. This satisfaction is the pleasure of triumph over the world around us and cooperation with it, the pleasure of struggling with the difficulties that life puts before us, the joy of being a trailblazer on a path that others have not been able to pass so far, the pleasure of reaching new heights, new achievements, the joy of contribution to improving the lives of others. This is an exciting feeling of competition with the same creators and with myself (I could not do this before), a feeling of pride in the results of my creative work, people need. All this has a positive effect on the state of each person, society as a whole.

But in addition to a favorable effect, there are often observed adverse effects. The unfavorable influence of creativity arises when it is not aimed at the benefit of society, but only at obtaining personal pleasure from it. And this happens when the satisfaction from creativity takes the form of pleasure from dominating the surrounding world, which supposedly manages to change at will. To what such creativity leads, we will say a little later.

Because of the satisfaction, pleasure that a person who performs a creative act receives, work based on creativity, out of duty for the sake of survival, profit, etc. turns into pleasure. Anyone who has even a little contact with creativity knows this. So the authors of these lines, while creating this pamphlet, also receive great satisfaction, which, without any coercion, encourages them to engage in this creative work.

At the same time, the direction and quality of creativity significantly depend on the nature of the interest of society and its ability to provide initiation, the process of creativity, bringing the results of creativity to the level of readiness for their perception and use, and, finally, ensure their use itself.

Creativity is based on the creator's knowledge and skills. Knowledge and skills are a social product. Creativity is also not a matter of only one person, but a matter of the whole society, especially since they often create not alone, but in whole teams. Creativity too social phenomenon.

Moreover, since creativity is associated with the transformation of the world around us, and therefore is a factor in its change, its development, its evolution, has its impact on the whole world, it can be considered not only a social, but a universal phenomenon.

So the ancestor of a person could be considered a person only when he developed the ability to create, and he realized this ability. Animals have almost no such ability; they, as far as we know, in contrast to the ability to extract and use knowledge, in fact, do not even have the rudiments of creative activity, which is what makes a person different from them. Since the dawn of creativity in human society it continues to make us happy and sad throughout our history. Moreover, the scale of creative activity increased exponentially on the basis of the same growth of knowledge, skills and previous creative achievements.

The rapid growth of creativity, on the one hand, generally improves people's lives, and on the other hand, becomes dangerous for it. The danger lies in the following.

Creatively transforming the surrounding world at will, striving to adapt it to himself, a person, willy-nilly, interferes in the course of natural natural processes that occur independently, independently of him and do not need outside interference. By doing this, he forces the world around him to change, regardless of his readiness for change, by which he commits an act of violence against the surrounding nature, the scale of which, with the growth of human power, has already increased to menacing proportions.

He interferes in the affairs of other people and entire nations, interferes in the processes occurring inside organisms, cells, molecules, in processes occurring in water bodies, in soil, in the atmosphere, in space, etc.

Intoxicated by the success of such violence, man imagined himself almost to be God, believing that he could subjugate everything to himself. It's only a matter of time: some processes can become subject to his will today, and others - tomorrow. And is it really so? Is man omnipotent in nature? Is the expression attributed to Archimedes: “Give me a foothold, and I will turn the world upside down” true?

It turns out not. It has long been noted that forced transformation, change does not bring the desired success. As far back as 1883, F. Engels expressed an idea on this in his Dialectic of Nature: “Let's not be too deceived by our victories over nature. For each such victory, she takes revenge on us. Each of these victories, however, has, first of all, the consequences that we counted on, but secondly and thirdly, completely different unforeseen consequences, which very often destroy the significance of the first. . Previously, Hegel called such an effect in relation to social processes "the irony of history." And this happens because such interference disrupts the natural course of processes that the creator wants to change at will, regardless of their objective independence from the desire of a person, with the possibility of changing only an object ready for this, without full knowledge possible consequences, which is fraught with an unfavorable outcome, both for the process itself and for the human creator who changes it.

The denial of human omnipotence and the punishment of people who do not take this reality into account is also indicated by any religion that imposes a taboo (prohibition) on attempts to change the surrounding nature and interfere in processes that are not subject to it. According to various religious beliefs, they are subject only to a certain deity, who does not allow a person to invade a world alien to him and punishes him for this invasion. Such beliefs, of course, were based on the experience of a person who, at every step, feels his weakness before the forces of nature, the personification of which was God, kind and evil spirits etc. They already then - at the time of their appearance, at the dawn of the development of mankind - warned man: your attempts to forcibly change the world independent of you will be unsuccessful and end in disaster for you (God's punishment).

