Main characteristics of artistic style. Artistic style of speech

Art style how the functional style finds application in fiction, which performs figurative-cognitive and ideological-aesthetic functions. To understand the features artistic way knowledge of reality, thinking, which determines the specifics of artistic speech, it is necessary to compare it with the scientific way of cognition, which determines the characteristic features scientific speech.

Fiction, like other forms of art, is characterized by concrete-figurative representation of life in contrast to the abstract, logical-conceptual, objective reflection of reality in scientific speech. A work of art is characterized by perception through the senses and re-creation of reality , the author strives to convey, first of all, his personal experience, your understanding and comprehension of a particular phenomenon.

Typical for an artistic style of speech attention to the particular and random , behind which the typical and general can be traced. Remember " Dead Souls"N.V. Gogol, where each of the shown landowners personified certain specific human qualities, expressed a certain type, and all together they were a “face” contemporary author Russia.

World fiction - this is a “recreated” world, the depicted reality is, to a certain extent, the author’s fiction, which means that in the artistic style of speech the subjective moment plays the most important role. The entire surrounding reality is presented through the author's vision. But in literary text we see not only the world of the writer, but also the writer in the artistic world: his preferences, condemnations, admiration, rejection, etc. Associated with this is emotionality and expressiveness, metaphor, and meaningful diversity of the artistic style of speech.

The lexical composition and functioning of words in the artistic style of speech have their own characteristics . The number of words that form the basis and create the imagery of this style includes, first of all, the figurative means of Russian literary language, as well as words that realize their meaning in the context. These are words with a wide range of usage. Highly specialized words are used to a small extent, only to create artistic authenticity when describing certain aspects of life.

In the artistic style of speech, the polysemy of words is very widely used. what opens up in him additional meanings and semantic shades, as well as synonymy at all language levels, making it possible to emphasize the subtlest shades of meaning. This is explained by the fact that the author strives to use all the riches of the language, to create his own unique language and style, to create a bright, expressive, figurative text. The author uses not only the vocabulary of the codified literary language, but also a variety of visual arts from colloquial speech and vernacular.

They come to the fore in a literary text emotionality and expressiveness of the image . Many words that appear in scientific speech as clearly defined abstract concepts, in newspaper and journalistic speech - as socially generalized concepts, in artistic speech - as concrete sensory representations. Thus, the styles functionally complement each other. Artistic speech, especially poetic speech, is characterized by inversion, i.e. a change in the usual word order in a sentence in order to enhance the semantic significance of a word or give the entire phrase a special stylistic coloring. An example of inversion would be known string from the poem by A. Akhmatova “I still see Pavlovsk as hilly...”. The author's word order options are varied and subordinate to the general concept.

In artistic speech, deviations from structural norms are also possible, due to artistic actualization, i.e., the author highlighting some thought, idea, feature that is important for the meaning of the work. They can be expressed in violation of phonetic, lexical, morphological and other norms.

In terms of diversity, richness and expressive possibilities linguistic means artistic style stands above other styles and is the most complete expression of literary language.
As a means of communication, artistic speech has its own language - a system of figurative forms expressed by linguistic and extralinguistic means. Artistic speech Along with the non-artistic one, it performs a nominative-figurative function.

Linguistic features of artistic style of speech

1. Heterogeneity of the lexical composition: combination book vocabulary from colloquial, vernacular, dialect, etc.

The feather grass has matured. The steppe for many miles was dressed in swaying silver. The wind took it elastically, flowing, roughened, lumpy, and drove bluish-opal waves to the south, then to the west. Where the flowing air stream ran, the feather grass bowed prayerfully, and a blackened path lay for a long time on its gray ridge.
Various grasses have bloomed. On the ridges of the ridge there is a joyless burnt-out wormwood. The nights faded quickly. At night, countless stars shone in the charred black sky; the month - the Cossack sun, darkened by the damaged side, shone sparingly, whitely; The spacious Milky Way intertwined with other star paths. The astringent air was thick, the wind was dry and wormwood; the earth, saturated with the same bitterness of the all-powerful wormwood, yearned for coolness.(M.A. Sholokhov)

2. Use of all layers of Russian vocabulary in order to realize the aesthetic function.

Daria hesitated for a minute and refused:
- No, no, I'm alone. I'm there alone.
She didn’t even know where “there” was and, leaving the gate, headed towards the Angara. (V. Rasputin)

3. Activity polysemantic words all stylistic varieties of speech.

The river is seething in a lace of white foam.
Poppies are blooming red on the velvet meadows.
At dawn frost was born.
(M. Prishvin).

