Industrial area of ​​the city. Big encyclopedia of oil and gas

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The industrial zone is intended to accommodate industrial enterprises and related facilities.

Industrial zones are formed taking into account production, technological, transport, sanitary and hygienic and functional requirements. Placement of enterprises on the territory of the industrial zone, assigning them to the appropriate classes depending on the sanitary classification of industries and emitted industrial hazards, as well as establishing the size of sanitary protection zones is carried out in accordance with the requirements building codes and rules for the development of appropriate master plans and building codes for the design of industrial enterprises.

Numerous export industrial zones operate in Mexico, Brazil, etc. developing countries. About 100 million people live on the territory of the SEZ in China, 87% of foreign investments are placed in them, a fifth of Chinese industrial products are produced, half of which is exported. The projects of SEZs in Vyborg, Novgorod, Nakhodka, Sakhalin, the Kaliningrad region, St. Petersburg, and Zelenograd near Moscow are considered the most developed. At the same time, the decision to create a free economic zone requires a lot of preparatory work. First of all, two main criteria must be met. The SEZ should be attractive to foreign investors and be in an advantageous economic and geographical position.

The largest industrial zone in Singapore is Jurong, where 1,834 enterprises are located on an area of ​​6,500 hectares, employing 98,000 people. One of the most important advantages of Jurong is the presence of a seaport, a naval base and a well-developed industrial infrastructure. The predominant number of enterprises belong to foreign investors, the rest are organized in the form of joint ventures.

Such an industrial zone can be divided into two or three complexes, placing them in combination with residential areas.

In the industrial zone of the working settlement of Dyurtyuli, a central repair base was created with car repair shops, workshops for the repair of field equipment, workshops for the overhaul of wells with the base of a construction and installation office. About 87 km of roads have been built.

AT industrial zones waste transfer stations can be located here, and the number of industrial zones determines the number of waste transfer stations and reduces to a minimum the mileage of small Vehicle before being loaded onto heavy vehicles.

The project of planning the industrial zone (district) of the city.

The industrial zone (district) planning project is developed for the period of validity of the city's master plan, with the first stage of construction identified.

On the territory of the industrial zone are located Chemical plant producing chromium compounds, as well as thermal power plants and other enterprises. There are also five active water intakes. groundwater with a capacity of 32 thousand m3 / day.

Obtaining the status of an industrial zone is accompanied by the provision of a number of benefits, among which are: a simplified procedure for creating enterprises, reduced taxes on sales and profits, compensation to entrepreneurs for staff training costs, reduced payments to the social insurance fund, soft loans.

Planning projects for industrial zones are developed taking into account urban planning requirements. The most harmful enterprises, including explosive and fire hazardous ones, are located far from the residential area, moreover, on the leeward side, i.e. in such a way that the prevailing winds blow from the residential area to the industrial area. At the same time, they are guided by the average annual wind rose or by one of the seasonal wind roses (summer, winter), built on the basis of long-term observations.

In spite of dense building, Moscow still has vast territories that are practically not used. The so-called industrial zones cover thousands of hectares. Most of them ceased production many years ago and turned into chaotic warehouses and dumps. Now these territories will be used in the interests of citizens and economic development.

Industrial zones occupy about 18.8 thousand ha, which is more 17% territory of "old" Moscow. On the issue of renovation of its “rust belt”, the capital took two paths: the city authorities do not just plan to use industrial sites for urban development, but are also ready to change the functionality of some enterprises, orienting them towards innovative environmentally friendly production or the placement of science facilities on their territory.

INDUSTRIAL ZONE "ZIL"

Spinning up production full power, Moscow creates new jobs next to housing on the periphery of the city. This will make it possible to remove part of the traffic flow, which tends to the center of the capital in the morning on weekdays, and out of it in the evening. Today at Central District 40% of Moscow's jobs are concentrated in the city, despite the fact that only 8% of the population lives there.

The reorganization of industrial zones also makes it possible to provide citizens with additional living space, social and cultural facilities, roads and parking lots. All this can be created in the former industrial areas.

It is proposed to reorganize almost 13 thousand hectares of land, with 4.7 thousand hectares subject to complete reorganization, and 7.8 thousand hectares - partial. The renewal of these urban areas is based on the formation of integrated urban development with housing, social facilities and new jobs.

As for the position of the city authorities on the redevelopment of industrial zones, the building density should not exceed 25 thousand square meters. m per hectare, while half of the future volume of real estate should fall on residential development, and half - on jobs.

