What does dictionary entry mean. Examples of dictionary entries

Dictionary entry- main structural unit any dictionary.

The dictionary entry consists of:

capital unit;
text explaining the heading unit and describing its main characteristics.

Dictionary entry structure

Left side of the dictionary. A dictionary entry of any dictionary starts with headword(in a different way: headword, lemma, black word - from the bold type that usually marks the headword).

The set of head words form dictionary, or the left side of the dictionary. The choice of a dictionary (which words will be included in this dictionary and which will not) depends on the purpose of the dictionary (highly specialized, universal, etc.).

The dictionary may consist of language units:

phonemes (sounds) - recent times are widely developed in connection with the development of automatic speech recognition;
morphemes (prefixes, roots, suffixes ..) - for morpheme dictionaries, grammar dictionaries, word-building dictionaries;
lexemes (words in the "basic form") - most dictionaries are built according to this criterion: explanatory, spelling, etc.;
word forms (words in a certain number, case ..) - for grammar dictionaries, rhyming dictionaries, etc.;
phrases (not one word, but several one way or another related words) - for example, for phraseological dictionaries, dictionaries of idioms, dictionaries of clichés, etc.

Sometimes the vocabulary consists of lexemes and phrases (for example, for encyclopedic dictionaries).

Right side of the dictionary- one that explains the heading unit. The structure of a dictionary entry is determined by the tasks of the dictionary. The right side zones are developed for each dictionary. These can be: a list of synonyms given word(for a dictionary of synonyms), translation of a word (for dictionaries foreign words), disclosure of the concept that is described by this word, with the possible application of graphs, diagrams, drawings (for encyclopedic dictionaries), etc. For example, right part explanatory dictionary, as a rule, includes zones:

grammatical;
stylistic;
interpretations;
illustrations (quotes, sayings);
value type (direct, figurative);
derivational nest;
the so-called "zarhombo" part (phraseologisms);
and etc.

Often inside a dictionary entry there may be area (zone) litter(or simply litters). Marks can be stylistic, grammatical and others. Most often, marks are located immediately after the head word, but they can be in other places (for example: obsolete - obsolete value, rare- value is rarely used, scientific - scientific significance, etc.)

The totality of all dictionary entries forms dictionary corpus. In addition to the corpus, any dictionary usually has a preface, a section "How to use the dictionary"; list conditional cuts In addition, dictionaries can have indexes (in Wikipedia, the role of indexes is partially played by redirect pages, pages "ambiguity" and "Categorization")

Example

Dictionary entry "Goods" in the "Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language" edited by D. N. Ushakov.

PRODUCT, a (y), m. 1. (pl. in the meaning of different species, varieties). A product of labor that has a value and is distributed in society through the sale and purchase (economy); in general, everything that is the subject of trade. (Stalin). (Zhukovsky). Red t.(see red). The stores have a lot of goods. Khodkiy t. Lying t. Colonial t. 2. (only units). Dressed finished leather (boot.). Opoykovy t. 3. (only units). Ore mixture ready for smelting (hearth). ◊ Living goods. See live in 6 digits Product face show- to show something from the best, most advantageous side. (Dostoevsky).

Example Analysis

PRODUCT- headword;

a (y) - grammatical zone: indication of the ending in the genus. p. units h., in parentheses is the ending option;

m. - grammatical zone: an indication of the generic reference of the word, it is masculine;

1. - value number polysemantic word(for unambiguous words, the number is not indicated);

(pl. in the meaning of different types, varieties) - the grammatical zone of the first meaning: it is indicated that in the plural this meaning of the word does not have the meaning of plurality (which is typical grammatical meaning plural), and the value " different types, varieties";

A product of labor that has a value and is distributed in society through the sale and purchase - an interpretation of the first meaning;

(economical) - stylistic zone: an indication of the limitations of this value special vocabulary, namely economic;

in general, everything that is the subject of trade is the second part of the interpretation of the first meaning, a sign; before this part of the interpretation indicates that it can potentially be separated into a separate meaning;

Finally, we must understand that commodities are produced in the last analysis not for production, but for consumption.