We live in a class society in which domination and violence of some over others is natural. The person in him constantly feels competition and dictate over the special side of other people in determining his own social behavior: children - on the part of their parents, students - on the part of teachers, workers - on the part of their superiors, soldiers - on the part of commanders, the poor on the part of the rich, etc. And dictators, small and large, having this or that power over others, inevitably use it for violent actions over the latter. Violence in our society is universal. So we grow creators-dictators, from whose creativity, its violent nature, everything around suffers, and with the current many-fold increased possibilities, such an unreasonable, violent transformation of the environment can lead to the destruction of humanity altogether.

Others may say (and say) that since humanity is so unreasonable that it is ready to commit suicide, then let it destroy itself. Nature will not suffer from this. Having said this, they will be fundamentally wrong. Nature will still suffer from the death of mankind and, perhaps, this will be a real catastrophe for the world around us and even a catastrophe on a universal scale. There is only one way out in this situation: in the destruction of the system of domination of some over others, the power of some over others, which give rise to violence, including the violent nature of creativity. Domination should not rule in human society. It is not found anywhere in nature, except, as with us - people, nowhere is there domination of one over the other. Mutual assistance, cooperation, interdependence of all from each other should rule, as is the case between the mentioned pairs of integral objects. These objects are integral because they are interdependent. Because of this, it is impossible to destroy them, since each part of this pair separately, one without the other, cannot exist for a long time. And they only exist in pairs. The destruction of one component of the pair automatically leads to the disappearance of the other. In the case of the elimination of domination in human society, the same rule applies: if there is no master, there will be no subordinate who serves as an object of violence on the part of the master. And in the absence of the phenomenon of domination in society, it will naturally disappear from creativity.

In manifestation creativity there is nothing unexpected and surprising: these abilities are inherent in everyone since childhood. They are often simply forgotten. Remember your childhood, when you, using the pictures you saw, heard or read from someone else's life, stored in your memory, purely intuitively, on your own imagination, composed such stories that adults, if they managed to hear them, were only amazed. No wonder children are considered the biggest dreamers. Unfortunately, as people grow up, in their activities they increasingly use logical operations with a gradually accumulating false information and by this they drive their former creative abilities deeper and away from real knowledge, problems and opportunities. But they can be extracted if you neutralize thinking and give free rein to intuition, unstoppable human fantasy and imagination - mental intuitive actions, as suggested above (for example, to retire or leave the situation that prevents you from listening to the “inner” voice, or by an effort of will to retire mentally).

A person most often does not have full knowledge about the interdependencies of the created object with its environment, although ideally it is desirable that they be avoided. negative effects from creativity. And time complete knowledge no, then from a creative act one should not expect a result planned the day before, or, in extreme cases, expect an immediate result. In order not to be disappointed in your activities or not to do stupid things, you need to know some rules of creativity that must be observed in this case.

Rule 1. You can not expect the same results with the same effects on different objects to be transformed (objects of transformation).

Rule 2. In this case, do not try to forcefully change the objects of transformation in order to still get what you need, since such violence will not only not give the desired result, but can also become a source of danger, both for those around you and for the creator. In order to achieve one's goal, it is necessary, with the help of appropriate targeted actions, the creation of appropriate conditions, to first bring the objects of education to desired state(“maturity”), and then only transform it.

Rule 3. Creativity consists in creating qualitatively new elements in our environment - objects with new relationships to the surrounding world, i.e. with new properties.

Rule 4. An object of transformation can be considered qualitatively changed only when it has at least two opposite properties (qualities) and for the manifestation of each of them it is enough to change the environment in which the object of transformation is located.

Rule 5. If at the first stage of creativity the object of transformation has acquired undesirable properties, then the changes continue in the direction of eliminating the shortcomings obtained at the first stage until the planned results are obtained.

Rule 6. Creativity should be directed to results that are positive for the person and surrounding nature.

3. Creativity in each of us

Since creativity is a property of a person that distinguishes him from an animal, it should be inherent in all people. Creativity plays huge role in everyone's life. With an intensive creative process, a person has a great desire to live, to be happy. Every person should let creativity into their lives, because a creative person cannot follow the beaten path. He must find his own. And one must go - to escape from the collective mind, collective psychology.