4. Combinatorial increments of meaning (B. Larin)

Words in an artistic context receive new semantic and emotional content, which embodies the author’s figurative thought.

I dreamed of catching the passing shadows,
The fading shadows of the fading day.
I climbed the tower. And the steps shook.
And the steps trembled under my feet
(K. Balmont)

5. Greater preference for using concrete vocabulary and less preference for abstract vocabulary.

Sergei pushed the heavy door. The porch step whimpered barely audibly under his foot. Two more steps - and he is already in the garden.
The cool evening air was filled with the intoxicating aroma of blooming acacia. Somewhere in the branches a nightingale trilled iridescently and subtly.

6. Minimum of generic concepts.

Another piece of advice that is essential for a prose writer. More specifics. The more precise and specific the object is named, the more expressive the imagery is.
You: " Horses chew corn. The peasants are preparing " morning food", "made noise birds“... In the artist’s poetic prose, which requires visible clarity, there should be no generic concepts, unless this is dictated by the very semantic task of the content... Oats better than grain. Rooks more appropriate than birds(Konstantin Fedin)

7. Widespread use of folk poetic words, emotional and expressive vocabulary, synonyms, antonyms.

The rosehip, probably, had been creeping up the trunk to the young aspen since spring, and now, when the time had come for the aspen to celebrate its name day, it all burst into red, fragrant wild roses.(M. Prishvin).

“New Time” was located in Ertelev Lane. I said “fit.” That's not the right word. Reigned, dominated.(G. Ivanov)

8. Verb speech science

The writer names each movement (physical and/or mental) and change of state in stages. Pumping up verbs activates reading tension.

Gregory went down to Don, carefully climbed over through the fence of the Astakhovsky base, came up to the shuttered window. He heard only frequent heartbeats...Quiet knocked in the binding of the frame... Aksinya silently came up to the window, looked closely. He saw how she pressed hands to chest and heard an inarticulate moan escaped her lips. Grigory is familiar showed so that she opened window, stripped off rifle. Aksinya opened it doors He became on the ground, Aksinya’s bare hands grabbed his neck. They are like that trembled And fought on his shoulders, those dear hands that make them tremble transmitted and Gregory.(M.A. Sholokhov “Quiet Don”)

The dominant features of the artistic style are the imagery and aesthetic significance of each of its elements (down to sounds). Hence the desire for a fresh image, uncluttered expressions, a large number of

tropes, special artistic (corresponding to reality) accuracy, the use of special expressive means of speech characteristic only of this style - rhythm, rhyme, even in prose a special harmonic organization of speech.

The artistic style of speech is characterized by imagery and extensive use of figurative and expressive means of language.

In literature, language occupies a special position, since it is that building material, that matter perceived by hearing or sight, without which a work cannot be created. An artist of words - a poet, a writer - finds, in the words of L. Tolstoy, “the only necessary placement of the only necessary words” in order to correctly, accurately, figuratively express a thought, convey the plot, character, make the reader empathize with the heroes of the work, and enter the world created by the author.
All this is accessible ONLY TO THE LANGUAGE OF FICTION, which is why it has always been considered the pinnacle of literary language. The best in language, its strongest capabilities and rarest beauty are in works of fiction, and all this is achieved artistic means language.

Facilities artistic expression varied and numerous. You are already familiar with many of them. These are tropes such as epithets, comparisons, metaphors, hyperboles, etc.

Trails- a figure of speech in which a word or expression is used in figurative meaning in order to achieve greater artistic expression. The trope is based on a comparison of two concepts that seem close to our consciousness in some respect. The most common types of tropes are allegory, hyperbole, irony, litotes, metaphor, metomy, personification, periphrasis, synecdoche, comparison, epithet.

