Spelling of unstressed vowels in noun endings. Vowels in verb endings

Rules of Russian spelling and punctuation. Complete academic reference book Lopatin Vladimir Vladimirovich

Unstressed vowels in case endings

Section 67. In accordance with the general rule (see § 33), the spelling of letters in the place of unstressed vowels in endings is determined by checking the forms of words with the same ending (of the same type of declension) in which the vowel under test is stressed, for example:

about? zero, knee? but, after? le, canvas? (window?, chisel?, face?, gun),

cup? shi, ko? neither (tables?, kicks);

book? ge, about book? ge (hand?, about hand?);

stool, lake, stone (table?, window?, stump);

to? Mom, Po? Lem, Hundred? (table? m, window? m, knife? m, edge);

about the teacher? the body, about the hundred? mug, about the dress, in the field (about a horse?, about a knife?, about underwear?, in a window?);

but? chi, horses, joy (indirect cases units hours; cf. love?, wilderness?);

readers, joys (teacher? th, horse? th);

servants, nem? (cities?m, teachers?m, seas?m);

red, blue, red (young? first, big? and mine?, most?);

si?him (big?m);

one? 11 (five?, twenty?);

ninety (hundred?);

nine hundred(indirect cases; cf. a hundred?).

Note. Letter and written at the end of forms tv. n. pl. h. nouns and adjectives and tv. n. numerals - in endings ?ami (?yami), ?s (?them): tables, sisters, nights; big, strong; three hundred etc. The final vowel of these endings, always unstressed, can be verified by comparison with the stressed ending tv. n. pl. ?mi in forms children?, people? and in form options doors?, daughters?, horses?(cf. doors? mi, daughters? mi, horse? mi).

§ 68. In the form of p. units h. husband the kind of adjectives (as well as all other words inflected as adjectives) without stress, the ending is written ?th(after soft paired consonants and hissing - ?y), although the stressed ending is ?oh.

Wed, for example: angry, young, big, but full, cheerful, blue, strong, good, fresh; cf. options such as portable and figuratively, delusional and delusional; cf. large and larger, marine and seaside, river and dawn.

Section 69. The following endings contain vowels that are not checked by stress position.

The final vowel of the endings is always unstressed. n. adjectives wives. kind ?and I (?ya): red, big, blue; environments, kind ?oh (?her): red, big, blue; pl. numbers ?s (?ie): red, big, blue.

Nouns in ?anine (?yanin), as well as the words barin, boyar, gypsy in them. n. pl. hours have an unstressed ending ?e: peasants, townspeople, citizens, Romans, Armenians, boyars, bare(along with the option bars), gypsies(but cf. form gypsies at Pushkin).

In them. and wine. n. numerals are written endings: ?and in the word two hundred; ?a in the words three hundred and four hundred; ?about (?e) in collective numbers, for example: four, six, two, three. At the end of TV n. numeral three letter is written e: three.

Section 70. Nouns with some suffixes have peculiarities in writing unstressed endings.

Nouns with an augmentative suffix ?search- husband. or avg. genders end in them. p. units hours on ?e, for example: house, she-wolf, cat, letter, omen. Nouns for women genders with the same suffix end in them. p. units hours on ?a, for example: cows, hands, dirt. Words on ?more husband. kind in them. n. pl. hours end in ? and: wolves, houses, eyes.

Note. Words Wednesdays, kinda on ?more- both with magnifying and with other meanings - they have in them. n. pl. h. ending ?a: letters, shoulders. Wed conflagration, ax(masculine gender) - magnifying to fire, ax- them. n. pl. h. conflagrators, axes; but conflagration(environment, gender) ‘place where there was a fire’, ax handle(environment, gender) ‘axe handle’ - conflagration, ax. Words with an augmentative suffix ?search- having only plural forms. hours, in them. n. - the same ending as in them. n. generating word, for example: money is money, gates are gates.

Nouns with suffix ?ishk- end in them. p. units hours on ?a or ?about: in the words of husband. kind of animated and in the words of women. kind - ending ?a, in the words of the husband. kind of inanimate and in words environments, kind - ending ?about. Wed, for example: brother, boy, little man, cat, servant, little thought and little house, small town, small factory, coat, little dress, milky. The same endings have nouns with an affectionate (unstressed) suffix ?ear- (?yushk-): cf., e.g., uncle, father-in-law, neighbor, nightingale, widow, nanny, wolf and bread, chadushko, polyushko, goryushko.