Most people would like to realize themselves in creativity, but for some reason this remains at the level of a dream. These people can buy theater tickets, concerts and exhibitions. Discussing other people's work for hours - books, plays, painting or music, being true connoisseurs of art. But at the same time remaining in the shadow of the more successful and successful.

Why do most talented people bury their abilities, coming up with all sorts of excuses, thereby justifying the fear of their own creativity? As Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky said: “The impulse to creativity can fade away just as easily as it arose if left without food.” But one day comes the realization that life has become an endless pursuit of money and has lost any other meaning.

Envy appears for those who were not afraid to start the creative process and achieved recognition.

The classic excuse for such people is lack of time. But just once a person needs to change his daily routine, spend an hour thinking, philosophizing, and he will understand that there will be time for the realization of creative ideas by itself.

Creativity in human life requires inspiration, but many reject the lack of inspiration. And as soon as they try to create, they themselves will catch the appropriate mood. Having plunged headlong into something interesting, the next day they will already look forward to the moment when they can continue to create.

After all, the theme of creativity in the life of each of us plays a huge role. Thanks to creativity, a person is able to express his emotions and experiences, to convey mood. Of course, it is foolish to hope that your hobby will bring you millions, it is not so easy to become Coco Chanel or Paulo Coelho.

However, all your work can be more than compensated if, instead of regular meaningless entertainment that saves you from boredom and a certain amount of money, you spend a piece of your time on the implementation of a long-cherished idea. But do not waste the time of possible creativity on overtime work. Perhaps in this way you can replenish the family budget, but in your soul this will not increase joy.

And yet, sometimes there are doubts about how important the role of creativity is in a person's life - is it necessary for someone? But first of all, you need it and sometimes even just necessary. Since plunging into the world of their own ideas, a person excludes the possibility of experiencing constant stress from real events occurring in the world.

Moreover, not everyone modern man, giving his work 8-12 hours a day, can see the results of his work. Even piles of documents processed during the working day, a person may not see in reality, they are replaced by some virtual electronic files. And only creativity can allow you to experience the pleasure of the result of your work.

And as George Prince said, "Another word for creativity is courage." Courage in creativity is the ability to make a decision in a situation of uncertainty, not be afraid of your own conclusions and bring them to the end, risking personal success and own reputation.

And it is certain that every person creative person. Each person's life is individual, no one will ever repeat life path another person. So, life is creativity, and creativity is life.

Conclusion

In conclusion, I would like to say that there are not so many people on Earth who never experience a state of complete apathy, when there is neither the strength nor the mood to do anything. It's hard to get out of this state.

But all the failures that have fallen on your head will not be eternal. A month will pass, another - and everything will seem small and funny, in extreme cases a little sad, but not tragic. We must create our future happy life, dream about it, draw with bright multi-colored paints. Requires maximum concentration positive attitude.

If you scold yourself for not doing this and that today, tomorrow you will not do it again! It is better to forgive yourself with all my heart and tune in to the next day - I will definitely do everything that is necessary, I have enough strength ...

What can help maintain a sense of healthy optimism for a long enough time? What has always driven a person in his life? Creation! Creativity plays a huge role in human life. It is it that can save us in trouble, lead us out of the most dead ends life situations, to support when there is no strength, to show the way if we are lost in a difficult life. It is creativity that gives meaning to our existence. If a person is able to treat life creatively, he will live!

Creativity is action, and action is independent. Very often, creative people are not understood by others, but this should not affect the actions of the creator. A creative person should create for himself, and not for the sake of society. And most importantly, a creative person lives in each of us.

The purpose of my essay was to study the role of creativity in human life. The work says more than once that the role of creativity in human life is enormous. Creativity is the basis of life. Thus, the purpose of the abstract is achieved.

List of used literature

1.Druzhinin V.N. Psychology: a textbook for humanitarian universities. 2nd ed. - St. Petersburg: 2009. Chapter 35

2.Tutushkina M.K. " Practical psychology". 4th ed. / Publishing house "Didactics Plus", 2001. Chapter 3. Creativity in the development of individuality.

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What is creativity and how to develop it? Reviewed by Vladislav Chelpachenko May 26 Rating: 5.0

Hello dear friends!

