MISAO - 2017 " Teacher Education teacher (teacher) of fine arts "
MISAO - 2016 "Pedagogical education teacher (teacher) of economics
MSUESI - 2012 Ph.D. (A monograph on the topic of the dissertation was published)
MSUESI (MESI) - 2006 Specialty: "Jurisprudence"
Moscow Banking Institute (MBI) - 2007 Specialty: "Finance and Credit"
2008 Moscow Academy of Entrepreneurship under the Government of Moscow under the program "Organization and conduct of tenders for placing orders for state and municipal needs", etc.
2007 "Moscow Academy of Entrepreneurship under the Government of Moscow under the program "Peculiarities of financial management of the municipality"
2003-2004 "GASIS" State Academy of professional retraining and advanced training of managers and specialists under the program " Accounting and audit"
1995–97 "Moscow financial college Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation" Specialty: "Finance" with a specialization "Taxes and Taxation"

Scientific activity

I have more than 50 publications incl. in publications recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission, Scopus - 2 and Web of Science - 1 of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, 37 publications are posted in the RSCI, 4 published and used in teaching practice textbooks, author's courses have been developed and are being taught, in addition, the arsenal includes the development of 12 methodological manuals for writing course and control activities 37 curricula, 22 FOS, UMK have been released, there is experience in participating in scientific and international and foreign conferences, 4 Monographs have been published, in including 3 foreign ones, general Hirsch - 8, core - 4. New courses have been developed: "Management audit"; "TRIS, RIS, ARIS (theory and methodology for solving non-standard tasks); "Identification of manipulations with financial statements (RAS) during the transition to (IFRS)". In 2017, she entered the TOP-300 best teachers. In the plans: - passing the exam and obtaining International Certificates: DipNRF, DipIfr, PM-standart.

Other achievements of the applicant

2017 - speaker at federal program State Budgetary Institution for Support of Small and Medium Businesses (legal and tax issues);
2017 - Internal grant of the PRUE on the topic "DEVELOPMENT OF A STRATEGY FOR THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF SIMFEROPOL OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA UNTIL 2030 AND A PLAN OF ACTIONS FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION";
2017 - Internal grant of the Russian Economic University on the topic "Development of a mechanism to support agricultural enterprises, including farms, in conditions of financial instability, through the use of innovative financing instruments" from the funds of the FGBOU HE "PRUE named after. G.V. Plekhanov";
2015-2017 Participation in the Unified Training Program for Arbitration Managers: the task is to prepare specialists for work based on the standards of professional activity of anti-crisis managers; Conducting master classes and participation in 2 day program for future applicants at School 1179 "Franchising as a driving force of the economy"; "Accounting as the basis of financial literacy in modern Russia";
2015 Grant from the Savings Bank of the Russian Federation - training of employees of the regions under the program: financial literacy; manipulation of financial statements; assessment of the creditworthiness of borrowers of legal entities;
2014 Participation in the program business administration"Kinder-MBA" under the program " financial literacy» under the auspices of the Financial Academy and Moscow State University.
2011-2013 NPO EAOI, MGUESI participation in the Projects for advanced training under the programs:
- "Specialist in state and municipal management";
- "Master of Public Administration";
- "Crisis management" ;
- “Accounting and audit”.

The textbook was created in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard in the direction of training "Operation of transport and technological machines and complexes", profile "Automobile service" (qualification "Bachelor").
The state and legal framework car service. The reasons for the change in the technical condition of cars, the organization of their Maintenance and repair. The issues of marketing at car service stations, methods of their technological design and organization of logistics are covered. Given guidelines for laboratory work and seminars.
For students of higher education institutions. It can be useful for teachers, as well as road transport specialists.

The concept of car service. Types of services provided.
Market relations, changing forms of ownership, qualitative and quantitative changes the structures of the automobile market and the infrastructure of road transport enterprises (AT), which took place in Russia in the 1990s, provided conditions for the development of the service sector. One of the rapidly developing types of services is a car service.

A fairly powerful AT subsystem has been created and is successfully operating in the country, which includes a wide network of car service enterprises that maintain a multimillion-dollar fleet of cars owned by citizens and small motor transport enterprises (ATPs) in a technically sound and efficient condition.

A car service is a set of enterprises, means, methods and methods of providing paid services for the acquisition, efficient use, maintenance of working capacity, efficiency, road and environmental safety of vehicles throughout their entire service life.

The contractor and consumer of paid services can be legal entities and individuals.
The contractor provides services to legal and individuals- owners of motor vehicles (consumers). The consumer purchases services for the maintenance and repair of vehicles.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword
PART I
SYSTEMS, TECHNOLOGIES AND ORGANIZATION OF SERVICES IN AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE
Chapter 1. Car service - a subsystem of road transport
1.1. The concept of car service. Types of services provided
1.2. The size and structure of the car park
1.3. Characteristics of car service abroad and in Russia
1.4. Ways to improve car service in Russia
Chapter 2. Legal and regulatory framework for the technical service of wheeled vehicles
2.1. Technical service. Basic concepts
2.2. Legal and regulatory framework for car service activities
Chapter 3. Ensuring the operability of vehicles in operation
3.1. Reasons for changing the technical condition
3.2. Classification of types of wear
3.3. The concept and main indicators of reliability
3.4. Methods for ensuring the performance of vehicles in operation
Chapter 4. Production and technical base of car service enterprises
4.1. Characteristics of the production and technical base
4.2. Types of car service enterprises
4.3. Improving the production and technical base of car service enterprises
Chapter 5. Purpose, classification and characteristics of technological equipment for technical service enterprises
5.1. Technical equipment of the PTS and general classification of technological equipment
5.2. Cleaning and washing equipment
5.3. Lifting-inspection and handling equipment
5.4. Lubricating equipment
5.5. Control and diagnostic equipment
5.6. Tire repair equipment
5.7. Equipment and tools for dismantling and assembly and mechanical work
5.8. Body and painting equipment
5.9. Control and measuring equipment and tools
Chapter 6 general characteristics technological influences that ensure the performance of vehicles
6.1. General provisions
6.2. Types of work that make up maintenance and repair
6.3. Cleaning and washing works
6.4. Cleaning and lubrication and filling works
6.5. Dismantling and assembly and fastening works
6.6. Locksmith and mechanical work
6.7. Control-diagnostic and adjustment work
6.8. Thermal works
6.9. Body work
6.10. Painting work
6.11. Battery works
6.12. Tire work
6.13. Technological documentation
Chapter 7. Organization of production activities at car service stations
7.1. Types of production activities
7.2. Organization of car trade
7.3. Organization of the production process of maintenance and repair of vehicles at the service station
7.4. Organization of work at the working posts of maintenance and repair
7.5. Organization of work at production sites
7.6. Operational management of production activities of service stations
7.7. Modern information technologies for managing the work of service stations
Chapter 8
8.1. The role, importance and most important principles of marketing in the field of car services
8.2. Sources of marketing information
8.3. Analysis of the types and consumers of car service services
8.4. Analysis of competition in the field of car services
8.5. Forecasting market capacity and demand for car services
Chapter 9. Provision of car service enterprises with material and technical resources
9.1. Characteristics of material and technical resources
9.2. Spare parts. Basic concepts and definitions
9.3. Determining the need for spare parts
9.4. Logistics methods for organizing the provision of spare parts
9.5. Parts inventory management in spare parts warehouses
9.6. Organization of warehouse management. Accounting for the consumption of spare parts and materials
9.7. Reducing the consumption of material resources
9.8. Ways to improve the logistics of service stations and car owners
Chapter 10
10.1. Design order
10.2. Technological calculation of service stations
10.3. Workshop layout
10.4. Features of the development of projects for the reconstruction and technical re-equipment of service stations
PART II
LABORATORY WORKSHOP
Laboratory work No. 1. Technology for diagnosing cars by traction and economic indicators
Laboratory work No. 2. Diagnosis of the technical condition of automobile engines
Laboratory work No. 3. Obtaining and using information in the complex diagnosis of a car
Laboratory work No. 4. Organization of acceptance of cars at service stations
Laboratory work No. 5. Preparing a technical service enterprise for certification of compliance with the quality of services for maintenance and repair of vehicles
Laboratory work No. 6. Determining the needs of road transport enterprises in spare parts. General provisions
Lab #7: Parts Inventory Management in Spare Parts Warehouses
Laboratory work No. 8. Determination of the standard consumption and the need for fuel and lubricants
Laboratory work No. 9. Development of technological documentation for car maintenance on a production line
Laboratory work No. 10. Diagnosis of components, assemblies, mechanisms and systems of a car that ensure traffic safety
Laboratory work No. 11. Metrological support of control and diagnostic equipment
Laboratory work No. 12. Monitoring the environmental safety of cars
Legislative and regulatory materials
Bibliography.