In words of environments, gender with a suffix ?yshk- in them. p. units h - ending ?about, for example: feather, neck; in the word female. kind pancake- the ending ?a.

In nouns with a suffix ?l- in them. p. units h - ending ?a or ?about: common nouns or husband. genus - names of persons ending in ?a, inanimate nouns environments, kind - on ?about. Wed, for example: sang, turned on, crammed, thug, bouncer, cheated, molested and blew, whetstone, measure, wandered, scarecrow.

Note. AT proper names type Gavrila, Danila, Kirila, Mikhaila, Samoila the ending is written ?a. But cf. traditional spelling Mikhailo Lomonosov, as well as deprecated spellings like Gavrilo, Danilo preserved in some texts writers of the 19th in.

§ 71. Case forms of nouns na?, ?ie, ?ia.

1. Nouns with a non-monosyllabic stem masculine. and environments, sort of on ?y and ?ie in the preposition n. and wives. sort of on ?and I in dates and suggestion. p. units hours are in an unstressed position, in derogation from general rule, the ending ?and, but not ?e, for example: genius - about genius, sodium - about sodium, radium - about radium, Vasily - about Vasily, Yuri - about Yuri, department - in department, return - upon return, assistance - with assistance; army - to the army, about the army; line - along the line, on the line; station - to the station, at the station; Bulgaria - in Bulgaria, in Bulgaria; Mary - to Mary, oh Mary.

If there are options for ?ie and ?ye, ?ye and ?ya specified case forms have different endings mi - ?e: compare, e.g., variant pairs like about skill - about skill, in flowering - in flowering, about verbosity - about verbosity, about Natalia - about Natalya, to Mary - to Marya.

Note. In artistic, especially poetic, speech, it is allowed to write preposition forms. n. nouns environments, gender on ?e(usually with the preposition in) with the ending ?and, for example: In silence, you walked alone with a great thought(P.); There is a feat in the battle, / There is a feat in the struggle. / The highest feat is in patience, / In love and prayer(Hom.); And the snow competed in zeal / With twilight death(B. Past.); "Enchanted"(title of the poem by I. Severyanin); Birds are crying in the skies, / The heart is beating in the hypochondria(V. Valley). Under stress, the end of the preposition. P. ?and only one word per ?ye: oblivion - in oblivion?.

2. A few nouns in ?uy, ?yi with a monosyllabic stem in the indicated cases in an unstressed position, as a general rule, the ending ?e. List of such words: serpent - oh serpent, cue - oh ki?(option: about which?), cue(legendary founder of Kyiv) - about Kya, whose(plant) - about chie, "Viy" - in "Bue", Pius - about Pius, under Pope Pius; hriya(term of rhetoric) - by hrie, o hrie; Biya(river) - along Biya, on Biya; Oia, Leah, Via (female names) - to Ie, about Leah, about Vie; Gia (man's name) - to Gia, oh Gia.

Note to paragraphs. 1 and 2. Few nouns have ?ie, ?ie having an accent on the ending, the indicated case forms end in and on either e , for example: judge? - to the judge?, about the judge?, lithium? - in lithium?, litany? - in litany?, being? - about life?, life? - about life?, in life?, but: point - on the point ?, about the point ?, Ziya ?, Aliya ?, Zulfiya?(personal names) - about Ziya?, about Aliya?, to Zulfiya?, Kyzyl-Kiya?(city) - in Kyzyl-Kiya?.

§ 72. Stable combinations of prepositions in, on, by with nouns on ?ie in the preposition items that are close in their role in the sentence to prepositions end (according to the rule of § 71, item 1) with ?ii. Are written: in a relationship somebody, something in anticipation something, ahead of something, accompanied somebody, something according with something, in agreement with somebody, compared or in comparison with somebody. ('compared'; but: does not compare); based something, for something; after the lapse of something The adverb is also spelled subsequently.