My ship anchored in the bay is full of rare goods- illustration zone: a quote is given as an example;

Red t.- zone of illustration: as an example, a saying is given - a set expression;

(see red) - reference zone: with the help of this zone, a connection is established between the elements of the dictionary: the reader is referred to the dictionary entry "red", which gives an interpretation of the phraseological unit red goods;

There are a lot of products in the shops- zone of illustration: a saying is given as an example;

Khodkiy t. Lying t. Colonial t.- illustration zone: sayings are given as examples, pay attention to last example- today it should be given in a rhomboid part or with a hint, since this is historicism;

Dressed finished leather - interpretation zone;

(boot) - stylistic zone: an indication of the scope of restriction of use;

Opoykovy t.- zone of illustration: a speech is given as an illustration;

3. - number of the value of a polysemantic word;

only ed. - grammatical zone: a restriction is indicated for this value, only in the singular;

Ore mixture ready for smelting - interpretation;

(gorn.) - stylistic zone: an indication of the scope of restriction of use;

◊ - a sign of a rhombus, after which the “zarhomb part” begins, where phraseological units are presented. Each phraseological unit also has its own input, its own black words, they (despite the fact that there are at least two of them) represent one lexical unit;

Live goods- heading word of the rhomboid part;

See live in 6 digits - interpretation-reference, the reader should turn to the word living in the 6th meaning, where the interpretation of the phraseological unit living goods will be given. It would be nice to repeat the interpretation, and not send it, but if we consider that in the time of Ushakov dictionaries were always only printed, it is immediately obvious that the references are saving paper;

Show the goods by the face - the heading word of the rhomboid part;

Show something from the best, most advantageous side - the interpretation of a phraseological unit;

An inspector is coming from St. Petersburg ... It was heard that everyone was cowardly, fussing, they wanted to show the goods with their faces- illustration zone: a quote is given as an example;

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An excerpt characterizing the Dictionary entry

During the first time of his stay in St. Petersburg, Prince Andrei felt his entire frame of mind, developed in his solitary life, completely obscured by those petty worries that seized him in St. Petersburg.
In the evening, returning home, he wrote down in his memory book 4 or 5 necessary visits or rendez vous [dates] at the appointed hours. The mechanism of life, the order of the day is such as to be in time everywhere, took away a large share of the very energy of life. He did nothing, did not even think about anything and did not have time to think, but only spoke and successfully said what he had managed to think over in the village before.
He sometimes noticed with displeasure that it happened to him on the same day, in different societies, to repeat the same thing. But he was so busy all day long that he did not have time to think that he did not think anything.
Speransky, both on the first meeting with him at Kochubey's, and then in the middle of the house, where Speransky, having received Bolkonsky, spoke with him privately and trustingly, made a strong impression on Prince Andrei.
Prince Andrei is great amount He considered people contemptible and worthless creatures, so he wanted to find in another a living ideal of that perfection to which he aspired, that he easily believed that in Speransky he found this ideal of a completely reasonable and virtuous person. If Speransky had been from the same society from which Prince Andrei was, of the same upbringing and moral habits, then Bolkonsky would soon have found his weak, human, non-heroic sides, but now this logical mindset, strange to him, inspired him all the more respect that he did not quite understand it. In addition, Speransky, whether because he appreciated the abilities of Prince Andrei, or because he found it necessary to acquire him for himself, Speransky flirted with Prince Andrei with his impartial, calm mind and flattered Prince Andrei with that subtle flattery, combined with arrogance, which consists in tacit recognition your interlocutor with you together the only person able to understand all the stupidity of everyone else, and the reasonableness and depth of their thoughts.
During their long conversation on Wednesday evening, Speransky said more than once: “We look at everything that comes out of general level deep-rooted habit…” or with a smile: “But we want the wolves to be fed and the sheep safe…” or: “They can’t understand this…” and all with such an expression that said: “We: you and me, we understand who they are and who we are.”
This first, long conversation with Speransky only strengthened in Prince Andrei the feeling with which he saw Speransky for the first time. He saw in him a reasonable, strict-minded, huge mind of a man who had achieved power with energy and perseverance and was using it only for the good of Russia. Speransky, in the eyes of Prince Andrei, was precisely that person who rationally explains all the phenomena of life, recognizes as valid only that which is reasonable, and knows how to apply the measure of rationality to everything, which he himself so wanted to be. Everything seemed so simple, clear in Speransky's presentation that Prince Andrei involuntarily agreed with him in everything. If he objected and argued, it was only because he wanted to be independent on purpose and not completely obey the opinions of Speransky. Everything was like that, everything was fine, but one thing confused Prince Andrei: it was Speransky’s cold, mirror-like look, not letting in his soul, and his white, tender hand, which Prince Andrei involuntarily looked at, as they usually look at people’s hands, having power. For some reason, this mirror look and this gentle hand irritated Prince Andrei. Unpleasantly, Prince Andrei was also struck by the too great contempt for people that he noticed in Speransky, and the variety of methods in the evidence that he cited in support of his opinions. He used all possible tools of thought, excluding comparisons, and too boldly, as it seemed to Prince Andrei, he moved from one to another. Now he took to the ground of a practical figure and condemned the dreamers, then to the ground of a satirist and ironically laughed at his opponents, then he became strictly logical, then he suddenly rose into the realm of metaphysics. (He used this last instrument of proof with particular frequency.) He carried the question to metaphysical heights, passed into the definitions of space, time, thought, and, bringing refutations from there, again descended to the ground of the dispute.
Generally main feature Speransky's mind, which struck Prince Andrei, was an undoubted, unshakable faith in the strength and legitimacy of the mind. It was evident that Speransky had never been able to come into the head of that ordinary thought for Prince Andrei that it is impossible to express everything that you think, and there never came a doubt that everything that I think and everything that I think is not nonsense. What do I believe? And this particular mindset of Speransky most of all attracted Prince Andrei.
At the first time of his acquaintance with Speransky, Prince Andrei had a passionate feeling of admiration for him, similar to the one he once felt for Bonaparte. The fact that Speransky was the son of a priest who could stupid people, as many did, went to be despised as a goofball and priest, forced Prince Andrei to be especially careful with his feeling for Speransky, and unconsciously strengthen it in himself.
On that first evening that Bolkonsky spent with him, talking about the commission for drafting laws, Speransky ironically told Prince Andrei that the commission of laws had existed for 150 years, cost millions and had done nothing, that Rosenkampf had pasted labels on all articles of comparative legislation. - And that's all for which the state paid millions! - he said.
- We want to give a new judiciary The Senate, and we have no laws. Therefore, it is a sin not to serve people like you, prince, now.
Prince Andrei said that for this it is necessary legal education which he doesn't have.
- Yes, no one has it, so what do you want? This is the circulus viciosus, [the vicious circle] from which one must get out of the effort.