Free download e-book in a convenient format, watch and read:
- fileskachat.com, fast and free download.

Download pdf
Below you can buy this book at the best discounted price with delivery throughout Russia. Buy this book


Download the book Systems, technologies and organization of services in the automotive service, Rementsov A.N., Frolov Yu.N., Voronov V.P., 2013 - pdf - depositfiles.

Download the book Systems, technologies and organization of services in the automotive service, Rementsov A.N., Frolov Yu.N., Voronov V.P., 2013 - pdf - Yandex.Disk.

Training profile: "Vehicle Service"

Over time, the direction of service activity - "Vehicle Service" has become one of the most demanded by the population of the Russian Federation.

Increased relevance of a range of services for:

Sale of vehicles to individuals and legal entities;

Pre-sale preparation of vehicles;

Exchange and redemption of used cars (trade-in);

Retail, wholesale of spare parts and consumables;

Provision of financial services - lending and insurance of vehicles;

Warranty service and repair;

Body repair - restoration of body geometry, paintwork and its protection;

Development of sets of additional equipment to equip vehicles with a standard configuration according to the individual order of the owner;

Formation of tuning programs - interior, exterior, airbrushing, technical tuning.

For very obvious reasons:
sustainable growth in the fleet of vehicles owned by the population and, above all, motor vehicles;
growth in the number of dealer service centers representing the products of world leaders in the automotive industry;
creation of production facilities that increase the production in the Russian Federation of motor vehicles of world brands, in particular, such as Toyota, Ford, KIA Sollers, Nissan, Hyundai, BMW.

It is also important to note that the direction of service activities - "Vehicle Service" is cross-border, requires compliance with international standards and technologies, and a steady global trend to improve the quality of the service sector as a product dictates the requirements for the quality of training a specialist in this area.

A graduate of the department "Auto Service" is receptive to innovations, possesses competencies in the field of information technology, is able to develop and implement modern technologies "Vehicle Service" and adapt imported service technologies to the conditions of the Russian market.

Within the framework of direction 43.03.01 "Service", the Bachelor's educational program is being implemented, Training profile: "Vehicle Service".

Undergraduate:

Forms of study:
- full-time - 4 years (at the expense of the federal budget (budget) and on a contractual basis (commerce))

Awarded qualification - "Bachelor of Service" in the profile: "Vehicle Service"

Main disciplines studied:

1. Introduction to the profession

2. Servisology

3. Service activities

4. Professional ethics and etiquette

5. Information technology in the service

6. Management in the service

7. Marketing in the service

8. Fundamentals of entrepreneurial activity

9. Organization and planning of service enterprises

10. Metrology, standardization and certification

11. Examination and diagnostics of service objects and systems

12. Legal support professional activity

13. Vehicles

14. Additional equipment and tuning of vehicles

15. Designing the process of providing services in a car service

16. Designing services in a car service

17. Technological processes in the service

18. Transport infrastructure

19. Modern materials and design

20. Spatial modeling and computer graphics

21. Organization of a dealer and trade network

22. Technical means of service enterprises

Practices:
- Educational practice on obtaining primary professional skills and abilities

Industrial practice for obtaining professional skills and experience of professional activity

Industrial practice: research work

Production undergraduate practice.

The practice is carried out according to an agreement with potential employers.

Practice locations:
- authorized service centers of official dealers of world famous manufacturers: Toyota, Nissan, Volkswagen, JSC Terra-avto, etc.,
- motor transport companies: NC "Rusmobil", Organizer of transportations "Passazhiravtotrans", "Gorelectrotrans", Transport and logistics company "Business lines", A+S "Transproekt", etc.,
- factories of the automotive cluster of St. Petersburg: Toyota, Nissan, Hyundai.

Final state attestation includes:
State exam (interdisciplinary)
Development and defense of the final qualifying work
(type of final qualifying work - diploma project).

Field of activity of graduates:
Service
Production and technological
Organizational and managerial
Research

Our specialists are in great demand at the leading car service, motor transport and machine assembly enterprises of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region.