The task of the Moscow government is not to bring all industrial zones outside the city, but to carefully consider the activities of industrial enterprises and, if necessary, to promote the development of innovative production.

Some industrial zones tend to change functions from industrial to administrative and public with elements of residential development. However, the industrial function of a number of zones, for example, Biryulyovo, Chertanovo, Kaloshino, Korovino, Vagonoremont and others, on the contrary, will be intensified, since new production facilities are supposed to be located here.

What has already been done?

In 2011-2016, 61 territory planning projects (TPP) were approved with a total area of ​​about 3.4 thousand hectares with a construction potential of more than 31 million square meters. m. Of the approved projects, 17 are already being implemented, another 40 are in development.

Of the most significant areas of industrial zones that are in the active stage of implementation, we can distinguish: the plant named after. Likhachev (“ZIL”), the territory of the former Tushino airfield, OJSC Moscow Metallurgical Plant Serp i Molot, OJSC DSK No. 3 (Borovskoe highway, property 2), OJSC NPO Vzlet . 6), the territory of the former Moscow Mirror Factory (in Lazorev proezd, in the area of ​​the Botanichesky Sad metro station), OJSC Mosstroysnab (Donetskaya St., vl. 30).

In 2017, areas of industrial zones are expected to be developed

• No. 51a "Ostashkovskoye highway" (Taininskaya street, property 9; investor - CJSC "LS-Realty");
• No. 15 "Alekseevskie streets" (Novoalekseevskaya st., property 16; investor - Etalon Group of Companies);
• No. 49 "Beskudnikovo" (st. Ilimskaya, vl. 3; investor - JSC "Everest");
• No. 41 Oktyabrskoye Pole (Berzarina St., 28-32; investor - RG Development LLC);
• No. 51 Medvedkovo (Polyarnaya st., 25, investor - PJSC Group of Companies PIK);
• No. 21 "Brick streets" (Volnaya st., property 28, investor - RG-Development LLC);
• No. 40a "Western Port" (the area between Kutuzovsky Prospect, st. 1812 and Kulneva and Kutuzovsky Prospect; investor - JSC "First Moscow Instrument-Making Plant named after V. Kazakov").

Which industrial zones will be reconstructed?

Industrial areas that will be included in the reconstruction program will meet the following requirements:

• Proximity to the MCC and the radial directions of the Moscow railways.
  The launch of passenger traffic along the MCC significantly unloaded the subway, street
  road network and will soon become a catalyst for the development of adjacent to the new ring
  territories, mostly representing abandoned industrial zones. This is
  will ensure their harmonious economic and social development in
  accordance with the goals and objectives of the integrated economic and social development cities.
• Proximity to promising transport interchange hubs (TPU) at metro stations, MCC and radial railway directions.
• Proximity to the Moscow River.
  By 2035, it is the Moscow River that will become the linear center of the city. Renovation concept
  coastal territories covers a huge area (almost 11 thousand hectares) and takes into account trends
  recent years on the more active inclusion of these territories in the structure of the city.

The main reorganization zones are Rublyovo-Arkhangelskoye, Tushino, Nizhniye Mnevniki, Big City, ZIL, Simonovskaya Embankment, River Park (a former shipyard).

Specific activities include:

• formation of new areas;
• organization of additional pedestrian spaces on transport embankments;
• creation of landscaped pedestrian embankments and improvement of natural embankments in natural banks;
• improvement of embankments in areas of complex reorganization of the territory;
• development of the internal water transport, including the creation of new
• tourist routes and organization of passenger transportation (from Dolgoprudny and Rublyovo-Arkhangelsky to the City, from Lytkarino to Taganskaya, from the Spartak metro station to the Alma-Atinskaya metro station);
• construction of cycle paths;
• creation of new berths.

Thus, instead of abandoned and practically non-functioning industrial areas new points of development will emerge and a comfortable urban environment will be created.

