How to develop an iron character. How to educate a man in yourself? Develop your positive qualities

MENSBY

4.8

Dreams and real success are reached by those who have enough firmness in character, and weaklings remain on the sidelines. Only a firm and strong character helps to achieve your goals in life. How to develop a stronger character and strong moral discipline?

character, from Greek word"χαρακτήρα", was originally a term that denoted the signs imprinted on coins. Nowadays, character refers to the set of all qualities, such as courage, truthfulness, devotion and directness, that a person possesses. Character is perhaps the most important thing a person can have, as it defines the very essence of people. To develop a more solid character means to make yourself a more productive person within a certain area of interest or a certain profession. This article is a collection of tips on how to develop a stronger character and strong moral discipline.

1. Know what makes character strong. The strength of character is made up of qualities that allow you to control your instincts and desires, master yourself and have the ability to keep yourself from the many temptations that you constantly meet in Everyday life. Moreover, strength of character is freedom from prejudices and stereotypes, and includes the ability to show and feel tolerance, love and respect for other people. .

2. Understand why a strong character is important to you and especially to those around you:

Toughness of character allows you to freely pursue your goals and at the same time builds your resilience to failure. She helps you achieve your goals.
Having a strong personality allows you to analyze and investigate the reasons for failures, instead of just complaining about them, as other people do.
A strong character gives you the courage to admit your shortcomings, frivolity and weaknesses.
It allows you to withstand any changes in the situation and continue to move forward, regardless of the obstacles.

3. Empathize. Most important step in developing a strong character is to learn to empathize with other people, especially those who are weaker than you, and to love other people as you love yourself. This skill can cost you dearly, as you will have to carefully examine your motives in order to be able to empathize unselfishly. Empathy differs from empathy in that empathy requires your direct involvement in other people's lives (get into the person's life and help them clear the way), while empathy involves an emotional but passive response without active participation and self-giving.

4. Seek the truth. Prefer reason over ordinary emotion. A person with a strong character explores all the facts with his head and does not give in to prejudices and emotions. Solve most questions only by reasoning and avoid the chaos of your sensations, realizing that despite the fact that "tastes do not argue", reason must always win with the help of factual evidence and arguments.

5. Don't be a pessimist or an optimist; be a leader. The pessimist complains about the wind, the optimist expects the end of the storm, and the leader adjusts the sails and prepares them for any weather.

6. Beware of irrational impulses. Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas believed that there are seven human feelings: love and hate, desire and fear, happiness and sadness, and anger. While not bad on their own, these emotions often overwhelm our intelligence and cause us to indulge in the wrong things: overeat, be irrationally afraid of something, or let sadness or anger consume us. In fact, the answer to any question can only be found in the rationality of decisions and in the practice of good habits aimed at releasing emotions. Excessive and sensual appetites are a sign of a weak character, while the ability to withhold (suspend) reward and practice self-control indicate strength of character.

7. Be happy with what you have (don't imitate anyone). Appreciate your own worth. The notion that the grass is always greener somewhere else will ensure you a miserable life; remember that this is only a projection of your ideas about how other people live. Better to focus on how you live.

8. Dare to take (considered) risks. If you avoid battles, you deprive yourself of both victory and all the blessings that come with it. Do not be cowardly, aloof, and do not walk away from your duties, but be bold to make your contribution to the advancement of mankind.

9. Reject any outside advice that contradicts what you have decided for yourself. Each person is driven by their own interests, whether subconsciously or consciously. Do not force anyone to do what you want, but do not allow others to impose their opinion on you. Understand and accept the fact that different people will offer you different solutions the same question, and that you can't please everyone. Find the right way and walk along it without turning either to the right or to the left. Manage yourself and never deviate from the right path.

10. Learn to do good and shun/avoid evil. Seek peace and strive for it sincerely. Pursue not personal goals that trample on the needs of others, but noble and worthy motives that will benefit the whole society. If you pursue your personal goals, you will get into conflicts with other people and, in the end, you will definitely fail. If you work for the common good, it will benefit everyone, and you will be able to satisfy your personal goals at the same time.