They must be distinguished from stable combinations of prepositions in (in) and on the with nouns on ?ie in wine items that have become prepositions or close to prepositions; these combinations end in ?ie. Are written: Finally something (and Finally‘at the end, ending’), in conclusion something, in violation something, in contrast from somebody, in continuation something, during something, to avoid something, into change something, pursuant to something and (merged) due to something, like something

Combinations close to prepositions differ in spelling in the absence of someone (‘in the absence of’) and in the presence someone

Similar stable combinations with a letter e at the end (including the form of win. p.) should be distinguished (in meaning) from free combinations with prepositions. n. Wed, for example: in continuation, but: notice an error in the continuation of the story; Finally, but: find a contradiction in the conclusion of the commission; in the absence of, but: see crime in the absence of a student at a lecture.

§ 73. Russian (and Russian-styled) surnames on ?in (?un) and on ?ov (?ev) are on TV. p. units h. ending ?th(as with adjectives), e.g.: Prishvin - Prishvin, Lisitsyn - Lisitsyn, Orlov - Orlov, Turgenev - Turgenev, Gazzaev - Gazzaev. Wed under stress: Borodin - from Borodina?.

Note. AT foreign surnames on the ?in and ?ov in tv. p. units h. the ending is written ?om(as with masculine nouns), e.g.: Darwin - Darwin, (Charlie) Chaplin - Chaplin, Gershwin - Gershwin, Virchow - Virchow.

City names for ?ov (?ev) and ?in have on TV. n. ending ?om, for example: the city of Lviv - the city of Lviv, Saratov - Saratov, Kanev - Kanev, Mogilev - Mogilev, Kamyshin - Kamyshin. Wed under stress: Tulchi?n - near Tulchino?m. Thus, surnames and names of cities have different endings tv. P.: Pushkin(surname) - Pushkin and Pushkin(city) - Pushkin; Alexandrov(surname) - Alexandrov and Alexandrov(city) - Alexandrov.

In titles settlements and territories on ?ovo (?evo) and ?ino (?no) in TV forms. n. is also written ?om, for example: Kryukovo - near Kryukov, Odintsovo - Odintsovo, Golitsino - Golitsyn, the village of Maryino - the village of Maryin, Kosovo - Kosovo. Wed under stress: Borodino? - near Borodino? M, Strogino? - Strogino?.

From the book 100 great writers author Ivanov Gennady Viktorovich

From the book Spelling and Style Guide author Rosenthal Ditmar Elyashevich

§ 1. Checked unstressed vowels Unstressed vowels of the root are checked by stress, that is, the same vowel is written in the unstressed syllable as in the corresponding stressed syllable of the same-root word, for example: try on (measure) a suit - reconcile (peace) neighbors; fluttering

From the book A Guide to Spelling, Pronunciation, literary editing author Rosenthal Ditmar Elyashevich

§ 2. Unchecked unstressed vowels The spelling of unstressed vowels that cannot be checked by stress is determined by spelling dictionary, for example: badminton, concrete, twine, can, bodyaga, bryolin, validol, cheesecake, ventilation, vestibule, ham,

From the book Rules of Russian Spelling and Punctuation. Complete Academic Handbook author Lopatin Vladimir Vladimirovich

VI. Vowels after hissing and c in suffixes and endings § 35. Vowels o and e after hissing 1. After hissing under stress, o is written in accordance with the pronunciation: a) in the endings of nouns, for example: dugout, turn (turn), listage, displacement, footage,

From the author's book

§ 1. Checked unstressed vowels Unstressed vowels of the root are checked by stress, i.e. the same vowel is written in the unstressed syllable as in the corresponding stressed syllable of the same-root word, for example: forests (forest), fox (whether? sy), try on (me ?rit) costume - reconcile (peace)

From the author's book

§ 2. Unchecked unstressed vowels The spelling of unstressed vowels that cannot be checked by stress is determined by the spelling dictionary, for example: badminton, concrete, twine, can, bodyaga, grease, validol, cheesecake, ventilation, vestibule, ham,

From the author's book

§ 3. Alternating vowels Alternating a and o1. At the root gar- - city- under stress is written a, without stress - o; zaga?r, uga?r - tanned? ly, eel? Th. Exceptions: you? garki, and? zagar, pri? gar (special and dialect words) .2. At the root of zar- - zor- a vowel is written under stress in

From the author's book

VI. Vowels after hissing and c IN SUFFIXES AND ENDINGS § 34. Vowels o and e after hissing 1. After hissing under stress, o is written, in accordance with the pronunciation: a) in the endings of nouns, for example: dugout, turn (turn), listage, displacement, footage,