PZ industrial zone industrial zone PZ Dictionary: Dictionary of abbreviations and abbreviations of the army and special services. Comp. A. A. Shchelokov. M .: LLC "Publishing house AST", CJSC " Publishing House Geleos”, 2003. 318 p… Dictionary of abbreviations and abbreviations

industrial zone- she promz, s ... Russian spelling dictionary

industrial zone- prisons. industrial area of ​​the colony. The territory of the colony is divided into separate sections zones: residential area, industrial area (located here production facilities). A fence has been installed between these zones, rows of barbed wire have been stretched, and a corridor between them ... Universal optional practical dictionary I. Mostitsky

industrial zone- promzo / on, s ... merged. Apart. Through a hyphen.

s; well. Razg. Industrial Zone. P. in the city center. Landfill in the industrial area… encyclopedic Dictionary

industrial zone- s; f.; unfold Industrial Zone. Promzo / on in the city center. Landfill in the industrial area… Dictionary of many expressions

industrial zone- Industrial Zone … Dictionary of abbreviations of the Russian language

Microdistrict Industrial Zone "Brick Factory" City ... Wikipedia

Promzona Years Promzona Group was formed at the end of 2001 in the city of Krasnodar. The name of the group was the place where the band members loved to hang out so much (Industrial Zone). During its existence, the Industrial Zone managed to perform with such ... ... Wikipedia

Exchange- Industrial zone in the colony ... Dictionary of the criminal and semi-criminal world

Books

• Industrial Zone (MP3 audiobook on 2 CDs), Yulia Latynina. There is no state here - there are personal relations. There is no business here - there is war. Here, friends are entitled to everything, and enemies - the law. Here, court decisions circulate on the market like securities, and ... audiobook
• Industrial zone, Julia Latynina. There is no state here - there are personal relations. There is no business here - there is war. Here friends are entitled to everything, and enemies - the law. Here, court decisions circulate on the market like securities, and ...

Almost all enterprises in Ogorodny proezd are focused on food industry, and their products were well known to Muscovites and were in great demand. You can recall Ostankino milk for 16 kopecks in triangular packages, "Doctor's" sausage, "Druzhba" cheese, "Zhigulevskoe" beer. And we will visit the printing house of the Izvestia publishing house to get acquainted with modern printing equipment.

Vegetable gardens near Butyrskaya Sloboda. 1898-1902: https://pastvu.com/p/79890 Looking at this picture, it becomes extremely clear why Ogorodny passage is named that way.

View of Ogorodny passage from observation deck Ostankino television tower

Ogorodny proezd, 20 - The Ostankino brewery was built by 1949 on the basis of a pre-war decree of the People's Commissariat of Industry on the construction of ten large breweries in the USSR. On the territory of the enterprise there was an elevator for storing barley with access railroad tracks and own malt. A reinforced concrete elevator with a capacity of 14,000 tons fully provides for the raw material supply. The malthouse with a capacity of 18,000 tons per year not only provides for the needs of its own production, but also allows the supply of malt to other breweries (sold in bulk wagons and bags). From the first days of its existence, the plant has been producing beer according to classical technology from selected natural raw materials.

About the quality produced in last years products, there are different opinions, often negative, while some varieties of foamy and kvass deserved praise. However, the current beer market is saturated with imports and craft varieties, and Soviet citizens were not so spoiled, and on international competitions beer from Ostankino received prestigious awards. The Ostankino brewery stopped brewing beer a few years ago and its territory will become the object of redevelopment.

Ogorodny proezd, 18 - Since 1954 Ostankino Meat Processing Plant OJSC has been one of the largest producers of sausages and semi-finished products in Russia. The enterprise daily sells up to 200,000 sausages and up to 100,000 semi-finished products of about 200 items. About 50% of the plant's products are sold in Moscow and the Moscow region, the rest - in other regions of Russia and the CIS countries.

According to the official website, “Ostankino Meat Processing Plant is a prosperous enterprise that is in the TOP of the most successful companies Russia. Ostankino owns 15 trading houses, 7 company stores in Moscow and one of the most modern pig farms in the country. The plant (producing 500 tons of products per day!) employs 7,700 employees, each of whom is a professional in his field. All production facilities are equipped with the latest German and Austrian equipment. The combination of these factors allows Ostankino to adhere to international standards in the production of products, which, due to their quality, naturalness and taste, are recognized by customers.”

According to the representatives of the plant, “boiled pork, ham, bacon, doctor’s sausage, servelat, salami, brisket, bacon, basturma, dumplings, pancakes, cutlets, pates and other delicacies under the Ostankino trademark are products whose quality has been repeatedly noted by experts ". In my subjective opinion, in the budget segment, the products of the plant are quite edible (right now “Papa can” is floating on the stove in a saucepan), but I will choose delicacies from other manufacturers.