A week later, Prince Andrei was a member of the commission for drafting the military regulations, and, which he did not expect, the head of the department of the commission for compiling wagons. At the request of Speransky, he took the first part of the civil code being compiled and, with the help of the Code Napoleon and Justiniani, [the Code of Napoleon and Justinian,] worked on compiling the department: Rights of persons.

About two years ago, in 1808, returning to St. Petersburg from his trip to the estates, Pierre involuntarily became the head of St. Petersburg Freemasonry. He set up dining and funeral lodges, recruited new members, took care of uniting various lodges and acquiring genuine acts. He gave his money for the construction of temples and replenished, as far as he could, almsgiving, for which most of the members were stingy and sloppy. He almost alone at his own expense supported the house of the poor, arranged by the order in St. Petersburg. Meanwhile, his life went on as before, with the same hobbies and licentiousness. He liked to dine and drink well, and although he considered it immoral and humiliating, he could not refrain from the amusements of bachelor societies in which he participated.
In the wake of his studies and hobbies, Pierre, however, after a year, began to feel how the soil of Freemasonry on which he stood, the more he left under his feet, the more firmly he tried to stand on it. At the same time, he felt that the deeper the soil on which he stood went under his feet, the more involuntarily he was connected with it. When he began Freemasonry, he experienced the feeling of a man trustingly placing his foot on the flat surface of a swamp. Putting his foot down, he fell. In order to fully assure himself of the firmness of the ground on which he stood, he put his other foot on and fell even more, got stuck and already involuntarily walked knee-deep in the swamp.

It doesn't matter what you're going to do: write your own glossary, write a dictionary, look convincing when playing "dumb dictionary" or write definitions for words. own composition- here are some ideas that will help you make your definitions as accurate and capacious as possible. These steps are suitable for descriptively defining how a term is used in a language. Please note that this is a rather time-consuming process, requiring much more effort than a prescriptive definition that prescribes how the author should use this term in written language.