From the author's book

§ 35. Vowels after c 1. After c in endings and suffixes under stress, it is written o, without stress e. For example: end? out - calico? tsevy, ring? howl - ring? After c in endings and suffixes, s is written (in

From the author's book

Unstressed vowels in roots § 34. In accordance with the general rule (see § 33), the spelling of letters in the place of unstressed vowels in roots is established by checking words and forms with the same root in which the vowel being checked is stressed, for example: water? (cf. water,

From the author's book

Unstressed vowels in prefixes § 38. In accordance with the general rule (see § 33), the spelling of letters in place of unstressed vowels in prefixes (except for the prefix raz- / rose-, see § 40) is established by checking words and forms with the same prefix , in which the checked vowel

From the author's book

Unstressed vowels in suffixes § 42. In accordance with the general rule (see § 33), the spelling of letters in the place of unstressed vowels in suffixes is established by checking words and forms with the same suffix in which the vowel under test is stressed. Examples

From the author's book

Unstressed fluent vowels in roots and suffixes of nouns and adjectives Introductory remarks. Correct writing letters in place of an unstressed vowel in some cases are determined by the fluency of this vowel. A fluent vowel appears in many names

From the author's book

Unstressed connecting vowels § 65. When connecting the stems of two or more words into one compound word, as well as when forming compound words with constituent parts of an international character, a connecting vowel is used, transmitted in writing by the letters o and

From the author's book

Unstressed vowels in verb forms Vowels in verb endings § 74. The spelling of unstressed vowels in verb endings follows the general rule (see § 33): unstressed endings are checked by the corresponding stressed ones. The application of this rule requires skill

From the author's book

Unstressed particles not and neither § 77. There are two particles different in meaning and use - not and neither. Wed occasions when they are stressed: He doesn't? was at school today. Whoever he is? was, you need to talk to him. But in most cases the particles are not and are not shockless and in

The spelling of unstressed vowels in verb endings follows the general rule (see § 33): unstressed endings are checked by the corresponding stressed vowels. The application of this rule requires the ability to determine which conjugation the verb belongs to.

In the forms of the present future tense of verbs I and II of conjugation in all endings, except for the 1st person singular. h., vowels differ. In the forms of the 2nd and 3rd person singular. hours, 1st and 2nd person pl. h. verbs of I conjugation, a letter is written yo (no accent) e ), in the same forms of verbs of II conjugation, the letter is written and ; in the form of the 3rd person pl. part of verbs of I conjugation - letters at (Yu ), verbs of II conjugation - a (I ). Wed, for example: carries, pecks, reads and screams, burns, asks; carry, peck, read and we shout, we burn, we ask; carry, peck, read and shouting, burning, asking.

Assigning the verb to I or II conjugation and writing the correct vowel at the end causes difficulties in such cases, for example, as sawing and poke, drive and dry, sit down and walks, plows and breathe, put and lie down, rinse and drag, cry and heal, sow and builds. In such pairs of non-stressed endings, they are pronounced the same (as in the above pairs) or they may be mixed (in some forms of the 3rd person plural: cf. prick and sawing, plow and breathe, rinse and drag, sow and are building).

The type of conjugation of verbs with unstressed endings is determined by the form of the infinitive ( indefinite form verb). If in these verbs before the infinitive suffix −th- vowel and , then the verb belongs to the II conjugation, for example: saw, wear, put, treat. Verbs with an infinitive not on −it belong to the I conjugation, for example: prick, plow, cry, doze, walk, regret, sow, touch, dry, lie down, climb, sit down. So, for example, you should write: wears, put, treat, but plows, cries, walks, we regret, we touch, we climb, we doze.

Selecting a letter before an infinitive suffix −th in place of an unstressed vowel (as, for example, in the verbs to stroke, multiply, build, sway, see, depend, offend, hear, sow) is determined special rule, see § 76 .

All of the above applies to verbs with prefixes and with a final element (postfix) − Xia (− sing) that have endings of the same conjugation type as the corresponding verbs without prefix and without − Xia (− sing), for example: will drink(cf. drinks), choose (take), sleep well (we sleep), will paint (paint), cut (you cut), suffers (suffering), prick (prick).