For example: What are you howling about, night wind, what are you madly complaining about - personification. All flags will visit us - synecdoche. A man the size of a fingernail, a boy the size of a finger – litotes. Well, eat a plate, my dear - metonymy, etc.

Expressive means of language include stylistic figures speeches or just figures of speech : anaphora, antithesis, non-union, gradation, inversion, polyunion, parallelism, rhetorical question, rhetorical appeal, default, ellipsis, epiphora. The means of artistic expression also include rhythm (poetry And prose), rhyme, intonation .

Lesson plan:

Theoretical block

Linguistic features of artistic speech style

Features of the artistic style and its characteristics

Areas of use of artistic style of speech

Genres of artistic style

The role of sentences in the text

Text-forming functions of a sentence

Practical block

Working with texts: determining the style of the text and highlighting the linguistic features of each of them

Highlighting the main features of artistic style in texts

Distinguishing between substyles and genres of artistic style

Analysis of artistic style texts

Composing texts using reference expressions

Tasks for SRO

Bibliography:

1. Russian language: textbook. aid for students Kaz. dept. University (bachelor's degree) / Ed. K.K. Akhmedyarova, Sh.K. Zharkynbekova. – Almaty: Publishing house “Kazakh University”, 2008. – 226 p.

2. Stylistics and culture of speech: Textbook. Allowance/T.P. Pleschenko, N.V. Fedotova, R.G. Taps; Ed. P.P. Fur coats.–Mn.: TetraSystems, 2001.– 544 pp.

Theoretical block

Artstyle– functional style of speech, which is used in fiction. The artistic style influences the imagination and feelings of the reader, conveys the thoughts and feelings of the author, uses all the richness of vocabulary, possibilities different styles, characterized by imagery and emotionality of speech.

IN work of art the word not only carries certain information, but also serves to have an aesthetic impact on the reader with the help of artistic images. The brighter and more truthful the image, the stronger its impact on the reader.

In their works, writers use, when necessary, not only words and forms of the literary language, but also outdated dialect and colloquial words.

The means of artistic expression are varied and numerous. These are tropes: comparisons, personification, allegory, metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, etc. And stylistic figures: epithet, hyperbole, litotes, anaphora, epiphora, gradation, parallelism, rhetorical question, silence, etc.

The style of fiction has its own specifics. It serves the emotional and aesthetic area of ​​the individual’s activity. The main properties of the artistic style are: a) aesthetic; b) impact on emotions: with the help of artistic images, the feelings and thoughts of readers are influenced; c) communicative: the ability to evoke a response in the mind of the reader, due to which thoughts are transmitted from one person to another.

The artistic style of speech is not distinguished by all scientists. Some researchers, highlighting among functional styles speech artistic style, its main features are considered to be:

its use in works of art;

depicting with its help a living picture, object, state, conveying to the reader the feelings and moods of the author;

concreteness, imagery and emotionality of the statement;

the presence of special linguistic means: words with a specific meaning, with comparison value, comparisons, words in figurative use, emotional-evaluative, etc.

Other scientists consider it as the language of fiction, and the concepts of “artistic style,” “style of fiction,” and “language of fiction” are considered synonymous.

The stylistic stratification of speech is its characteristic feature. This stratification is based on several factors, the main one being the spheres of communication. Sphere individual consciousness- everyday life - and the informal environment associated with it give rise to a conversational style, spheres public consciousness with their accompanying formality, bookish styles are nourished.

The difference in the communicative function of language is also significant. For the presenter is for book styles - a message function.

Among book styles, the artistic style of speech especially stands out. Thus, his language acts not only (and perhaps not so much) but also as a means of influencing people.

The artist summarizes his observations with the help of a specific image, through the skillful selection of expressive details. He shows, draws, depicts the subject of speech. But you can only show and draw what is visible, concrete. Therefore, the requirement for specificity is the main feature of the artistic style. However good artist will never describe, say, a spring forest directly, so to speak, head-on, in the manner of science. He will select a few strokes and expressive details for his image and with their help he will create a visible image, a picture.

Speaking about imagery as the leading stylistic feature of artistic speech, one should distinguish between “image in words”, i.e. figurative meanings of words, and “image through words.” Only by combining both, we get an artistic style of speech.