Steps

Find examples of how the word is used. Google (especially Google Books) is a great way to find quotes. And the quotes, in turn, prove that this word is actively used, and perfectly show in what or what senses.

Study how the word is used and functions in the examples you find.

Determine the part of speech of this word in the sense or senses that you want to define. Keep these basics in mind:

Noun: person, place, or thing: Utah, minibus, moon, greengrocer, January. Nouns can also refer to abstract concepts such as certainty or doubt.
Pronoun: A word that is used instead of a noun. He, she, it, they.
Verb: A word denoting an action. Walk, jump, rant, fry, stare, think, hurry.
Adjective: A word that describes a noun. Red (hat), fast (train), unreliable (bar).
Adverb: A word that describes or transforms the meaning of a verb or adjective. (He fell and) painfully (hit, then) slowly (got up). (The train was) creepy (slow).
Union: a word that connects parts complex sentence. In Russian, this list includes the words and, or, as, as if, and ... and, neither ... nor, too, but, so that, also, because, etc.
Preposition: A word that describes the position of something. On, over, under, to, in, at, inside, etc.
Interjection: an emotional exclamation, usually unrelated to the grammatical structure of the sentence. For example: Wow! Hey! Ugh! Abracadabra! Ouch! Hmm… Wow!

Carry out further classification within one part of speech. If you want to carefully understand the grammatical function of this word, determine whether the noun is countable or uncountable, whether the verb is transitive or intransitive, and so on.

Choose one of the meanings of the word and think about its meaning in this context. The simpler you define the word, the better, so try to imagine that you are trying to explain this word to a child or person who is just learning to speak your language. Avoid using descriptive words that are even more difficult than the word itself, unless you are trying to explain their meaning along the way.

Explore the word. What other words sound like it to you? What words are close to it in meaning? What is the difference between this word and its synonyms? For example, what distinguishes the word "fragile" from "weak" or "brittle"?

Think about what are the synonyms (words with a similar meaning) and antonyms (words with the opposite meaning) for the word being defined. Some of them may end up in your dictionary entry, if they fit there.

Describe the word being defined. Although the inclusion of synonyms in a definition is perfectly acceptable, such a definition, composed entirely of synonyms, cannot provide exhaustive information about the meaning of the word. Therefore, do your best to describe the word being defined.
- If a word has several meanings, then you will have to define each of them separately.
To write a definition of a word, use words that will be familiar to a person who will read this definition for the first time, without knowing the meaning of the concept being defined. Compare:
- Courage - courage, courage, audacity.
- Courage - emphasized determination, fortitude.
Write the definition of the word in typical dictionary style. You can start with sentences like “This word is used…” or “It describes a situation in which…”, but these are best removed from the final version of your definition.

Write the definition in such a way that it matches the part of speech being defined. Verb definitions themselves must contain many verbs, noun definitions must contain many nouns.
- Most verb definitions must begin with the verb in indefinite form. For example, the definition of the verb “stop” might look like this: “make a short pause or stop for a while; interrupt a process or some action and start it again later.”
- Definitions of nouns are also better to start with nouns.
Read your definition and make sure it matches the word you define and the meaning of that word you want to describe.
- Read definitions from dictionaries and glossaries and take notes on the style in which they are written.
- See how your word is defined in other sources. Synthesizing definitions already written by someone before will help you write your own or help you learn how to write definitions of words yourself.
- Note that we learn the meaning of most new words through context. That's why it's especially important to find examples of how a word is used in context before trying to define it.
- Pay attention also to the etymology of the word. Sometimes it is the origin of a word that can shed light on its meaning.
- If you are interested in the exciting history of compilation Oxford Dictionary in English, then look at this Simon Winchester's lecture.
- If you are just learning to write dictionary definitions, then you should start with words with a narrow specific meaning, especially with nouns. Just compare the number of meanings and definitions for specific words like "souvenir" or "twitter" with the number of meanings and definitions for commonly used words like "bottom" or "current" and you'll see why. Start practicing first with non-ambiguous, highly specialized words.
- Sometimes determining the part of speech of a word can be quite tricky. If you are not completely sure what part of speech you are dealing with, then it is better to consult a dictionary. If it's really bad, then look in the grammar reference. This type of book contains about 3,000 difficult words.
Warnings
- Avoid definitions that tell what the word is not, concentrate better on what it is.
- Try to avoid ring definitions, especially if you are defining multiple words. When writing definitions for words, there is a tendency at the end of the definition to return to the word being defined or to the same root word. It may be quite acceptable to define an adverb using a single-root adjective (for example: strange - in a strange way), but this type of definition assumes that the adjective "strange" is already defined or known in advance. In general, it is better to avoid using words with the same root as the defined in the definition.
- If you decide to include information about the origin of the word in your dictionary entry, then first make sure that you have studied the issue well. Some words have several "folk" versions of the origin. Usually these theories have no basis and are passed from mouth to mouth without any adequate confirmation. Spend your own research and adequately assess whether your sources can be trusted.
- The parts of speech listed above are basic and common to most European languages. Other languages may have other parts of speech, and some scholars have identified additional parts of speech in European languages as well.