Note 1. When conjugating a verb lay(and all verbs derived from it) use the same forms as the verb I of the conjugation lay: lay, lay, lay, lay, lay.

Note 2. Verb to want(and all verbs derived from it) has in singular. h. unstressed endings of I conjugation ( want, want), although in many hours under stress - endings of II conjugation ( want, want, want).

Note 3. Verbs of I conjugation sprinkle, shake and tweak(and all verbs derived from them), along with forms like sprinkle, sprinkle, sprinkle, flutter, flutter, flutter, pinch, pinch, pinch, have colloquial variant forms type scatter, scatter, tremble, tremble, tingle, tingle, and the forms of the 3rd person plural included in this series. hours are transmitted in writing with the ending of II conjugation: poke, poke, pinch.

Note 4. In suffixes real participles present time −ysh (−yusch) and −ash (−box) the same vowel is written as in the endings of the 3rd person plural. hours of the corresponding verbs (see § 58). About writing vowels in others participial forms see § 59 and 60.

Final vowel (always unstressed) at the end of the 2nd person plural. h. is transmitted in writing with a letter e (in verbs of both types of conjugation), e.g.: write, draw, walk, look. letter e plural forms also end. h. imperative mood, for example: go, write, draw, look, go.

Noun endings. The choice of e / and in the endings of nouns of the genitive, dative and prepositional cases of the singular is difficult.

Remember: the edge - on the edge, oblivion - in oblivion.
Please note: in prepositional words on -iya, -ie, -th letter and, preceding the ending, “calls” for itself the ending -i, the preceding letters e or b - the ending -e: about
energy, constellation, happiness, but about the livery, the gallery, the solitude, fun, happiness.
Pay attention to the spelling of noun endings with suffixes -isch-, -ushk-/-yushk-, -yshk-/-ishk-, -l-: -isch-e - at noun. masculine and neuter: city - city-isch-e, crucian carp - carp-isch-e; swamp - swamp-seek-e, suburb - suburb-seek-e;
-seek-a - at noun. female: leg - knife-look-a, head - head-look-a;
-ushk-o (-ushk-o),
-ishk-o (-ishk-o) - for inanimate entities. masculine and neuter: bread - bread-ushk-o, house - house-ishk-o, grief - goryushk-o, wing - wing-yshk-o;
-ushk-a (-yushk-a),
-ishk-a (-yshk-a) - for all other nouns (animal noun m.r.; animate and inanimate noun. f.r.): brother - brother-ushk-a, uncle - uncle- yushk-a, student - student-ishk-a; girl - girl-ushk-a, will - ox-yushk-a, trifle - trifle-ishk-a;
-l-a - for nouns generic: imagine-l-a, refuel-l-a, bison-l-a, weirdo-l-a;
-l-o - for nouns of the middle gender with the meaning of the instrument of action: load-l-o, cover-l-o, shine-l-o, sharpen-l-o, chisel-l-o, urine-l-o.

Verb endings. In unstressed personal endings of verbs, the spelling of e / and depends on the conjugation of the verb:

conjugation - in the endings the letter e: shave - shave, shave, shave, shave; fight - fight, fight, fight, fight.
conjugation - in the endings the letter and: offend - offend, offend, offend, offend; pray - pray, pray, pray, pray.

Note:
1) on the conjugation of “mistakenly dangerous” verbs (verbs of the first conjugation; see their list in § 4, clause 5):
sow - sow, sow, sow, sow, sow; blow - blow, blow, blow, blow, blow; repent - repent, repent, repent, repent, repent; moldy - moldy, moldy, moldy, moldy, moldy;
lay, lay - lay, lay, lay, lay, lay;

intransitive verbs with the prefix debilitate / debilitate are verbs of I conjugation, transitive - II conjugation: weaken (trans.) - weaken, weaken, weaken, weaken, weaken; to weaken (non-perek.) - to weaken, to weaken, to weaken, to weaken.

Today we will work in groups.

Let's remember the rules of working in groups.

I wish you Have a good mood and careful attitude to each other.

First attention task.

Group 1 will sit down when I say a noun, group 2 - a verb, group 3 - an adjective. (mysterious, guess)

What part of speech have I not mentioned yet? (noun). The first group form a noun yourself, it must be related to the previous words. (mystery)

What do we know about the noun?

What topic are we currently working on?