Do you consider yourself a creative person? Why? Where do you think creativity comes from?

If you answered no or you are interested in the nature of creativity, then this article is for you. In it, you will learn about how you can develop your creative abilities.

What is creativity and do you have it?

Creativity is a process or result of activity that leads or has already led to the creation of a new value, both spiritual and material.

When we talk about this, we remember famous artists, writers and musicians, but creativity is not limited to this. It manifests itself in family, work, business, relationships and many other areas of our lives.

Inspiration and imagination determine your creative inclinations. But do you have them?

A large study has been carried out to identify creativity and what it depends on. A team of psychologists asked hundreds of questions about the lives of the subjects. After a lot of research, we found the answer: creative people were those people who considered themselves creative.

People who do not consider themselves creative individuals do not try to invent or invent anything. They themselves do everything in order to turn a blind eye to their abilities. And creative people, on the contrary, are always trying to find new ways, go into the unknown, try to draw, sing, etc.

How to develop creativity in yourself?

By nature, we are all given creative abilities, but for some reason, for many, they are suppressed and closed. But this can be fixed. I will give several ways to develop creativity (it is better to use them all).

How to develop creativity:

Be a child! Look at the children. They are constantly asking something, exploring this world. They do not stop there, children develop every hour. Ask questions and explore this world.
Take care of yourself. Make time for reflection. There is a parable about how a lumberjack sawed a tree with a dull saw. When asked why he did not sharpen it, he replied that he did not have time and had to saw. It also happens with your life when you cannot stop and evaluate your actions, understand what is wrong.
Write down all your ideas. No matter how weird they are, go through them all. Look not for one answer to your questions and problems, but come up with several solutions.
Be proactive. It means breaking your old habits and stereotypes. Expand your comfort zone. Do what you've never done before. Sing the anthem on the bus, take the other way to the store, change your sleep patterns.
Develop your imagination. Who do you consider the most creative person or who do you look up to? What would he do in your situation? Imagine him in your place or imagine asking him for advice, what will he answer you?

To summarize, all these actions can be combined under 1 point. All these tools are used by the child unconsciously. Children are an indicator of how to live. These are the most proactive creatures on the planet. They, trying to learn to walk, will never tell after 10 failed attempts: "this is not mine, I will not go." They will try until they succeed.

Be like children, be proactive and see you in the next articles!

what is creativity and who is a creative person?

Creativity is primarily a human ability
find a special look at familiar and everyday things or tasks.
This ability is directly dependent on the horizons of a person.
The more he knows, the easier it is for him to look at the question under investigation with
different angles.
A creative person is constantly striving to learn more about the environment.
world, not only in the field of its core activity, but also in related
industries.

In most cases, a creative person is first and foremost
original thinking person capable of non-standard solutions.
The main criterion that distinguishes creativity from manufacturing (production) is the uniqueness of its result. The result of creativity cannot be directly deduced from the initial conditions. No one, except perhaps the author, can get exactly the same result if the same initial situation is created for him. Thus, in the process of creativity, the author puts into the material some possibilities that are not reducible to labor operations or a logical conclusion, expresses some aspects of his personality in the final result. It is this fact that gives the products of creativity an additional value in comparison with the products of production.
Creativity is:
activity that generates something qualitatively new, which has never existed before;
creating something new, valuable not only for this person but also for others;
the process of creating subjective values.

The branch of knowledge that studies creativity is heuristics.

Types and functions of creativity

There are different types of creativity:
production and technical
inventive
scientific
political
organizational
philosophical
artistic
mythological
religious
everyday household, etc.

in other words, the types of creativity correspond to the types of practical and spiritual activity.

Vitaly Tepikin, a researcher of the creative factor of man and the phenomenon of the intelligentsia, singles out artistic, scientific, technical, sports-tactical, and military-tactical creativity as independent types.