11. Learn to own your emotions. Don't let anything but common sense influence your daily decisions and actions. It can often be difficult, sometimes almost impossible, for you not to give in to emotions, but you can learn to suppress them with manifestations and transcend them, relying on prudence and common sense.

12. Be neither extravagant nor stingy, but find a middle ground. The ability to find the golden mean is a sign strong character that can withstand extremes.

13. Always stay calm. Tranquility is a state that allows you to concentrate and redistribute your diverging thoughts and meditate to your advantage. Thinking leads to ideas, ideas lead to opportunities, opportunities lead to success. Calmness is the sine qua non of a strong character. Without peace, there is no willpower. Without peace, desires can ignite very quickly, turning into an invincible passion and hindering sound thinking. Calmness is not the enemy of emotions, but a regulating force that allows their correct expression.

14. Focus on the positive things in life and don't waste time on the negative things. Once a doctor, to whom a young girl came, complaining of various diseases and praying for a cure, said to her: "Do not think about them; this is the most effective of all medicines." Physical and mental pain can be eased by a single effort of the will, directing thoughts into other channels, or intensified by continuing to think about it.

15. Resist fatalism. Each person is fully responsible for their own development and destiny. If you embrace fatalism, that is, if you believe that fate is somehow predetermined and unchanging, you will discourage yourself from any attempt to improve your life and your character. Fate is blind and deaf; she will never hear or see us. Better remember that correcting mistakes and changing your own destiny in better side are sure steps towards developing a strong character and improving your life in general. Pursue your own happiness; don't wait for something or someone to bring it to you because it won't happen if you don't persevere.

16. Have patience - to enthusiastically set, pursue and achieve your goals, whether they are short-term or long-term: that is, to make progress (success). Success is progress, not the final destination. A person with a strong character will not give up when he meets obstacles on his way, but will be persistent to the very end and will overcome all obstacles. Learn to suspend the rewards of life, learn to wait as you progress, and understand that time can be your friend, that it can be used to learn and grow. Also know what battles you should get involved in, and when it is better to retreat; sometimes retreat means accepting the gift of life rather than clinging to a sinking ship.

17. Conquer all fears. Indecision is a serious obstacle to success. Do not allow prejudices based on superficial observations into your life, but accept facts that are based solely on common sense. Don't lay your foundation on sand, but rather build on solid rock. By overcoming fear, you will gain the strength of character that will allow you to think, make decisions, and act like a true winner.

18. Just as a gardener must clear the ground of weeds in order to allow his garden to grow, so you must eradicate all weak thoughts that, like weeds, undermine your strength. Beware of over-emotionalism and give emotions only their true significance. When you notice that some overwhelming emotion is tormenting you, immediately occupy yourself with something for fifteen minutes, preferably an hour. Many great wars lost their lives because they reacted too boldly to offenses and went into battle too early against their offenders, without proper training, acting with extreme temper and thoughtlessness. Learn to overcome such weaknesses over time, remembering that anger is a common vice among people with weak character.

19. Practice calmness, prudence, discernment and prudence in business. Develop logical thinking and use it in your work.

20. Be truthful in everything and in all aspects of life. If you are not truthful, you lie, first of all, to yourself, and this will certainly affect your character.

21. And finally, be the best wherever you are, and always try to do everything as best as possible. Work hard and avoid idleness like the plague. At the same time, learn to appreciate good vacation for its ability to restore your strength and inspire you to return to your good deeds every time.

Adviсe

Be disciplined and control yourself. Run away from bad impulses (including habits and actions that you later regret) and compulsive behaviors that become habits and distort character.

Be a man of your word and avoid the temptation to lie; honesty maintains a strong character. Also learn to make decisions without fear.

Be happy. Happiness is health. Happiness gives you the strength to overcome the monotony and get rid of boredom in life. It allows you to make the best of every situation. Happiness is a state of mind. It has been observed that poor people smile much more often than Wall Street rich people.