A new form of state (final) certification of graduates of the ninth grade of general educational institutions in the Russian language will allow assessing the level of mastering not only the communicative, but also the linguistic competence of students.

It is no secret that an essay on a linguistic topic, included in the GIA in the Russian language at 9, presents certain difficulties for children. You need to start working with this type of essay as early as possible.

This article will focus on such creative works, topics, the genre of which is prompted by the need to start preparing for the GIA and the Unified State Examination in the Russian language already starting from the 5th grade.

Compositions on a linguistic topic can be different in style and genre, they are appropriate in any class, when studying any section. But for now I would like to talk only about how the work on teaching writing an essay on a linguistic topic is being built in grades 5-6.

Given the characteristics of fifth graders, it is better to present creative tasks in a playful, entertaining way. I offer a lesson in the development of speech, in which children learned to write an essay on a linguistic topic: writing a dictionary entry.

1. We start with the problem statement:

- Imagine that we are entrusted with an interesting and responsible task - to compile an article for the explanatory dictionary about the word "birch."
– Where do we start?
- Find out the meaning of the word "explanatory" dictionary. ( Appendix 1 . Slides 1,2)
- Which of the creators of explanatory dictionaries do you know? We are talking about V.V. Dal, we are considering the Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language. Students of the 9th grade at one time prepared the project “The man of the word was collecting”, I show part of the presentation of the project to the children.
- Why do you need dictionary entry?
- Let's see how the article about the word "autumn" is built in such a dictionary.
- Read the meaning of the word "autumn" in the dictionary. ( Appendix 1 . slide 3)

2. Analysis of the structure of the article

- We conclude: the dictionary entry consists of at least four parts: ( Appendix 1 . Slides 4-5)

1. Headword
2. Grammar marks (i.e. such features of the word that are studied in special section sciences of language, for nouns it is the ending of the genitive case form and gender)
3. Interpretation of the lexical meaning of the word
4. An example of the use of this word in speech.

3. Updating knowledge

We verbally pronounce the content of the future record, then write a letter from memory. (You can go back to slide 3)

Autumn - and, well. The season between summer and winter. Already the sky was breathing autumn, the sun was shining less often, the day was getting shorter, the mysterious shadow of the forests was exposed with a sad noise. (A.S. Pushkin).

- Underline known spellings. Draw up a proposal. (the lesson is conducted after studying the topic “Syntax and Punctuation”, therefore it is not difficult for children to draw up a sentence diagram)

Execution control. ( Appendix 1 . slide 6)

4. Teamwork

Compilation of a dictionary entry about the word "spring". An example of the use of this word in speech is the first stanza of A. Pleshcheev's poem "The Swallow", which everyone knows by heart. You can invite the children to use their own example.
As a result of collective work, a record appears ( Appendix 1 . slide 7)
Spring, s, w. The time of year is between winter and summer. The grass is turning green, the sun is shining, the swallow is flying in the canopy with spring. (A. Pleshcheev).
We write in a notebook.

Listening to the work of children who have used other examples.