The topic of our lesson : "Unstressed vowels at the end of a noun."

What do we need to know to check for an unstressed noun ending? Discuss in groups and write what you need to know, repeat and why?

What is the purpose of the lesson ? (Learn to check unmistakably unstressed noun endings)

Let's determine in order to achieve our goal, what work we need to do in the lesson.

I hope that today at the lesson we will work with concentration, learn new, useful, interesting things, and we will also work together in groups.

The lesson starts with vocabulary work.

vocabulary work .

1.On the word board

Bus, car, diesel locomotive, ship, highway, ride

I suggest to train thinking.

What can you say about these words?

What word is missing? Why? (ride - verb) Removed the verb

What is the odd word? (highway - cf. kind)

What do the remaining words have in common? (nouns, 2 declensions, male)

I suggest to train memory.

Write these words down from memory

1 group will write them in genitive case,

2 group in the dative

Group 3 in the instrumental case.

Tasks on the card

1) Nouns in the genitive case answer questions

a) what?, what? b) whom?, what? c) whom?, what?

2) Nouns of what declension have in P.p and D.p. ending -I

a) Declension I b) Declension II c) Declension III

3) What key words in

a) I declension

b) II declension

c) III declension

Mutual verification.

words on the board .

Divide them into three columns so that the first column contains nouns of the I declension, in the second - nouns of the II declension, in the third nouns III declination. Explain spelling endings.

On the outskirts...; in books...; on the tablecloth...; about things..., on the table...; near the gatehouse ...; branch ate ...; to the sirens..., to the swan..., to the arable land..., about the city..., to the saucers..., winter blizzard...

Fizminutka

Assess your strengths.

1. Yes, I learned the topic well. Take the blue card.

2. I sometimes make mistakes, take a yellow card.

3. Who is not entirely confident in their abilities, take a red card.

Blue Card Missions

Correct the mistakes in the text and come up with your own proposal.

Write down the text and your proposal.

Maros left patterns on the windows. In the rays of the sun, sparkling lanterns lit up on them. A fluffy branch of a Christmas tree with silver sparks of hoarfrost.

Yellow card tasks

Write the nouns in the prepositional case, adding a preposition.

Write the declension in brackets.

Weather, blizzard, sparrow, frost, blizzard, cold, drops, snowdrift, gatehouse.

Red card tasks

Write the endings, indicating the declension in brackets.

In a notebook ... (), at fairs ... (), early morning ... (), in the kitchen ... (), grandmother's apple ... (), cheese for mice ... (), in the cold ... (), beyond the river ... (), on ate ... ().

Findings.

Complete the sentences .

Today in class we learned...

I can commend our group for...

This knowledge will help us...

Homework : exercise of choice.

Open lesson in 3rd grade

SUBJECT: Unstressed vowels in the endings of first declension nouns.

Target: Development of the spelling skill of case endings of nouns of the 1st declension.

Tasks:

develop spelling vigilance of students, the ability to recognize declension and cases of nouns and act according to the algorithm for writing unstressed case endings of nouns of the 1st declension;
to form educational and cognitive motivation;

Equipment:

1. Presentation - slides;

2. Didactic material to the lesson:

3. Cards with tasks;

4.Colored signal cards

During the classes

Organizing time.

The bell rang for us

I start the lesson.
We have guests today...

You turn to them now
Smile, make friends.
We will respond actively

To behave,
So that dear guests,

They wanted to come back.

Smile at each other. Get ready for work. March 1st is the first day of spring. Nature smiles at us too. (Slide 2)

Let's start our Russian lesson.

Today each of you will draw (compose) your own sun. After eachstage of the lesson, you will attach a ray to the sun.

Greeting students at the beginning of the lesson. Students take turns touching their neighbor's fingers.

Wish (thumb)

success (indicative)

large (medium)

in everything (unnamed)

and everywhere (little fingers).

To make it easy to write

You have to stretch your fingers.

There is a lock on the door (hands in the lock)
Who could open it? (pull fingers without opening)
Pulled, (pulled)
Twisted, (rotate hands)
Knocked (knocking with the base of the palms)
And - opened! (hands open)

- Look at your workplace and quietly sit down those who have everything ready for the beginning of the lesson. How do we usually start our lesson?

From creating a good mood, as a guarantee of successful work.