S. L. Rubinshtein for the first time correctly pointed out characteristics inventive creativity: The specificity of an invention that distinguishes it from other forms of creativity. intellectual activity, lies in the fact that it must create a thing, a real object, mechanism or prim, which solves a certain problem. This determines the originality of the creative work of the inventor: the inventor must introduce something new into the context of reality, into the real course of some kind of activity. This is something essentially different than allowing theoretical problem, in which it is necessary to take into account a limited number of abstractly distinguished conditions. At the same time, reality is historically mediated by human activity, technology: it embodies historical development scientific thought. Therefore, in the process of invention, it is necessary to proceed from the context of reality, in which something new must be introduced, and take into account the corresponding scientific context. This determines the general direction and the specific character of the various links in the process of invention...
Creativity - from the word "create", that is, to create something new. So a creative person is someone who has created something that no one has thought of creating before him.
like lady gaga
creativity is a process of activity that creates qualitatively new material and spiritual values or the result of creating an objectively new one. The result of creativity cannot be directly derived from the initial conditions.

“Only the realization of creative potential, whatever its scale, makes a person mentally normal and emotionally stable” Zharikov E.S.

I, as a creative person, thought about this question: “What is creativity for?”. What gives people creativity, that despite the 21st century it remains relevant and in demand.

After all, creativity is not only art (dance, song, painting, writing), it is also the birth of ideas, creativity in business, science, everyday life, with the help of which people manage to make discoveries, create something from nothing. After all, it is the creativity of thinking that gives a very successful growth in a career, business, and one's own business. I myself was a witness in a situation where an employee, when deciding challenging tasks encouraged to show their creativity. So creativity, creativity is necessary and I think everyone has these qualities. I agree with the opinion of the American psychologist Abraham Maslow“creativity is a creative orientation that is innately characteristic of everyone, but lost by the majority under the influence of the established system of upbringing, education and social practice. “

This is probably why art therapy is becoming so popular today. With the help of which everyone has the opportunity to reveal their creative potential and not only. After all, drawing, dancing or writing a fairy tale can help find answers to many questions. A drawing or a fairy tale is a direct path to the unconscious, through them we plunge into our inner world, open up for ourselves, get to know our inner world, and by showing the work to other people, in this way we tell about ourselves, we give the opportunity to get to know our personality through a drawing, a fairy tale, dance. The richness of colors, lines, shapes, rhythms, movements, textures and spaces have a favorable, resource and developing potential: they contribute to the harmonization of emotional states, recuperation, and also allow discovering new horizons of human creativity.

Ability to express the same emotional condition with help different types art, - this is exactly what everyone who wants to enter the temple of art should strive for.

Creativity is one of the ways to preserve oneself as a person, of course there are other judgments on this issue, but I am of the opinion that creating, and creating means creating, a person does not just exist - he lives, develops himself, his personality and his skills, abilities , which are most likely peculiar to him alone in the world.

As Wikipedia says:

“Creativity is a process of activity that creates qualitatively new material and spiritual values or the result of creating a subjectively new one. The main criterion that distinguishes creativity from manufacturing (production) is the uniqueness of its result.”

And if we take world painting or the works of the great classics, then they received world fame and popularity precisely thanks to their creativity, which famous people arts were taken from the depths of their personality and presented to the whole world, otherwise nothing. Franz Kafka said that the book must be an ax, breaking the frozen sea, which is located inside us, Dostoevsky believed that the purpose of the novel should be the rebirth of the reader, and Robert Schumann said this phrase: “ To send light into the depths of the human heart - this is the purpose of the artist “. Those. after reading a book, a fairy tale, watching a movie or a picture, a person must somehow change, something must happen in him or him, then this is art.

This is the conclusion I made while working and reflecting on the question “What is creativity for?” When a person knows himself, he can achieve any goals in our material and social world. desired results. And the task for me as an artist is to convey this essence of creativity through my paintings, to show the uniqueness of each person, nature and provoke a desire to change my life for the better, to bring to the surface all the best that is in the human soul.

English creativity).

1. In a narrow sense, T. is a human activity that generates something qualitatively new, something that has never been before, and has a socio-historical value. Commenting on such a t. sp., L. S. Vygotsky wrote that in this case, "T. is the lot of a few selected people, geniuses, talents that were created by great works of art, made great scientific discoveries or invented Ph.D. advances in technology."

2. In a broader (and very common in psychology) sense, T. (or creative activity) is any practical or theoretical human activity in which new (at least for the subject of activity) results (knowledge, decisions, methods of action, material products) arise. According to Vygotsky, “just as electricity acts and manifests itself not only where there is a majestic thunderstorm and dazzling lightning, but also in a pocket lamp, so it is exactly the same way that T. actually exists not only where it creates great historical works, but everywhere where a person imagines, combines, changes and creates a part-liter new, no matter how small a grain this new may seem in comparison with the creations of geniuses "(Vygotsky. Imagination and T. in childhood). See Creativity, Psychology of creativity, Creative process, Heuristics.