In addition, the artistic style of speech has the following characteristic features:

1. Scope of use: works of art.

2. Speech tasks: create a living picture depicting what is being said there's a story going on; convey to the reader the emotions and feelings experienced by the author.

3. Characteristics artistic style of speech. The statement basically happens:

Figurative (expressive and lively);

Specific (this person is described, and not people in general);

Emotional.

Specific words: not animals, but wolves, foxes, deer and others; didn’t look, but paid attention, looked.

Words are often used in a figurative meaning: an ocean of smiles, the sun is sleeping.

The use of emotionally evaluative words: a) having diminutive suffixes: bucket, swallow, little white; b) with the suffix -evat- (-ovat-): loose, reddish.

Use of verbs perfect form, having the prefix za-, indicating the beginning of the action (the orchestra began to play).

Using present tense verbs instead of past tense verbs (I went to school, suddenly I see...).

The use of interrogatives, incentives, exclamation sentences.

Use of sentences with homogeneous members.

Speeches can be found in any art book:

Shined with forged damask steel

The rivers are a icy stream.

Don was scary

The horses snored

And the backwater foamed with blood... (V. Fetisov)

Quiet and blissful is the December night. The village sleeps peacefully, and the stars, like guards, vigilantly and vigilantly watch that there is harmony on earth, so that unrest and discord, God forbid, do not disturb the unsteady harmony, do not push people into new quarrels - the Russian side is already sufficiently fed with them ( A. Ustenko).

Note!

It is necessary to be able to distinguish between the artistic style of speech and the language of a work of art. In it, the writer resorts to various functional styles, using language as a means speech characteristics hero. Most often, the characters’ remarks reflect a conversational style of speech, but if the task of creating an artistic image requires it, the writer can use both scientific and business in the hero’s speech, and the failure to distinguish between the concepts of “artistic style of speech” and “language of a work of art” leads to perceiving any excerpt from a work of art as an example of an artistic style of speech, which is a gross mistake.

Try writing a comment in book style!!!

Greetings, dear readers! Pavel Yamb is in touch. A captivating plot, an interesting presentation, an inimitable, unlike anything else style - and it is impossible to tear yourself away from the work. By all indications, this is an artistic style of text or a type of bookish style, since it is most often used in literature, for writing books. It mainly exists in writing. This is what causes its features.

There are three genres:

• Prose: story, fairy tale, novel, story, short story.
• Dramaturgy: play, comedy, drama, farce.
• Poetry: poem, poem, song, ode, elegy.

Who hasn't done this yet? Leave any comment and download my book, which contains a fable, a parable and a story about copywriters and writers. Look at my art style.

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1. Task 1 of 10

   1 .

   - Yes, he spent the entire scholarship. Instead of buying a new computer, or at least a laptop

2. Task 2 of 10

   2 .

   What text style does this passage belong to?

   “Varenka, such a sweet, good-natured and sympathetic girl, whose eyes always shone with kindness and warmth, with the calm look of a real demon, walked towards the “Ugly Harry” bar with a Thompson machine gun at the ready, ready to roll these vile, dirty, smelly and slippery types into the asphalt, who dared to stare at her charms and drool lasciviously."

3. Task 3 of 10

   3 .

   What text style does this passage belong to?

   - But I don’t love him, I don’t love him, that’s all! And I will never love you. And what is my fault?

4. Task 4 of 10

   4 .

   What text style does this passage belong to?

   “Based on the results of the experiment, we can conclude that simplicity is the key to success”

5. Task 5 of 10

   5 .

   What text style does this passage belong to?

   “The transition to a multi-tier architecture of Internet-oriented client-server applications has confronted developers with the problem of distributing data processing functions between the client and server parts of the application.”

6. Task 6 of 10

   6 .

   What text style does this passage belong to?

   “Yasha was just a petty dirty trickster, who, nevertheless, had very great potential. Even in his pink childhood, he masterfully stole apples from Aunt Nyura, and not even twenty years had passed when, with the same dashing fuse, he switched to banks in twenty-three countries of the world, and he managed to clean them out so skillfully that neither the police nor Interpol could ever catch him red-handed."