Professions that graduates will acquire within the framework of the direction:

Sales department:

Head of Sales Department

Head of Brands

Department Manager

Car Sales Consultant

Administrator

Customer Service Department:

Head of Department

Department Specialist

hostess supervisor

Hostess

Vehicle insurance and credit department:

Head of Department

Deputy Head of Department

Loan expert (car loans)

insurance expert

Logistics Department:

Supervisor

Department Specialist

Service Department:

Senior service consultant

Service Advisor

Repair Zone Master

Master diagnostician

Mechanic diagnostician

Mechanic professional

Mechanic

apprentice mechanic

Warranty Department:

Head of Department

Warranty Engineer

Opportunity for career growth:

Supervisor:

• Service center marketing department
• Customer Service
• Refurbishment workshops
• Service center sales department
• Spare parts sales department
• Department of additional equipment
• Analytical department

Car service manager
- Commercial director of the service center
- Technical director of the service center

Continuing education:

in magistracy in the direction of preparation 43.04.01 - "Service"

Forms of study:
- full-time - 2 years (budget, commerce)
- part-time - 2.5 years (budget, commerce)

Master's programs:
- "Service economy: International markets for services"

Educational trajectory: « Innovative technologies technical systems service"

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

Good work to site">

Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.

Hosted at http://www.allbest.ru/

Vehicle maintenance

Lugansk 2004

Lecture number 1. Introduction

The prospective development of enterprises and organizations of all forms of ownership, peasant and farm enterprises and entrepreneurial enterprises, as well as the population of the country are inextricably linked with the transport complex.

The obtained scientific and technical discoveries led to fundamental changes in the structure of the economy, included new models of machines, equipment, new materials and technologies in the sphere of production and marketing; changed the organization of production, marketing systems; led to accelerated obsolescence of machines and equipment, reduced the time for their replacement. There is a massive entry into the market of fundamentally new types of vehicles and equipment, the fleet of which has already reached millions. High efficiency and serviceability of the fleet of vehicles can be achieved by timely and high-quality performance of work on their diagnosis, maintenance and repair.

Under these conditions, the role and importance of vehicle maintenance has increased, which has become an important area of ​​the service sector. The service that the manufacturing company provides to the client today includes, in addition to maintenance (TO), other types of services. the main task Maintenance consists in ensuring the constant readiness of vehicles (TC) for operation and high efficiency of their use.

The work of the manufacturer on maintenance begins already before the conclusion of the sales contract - at the stage of designing and manufacturing the vehicle, as well as during the period of preparing them for sale, which is called pre-sale technical service. Thus, in the most general view TO is a complex of technical services related to the sale and use of vehicles and ensuring their constant readiness for highly efficient operation.

Two of its important functions follow from the essence of TO: ensuring the optimal and economic use of the purchased vehicles by the buyer, as well as promoting the expansion of their sale.

There is a two-way relationship between the demand for vehicles and the demand for maintenance. Demand technical service is the derivative of the demand for the vehicle. And at the same time, providing service for purchased vehicles expands the demand for them. Efficient technical service enables the buyer to use the vehicle more efficiently and helps increase sales.

In a highly competitive environment, a prerequisite for the successful operation of a manufacturing company is the creation of an extensive and well-organized maintenance network: consulting points, service stations (SRT), spare parts, training centers etc. The TO network must be created by the start of the production firm's work in the relevant market (external or internal).

In the conditions of modern production, important economic indicators of the operation of a transport enterprise largely depend on the level of maintenance of the vehicles that are in operation, since a buyer who does not want or cannot provide maintenance on his own will practically not buy a vehicle until he is sure that he will receive the necessary service.

In a broad sense, the service of the producer company includes most of all operations related to modern system marketing, where TO is part of the entire system of production and marketing of the producer firm. Moreover, since the buyer expects to get the maximum effect from the use of the purchased vehicle, maintenance is an important part of the entire marketing program.

Contemporary development of scientific and technical progress led to the creation of more complex and advanced vehicles, which require improved maintenance and technical assistance to the buyer of these products. Mass mechanization and automation of production processes, an ever-increasing fleet of vehicles require the development and continuous improvement of the maintenance system and the efficient operation of all its subsections.

Today, the maintenance system is decisive factor ensuring high efficiency of the economy, the use of the production potential of the state and the rapid increase in output. Even minor shortcomings in the TO network can cause large losses for a particular region and the entire national economy as a whole.

TO TS is characterized by a significant variety of its organizational forms and methods. But this diversity is based on a number of general principles that have developed in the long-term practice of the work of manufacturing firms. The most important of these principles are:

As a rule, the manufacturer is responsible for the organization of maintenance of the vehicle throughout the entire period of their operation and use.

TO is an important tool in the competition of monopolies for markets and spheres of influence.

The manufacturing company provides maintenance of the vehicle throughout the entire period of their operation (to full depreciation). TS work 5-10 and more years. Throughout this time, the manufacturer provides them with maintenance.

The maintenance system of the vehicle of the manufacturer company includes a range of services: supply of spare parts, provision of technical documentation, repair work, training of specialists, study of the efficiency of the vehicle, substantiation of their advantages and disadvantages, modernization of the vehicles being serviced.

After-sales maintenance of the vehicle is functionally autonomous and organizationally separated from the sales system.

The producer firm organizes maintenance of the vehicle, regardless of its scale and geographical location.

Pre-sale service includes studying the demand for this vehicle, participation of personnel in research and development robots, preparing the vehicle for sale, providing it with a presentation after transportation to its destination, installation and adjustment work, showing the vehicle in action, facilitating the sale of the vehicle.

After-sales service is divided into warranty and post-warranty maintenance of the vehicle. The fundamental difference between them is that during the period of warranty maintenance, all technical assistance in accordance with the instructional materials, under the conditions of following the operating instructions for the vehicle, is carried out by the manufacturer, as a rule, at its own expense, and after the end of the warranty period - at the expense of buyer.

The warranty period is the most important and responsible period in the entire vehicle maintenance system. During this period, the foundation is laid for the correct operation of the vehicle by the buyer's personnel so that throughout the entire period of operation of the vehicle it works reliably, without failures. During the warranty period, the manufacturer provides maintenance of the vehicle in full, starting from unloading at the destination, consultations from the operation of the vehicle.

During the post-warranty period, the manufacturer, on the basis of an agreement with the buyer, conducts scheduled preventive maintenance, performs routine repairs, provides the buyer with spare parts, provides advice from the operation of the vehicle, upgrades the vehicle if necessary, and teaches personnel the rules of maintenance of the vehicle.

Taking into account the above factors, modern TO of the TS is characterized by such forms of organization, according to which it is carried out:

Directly by the manufacturer;

Producer through its affiliates;

By a producer firm through a consortium of firms-suppliers of individual vehicle components;

Producer firm through independent specialized firms on a contractual basis;

Through agents and other intermediaries and concessionaires;

By the firm-buyer of the vehicle with the active assistance and with the help of the producer firm.