3. There is also the view that t. is not only a phenomenon of human activity, but also, for example, the behavior of animals, and even an attribute of matter (Ponomarev Ya. A.). Generally speaking, any process of development can be considered as creativity, which, of course, should not be identified with creative activity in psychological sense. (B. M.)

CREATIVITY (CREATIVITY)

creativity) The ability to come up with new yet sound solutions to problems. The ability to create things that are imaginative (see IMAGINATION), compelling, compelling, significant, etc. From its earliest days, psychoanalysis has been tempted to explain creative activity, and these explanations have invariably been justified by the manifestation of similarities between creative activity and certain neurotic processes. The simplest example of this approach is to show that the content of novels and paintings can be interpreted as Oedipal fantasy and then conclude that creative activity is a form of neurotic dreams (Freud, 1908). The difficulty with this hypothesis is that it fails to explain why all daydreaming is not creative, and this has given rise to secondary hypotheses as to how the techniques of creative work make it possible to turn particular neurotic "creations" into acceptable and works of art that can be understood by the general public. Late in his life, Freud rejected the idea that psychoanalysis had made any contribution to aesthetics. (For a contrary opinion, see Ehrenzweig, 1967.) Relatively recently, mainly under the influence of KLEINIAN ideas, attempts have been made to prove that creative activity is either DEPRESSIVE or SCHIZOID, i.e. that it either represents an attempt to REPAIR destructive fantasies (Klein, 1948; Sharpe, 1950; Levey, 1939), or is somehow analogous to the delusional system formation of SCHIZOPHRENICS (see also DELUSION). But here, too, the reason why individual people have the ability to find creative solutions to their depressive or schizoid problems.

Insofar as classical psychoanalysis regards imaginative activity as primitive, INFANTILE, and as a function of the ID, authors such as Hartmann and Chris have been forced to describe in terms of REGRESSION those activities that they actually assess as truly creative and progressive. This led to the use of expressions like "regression in the service of the ego" when describing " negative ability"(Keats) creative. Since the results of creative activity are, by definition, new, unexpected and therefore unpredictable, creativity is a concept that is difficult to include in a causal-deterministic structure (see CAUSATION and DETERMINISM); hence, probably, the AMBIVALENCE of psychoanalysis in regarding creativity. This concept raises other issues as well, such as whether creativity is a shared ability - in which case anyone can become creative if INHIBITIONS are removed; or it is a special gift, in which case psychoanalysis must allow exceptions in its postulates. For the first of the two points of view, see Kubie neurotic distortion of the creative process (1958); about the other - Phyllis Greenacre's work "The Childhood of the Artist" (Greenacre the childhood of the artist, 1957), in which she argues that gifted people are different from the very beginning of life, that they actively seek those who would recognize their difference and their talents , and that in the case of analysis they require a different technique than others. See also MEANING.

Creation

activity, the result of which is the creation of new material and spiritual values. Being in its essence a cultural and historical phenomenon, t. has a psychological aspect: personal and procedural. It assumes that a person has abilities, motives, knowledge and skills, thanks to which a product is created that is distinguished by novelty, originality, and uniqueness. The study of these personality traits revealed important role imagination, intuition, unconscious components mental activity, as well as the needs of the individual in self-actualization, in the disclosure and expansion of their creative capabilities. T. as a process was considered initially, based on the self-reports of artists and scientists, where special role was assigned to "illumination", inspiration, insight and similar states that replace the preliminary work of thought. The English scientist G. Wallace singled out four stages of the processes of T.: preparation, maturation, insight, and verification. The central, specifically creative moment was considered insight - an intuitive grasp of the desired result. Experimental studies showed that an intuitive solution arises in objective activity accessible to objective analysis. Highlighting the specifics of the mental regulation of the process T., K.S. Stanislavsky put forward the idea of superconsciousness as highest concentration spiritual forces of the individual in the process of generating the product of technology. With the development of cybernetics, attempts are being made to model the processes of technology on a computer (heuristic programming). At the same time, the transfer of available formalizations to technical devices mental operations sharply increased interest in the processes of T., which cannot be formalized. Dependence on them scientific and technological progress(discoveries, inventions, etc.) directed the efforts of psychologists to develop methods for diagnosing creative abilities and stimulating creativity. , requires to identify the originality of the psychology of T. in each of them, as well as the nature of the relationship between them. M.G. Yaroshevsky