The main part in the dictionary entry is the interpretation of the lexical meaning of the word. There are several ways to interpret the meaning of a word. Let us dwell on one of them - the main one: generic and specific features of an object. ( Appendix 1 . Slide 8) We conclude that it is important when interpreting the lexical meaning of a word. ( Appendix 1 . slide 9)
Tree slide: birch, maple, larch, pine and tables ( Appendix 1 . slide 10)
We find generic and specific characteristics, find out the difference. ( Appendix 1 . slide 12)

- We make a step-by-step interpretation of the lexical meaning of the word "birch". ( Appendix 1 . slide 13)
- We write down the first three sentences, reflecting the sequence of mental operations:

1. Birch is a tree.
2. Birch is a deciduous tree.
3. Birch - a deciduous tree with a white trunk.

- We select an example of the use of the word "birch" in speech. We remember (or a pre-prepared student reads S. Yesenin's poem "Birch").
- Write in your notebook:

Birch, -s, w. Deciduous tree with a white trunk. White birch under my window covered with snow, like silver. (S. Yesenin).

Examination ( Appendix 1 . slide 14)

5. Independent work

Make a dictionary entry (optional) about the words maple, larch, pine.
Execution check. Listening to answers, correcting mistakes. ( Appendix 1 . slide 16)

6. The next stage of the lesson is reflection

- Tell me, did you like writing dictionary articles?

Children enjoy doing this kind of work.

- Answer the question "Why do we need a dictionary entry?".

The answer to the question concludes the lesson. Students talk about the importance of dictionaries, how important it is to write dictionary entries correctly.

7. Homework will duplicate the answer to the question “What is the dictionary entry for?”, only it needs to be written in several sentences.

Dictionary entry- the basic structural unit of any dictionary.

The dictionary entry consists of:

capital unit;
text explaining the heading unit and describing its main characteristics.

Dictionary entry structure

Left side of the dictionary. A dictionary entry of any dictionary starts with headword(in a different way: headword, lemma, black word - from the bold type that usually marks the headword).

The set of head words forms dictionary, or the left side of the dictionary. The choice of a dictionary (which words will be included in this dictionary and which will not) depends on the purpose of the dictionary (highly specialized, universal, etc.).

The dictionary may consist of language units:

phonemes (sounds) - have recently been widely developed in connection with the development of automatic speech recognition;
morphemes (prefixes, roots, suffixes ..) - for morpheme dictionaries, grammar dictionaries, word-building dictionaries;
lexemes (words in the "basic form") - most dictionaries are built according to this criterion: explanatory, spelling, etc.;
word forms (words in a certain number, case ..) - for grammar dictionaries, rhyming dictionaries, etc.;
phrases (not one word, but several somehow related words) - for example, for phraseological dictionaries, idiom dictionaries, cliché dictionaries, etc.

Sometimes the vocabulary consists of lexemes and phrases (for example, for encyclopedic dictionaries).

Right side of the dictionary- one that explains the heading unit. The structure of a dictionary entry is determined by the tasks of the dictionary. The right side zones are developed for each dictionary. These can be: a list of synonyms for a given word (for a dictionary of synonyms), translation of a word (for dictionaries of foreign words), disclosure of a concept that is described by a given word, with the possible application of graphs, diagrams, drawings (for encyclopedic dictionaries), etc. For example , the right part of the explanatory dictionary, as a rule, includes zones:

grammatical;
stylistic;
interpretations;
illustrations (quotes, sayings);
value type (direct, figurative);
derivational nest;
the so-called "zarhombo" part (phraseologisms);
and etc.

Often inside a dictionary entry there may be area (zone) litter(or simply litters). Marks can be stylistic, grammatical and others. Most often, marks are located immediately after the head word, but they can be in other places (for example: obsolete- obsolete value, rare- value is rarely used, scientific- scientific value, etc.)

The totality of all dictionary entries forms dictionary corpus. In addition to the corpus, any dictionary usually has a preface, a section "How to use the dictionary"; a list of conditional abbreviations, etc. In addition, dictionaries can contain indexes (in Wikipedia, the role of indexes is partially played by redirect pages, pages "ambiguity" and "Categorization")

Example

Dictionary entry "Goods" in the "Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language" edited by D. N. Ushakov.

PRODUCT, a (y), m. 1. (pl. in the meaning of different species, varieties). A product of labor that has a value and is distributed in society through the sale and purchase (economy); in general, everything that is the subject of trade. (Stalin). (Zhukovsky). Red t.(see red). The stores have a lot of goods. Khodkiy t. Lying t. Colonial t. 2. (only units). Dressed finished leather (boot.). Opoykovy t. 3. (only units). Ore mixture ready for smelting (hearth). ◊ Living goods. See live in 6 digits Product face show- to show something from the best, most advantageous side. An inspector is coming from St. Petersburg ... It was heard that everyone was cowardly, fussing, they wanted to show the goods with their faces(Dostoevsky).