In addition to the above basic forms of organization of TO, in practice there are others that are modifications of these forms or combinations of their individual elements. For example, TO can be performed by distributing functions between the manufacturer and the buyer of the vehicle, or the producer and an independent specialized firm, etc. But even in these cases, the producer company bears full responsibility for maintenance, helps intermediary firms or specialized enterprises if they themselves cannot fully provide maintenance of the vehicle.

As a result, it should be noted that the discipline "Maintenance of vehicles" refers to the cycle of fundamental and professionally oriented disciplines in the direction 0902 "Engineering Mechanics".

Subject academic discipline are the basic principles and methods of planning, organizing and carrying out maintenance of vehicles and the use of these principles in practice.

The purpose of the discipline is to prepare specialists for independent implementation professional tasks in the position held in the field of vehicle maintenance, maximum maintenance of their technical readiness and durability while ensuring the required level of efficiency, economy and traffic safety at minimal material and labor costs.

The objectives of the discipline is to form students' knowledge, skills and abilities necessary to solve production tasks TO TS.

As a result of studying the discipline, the student should know:

Patterns of changes in the technical condition of the vehicle, the basics of technology and organization of maintenance and operational repair of the vehicle, the features of the influence of various factors on their performance, the procedure for organizing work to restore performance, the main types of technological and diagnostic equipment, the basics of technical diagnostics, the organization and management of a preventive system Maintenance and preservation of rolling stock.

Should be able to:

Propose, calculate and implement technical ideas aimed at ensuring the operational state of the rolling stock.

Have an idea:

On the prospects for the development of vehicle structures aimed at reducing the labor intensity of maintenance with the prospects for developing the theory of interaction between the vehicle and the environment, reducing it harmful influence to the human environment.

The objects of the professional activity of an engineer in the direction 0902 "Engineering Mechanics" are enterprises and organizations of the transport complex of different forms of ownership, service and repair enterprises, company and dealer centers of transport and repair plants, marketing and forwarding services, a logistics system, wholesale and retail sale of transport equipment, spare parts, components and materials necessary for operation.

Lecture number 2. Fundamentals of Machine Reliability

2.1 Machine quality and reliability

The result of production activity is the creation of material values ​​intended to meet certain needs. The created material values ​​are called products, which can be articles or products.

Products - products industrial enterprise, calculated in pieces or copies. Products include machines, devices, their parts and assembly units.

Products - products calculated in kilograms, liters, meters, etc. Products include metals, petroleum products, paints, etc. According to the method of use, products can be consumed and operated.

The quality of products is one of the most important indicators of the enterprise.

Product quality is a set of properties that determine its suitability to satisfy certain needs in accordance with the purpose; product property -- an objective feature of the product, which manifests itself during its creation and use. From this formulation it follows that not all properties of the product are of equal importance and are included in the concept of "quality". For example, the quality of a car will be determined by tractive effort, specific fuel consumption, operating time before overhaul, etc.

Product quality indicators -- quantitative characteristic product properties, considered in relation to certain conditions of its creation or operation. In other words, quality is made up of properties. Each property is characterized by one or more parameters that can take on various quantitative values ​​during operation, called indicators.

So, one of the parameters of the fuel efficiency of a car (property) is the control fuel consumption, the quantitative value of which for a particular model (indicator) is 7 l / 100 km.

Usually, the technical and operational properties (TPP) of vehicles are considered, the main of which are: weight and dimensions, carrying capacity, capacity, maneuverability, safety, environmental friendliness, fuel efficiency, dynamism (traction and speed), performance, efficiency, reliability, price, etc. .

At the same time, the consumer is primarily interested in two main indicators of TPP: the initial value of the quality indicator and stability during operation, i.e. change in properties depending on the operating time since the beginning of operation.

Stable thermal power plants practically do not change during the entire service life of the product (dimensional and weight indicators, load capacity, capacity, etc.)

Unstable thermal power plants deteriorate during operation and as the vehicle or unit ages (productivity, costs for ensuring operability, intensity of vehicle use, etc.)

The quality of a vehicle is a set of properties that determine its ability to perform its functions in accordance with the requirements. All indicators of car quality are divided into several groups: indicators of purpose, manufacturability, ergonomic, unification and standardization, economic, environmental, aesthetic and patent law.

The relationship between the quality indicators of machines is shown in fig. 1.1.

2.2 Machine quality indicators

To a large extent, the stability of the thermal power plants of cars is determined by their reliability.

The reliability of the vehicle is one of the most important indicators of quality. Reliability is a property of a product that ensures the performance of specified functions while maintaining operational performance for the required period of time or the required operating time.

Operating time - the duration of the product, measured in units of mileage (kilometers), time (hours), the number of cycles. There are operating time from the beginning of the operation of the product, operating time to a certain state (for example, limiting), interval operating time, to the first failure, between failures, etc.

Failure - a violation of the operability of the vehicle (parts, assembly, etc.). Damage is a malfunction.

In accordance with the theory of reliability, a vehicle can be in a state of operability or inoperability, serviceability or malfunction.

Working capacity - the state of the vehicle or assembly units, in which the values ​​of all parameters characterizing the ability to perform predefined functions, comply with regulatory and technical (standards, specifications, etc.) and (or) design documentation (engine power, traction force on the hook, fuel consumption, etc.).

Inoperability - the state of the vehicle, in which the value of at least one specified parameter characterizing the ability to perform specified functions does not meet the requirements of regulatory and technical and (or) design documentation.

Serviceability - the state of the vehicle, in which it meets all the requirements established by the regulatory and technical and (or) design documentation.

A fault is a state of the machine in which it does not meet at least one of these requirements.

The concept of "serviceability" is broader than "operability". A working machine, in contrast to a serviceable one, satisfies only those requirements of normative and technical documentation that ensure its normal functioning when performing the specified functions.

However, the machine may not meet, for example, requirements relating to appearance (defects in the cabin, lining, etc.). Therefore, a working machine may be faulty, but its damage does not prevent normal operation.

Reliability of the vehicle - complex property, which is characterized by reliability, maintainability, durability and persistence. Each of these reliability properties is evaluated by a number of technical and economic indicators, the physical nature and quantity of which depends on the design of the vehicle, manufacturing technology and operating conditions, the quality of maintenance and repair.

To assess the reliability of a vehicle or an assembly unit, single and complex reliability indicators are used.

2.3 Malfunctions and machine failures

The deterioration of the technical condition of machines during operation is a consequence of the occurrence of malfunctions and failures. The moment of failure is always random. By the nature of the process, failures are divided into gradual and sudden.

Gradual failure is characterized by a gradual change in the values ​​of one or more parameters of the technical condition of the machine. The cause may be wear and corrosion of parts, accumulation of fatigue damage, etc. The probability of a gradual failure increases with the increase in the operating hours of the machine.