Ostankino meat processing plant. 1960-1970: https://pastvu.com/p/499900

Sausage line. 1960-1970: https://pastvu.com/p/499899

Ogorodny proezd, 16 - Moscow Khladokombinat No. 9, now - the Baskin-Robins ice cream factory, which produces ice cream, desserts, cakes, drinks. The company is actively working with consumers, opening branded cafes, holding presentations and paid tours of production for everyone aged seven years and older. Fans of cold treats speak positively about the products, but note that Baskin-Robins prices are higher than those of competitors.

Access roads to the cold storage plant are abandoned

Rustaveli Street, 14 - The Ostankino Dairy Plant was put into operation in 1955 and its emblem with a girl and a milk bottle quickly became recognizable. In the 1990s, the dairy market began to change, the giants of the world industry Danone, Parmalat, Wimm-Bill-Dann came to Russia, but OMK survived the crisis and remained competitive due to the release of new products. Now the capacity of the plant is about 1000 tons of milk per day, and the range includes more than 60 items.

Shop Ostankino dairy plant. 1956: https://pastvu.com/p/156843

Receiving and shipping shop of the Ostankino dairy plant. 1970-1975: https://pastvu.com/p/230646

Samples of packaging for dairy products from the 1960s-1980s. At first glance, the triangular shape of milk bags seems inconvenient for transportation, but there were special metal and plastic containers with cells for their delivery to stores. Caps on glass bottles were different color: white - milk, green - kefir, yellow - ryazhenka. In preparation for the Olympics-80 Soviet Union began to actively cooperate with foreign companies, including the Swedish Tetra Pak, then for the first time rectangular liter bags appeared on the shelves.

Rustaveli Street, 14, Building 11 - Moscow Processed Cheese Factory "Karat" is Russia's largest company producing processed, hard, homemade, young cheeses and other types of dairy products, including cottage cheese, sour cream, butter. Processed cheese plant No. 1 was founded in 1934 and for the first time in the USSR began to produce processed cheese. In 1963, he became part of the Moscow Association "Moloko", in 1970 a new building was built.

Cheese "Druzhba" is perhaps the most famous product of the plant: it can be spread on a sandwich, made soup from it or eaten with it in the process of alcoholic libations. In 1968, 12,000 tons of national cheese were produced. In 1993, after the creation of the Karat brand, the equipment was updated and the range expanded, to which no quality claims were found.

The monument to cheese "Druzhba" changed its place several times due to construction work in Ogorodny passage. A metro line was laid here, the Butyrskaya station is located at the intersection of Ogorodny passage and Rustaveli street.

In the industrial quarter of Rustaveli-Dobrolyubov-Ogorodny, there is also the Ostankino Beverage Plant (8 Dobrolyubova Street), founded in 1947 by order of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. The plant produced mineral water, including Moskovskaya, which was mined from a depth of 420 meters and was a favorite mineral water Leonid Brezhnev. In preparation for the Olympics-80, in cooperation with the Pepsi Cola company, the plant produced Pepsi drinks. Now the plant also produces carbonated drinks Pinocchio, Baikal, Tarkhun and kvass, familiar from Soviet childhood.

Since 1932, the Moscow Machine-Building Experimental Dairy Equipment Plant (8A, Dobrolyubova passage) has been producing pasteurizers, equipment for the production of butter, cottage cheese, kefir, yogurt, processed cheese, equipment for the canning industry - sterilization plants for fruit and vegetable purees and other equipment for milk processing, butter and cheese production. Molmash is ready to provide turnkey equipment - a fully equipped dairy plant.

CJSC Ostankino Factory of Bagel Products (11 Ogorodny Proyezd) was founded in 1966 as an experimental enterprise producing dryers and bagels so beloved by Muscovites. The advanced developments of the Ostankino people were mastered by bakeries throughout the Union. The modern assortment also includes cookies, gingerbread, crackers, marmalade, marshmallows, waffles, crackers.

Rails leading to the Oktyabrskaya railway. The branch was abandoned, the overpass was dismantled, only the bridge supports remained. According to an urban legend, a train remained in the industrial zone, which they did not dare to take out over the emergency bridge, but it is difficult to verify this, the passage is closed with fences.

Ogorodny passage, overpass. 1988: https://pastvu.com/p/26131

Ogorodny proezd, 8 - former factory Iskra, production areas are leased

Ogorodny proezd, 4 - OJSC "Mosvtortsvetmet" is engaged in the disposal of non-ferrous scrap, and behind it (Ogorodny proezd, 2) an environmentally harmful enterprise, the asphalt plant of CJSC Asphaltobeton, is expected to leave the Moscow Ring Road.