Example Analysis

PRODUCT- headword;

a (y) - grammatical zone: indication of the ending in the genus. p. units h., in parentheses is the ending option;

m. - grammatical zone: an indication of the generic reference of the word, it is masculine;

1. - the number of the value of a multi-valued word (for single-valued words, the number is not indicated);

(pl. in the meaning of different types, varieties) - the grammatical zone of the first meaning: it is indicated that in the plural this meaning of the word does not have the meaning of plurality (which is characteristic of the grammatical meaning of the plural), but the meaning "different types, varieties";

A product of labor that has a value and is distributed in society through the sale and purchase - an interpretation of the first meaning;

(economy) - stylistic zone: an indication of the limited nature of this meaning by special vocabulary, namely economic;

Finally, we must understand that commodities are produced in the last analysis not for production, but for consumption.

My ship anchored in the bay is full of rare goods- illustration zone: a quote is given as an example;

Red t.- zone of illustration: as an example, a saying is given - a set expression;

There are a lot of products in the shops- zone of illustration: a saying is given as an example;

Khodkiy t. Lying t. Colonial t.- illustration zone: sayings are given as examples, pay attention to the last example - today it should be given in a rhomboid part or with a hint, since this is historicism;

Dressed finished leather - interpretation zone;

(boot) - stylistic zone: an indication of the scope of restriction of use;

Opoykovy t.- zone of illustration: a speech is given as an illustration;

3. - number of the value of a polysemantic word;

only ed. - grammatical zone: a restriction is indicated for this value, only in the singular;

Ore mixture ready for smelting - interpretation;

(gorn.) - stylistic zone: an indication of the scope of restriction of use;

Live goods- heading word of the rhomboid part;

Dictionary entry- a part of the dictionary, which is devoted to the description of one unit from the general vocabulary. A dictionary entry opens with a head word (morpheme, phrase, etc.), which is given in its original form and, as a rule, has an accent. A stylistically colored headword is accompanied by a special mark: colloquial, colloquial, bookish, etc. A dictionary entry may contain an interpretation of the word, a grammatical and derivational characteristic of the word, information about the connections of the heading word with other words. lexical system etc. Often in a dictionary entry examples are given that demonstrate the semantic and grammatical features of the use of a word. Sometimes a dictionary entry contains a list scientific literature and sources of illustrative examples.

Dictionary entries in dictionaries different types have their own characteristics.

The content and volume of a dictionary entry depends on the objectives of the dictionary description. Some dictionaries are devoted to the interpretation of the meanings of words: for example, in explanatory dictionary necessary and sufficient information about lexical meaning the words. Other dictionaries do not explain the meaning of the word, but provide other information about the word: the dictionary can report how many times the word was used in the texts under study, it can give a morphological (less often syntactic) characteristic of the word, etc.

The grammatical (morphological and syntactic) characteristic of the heading word allows you to determine which part of speech the word belongs to, what forms of inflection it has, notes the exceptions that this word has when forming forms according to the grammatical model, etc. Sometimes a dictionary entry includes information about the compatibility of a word, contains examples of combinations of a word with other words of the language, introduces restrictions on compatibility, etc.

For example, a dictionary entry encyclopedic dictionary consists of a heading word (word-combination) and a description of an object, event or concept. The articles of the encyclopedic dictionary often use drawings, photographs, diagrams, maps. As a rule, the article ends with a list of recommended literature on the topic. material from the site

The dictionary entry of the etymological dictionary is devoted to single word or nest related words. Instead of the heading word, the article may open with its reconstructed form (which is accompanied by a special mark). Since there may be different opinions on the origin of a particular word, the dictionary entry of an etymological dictionary, as a rule, lists the most important points of view on the etymology of a given word, indicating the most reliable, from the point of view of the author of the dictionary, etymology. Dictionary entry in modern etymological dictionaries contains matches from related languages, dialects and onomastics.

The dictionary entry of the word-formation dictionary is introduced by a heading (producing) word, describes a nest of related words and indicates the method of formation of derived words.

The dictionary entry in the dictionary of gestures is arranged rather peculiarly.

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