7. Task 7 of 10

   7 .

   What text style does this passage belong to?

   “Why did you come to our monastery? - he asked.

   - What do you care, get out of the way! – the stranger snapped.

   “Uuuu...” the monk drawled meaningfully. - Looks like you weren't taught any manners. Okay, I'm just in the mood today, let's teach you a few lessons.

   - You got me, monk, hangard! – hissed uninvited guest.

   – My blood is starting to play! – the churchman moaned with delight, “Please try not to disappoint me.”

8. Task 8 of 10

   8 .

   What text style does this passage belong to?

   "I ask you to grant me a week's leave to travel abroad. family circumstances. I am enclosing a certificate regarding my wife's health. October 8, 2012. "

9. Task 9 of 10

   9 .

   What text style does this passage belong to?

   “I am a 7th grade student who took school library the book “Alice in Wonderland” for a literature lesson. I undertake to return it on January 17th. January 11, 2017"

10. Task 10 out of 10

    10 .

    What text style does this passage belong to?

    “During the war in the village. Borovoe, 45 houses out of 77 survived. The collective farmers had 4 cows, 3 heifers, 13 sheep, 3 piglets. Most of the gardens on personal plots, as well as an orchard with a total area of ​​2.7 hectares belonging to the Krasnaya Zarya collective farm, were cut down. Damage caused German fascist invaders property of the collective farm and collective farmers is estimated at approximately 230,700 rubles.”

The ability to write in this style gives a good advantage when making money by writing articles for a content exchange.

Main features of the artistic style

High emotionality, the use of direct speech, an abundance of epithets, metaphors, colorful narration - these are the features of the literary language. Texts influence the imagination of readers, “turning on” their fantasy. It is no coincidence that such articles have gained popularity in copywriting.

Main features:

Artistic style is the author’s way of self-expression; this is how plays, poems and poems, stories, short stories, and novels are written. He is not like the others.

• The author and the narrator are one person. In the work, the author’s “I” is clearly expressed.
• Emotions, the mood of the author and the work are conveyed using the entire wealth of language. Metaphors, comparisons, phraseological units are always used when writing.
• Elements of conversational style and journalism are used to express the author's style.
• Words are not just used to draw pictures artistic images, embedded in them hidden meaning, thanks to the polysemy of speech.
• The main task of the text is to convey the author’s emotions and create the appropriate mood in the reader.

The artistic style does not tell, it shows: the reader feels the situation, as if transported to the places that are being narrated. The mood is created thanks to the author's experiences. The artistic style successfully combines explanations scientific facts, and imagery, and attitude to what is happening, author's assessment events.

Linguistic diversity of style

Compared to other styles, linguistic means are used in all their diversity. There are no restrictions: even scientific terms alone can create vivid images if there is an appropriate emotional mood.

Reading the work is clear and easy, and the use of other styles is only to create color and authenticity. But when writing articles in an artistic style, you will have to carefully monitor the language: it is the book language that is recognized as a reflection of the literary language.

Language features:

• Using elements of all styles.
• The use of linguistic means is completely subordinated to the author's intention.
• Linguistic means perform an aesthetic function.

There is no formality or dryness to be found here. No and value judgments. But the smallest details are conveyed to create the appropriate mood in the reader. In copywriting, thanks to the artistic style, hypnotic texts appeared. They create an amazing effect: it is impossible to tear yourself away from reading, and reactions arise that the author wants to evoke.

The obligatory elements of the artistic style were:

• Conveying the author's feelings.
• Allegory.
• Inversion.
• Epithets.
• Comparisons.

Let's consider the main features of the style. There are a lot of details in works of art.

To form the reader’s attitude towards the characters or what is happening, the author conveys own feelings. Moreover, his attitude can be both positive and negative.

The artistic style owes its rich vocabulary to epithets. Usually these are phrases where one or more words complement each other: incredibly happy, beastly appetite.

Brightness and imagery are a function of metaphors, combinations of words or individual words, used figuratively. Classical metaphors were especially widely used. Example: His conscience gnawed at him for a long time and insidiously, causing cats to scratch at his soul.