Creation

We call creative activity such activity of a person that creates something new, whether it is created by creative activity, some thing of the external world, or a certain construction of the mind or feeling, living and manifesting itself only in the person himself. (11.1, 3) In addition to reproducing activity, it is easy to notice in human behavior another kind of this activity, namely, combining or creative activity. Any such activity of a person, the result of which is not the reproduction of impressions or actions that were in his experience, and will belong to this second kind creative or combined behavior. (11.1, 4 - 5) It is the creative activity of man that makes him a being, facing the future, creating it and modifying its present. (11.1.5) creativity actually exists not only where it creates great historical works, but also everywhere where a person imagines, combines, changes and creates something new, no matter how small this new may seem compared to the creation geniuses. If we take into account the presence of collective creativity, which unites all these often insignificant grains of individual creativity, it becomes clear what a huge part of everything created by mankind belongs precisely to the nameless collective creative work unknown inventors. (11.1, 6) The scientific understanding of this issue leads us, therefore, to look at creativity more as a rule than as an exception. Of course, the highest expressions of creativity are still available only to a few selected geniuses of mankind, but in everyday life around us there is creativity. necessary condition existence, and everything that goes beyond the routine and contains at least an iota of the new owes its origin creative process person. (11.1, 6 - 7) does not arise immediately, but very slowly and gradually, develops from more elementary and simple forms in more complex ones, at each age level it has its own expression, each period of childhood has its own form of creativity. Further, it does not stand alone in human behavior, but it turns out to be directly dependent on other forms of our activity, and in particular on the accumulation of experience. (11.1, 8) great inventor, even a genius, is always a plant of his time and his environment. His creativity proceeds from those needs that were created before him, and relies on those possibilities that again exist outside of him. No invention and scientific discovery appears before the material and psychological conditions necessary for its occurrence are created. Creativity is a historically successive process, where any consistent form is determined by the previous ones. (11.1, 25) What we call creativity is usually only a catastrophic act of childbirth, resulting from a very long internal gestation and development of the fetus. (11.1, 20) A being that is fully adapted to the surrounding world, such a being could not desire anything, strive for anything, and, of course, could not create anything. Therefore, creativity is always based on incapacity, from which needs, aspirations or desires arise. (11.1. 23 - 24) If we understand creativity in its true psychological sense, as the creation of something new, it is easy to come to the conclusion that creativity is the lot of everyone to a greater or lesser extent, it is also a normal and constant companion of children's development. (11.1, 32) Children's creativity stands in the same relation to the creativity of adults, in which children's play stands to the life of children literary creativity necessary, first of all, for the correct deployment of the forces of the author himself. It is also necessary for the children's environment in which it is born and to which it appeals. Children's literary creativity can be stimulated and directed from outside. The best incentive for children's creativity is such an organization of the life and environment of children that creates the needs and opportunities for children's creativity. (11.1, 57 - 58) The child's creativity resembles a game that arises from the acute need of the child and gives for the most part a quick and final discharge to the feelings that occupied him. The second connection with play lies in the fact that children's literary creativity, like play, has not fundamentally broken the connection with the child's personal interest and personal experience. (11.1, 59) The meaning and significance of this (children's) creativity is only in the fact that it allows the child to make that steep pass in the development of creative imagination, which gives a new and lifelong direction to his imagination. Its meaning is that it deepens, expands and purifies the emotional life of the child and its significance is that it allows the child, by exercising his creative aspirations and skills, to master human speech, this most subtle and complex instrument of formation and transmission. human thought, human feeling, human inner peace. (11.1, 60 - 61) the basic law of children's creativity is that its value should be seen not in the result, not in the product of creativity, but in the process itself. (11.1, 63) We see the problem in all its complexity. It consists of two parts: on the one hand, you need to cultivate creative imagination, on the other hand, the process of embodying the images created by creativity needs a special culture. Only where there is sufficient development of one side and the other, children's creativity can develop correctly and give the child what we have the right to expect from him. (11.1, 75) See Imagination, Activity, Game, Experience, Experience, Behavior, Need, Development, Speech, Environment