A warehouse and a printing center of the Izvestia publishing house are located in Dobrolyubov passage. The production here is small, the printing and binding shops are equipped with the most modern equipment. Products can be produced on Xerox 800, Xerox iGen-4 full-color digital printing machines, JETvarmish digital spot UV varnishing machine, Freccia 145 folding and sewing machine, decorative finishing - foiling, embossing and die-cutting - on a KAMA ProCut 53F automatic machine.

The process of creating a book or brochure starts with rolls of paper

The Screen TP Jet 520 digital web press is compact and takes up relatively little space

The printed sheets are transported to a folding machine, which folds the paper several times to form a large printed sheet in a notebook.

Each magazine, brochure or book, depending on the number of pages, consists of several notebooks. The thick book consists of dozens of numbered notebooks. The collating machine folds these notebooks in the desired sequence. Here, workers need to be very careful not to confuse the order of the pages. And then the selection is sent to the sewing machine. At the exit from the sewing machine, we get a block fastened with threads.

The special interest of the correspondent of YAMOSKVA (as a printer with eighteen years of experience) was aroused by the folding and sewing unit of the Smyth Company (Italy). Izvestinsky chose the complete set of the Freccia 145 sewing machine not with the traditional Headop feeder, but latest development- Digitaline.

Smyth Freccia 145 is designed for sewing all kinds of notebooks, from any paper and any thread. Thanks to the ability to work with coated grades of paper, quick size change and ease of operation and maintenance, the machine has proven itself in such an important criterion as price / quality ratio. Among the possible options are automatic gluing of notebooks and sewing on gauze.

The stitched blocks are taken to the next machine, where the spine of the block is glued with hot glue and covered with a cover. Glue seizes instantly and almost finished brochures or magazines are taken to a three-knife cutting machine (Izvestia uses Wohlenberg cutting). After cutting, it remains only to check the quality, pack the finished product and send it to the customer.

For books in hardcover all the basic operations are the same, only after sewing the blocks are fed to the line, where the block is put on not in a soft cover, but in a cardboard cover. The insertion line consists of several machines, takes up a lot of space and is not represented in the Izvestia line of the latest equipment.

The printing house also produces souvenirs, calendars, postcards.

To the left of "Izvestia" is the motor depot No. 23 of the production association "Moskhlebtrans", which has sixty years of experience in the transportation of bread, bakery, confectionery, milk, flour, food products. Trucks pass at the car park Maintenance and diagnostics. And in total, over 1,300 vehicles work in Moskhlebtrans - from heavy MAZs to rare Moskviches.

Monument at motor depot No. 23. 1970-1980: https://pastvu.com/p/34470 In the Soviet years, on the territory of motor depot No. 23, a monument stood on a pedestal - a GAZ-AA van of 1938. There is an assumption that this particular truck was filmed in the cult film "The meeting place cannot be changed" as a vehicle for the Black Cat bandits. Perhaps this is not so, but the fate of the car from the depot is known: the van ended up in the hands of a private collector, a member of the military-patriotic club "Division", who considered it his duty to completely restore its original appearance from the frame to the bread kung. Now the car is back on track and sometimes participates in vintage car rallies.

Speaking of Moscow primarily as the capital of Russia, a cultural center, a city whose history goes back more than eight centuries, and whose sights attract travelers from all over the world, many people forget that Belokamennaya is also a major industrial centre, main part economy of the entire country.

Ryzhkov Igor. Industrial zone. 2011

In economics Russian Federation in general, the share of metropolitan enterprises is not so high, however most of The industry of Moscow is designed for highly skilled labor and its importance cannot be underestimated.

Story

The first manufactories and private craft enterprises appeared in Moscow a long time ago - back in the 17th century and were state-owned, that is, state-owned. To the first Moscow manufactories, that is, industries that have much greater value for the economy than the private handicraft workshops that had previously operated, in particular, the Cannon Yard, which in the 17th century already employed more than 140 people - carpenters, foundry workers, blacksmiths and soldering workers.

By the end of the 17th century, the Kremlin Armory also became a state-owned manufactory, in which up to 300 gunsmiths worked. Most of the state-owned manufactories were unprofitable and were supported by the state treasury, however, the production of weapons was an important part of the development of the country, in addition, well-known craftsmen of that time worked at such manufactories, sometimes making real breakthroughs in the production of new types of products.