Without comparisons, artistic style would not exist. They bring a special atmosphere: hungry like a wolf, unapproachable like a rock - these are examples of comparisons.

Borrowing elements of other styles is most often expressed in direct speech and character dialogues. The author can use any style, but the most popular is conversational. Example:

“How beautiful this landscape is,” the writer said thoughtfully.

“Well,” his companion snorted, “the picture is so-so, not even ice.”

To enhance a passage or give a special coloring it is used reverse order words or inversion. Example: It is inappropriate to compete with stupidity.

The best in language, its strongest capabilities and beauty are reflected in literary works. This is achieved through artistic means.

Each author has his own style of writing. Not a single one is used random word. Each phrase, each punctuation mark, the construction of sentences, the use or, on the contrary, the absence of names and the frequency of use of parts of speech are means of achieving the author’s intention. And every writer has his own ways of expressing.

One of the features of the artistic style is color painting. The writer uses color as a way to show atmosphere and characterize characters. The palette of tones helps to dive deeper into the work, to present the picture depicted by the author more clearly.

Features of the style include deliberately identical construction of sentences, rhetorical questions, and appeals. Rhetorical questions are interrogative in form, but they are narrative in essence. The messages in them are always associated with the expression of the author's emotions:

What is he looking for in a distant land?

What did he throw in his native land?

(M. Lermontov)

Such questions are needed not to obtain answers, but to attract the reader’s attention to a phenomenon, subject, or to express a statement.

Appeals are also often used. In their role, the writer uses proper names, animal names and even inanimate objects. If in a conversational style the address serves to name the addressee, then in the artistic style they more often play an emotional, metaphorical role.

It involves all the elements at the same time, as well as some of them. Each has a specific role, but the goal is common: filling the text with colors to maximize the conveyed atmosphere to the reader.

Features of speech

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The world of fiction is the world that the author sees: his admiration, preferences, rejection. This is what causes the emotionality and versatility of the book style.

Vocabulary features:

1. When writing, template phrases are not used.
2. Words are often used in a figurative sense.
3. Intentional mixing of styles.
4. The words are emotionally charged.

The basis of vocabulary is, first of all, figurative means. Highly specialized combinations of words are used only slightly to recreate a reliable situation in the description.

Additional semantic nuances are the use of polysemantic words and synonyms. Thanks to them, an original, unique, imaginative text is formed. Moreover, not only expressions accepted in the literature are used, but also conversational phrases, vernacular.

The main thing in book styles- its imagery. Every element, every sound is significant. That’s why common phrases and original neologisms are used, for example, “nikudism.” Great amount comparisons, particular accuracy in describing the smallest details, the use of rhymes. Even the prose is rhythmic.

If the main task conversational style is communication, and scientific style is the transfer of information; book style is intended to have an emotional impact on the reader. And all the linguistic means used by the author serve to achieve this goal.

Purpose and its tasks

Art style - construction material to create a work. Only the author can find the right words for the correct expression of thoughts, conveying the plot and characters. Only a writer can force readers to enter into what he has created. special world and empathize with the characters.

Literary style distinguishes the author from the rest and gives his publications a peculiarity and zest. That’s why it’s important to choose the right style for yourself. Character traits Every style has it, but every writer uses them to create their own signature. And there is absolutely no need to copy classic writers if you like him. He will not become his own, but will only turn publications into parodies.

And the reason is that individuality was and remains at the head of the book style. Choosing your own style is very difficult, but this is what is valued most of all. So the main features of the style include sincerity, which forces readers not to tear themselves away from the work.

Artistic style differs from other styles in the use of linguistic means of other styles. But only for aesthetic function. And not the styles themselves, but their features and elements. Literary and extra-literary devices are used: dialect words, jargon. All the richness of speech is necessary to express the author's intention and create a work.

Imagery, expressiveness, and emotionality are the main things in book styles. But without the author’s individuality and special presentation there would not be the most artistic work as a whole.

No need to get carried away beyond measure conversational style or include in the text scientific terms: Only elements of styles are used, but all styles are not thoughtlessly mixed. And a description of the smallest details of the apartment, which I briefly glanced at main character, also no use.