Teacher

For the work to be successful

First, let's write the letter slowly.

Look at the slide.

E O I M O U

(Slide 3)

Find a letter that is different from the others.

Give her a description. What sound does it represent?

Write a whole line in lowercase and capital letter M.

Up and down the feather runs,

Drawing the letter M

Like going down the subway

And then it goes up.

II. Warm-up - brainstorm. Vocabulary and spelling work. Slide 4.

Teacher.

Read the words written on the board.

n * walker, bee * la, s * tank, tr * kick, k * nura, beehive, transport

What task can you suggest for this post?

Students:

Insert the missing letters into the words, divide them into groups according to different criteria.

Teacher.

What is the spelling of missing letters in words?

Teacher.

Explain the spelling of the unstressed vowels being checked.

Teacher.

Is there a way to remember the spelling of an unchecked unstressed vowel about in the words dog and kennel? slide 5

Students:

Yes, you can by association. The entrance to the kennel has the shape of a circle and resembles a letter about , and the dog lives in a kennel and each time gets into it through this entrance. So it's easy to remember. If the children don't say, the teacher says.

Write vocabulary words by filling in the missing letters

kennel dog kennel dog

Put an accent mark. Emphasize the unstressed vowel.

Why do we learn vocabulary words? (To write without errors, to be literate).

Teacher.

What groups would you divide these words into and on what grounds? Justify your answer. Slyle 6.

Students:

words denoting animate and inanimate objects;
words consisting of two and three syllables;

Teacher.

What word can be superfluous and why?

Students:

word beehive, since it begins with a vowel, and the rest of the words with consonants;
The word pedestrian , since it is complex and consists of two roots, while the rest have only one root.

Teacher.

Read the words carefully again. Maybe you will notice something interesting.

Students:

From words it is possible to form logical pairs according to the meaning.

Teacher.

Let's record these pairs and see what we get.

Slide 7

Students:

hive - bee

kennel - dog

footpath - pedestrian

? - transport

And the word transport is left without a pair.

Teacher.

Picking up a couple of words transport using semantic connection, you will learn our new dictionary word. What is this word?

Students:

Road.

Teacher.

- How do you understand the meaning of this word?

Teacher.

What is the road for? Read those lexical meaning on the slide..

slide 8.

d
R
ha

1. Road - mode of action, direction of activity.
Be on the good (right, bad) road. Go your way.
2. Road - travel; stay on the road
Tired from the road. Take food for the road. There were many interesting things along the way. Slept all the way.
3. Road - a place where you need to go and drive.
On the way home.
4. Road - a strip of land intended for movement, a way of communication

Asphalt, highway, dirt road.

slide 9.

Teacher.

Did you know that the origin of this word is still unclear.

Some scientists believe that the word road comes from the common Slavic word road, which in turn is the same root as the words pull and tear . The road could also be called a passage cleared of trees in the forest or a clearing with twisted, uprooted trees. Other scientists argue that in open places, any path or track quickly turned into hollows washed out by the waters - “roads”.

write down the word road a whole line with emphasis and emphasis on a dangerous place.

Fizminutka.

Video - if life is fun

III. Determination of the topic and purpose of the lesson through the creation of a problem situation.

slide 10

Teacher.

I also wrote sentences on the board with our new word.

Punch your way.

What is written here? Explain the meaning.

Slide 11.

Go your way.

Explain the meaning phraseological turnover. Listen to the parable.

Parable.

Each road is given from ... God.

It seemed to one person that there were a lot of trials in his life and his path was too difficult. At night, he had a dream that he came to God and asked for another way for himself. God offered to choose any of the roads. The traveler chose for a long time, but he did not like all the roads. Some were too wide and light, others were narrow and dark like a mountain gorge. Finally, he chose a convenient road, there were obstacles and dark places on it, but it was so good for him to go along it. He said: “Can I have this road?” God replied: “Of course you can, because it is yours.”

What can you say? How should you deal with trials in life?

slide 12.

Read the poem:

Chosen dear to me a

No roads and that mile

I relate to that road e

Be patient and wiser.

That road near the shore I

And I'm proud of that road

And I will say without a doubt:

"On the right road I am.”

Students:

Find an error-prone place when writing.

Today in the lesson we will learn how to write unstressed endings of nouns of the 1st declension without errors.