A sudden failure is characterized by an abrupt change in one or more state parameters of the machine. It is usually caused by an unexpected change in external conditions (overload, foreign objects getting into the working parts of the machine, collisions, etc.). A sudden failure can occur with the same probability, regardless of the operating time of the machine.

Status parameter -- physical quantity characterizing the operability or serviceability of the vehicle and changing during operation.

It is important to establish the type and causes of failures, which can be divided into the following groups: design failures, production and operational failures.

The most common type of failure of parts and their connections (interfaces) is the wear of working surfaces.

Wear is the process of destruction and removal of material from the surface of a solid body and (or) accumulation of residual deformation during friction, which manifests itself in a gradual change in the size and (or) shape of the body.

Wear is the result of wear, which manifests itself in the form of a change in the dimensions and properties of the material of the part.

The main characteristics of the wear process are its speed and intensity, as well as the wear resistance of the material.

The wear rate is the ratio of the wear value to the time interval during which it occurred.

Wear intensity is the ratio of the wear value to the conditional path along which the wear occurred, or the amount of work performed.

Wear resistance - the property of materials to resist wear under certain friction conditions, estimated by the value, the reciprocal of the wear rate or its intensity.

The wear of parts has a decisive influence on the durability and operational reliability of machines. The process of wear of parts of movable interfaces during the period of operation of the machine before its repair can be divided into three characteristic stages (Fig. 1.2): the running-in of parts (running in the vehicle), the period of normal operation and the period of emergency (limiting) wear.

Rice. 1.2. The dynamics of the wear process:

1 -- absolute wear (U); 2 -- wear rate (V)

Knowing the pattern of increasing wear of a part or increasing the gap in the connection of parts, it is possible to determine the limiting and permissible wear of parts or gaps. For example, when measuring the size of a part during repair, its wear will be OP (Fig. 1.2). Having plotted this distance on the ordinate axis, a straight line is drawn from the point P parallel to the abscissa axis until it intersects with the wear curve. From point B1, a perpendicular is lowered to the abscissa axis. If the BV segment is equal to or greater than the overhaul period, then the wear is considered acceptable. Thus, wear is considered acceptable when a part (connection) can operate normally for the entire next overhaul period, i.e. keeps working. With the limit of wear, further normal operation of the connection during the next overhaul period is impossible.

In addition to wear, which manifests itself during friction, machine parts may have other defects: mechanical damage, fatigue, corrosion, electroerosive destruction, deformation, loss of elasticity or magnetization, formation of soot or scale.

In the joints of parts, the most common defect is a violation of the fit due to an increase in the gap or a decrease in interference; in the joints, threaded and riveted joints are weakened. As a result of wear of parts, changes in the alignment of holes in body parts, perpendicularity of surfaces and parallelism of shafts, dimensional chains are violated. This leads to a loss of accuracy of the master link, which causes an increase in load, heating, accelerated wear and destruction of parts.

2.4 Types of friction and wear

Types of friction. The reason for the wear of machine parts is external friction. According to GOST 27674--88, external friction is a phenomenon of resistance to relative movement that occurs between two bodies in the areas of contact of surfaces tangent to them. Friction is accompanied by the transition of the part kinetic energy into warmth.

The wear of parts forming fixed joints depends on the static friction force.

The friction force is the resistance force during the relative movement of one body over the surface of another under the action of an external force directed tangentially to the common boundary between these bodies.

Friction of rest - friction of two bodies at microdisplacements without macrodisplacement (before transition to relative motion).

For parts included in a movable joint, wear will depend on the friction force of the movement.

Friction of motion is the friction of two bodies in motion relative to each other.

According to the nature of the relative motion, the friction of motion is divided into sliding friction and rolling friction.

Sliding friction is kinematic friction, in which the same point of one body comes into contact with the points of another body following one after another.

Rolling friction is kinematic friction, in which each of the points of one body comes into contact with only one of the points of the other body, and the point of their contact is the instantaneous center of rotation (rolling bearings, gear engagement, etc.).

According to the nature of the process, friction is distinguished without lubricant and with lubricant.

Types of wear. The wear of parts is accompanied by complex physical and chemical phenomena. The wear rate depends on the material and quality of the rubbing surfaces, the nature of the contact and the speed of their mutual movement, the type and value of the load, the type of friction and lubrication, the quality of the lubricant, and many other factors. In accordance with GOST 27674--88, the following types of wear are established in the vehicle.

Mechanical wear is wear as a result of mechanical influences. This type of wear is divided into abrasive, hydroabrasive (gas-abrasive), hydroerosive (gas-erosive), cavitation, fatigue, seizing and fretting. In addition, there is wear under the action electric current, mechanical corrosion, oxidative and fretting corrosion

Lecture number 3. Changes in the technical condition of vehicles under operating conditions

3.1 Influence of operating conditions on the durability of machines

During operation and during storage, machines are subjected to various internal and external influences, as a result of which their technical condition changes. As a result, the technical and economic indicators of machines deteriorate: fuel and oil consumption increases, operating speeds and power, tractive effort decrease, and productivity decreases. The main reasons for the decrease in initial characteristics are the violation of the initial adjustments of mechanisms and systems, loosening of fasteners, changes in the properties of materials, gaps and interference in the joints of parts as a result of wear.

External factors that affect the durability of machines include climatic conditions, level of maintenance, repair and storage, qualification of service personnel, etc.

The internal factors that cause a change in the initial characteristics of the machine include the imperfection of the design of the machines (the physical and mechanical properties of the materials used to manufacture parts), the technology of their manufacture or repair.

3.2 Vehicle maintainability

The operational manufacturability of a car is a set of properties of its design that characterize the adaptability to perform all types of maintenance and repair work using the most economical technological processes. The operational manufacturability of a car is determined by design, production and operational factors. Structural and production factors determine the properties of the car design, they are taken into account when creating a car. Operational factors determine the environment in which the properties of the structure are exhibited. They must be taken into account both during the creation and operation of the car.

The design and production factors include: testability, accessibility, ease of removal, interchangeability, unification of units and systems, continuity of maintenance and diagnostic tools.

Testability is an important factor in monitoring the diagnostic parameters of the technical condition of a vehicle, units and systems by various means and methods of technical diagnostics (primarily methods and means of automated and non-destructive testing). It has a decisive influence on the introduction into practice of new, more efficient methods of maintenance and repair of vehicles. Testability is determined by the requirements for ensuring the reliability and safety of the vehicle.

Accessibility to the object of maintenance and repair -- main factor reducing the cost of preventive maintenance and repair of the car. This factor determines the working conditions for maintenance and repair of the car, as well as the suitability of the facility to perform targeted preventive and repair operations with minimal volumes. additional work or without them at all.