Colloquialisms, jargon, a mixture of styles - everything should be in moderation. And a text written from the heart, not compressed or stretched, will become hypnotic, attracting attention to itself. This is the purpose that artistic style serves.

Pavel Yamb was with you. See you!

artistic speech stylistics Russian

The specificity of the artistic style of speech, as a functional one, lies in the fact that it is used in fiction, which performs a figurative-cognitive and ideological-aesthetic function. Unlike, for example, the abstract, objective, logical-conceptual reflection of reality in scientific speech, fiction is characterized by a concrete figurative representation of life. A work of art is characterized by perception through the senses and re-creation of reality; the author strives, first of all, to convey his personal experience, his understanding or comprehension of a particular phenomenon. But in a literary text we see not only the world of the writer, but also the writer in this world: his preferences, condemnations, admiration, rejection, and the like. Associated with this is the emotionality and expressiveness, metaphor, and meaningful diversity of the artistic style of speech.

The main goal of the artistic style is to master the world according to the laws of beauty, to satisfy aesthetic needs both the author of a work of art and the reader, the aesthetic impact on the reader with the help of artistic images.

The basis of the artistic style of speech is the literary Russian language. The word in this functional style performs a nominative-figurative function. The number of words that form the basis of this style, first of all, includes figurative means of the Russian literary language, as well as words that realize their meaning in the context. These are words with a wide range of usage. Highly specialized words are used to an insignificant extent, only to create artistic authenticity when describing certain aspects of life.

The artistic style differs from other functional styles in that it uses the linguistic means of all other styles, but these means (which is very important) appear here in a modified function - in an aesthetic one. In addition, in artistic speech not only strictly literary, but also extra-literary means of language can be used - colloquial, slang, dialect, etc., which are also not used in the primary function, but are subordinate to an aesthetic task.

A word in a work of art seems to be doubled: it has the same meaning as in the general literary language, as well as an additional, incremental one associated with artistic world, content of this work. Therefore, in artistic speech, words acquire a special quality, a certain depth, and begin to mean Furthermore, what they mean in ordinary speech, while remaining outwardly the same words.

This is how the transformation happens ordinary language into the artistic, this, one might say, is the mechanism of action of the aesthetic function in a work of art.

The peculiarities of the language of fiction include an unusually rich, varied vocabulary. If the vocabulary of scientific, official business and colloquial speech is relatively limited thematically and stylistically, then the vocabulary of artistic style is fundamentally unlimited. All other styles can be used here - terms, official expressions, and spoken words and circulation, and journalism. Of course, all these various means undergo aesthetic transformation, fulfill certain artistic tasks, and are used in unique combinations. However, there are no fundamental prohibitions or restrictions regarding vocabulary. Any word can be used if it is aesthetically motivated and justified.

We can say that in artistic style all linguistic means, including neutral ones, are used to express the poetic thought of the author, to create a system of images of a work of art.

Wide range of applications speech means is explained by the fact that, unlike other functional styles, each of which reflects one specific aspect of life, the artistic style, being a kind of mirror of reality, reproduces all spheres human activity, all phenomena public life. The language of fiction is fundamentally devoid of any stylistic closure; it is open to any styles, any lexical layers, any linguistic means. This openness determines the diversity of the language of fiction.

In general, artistic style is usually characterized by imagery, expressiveness, emotionality, author's individuality, specificity of presentation, and the specificity of the use of all linguistic means.

It influences the reader’s imagination and feelings, conveys the author’s thoughts and feelings, uses all the richness of vocabulary, the possibilities of different styles, and is characterized by imagery, emotionality, and specificity of speech. The emotionality of an artistic style differs significantly from the emotionality of a colloquial style, since the emotionality of artistic speech performs an aesthetic function.

More broad concept is the language of fiction: the artistic style is usually used in the author's speech, but other styles, such as colloquial, may be present in the speech of the characters.

The language of fiction is a kind of mirror of literary language. Rich literature means rich literary language. Great poets and writers create new forms of literary language, which are then used by their followers and all those who speak and write in this language. Artistic speech appears as the pinnacle achievement of language. There are possibilities in it national language presented in their most complete and pure development.