Fulfill physical exercise to develop resilience. Mind and body are interconnected. Train your physical stamina to strengthen your mental stamina.

Be good friend. Dedicate yourself to your friends and be prepared to make sacrifices for them. Never hold a grudge or pay attention to petty incidents. Live in harmony with other people. Do not be selfish: always take into account the interests of other people.

To begin to cultivate character in yourself, you first need to understand what it is. Once this term referred to the minting of coins, and in modern world means nothing more than the sum personal qualities person. These include such characteristics as honesty, courage, friendliness, openness, patience, cunning. They are both positive and negative. The set of these qualities determines the essence of a person, his personality, what he is. How to develop will and character?

What is the basis of a person's character?

You should start with what basic characteristics in humans are laid down at the genetic level. The next step is raising a child. But you should not adhere to the opinion and say: “What has grown, has grown”, any qualities can be quite consciously instilled. Or even vice versa, get rid of the shortcomings that interfere with life. Here self-education, tempering of character, education of willpower come into play. Even the most modest and insecure people can become strong personalities, cultivate in itself will and purposefulness. There are many ways to develop character.

Where to start?

To begin to educate everything in yourself necessary qualities and to figure out what your strength is, you need to determine what this very strength of character consists of. First of all, these are the factors that enable a person to control himself, his instincts, emotions, resist temptations by virtue of his convictions. It is worth noting that the strength of character is freedom from prejudice, tolerance, respect for others, and so on. Before you start developing a strong character, you need to answer two basic questions: why do you need it, and what is the importance of character strength for you. Character building activities are based on the following principles.

What should be taken into account?

To begin building character, you need to understand the following:

Willpower and character will give you the opportunity to achieve all your goals, help you overcome obstacles on the way, take failures lightly and move forward. Ultimately, you can achieve whatever you want.
You no longer want to whine and complain about and without it, as many do. A strong character will allow you to analyze your condition, mood and eliminate the causes as soon as possible.
You will work more productively, as strength of character is the courage to recognize first of all own mistakes, analyze weaknesses and build a new strong-willed personality.
Another important quality of life is the ability to keep a sober mind when circumstances turn against us. You will be able to swim against the current and move on no matter what. That's what all the great people did.

Once you decide which of these characteristics are paramount, it will be easier to begin the process of self-education. Step by step, brick by brick. Now you have to painstaking work above and there will be no going back.

Learn to empathize with others

Such qualities as empathy, the ability to love the people around no less than yourself, help to feel, first of all, harmony with oneself. Especially these qualities should be manifested in relation to the weaker ones. But do not confuse empathy with sympathy. The bottom line is that the first option is characterized by participation in the fate of a person, help not in word, but in deed. Whereas empathy is a passive response that involves emotional comfort. As psychologists say, by helping others, you yourself will grow and develop as a person. The developmental and nurturing nature of learning is the foundation of empathy.

Know how to resist fleeting impulses

This includes such banal things as cravings for sweets, constantly postponing for tomorrow, and so on. Even Aristotle wrote that the following fundamental qualities are inherent in every person: love, hatred, desire, fear, joy, sadness, anger. In fact, each of these qualities is normal for a person. But everything is not so simple here, there is a certain amount of deceit here, because they can be even higher than our mind. And then we, such smart and highly intelligent individuals, begin to eat everything indiscriminately, make unnecessary purchases, give free rein to fleeting anger, emotional impulses. We are all human and each of us has our weaknesses and passions. And only by cultivating character and tempering willpower can you stop being a slave to your habits. Indulging fleeting desires is a sign of weakness, and only the ability to restrain whims and passions is already a sign of willpower and character. This is the only way to develop character.

Apperciate things which you have

If we constantly think that somewhere the sun is brighter, the grass is greener and everyone around lives better, happier and richer, we can simply not notice how we will cease to be pleased with what is around. Remember that each person has their own problems and these are just your assumptions about how great others are living. Do not look at others, focus only on yourself, look only for the good around. Perhaps this is where character development should begin.