Ease of removal means that a product can be replaced with a minimum of time and labor. Ease of removal should not be confused with accessibility, since there are products on the car that are well accessible, but it is difficult to replace them during operation. Ease of removal is determined mainly by the methods of fastening products that are replaced in operation, the design of the connectors, the weight and overall dimensions of the removable elements.

The interchangeability of component parts (parts) means that from a variety of similar products (parts), you can take any one without choice and install it on a car without preparation (technological compensators are allowed). Depending on the amount of preparatory work, the appropriate degree of interchangeability is determined (than more degree interchangeability, the less the amount of preparatory work). Interchangeability plays a big role in reducing the cost of labor, materials and vehicle downtime during maintenance and repair.

The succession of maintenance and diagnostic equipment means the possibility of using existing funds for the maintenance and repair of new car models. This factor has a significant impact on the organization of the workplace and the convenience of its performers, the timing and cost of maintenance and repair.

The unification of vehicle units and systems is an important factor not only in improving its operational manufacturability, but also in increasing the operating efficiency of the entire fleet of vehicles, as it greatly simplifies and reduces the cost of maintenance and repair, reduces the range of spare parts in the ATP warehouses and reduces the number of types of control and diagnostic equipment required. equipment.

A fairly high level of intra-factory unification of the car family (75-90%) with a low level of inter-factory unification of cars (b.ch. 12%) does not allow achieving a high level of technological compatibility of the car fleet, which provides significant savings in material and labor resources in the field of operation. According to NIIAT, increasing the level of technological compatibility of vehicles by 1% due to the unification of the design and the corresponding improvement of technological means of maintenance and repair can reduce total costs by 0.2%

Operational factors include: forms of organization of maintenance and repair, the state of the production and technical base, the qualifications of maintenance and repair performers, the completeness of meeting the requirements in spare parts and materials, the completeness and quality of technical documentation, etc.

3.3 Vehicle failure models

The results of testing cars for reliability allow us to find a mathematical description of the patterns obtained, i.e. derive the appropriate formulas by which you can calculate the reliability indicators.

These formulas are called mathematical models. Since the reliability indicators are random variables, their mathematical models should show how the reliability indicators are distributed depending on the operating time.

Such models are the distribution laws of random variables.

Taking into account the fact that vehicle failures are random in nature, the patterns of failure occurrence can be established on the basis of reliability theory in two ways.

The first method is based on the study physical and chemical properties and parameters of car elements, physical and chemical processes occurring in them, physical nature and failure mechanism. Wherein current states elements and systems are described by equations reflecting physical laws.

The second method involves the study of statistical probabilistic patterns of occurrence of failures of many similar car models.

In this case, failures are considered as some abstract random events, and the manifold physical states elements of the car are reduced to two states - serviceability and malfunction (full and partial), which are described by reliability functions. Since the first method has not yet been studied enough, let us consider the second one, which establishes the patterns of occurrence of vehicle failures.

Rice. 2.3. Changing the load of car parts when it is moving

car repair transport service

Sudden failures. The change in the load (voltage) of individual parts of the car during operation has a "peak" character (Fig. 2.3). If we assume that the failure of a car element occurs when the load S exceeds a certain level, then due to the randomness of the load change, the moment of failure is also random. It is characteristic that the failure occurs regardless of the time the vehicle element has been in operation and the technical condition. An example of the formation of such a failure can serve as a break in the gear teeth of the main gear when driving a car in off-road conditions, a puncture of a car tire. In the first case, the failure may occur due to the "peak" load on the main gear, which exceeds the allowable limits, in the second - due to the ingress of a sharp object. In both examples, the failure does not depend either on the wear of the main gear and tires, or on the technical condition of the car as a whole. For the instantaneous damage scheme, the time between failures follows an exponential distribution (Table 2.2).

With an exponential distribution of time between failures, it makes no sense to resort to preventive work. Indeed, since the failure occurs only as a result of external influence, the preventive work performed cannot affect the cause of the failure.

gradual failures. The scheme under consideration corresponds to a situation where a failure is formed due to the gradual accumulation of damage (gradual aging or wear). For some operating parameters of the car and its elements, allowable limits are pre-set, the exit from which is qualified as a failure. The change in parameters is caused by the aging of the parts, and the time (mileage) until the parameters go beyond the allowable limit is the time (mileage) of no-failure operation. For example, failure of the main leaf of the spring may occur as a result of the gradual accumulation of fatigue damage without the appearance of any external signs.

In the case of gradual aging and wear, the time between failures of vehicle elements in most cases obeys a normal and log-normal distribution. AT individual cases it obeys the gamma distribution. The main data on these distributions are given in Table. 2.2.

Table 2.2

relaxation model. An abrupt change in state that occurs as a result of damage accumulation is called relaxation. The gradual accumulation of damage may not be a direct, but only an indirect cause of failure. An example of such a scheme is the destruction of parts, which arose suddenly due to a sharp deterioration in operating conditions - overloads, large vibrations, extreme temperature conditions, etc.

Failures due to several independent causes. Such failures in the practice of car operation are the most typical. With regard to the tire of a car, it is quite obvious that two causes of failure simultaneously operate: a tire puncture due to the ingress of sharp objects and the gradual wear of the tread. The situation is similar with failures of gears, fasteners and other parts of the car. Their failure is possible as a result of gradual aging or structural imperfection.

It should be remembered that it is not always possible to take into account all the factors affecting the failure. Therefore, the failure occurrence model turns out to be more or less approximate, and the adopted distribution law reflects only some features of the observed phenomenon. This makes it necessary to take into account specific needs problem to be solved in parallel with the physical nature of vehicle failures.

3.4 Failure prevention

Failure prevention is one of the main directions for improving the reliability of vehicles in operation. In our country, a planned preventive maintenance system for cars has been adopted, which meets the principles of planned production.

Despite the rather wide distribution of this system, in our country and, especially, abroad, there are still serious differences of opinion not only on the planning and implementation of preventive measures, but also on the advisability of their implementation in general.

The classification of failures in the operation of machines, depending on the nature of their occurrence, is of paramount importance when considering the issue of the effectiveness of a planned preventive system. On this basis, sudden and gradual failures are distinguished. Unlike sudden, gradual failures can be prevented by periodically performing a technical inspection of the machine, timely changing parts that are close to failure, or performing fixing, adjusting, lubricating and other maintenance work.

Therefore, it is impossible to speak about the effectiveness of the preventive planning system in general. The only criterion that allows you to judge the advisability of preventive maintenance or maintenance in relation to a particular model of the machine is specific gravity gradual component in the general flow of failures during its operation.