Let's answer the questions first:

1. What is a noun?

- Noun- a word denoting an object and answering the questions who? what?

2. How do nouns change?

Nouns change by cases and this is called declension.

What nouns are in the first declension?

Feminine and masculine nouns with the endings -а, -я refer tofirst declension. In the process of inclination graduation nouns can beshock or unstressed. If the ending is unstressed, then this is an erroneous place, which means it is a spelling.

Teacher.

What question will be answered during the lesson?

Students:

How to write unstressed case endings for nouns of the first declension. What should be done to determine which letter to write in weak position at the end of a noun.

IV. Posting new material. Work in research groups.

Teacher.

How to determine which ending to write?

Let's think logically. How do we check for unstressed vowels in the root of a word?

Students:

We select a test word in which the unstressed will become stressed.

So, how can you check unstressed case endings by analogy?

Students:

It may also be an accent.

Teacher.

Endings of first declension nouns

It is difficult to write without an accent.

To avoid making mistakes,

The magic words must be known.

slide 13.

The snowball has melted

The earth is visible

Which means soon

Spring will come.

What nouns of the 1st declension do you see? What can be said about the vowels in the endings?

slide 14.

These are the magic words - helpers.

Teacher.

Remember these magic helper words and you can use them in your work to check unstressed endings if you suddenly forgot the rule or you need to check the completed task.

And now let's return to our sentences and, using the algorithm, we will determine unstressed case endings for a noun of the first declension road .

slide 15.

I.P. road

R.P. roads and

D.P. expensive e

V.P. roads near

T.P. expensive

P.P. expensive e

Notebook entry.

Dynamic pause. Relaxation exercises.

We read, we wrote
And a little tired.
The arms are folded
The legs are straightened.
Movements are cancelled.
Relaxation comes..

We look at the road and remember the best moments of our life connected with the road.

slide 16.

V. Consolidation of the studied material

The game "Hit the word - the ball in the right goal". Balls with the letter e and and draw and cut out.

E I

On the poster:

I walk along the roads...

Think about roads...

There are no roads...

I'm on the road...

I invite to the board guys who have difficulty writing unstressed endings of nouns,in order to form positive attitude to learning and reducing the level of situational anxiety of the student, to create a situation of success) and the possibility of correcting their mistakes.

At this time, students high level work with cards. Or according to the textbook ....

Card :

Put the nouns in correct case and identify their unstressed case endings. Justify your choice by making the necessary markup(designation over the noun of gender, declension, case and highlighting the ending).

Settled in (thicket), darted along (birch), stomped around (path), smell (dirt), sat on (bird cherry), carried it out into (hat), threw it into (river), clung to the throat (dog), rode on (nettle), teeth (vole), live in (village).You're doing fine! You will succeed!

VI. Summary of the lesson. slide 17.

Reflection Slide 18.

Show us your suns, which rays you got more. Well done!!

Evaluation of student work. (Cut out beautiful fives and fours in advance). slide 3

E O I M O U

Warm-up - brainstorming bee * la, s * tank, tr * kick, k * nura, hive, transport n * pedestrian,

K O NURA S O TANK

PEDESTRIAN BEE DOG PATH KENNEL HIVE TRANSPORT

beehive - bee kennel - dog path - pedestrian? - transport

LEXICAL MEANING OF THE WORD 1. The road is a way of action, a direction of activity. Be on the good (right, bad) road. Go your way. 2. Road - travel; stay on the road Tired from the road. Take food for the road. There were many interesting things along the way. Slept all the way. 3. Road - a place where you need to go and drive. On the way home. 4. Road - a strip of land intended for movement, a route of communication. Asphalt, highway, dirt road.

Punch your way

Go your own way

Chosen for me is the road and No roads and that mile I treat that road and be more tolerant and wiser. I am dear to the shore, And I am proud of that dear, And I will say without a doubt: "I am not on the right road."

The snowball has melted The earth is visible, which means spring will come soon.

SPRING EARTH Magic words-helpers

Checking magic words(SPRING EARTH) I.P. expensive and R.P. roads and D.P. Dorog e V.P. roads at T.P. dear oh P.P. expensive e

Lesson summary: Two ways to check unstressed ending nouns of the 1st declension: Substitute a word with a stressed ending. (spring, earth). Learn endings.