Manufactories owned by foreign merchants, mostly Germans or Dutch, also opened in Moscow.

It's interesting that wage even for unskilled workers who worked at Moscow manufactories in the 17th century, it was quite high - 5-8 kopecks a day. Compared with the cost of food at that time, this amount was enough to buy 2-3 kilograms of meat and fully provide for the family.

Apollinary Mikhailovich Vasnetsov. Cannon foundry yard on the Neglinnaya River in the 17th century

Throughout the 18th century, the development of Moscow industry continued at a fairly high pace and had a number of features - serfs, who were attached to the plant, were most often used as unskilled labor in those days. By the way, the very word "factory" arose from "institution", that is industrial enterprises at first they were equated with ordinary private companies, for example, trading shops.

It was in the XVIII century on the outskirts of Moscow, whose population was already approaching 140 thousand people, that paper mills, glass factories and textile industry enterprises began to appear.

The first large manufactory opened by decree of Peter the Great was the Khamovny Yard, located on the banks of the Yauza River, in the village of Preobrazhensky. Khamovny yard by the end of the 18th century became the largest enterprise in Moscow - more than 1.3 thousand people worked on it, and to use the energy of water, the Yauza was blocked by a dam. Another big enterprise of that time was the rope factory, which opened near the Danilov Monastery.

By 1740, more than 50% of all manufactories in Russia were located in Moscow, the main specialization of the Moscow industry was textile production - silk, cloth, canvas. As of 1797, about 144 industrial enterprises were operating in Moscow.

In the future, the share of Moscow in the country's production decreased - with the development of production in the Urals, in St. Petersburg and other major cities the percentage of Moscow industry in the total volume of products manufactured in Russia has steadily decreased.

The first industrial exhibition was held in Moscow already in 1831 (however, St. Petersburg, then the capital of the empire, was ahead of Belokamennaya - the exhibition of manufactories was first held here in 1829). The products of Russian craftsmen presented at the exhibition, in particular, dishes, glassware, fabrics, weapons and Jewelry impressed the foreign guests of Moscow, and the holding of the exhibition contributed to the further development of the industry of the city.

In the 19th century, in addition to textile and food enterprises, machine-building centers also opened in Moscow, such as the Gopper (Mikhelson) Machine-Building and Iron Foundry, which opened in 1847 and was renamed the Vladimir Ilyich Plant (ZVI) after the revolution. By the way, it was at the facilities of this plant during the Great Patriotic War the famous Katyushas were produced.

The Goujon ironworks opened in 1893 and in 1922 received a new name - Hammer and Sickle. The production facilities of the enterprise were transferred to Smolensk region only in 2000.

Daria Kotlyarova. Hammer and Sickle Factory. 2004

The Dux Imperial Aircraft Plant appeared in Moscow in 1893 and initially produced bicycles. Then, the production of Dux-locomotive steam vehicles, electric vehicles, motorcycles, and, at the beginning of the 20th century, aircraft began at the plant's facilities.

The aircraft engine building plant Gnome-Ron was opened by decree of Nicholas II in 1912 under the guidance of specialists from the French company Gnome-Ron and produced engines for aircraft. The enterprise is still operating today, its main area of ​​activity is the production of gas turbine aircraft engines for combat aircraft. In 2011, it was renamed into the Federal State Unitary Enterprise NPC Gas Turbine Engineering Salyut.

In 1916, the Moscow Automobile Society (AMO) was opened, the launch of the plant was delayed due to events related to the 1917 revolution. The first one and a half ton truck left the AMO assembly line only in 1924. In 1931, the enterprise received a new name - Plant named after I.V. Stalin (ZIS), and in 1956 it was again renamed the Plant named after Ivan Alekseevich Likhachev (ZIL).

However, the most rapidly the industry of the Moscow region began to develop in the 30s, after the government introduced the "five-year plan" system and industrialization began. Main industrial engineering was carried out beyond the boundaries of Moscow that existed at that time, but over time, such large enterprises, built in the 30-40s of the last century, as the Moscow Oil Refinery, located in the Kapotnya area, turned out to be practically in the center of the capital, which, of course, is not in the best way affected the environment of the city.

Gerasimov Vladimir. Moscow Industrial Zone 4. 1987

However, in the age of industrialization, such a term as "ecology" said little to the leaders of the country, main goal was to increase production. And no one could have imagined how much Moscow would grow over the next 70 years.