3.5 Determining the frequency of vehicle maintenance

General provisions. The most important condition for maintaining a given level of reliability of cars in operating conditions is the appointment of optimal modes for their maintenance: frequency, list and complexity of operations or type of service.

The optimal mode should be understood as such a mode that ensures the reliable operation of the vehicle and its elements at the minimum cost of maintenance and repairs.

The structure of preventive work includes control and diagnostic, fixing, adjusting, electrical, lubrication and other works. Control and diagnostic work is carried out without fail after a certain mileage, and all the rest - after control and diagnostic work (as needed). Thus, the frequency of car maintenance, which is the main issue in substantiating prevention regimes, is determined by the frequency of control and diagnostic work.

The problem of the frequency of control and diagnostic work cannot be solved in isolation from the reliability of individual components and assemblies of the vehicle under specific operating conditions due to the random nature of its failures.

During the operation of the car, three characteristic periods are observed: running-in, normal operation, intensive wear, which can be approximately found by the pattern of changes in the failure rate parameter (Fig. 2.6). At the run-in stage, failures occur due to technological and design flaws. The normal operation period is the longest and is characterized mainly by sudden failures. The period of intensive wear is characterized by failures caused by the wear of car parts. In addition to the duration and causes of failures, these periods are also characterized by different values ​​of the failure flow parameter, which has the largest and uneven value during the period of intense wear. It should also be noted that the reliability of various vehicle units is not the same. Thus, the frequency of vehicle maintenance should be determined unit by unit and separately for each period of its operation.

3.6 Determination of the optimal exchange fund

The theory of machine reliability makes it possible to determine the optimal exchange fund of aggregates, mechanisms, assemblies and spare parts of automobiles. As an example, consider one of the existing methods.

The criterion for determining the exchange fund can be the minimum downtime of vehicles due to the lack of a unit at a given operating cost.

In this case, the following operational reliability characteristics are used: the failure flow parameter and the recovery flow parameter. The choice of these parameters is explained by the fact that they cover a large number of design-technological and operational factors that determine the reliability of vehicles under given operating conditions.

The required exchange fund must be determined taking into account age composition cars for each company separately, since the size of the fund depends on many individual factors. Throughout the year of work, ATP can be taken constant, although in the autumn-winter period, there is some increase in it. Optimal size exchange fund by nomenclature

where N is the number of cars of the same type in the enterprise; n - the number of identical elements of the exchange fund located on the car; -- failure flow parameter; -- recovery stream parameter.

Lecture number 4. Types of enterprises by production functions

Road transport enterprises for production functions are divided into motor transport, car service and car repair.

Motor transport enterprises are divided into open joint stock companies (ATP OJSC) and closed joint stock companies (ATP CJSC). OJSC and CJSC ATP have an independent balance sheet, endowed with broad guaranteed powers and at the same time are responsible for the results of economic and scientific and production activities, for the observance of state interests. Their main task is the comprehensive satisfaction of the needs of the national economy and citizens in transportation with high level quality at minimum cost.

OJSC and CJSC ATP have the authority to sell, lease, exchange, provide temporary use of vehicles and equipment to other enterprises, write them off the balance sheet, as well as from other activities.

Auto service enterprises that perform production functions with maintenance and repair of automotive equipment can temporarily store cars, fill them with auto-exploitation materials. Depending on the purpose, car service enterprises are divided into production and technical plants (PTK), car service enterprises, specialized car centers (SAC), centralized maintenance bases (BTsTO), service stations (SRT), parking lots and gas stations (gas stations).

Auto repair enterprises are specialized enterprises that carry out the repair (restoration) of automotive equipment. At car repair enterprises, conditions have been created for performing labor-intensive repairs (mainly KR) of automotive equipment.

test questions

1. What types of enterprises operate in transport?

2. What is the procedure for registering enterprises?

3. What is the procedure for registering an entrepreneur (without creating a legal entity)?

4. What is the procedure for issuing constituent documents?

5. How to open a bank account?

6. What is a business activity license?

7. What types of road transport enterprises are divided into?

8. How are car service enterprises divided depending on their purpose?

Lecture number 5. Ensuring the reliability of vehicles under operating conditions

5.1 The system of maintenance and repair of rolling stock and its place in the overall road transport system

Road transport is complex system, minimum organizational structural unit which is an operational motor transport enterprise, considered in cooperation with specialized car service and car repair enterprises. The study of the efficiency of the operation of all motor vehicles can be simplified, limited to the study of the properties of an operating enterprise with a car service and car repair enterprises as the simplest automobile transport system.

The automobile transport system can be divided into functional independent systems: commercial operation of automobiles; technical operation of vehicles; Maintenance and repair of vehicles. Each of these systems has its own process of functioning. The relationship of these processes is determined by a common goal and the presence of one object of operation - a car, which is considered in each functional system from its own side. Management of systems functioning processes is carried out by appropriate strategies: commercial operation, technical operation and maintenance and repair.

The operation strategy is a set of rules that provide the specified control of the corresponding operation process. Commercial operation governs the use of vehicles for their intended purpose. All strategies are closely related to it.

Thus, the automobile transport system has the features inherent in complex technical systems: the presence of a single goal, controllability, interconnection of elements, hierarchical structure.

The system of technical operation of vehicles includes subsystems: organizations traffic, driving a car, organizing the storage of serviceable cars and providing technical assistance to cars on the line. This means that the system of technical operation of cars is a set of cars, means of organizing traffic, drivers, regulations and norms that determine the choice and maintenance of the most favorable modes of operation of car units, as well as maintaining and restoring the lost performance of cars in the process of performing transport work.

In accordance with GOST 18322--78, the maintenance and repair system for rolling stock of road transport includes a set of interrelated tools, maintenance and repair documentation, and performers necessary to maintain and restore the quality of products included in this system.

Maintenance is a set of operations (or operation) to maintain the operability (or serviceability) of the rolling stock when used for its intended purpose, waiting, storing and transporting.

Repair - a set of operations to restore the serviceability or performance of the rolling stock and restore the resources of the rolling stock or its components.

Between these two groups, there may be different relationships depending on the accepted criterion of optimality and the method of work. However, in any case, the main requirement for the maintenance and repair of vehicles is to ensure the highest probability that the task can be completed on the vehicle at the right time with limited labor and funds.

When forming the system of maintenance and repair of rolling stock, the main attention is paid to the modes of maintenance and repair (number of types of maintenance, frequency, list and labor intensity of the work performed). At the same time, they are guided by the following: the number of types of maintenance should be minimal, the highest service numbers should include the range of work of the lower ones, unnecessary disassembly and adjustment of mating pairs should be avoided, and the possibility of mechanization and automation of preventive maintenance should be provided.