Control your feelings and emotions

Only common sense and rationality can and should guide you in your daily life. Only a person with a strong character can look at everything that happens only from the position of reasonable perception, with a rational attitude to every little thing, and not through the filter of his emotions. Cultivate the ability to leave emotions in the background and control the chaos of sensations that arise. At first, it will be very difficult, and even sometimes it will seem impossible, but even this can be learned to control, to suppress. Restraint and common sense are the basis of willpower.

Leadership skills

Pessimists rarely achieve something truly great. But it's not enough to just be an optimist. As they say, a pessimist will whine about the wind, optimists will wait for it and only the leader will do everything possible to set sails and be ready for any weather conditions. They say that a leader is born, but psychologists say that this is not so. You can develop a character that suits your lifestyle and your goals.

Go ahead no matter what

Absolutely any person always thinks about their interests in the first place. This can happen both at an unconscious level and completely consciously. Don't let anyone force your opinion on you, and don't do it yourself. Each person deserves to live his life the way he wants, and not the dictates of other people. Just accept for yourself, as a basis, the fact that each person has the right to his own own opinion to your truth. As they say, you are not a million dollars to please everyone and it will never be the case that everyone around will accept your point of view, your opinion. Set the right course for yourself and follow your goals and principles without retreating.

Learn to Avoid Conflict and Do Good

You can live in harmony with yourself only if there is harmony with the world and others. Strive for this with all your thoughts, with your soul. And this can only be achieved by cultivating willpower and character. Going over the heads, plotting and ignoring everyone around is not the best and certainly not the only way get to cherished goal. In search of exclusively personal gain, people often enter into conflicts, make enemies for themselves, which sooner or later turns against a person. Boomerang law, in other words. To satisfy your needs 100%, you need to think about what your actions will entail.

Peace, only peace!

First of all, take care of your inner state, only calmness will give you the opportunity to concentrate and gather your thoughts to the maximum in order to act rationally. And here everything is interconnected - inner silence and contemplation leads to opportunities, which, in turn, make it possible to achieve success. No matter how strange it may seem, calmness is the first condition for raising a strong character. An overabundance of emotions, following fleeting weaknesses is all absence internal state silence. This is such a kind of regulator of strength and will and the ability to cultivate character in oneself.

Only positive and faith in one's own strength, and not in the villainous fate

Good luck and self-confidence will only bring positive emotions, leave all the negative overboard and remember only the good. Even doctors say that the best thing a patient can do for himself during an illness is not to think about his problems, but to enjoy life and believe in the best. No wonder they say that with the help of willpower you can drown out even physical pain, you just need to distract yourself with other things. This applies to every day in life. If you think about the bad all the time, then everyday life will flow so gray and dull. Only with your own hands you can bring color and joy to your every day. Each person is responsible for his own life and for how events develop in it. Do not think that everything is predetermined by fate, and you are not able to change anything for the better. Do not give up the initiative, change yourself and the world around. And remember: no one will do it for you.

Be patient and overcome all fears

Only a strong character and willpower enable a person to overcome all difficulties no matter what. Do not think about fleeting pleasure, especially if it will be to the detriment of yourself. main goal. Learn not to indulge your emotions, learn to wait. Try to cultivate the strength of mind and overcome fears. Unfortunately, many of our fears are the main enemies on the path to success. And we are most often afraid of something far-fetched, based on superficial observations. Once you overcome even the smallest fear, faith in own forces will increase several times. This is how character is developed.

Clear your mind and be honest with others and yourself

Each person can be called a gardener. We all grow ourselves. Therefore, what needs to be done first of all is to get rid of weeds in order to allow something pure and beautiful to sprout. Keep yourself occupied with something exciting, new and interesting. Those that will help develop and grow, educate the will and character. Be honest with others and with yourself. What kind of strength of character can we talk about. The love of telling a lie is, first of all, cowardice.

It's time to act!