Transfer of industrial zones of Moscow

In 2004, the "Target Program for the Reorganization of Industrial Territories of the City of Moscow for the Period 2004-2006" was adopted. The government of the capital decided to gradually transfer all industrial zones existing in the central regions outside the city.

Proposals for the mass reorganization of industrial zones in Moscow provide that the area of ​​industrial territories will be reduced to 15.6 thousand hectares from 20.9 thousand hectares.

It was planned that part of the liberated territories - about 1.2 thousand hectares - would be included in the system of city centers business activity and maintenance, that is, will be occupied by commercial real estate. The authorities intended to give about 1.9 thousand hectares for housing construction, and 2.2 thousand hectares of industrial territories located in the buffer zones of the Setun, Likhoborka, Khapilovka, Nishchenko and other rivers, after rehabilitation measures, should again become a natural part of natural complex Moscow. However, approved in 2005 General plan development of the capital, it was decided to change and supplement, now it is called the "General Plan for the Development of Moscow until 2025", in addition, the expansion of the territory of the capital, the decision on which was made in 2011, may make adjustments to the transfer and reorganization of Belokamennaya industrial zones.

The Moscow government intends to completely liquidate industrial zones located in the Central Administrative District of the capital, in its historical center. In general, 16 industrial zones will be completely liquidated, and it is planned to reduce the territories included in the industrial zones by 20 of them.

As Marat Khusnullin, Deputy Mayor of Moscow for Construction and Urban Policy, noted, most industrial facilities the capital is not in the best condition, their territories are occupied by markets and have become a haven for illegal residents of the city. So, out of 47 industrial zones of the Central administrative district in 2011, only 26% of them operated production, the rest are leased or simply abandoned. According to Khusnullin, it is planned to build multifunctional real estate objects in most of the former industrial zones.

prospects

As of 2011, 65 industrial zones are located within the Moscow Ring Road. The plans of the authorities in relation to most of them, in particular those located in the Central Administrative District, are quite specific - the industrial zones will be reorganized, turned into new construction sites, and the process of transferring industrial zones will certainly have a significant impact on the Moscow real estate market.

Belov Vladimir. Industrial zone. 1992

In the first place was the industrial zone of the pencil factory JSC "Factory named after Sacco and Vanzette" and "Badaevsky brewery", the area of ​​​​this territory is 14.5 hectares. Back in 2004, it was decided to move production and build an elite Park City complex in its place, investments in the implementation of this project could amount to $ 600 million, the planned area of ​​​​residential real estate is 220 thousand square meters, commercial - 90 thousand "squares" . This project was even presented at the international exhibition of the largest investment projects in real estate MIPIM-2005. The start of construction was scheduled for 2007, but then the authorities decided to leave the Badaevsky brewery in its place and the start of the project was postponed to 2013 for the time being.

The second line in this rating is occupied by the Trekhgornaya Manufactory Textile Factory, which occupies an area of ​​12 hectares. Planned in 2006, the project, which involved the construction of 250,000 square meters of commercial real estate, has now been frozen.

The third place is occupied by the industrial zone of Berezhkovskaya embankment - 29 hectares of area.

Real estate specialists also call the Golden Island, the reconstruction and reorganization of the territory of the Krasny Oktyabr plant, a very promising project. It is also planned to build a multifunctional complex here, the cost of apartments in the "Golden Island" can reach 30-40 thousand dollars per square meter.

Among other promising industrial zones that can be reorganized, experts name the industrial zone No. 5 "Main Streets" in the Presnensky district, where the plant "Stroydetal No. 6" is located, which is currently not working, its areas are leased. This list also includes the Second Slava Watch Factory on Leningradsky Prospekt, the former concrete goods factory on Shelepikhinskaya Embankment, and Melkombinat No. 4 in Shmitovsky Proezd.

Analysts believe that all residential and commercial complexes that may appear on the site of industrial zones in the central regions of Moscow will be classified as elite, very expensive real estate by virtue of their location, because there are practically no free plots for construction in the center of the capital.

Another area that will be affected by the reorganization of the industrial zones of Moscow is the emergence of such a relatively new and so far exotic segment of the residential real estate market for our country as lofts - industrial premises that have become elite residential apartments with an open plan and a huge area. It is lofts that can become the most expensive housing that will appear on the site of the reorganized industrial zones of the capital.

Anna Sedykh, rmnt.ru