Maintenance modes are developed for several typical vehicle operating conditions. They are checked in specific operating conditions according to criteria that make it possible to establish the compliance of the selected maintenance modes with the really necessary ones. The main evaluation criteria are the operational reliability, the complexity of maintenance and repair, the cost of performing maintenance and repair per 1000 km of run, and the efficiency of maintenance.

The operational reliability of cars is determined by the average value of the coefficient of technical readiness, the complexity of maintenance and TR is determined by chronometric observations, and the costs are determined by experimental data in real operating conditions of cars.

The efficiency of vehicle maintenance is estimated by the ratio of the number of failures nto, identified in the process of prevention, to the number of all registered failures during the operation of the vehicle:

= nto/(nto + n),

where n is the number of failures occurring between successive TRs.

In road transport, a preventive maintenance and repair system for rolling stock has been adopted. Its fundamental foundations are established by the current Regulations on maintenance and repair of the rolling stock of road transport.

In accordance with the Charter of Road Transport, the Regulation is mandatory for all organizations and enterprises of road transport, for organizations and enterprises of the automotive and related industries in terms of ensuring established standards and interacting with operating and repair organizations and enterprises of road transport.

The first part of the Regulation defines the system of maintenance and repair of rolling stock and the technical policy in road transport. The second part contains standards for car models. It is developed as separate applications as vehicle design, operating conditions and other factors change.

The annex to the Regulations contains: the main comprehensive indicators of ensuring the operability of the state of the rolling stock; a list of units, assemblies and parts, the technical condition of which ensures traffic safety, economical fuel consumption and protection environment during the operation of road transport; maintenance and repair standards for rolling stock manufactured before 1972; typical chemmotological map taking into account GOST 25549--82; distribution of rolling stock by technologically compatible groups during maintenance and repair; zoning of the territory of the USSR according to natural and climatic conditions, taking into account GOST 16350--80; requirements for equipment for checking the technical condition of components and systems that ensure the safety of the movement of vehicles, etc.

Maintenance involves maintaining the rolling stock in working condition and proper appearance; ensuring the reliability and efficiency of work, traffic safety, environmental protection; reducing the intensity of deterioration of the parameters of the technical condition; prevention of failures and malfunctions, as well as their detection in order to eliminate them in a timely manner. This is preventive measure, which is carried out in a planned manner after certain runs or hours of operation of the rolling stock, as a rule, without disassembling and removing units, assemblies and parts from the vehicle. If during maintenance it is impossible to determine the technical condition of individual components, then they should be removed from the vehicle for control on special instruments or stands.

Repairs are carried out both on demand (after the occurrence of a corresponding failure or malfunction, forcibly), and according to a plan (after a certain mileage or operating time of the rolling stock). Repair work performed according to the plan is preventive and is called preventive maintenance.

The purpose of preventive and repair actions is to ensure the good condition of automotive equipment. However, ceteris paribus, the most important factor that determines the level of total material and labor costs for maintaining vehicles in good condition is the ratio of preventive and repair actions.

The determination of the technical condition of the rolling stock, its units and components without disassembly is carried out using control (diagnosing), which is a technological element of maintenance and repair.

The purpose of monitoring (diagnosing) during maintenance is to determine the actual need to perform the operations provided for by the Regulations, and to predict the moment a malfunction occurs by comparing the actual values ​​of the parameters with the limit values, as well as to assess the quality of the work.

The purpose of control (diagnosing) during repair is to identify a malfunctioning condition, its causes and establish the most effective way to eliminate it: on the spot, with the removal of the unit (assembly, part), with complete or partial disassembly and final quality control of the work.

Normative and technical documentation for maintenance and repair includes: principles, definitions, recommendations, standards and methods for their correction, taking into account operating conditions, technology.

Maintenance and repair means include: production and technical base (buildings, structures, equipment) located in motor transport and specialized enterprises for maintenance and repair of rolling stock; logistics (taking into account the design of the rolling stock, mileage since the start of operation, intensity and operating conditions).

The nomenclature of professions for personnel ensuring the good condition of the rolling stock includes workers of various specialties, technicians and engineers. The Regulation discloses the content of the constituent elements of maintenance and repair, defines the types of maintenance and repair.

5.2 Types of maintenance and their technical and economic characteristics

Maintenance of rolling stock according to the frequency, list and labor intensity of the work performed is divided into daily maintenance (EO), first maintenance (TO-1), second maintenance (TO-2) and seasonal maintenance (SO). By agreement with the lead developer, a reasonable change in the number of maintenance types is allowed when the design of vehicles and operating conditions change.

5.3 Types of car repair and their technical and economic characteristics

...

Similar Documents

Organization and structure of maintenance, diagnostics, repair areas and, in general, the entire motor transport enterprise. Technological equipment used in maintenance and repair. Planning for the technical condition of vehicles.

practice report, added 03/07/2010


Principles of organization of production, the frequency of maintenance at motor transport enterprises. The complexity of maintenance and current repair of trucks. Technological map of maintenance of the GAZ-53 car.

term paper, added 05/17/2010


Characteristics of maintenance and repair of automobiles, construction and road machines. Description of automobiles and road machines working on the site. The essence of a preventive system for improving the performance of units, assemblies and systems.

term paper, added 03/19/2010


Characteristics of enterprises engaged in the repair and maintenance of vehicles. Composition of the fleet of vehicles, mode of operation. Features of the calculation of the annual program of maintenance and repair of vehicles. Maintenance and repair planning.

term paper, added 01/31/2013


General requirements to the organization of a car service station. Working areas of service stations, body and paint shops, utility rooms, washing. Vehicle maintenance and repair system. Equipment for diagnostics and repair area.

thesis, added 11/26/2014


Structural scheme technical service. Characteristics of cars serviced at service stations. Organization of technical control of cars. Implementation of advanced technologies and rationalization proposals at service stations. Work in the maintenance area.

practice report, added 12/13/2012


Development of an annual maintenance and repair plan for the machine and tractor fleet. Calculation of the labor intensity of maintenance and repair. Organization of maintenance of tractors. Organization of storage of machinery and equipment.

term paper, added 06/13/2010


Quality, technical condition and performance of vehicles. Basic principles of the maintenance and repair system. The car as an object of labor. Methods for calculating production and storage areas. Regulation of maintenance and repair of vehicles.

abstract, added 12/17/2010


The choice of basic standards for vehicle mileage, the complexity of maintenance and repair. Rolling stock downtime. The number of production jobs and working personnel. Complex of maintenance and diagnostics.

term paper, added 06/11/2013


Organization and technology of car repair. Description technological process site. The work of production and auxiliary sections and the department of the chief mechanic (OGM). Technology for current and major repairs, maintenance.