Now that we've figured out how to develop a strong character, it's time to start taking action! Self-education is not an easy task. In any case, when you feel like dropping everything and giving up, remember the following:

The principle of educative character - try, try and try again! No one will answer the question of how many attempts will have to be made in order to achieve the desired result and cultivate strength in oneself. But one thing is clear for sure - you need to do it until you succeed in realizing your plan.
Accept defeat and never give up - the principle of the educative nature of training. There will be no willpower and character if you do not learn to overcome defeat. The ability not to give up after a series of failures is what parents should instill in the character of a child. Mistake or failure is the way of realizing the truth.
Get rid of any negative impact on you from the outside, remember that no situation or event should affect the state. Set a plan of work on yourself and learn to speak correctly. The lexicon is one of the principles of character education.
Surround yourself with people who are similar to you in goals and aspirations so that they help you to reach up.

Of course, there is no classic recipe for cultivating willpower and character. Try, strive, learn.

What will help on the way to the goal?

Cultivating one character trait in yourself is no longer an easy task. Take note of the following rules:

Overcome difficulties, no matter what. Difficulties build character.
Read books and not only your favorites, experiment with different genres. Grow and develop.
Have an opinion and express it.
Set goals and, most importantly, achieve them. A person with a weak character does not know what he wants. Contradictions, doubts, hesitations interfere with living a bright and fulfilling life.
Learn to say no. Failure to answer directly is a sign of weakness.
Get your environment right.

We educate ourselves, grow and develop ourselves. Do not hide in a corner and form strength and perseverance in yourself.

Difficulties are the best way to temper the character, the users of The Question project are sure. “At least the most important condition is to leave your comfort zone,” says Dmitry Richter. - Usually, strong people overcame such barriers and experienced such events that we could not even dream of.

“You never really get a taste of success if it comes too easy,” confirms Elisabeth Lutes. Also, do not blame others for your failures and failures, but accept them with your head held high.

2. Read books

Users recommend reading books of completely different genres. Autobiographies - to learn from the experience of great people, strong in spirit. Fiction- to develop imagination and play difficult situations that may ever happen to you. And books on self-development - to get motivated and learn useful psychological techniques.

Dmitry Sergeyev offered a list of three main, in his opinion, works: Robin Sharma "The Monk Who Sold His Ferrari", Dale Carnegie "How to Stop Worrying and Start Living" and Stephen Covey "7 Habits of Highly Effective People".

3. Have an opinion

Strong and mature personalities are not afraid to express their opinion, even if it is very different from the generally accepted one. In addition, they adhere to their own views, despite criticism. “In our century, people themselves become slaves to other people's opinions, so it is very difficult to maintain individuality of thinking. Learn to get rid of other people's opinions and form your own objective judgment, ”says Elizabeth Lutes.

Dmitry Sergeev advises you to think about what you do in life because you really want it, and what - under the pressure of others or circumstances. “The ability to walk away from a movie that you don’t like, and not watch it because the money was paid for it. Do not eat a dish in a restaurant that you do not really like, and do not choke because you paid a considerable amount for it. During an unpleasant conversation, get up, turn around and leave, or take it and keep silent at the moment when you just want to “blurt out” something or do something, without thinking that someone will think something “wrong” about you ” he gives examples.

4. Set goals and achieve them

The goal is to know where to go. Write a list of what you want to achieve through a certain period- week, month, year. Then compare the results, draw conclusions and write new goals. “More specifics, which can be expressed in terms and numbers, less abstract reasons and phrases,” advises Dmitry Sergeev.

“A person with a weak character does not know what he wants. It is contradictory, disorganized and constantly fluctuating,” says Artem Ivanov. Avoid the opposite.

5. Say "no"

The inability to refuse directly and honestly betrays a weakness of character in people, The Question users are sure. It is important to learn how to save your time and set personal boundaries. “The ability to decisively say “no” to insignificant matters will give you the strength to say “yes” to something important,” says Dmitry Sergeev. “It is very important to focus on one thing, discarding everything external factors. They just destroy you. Give them up in favor of the really important things,” advises Elizabeth Lutes.

6. Take a closer look at your surroundings

Unfortunately, not everyone will like it if you suddenly start to change for the better. For someone, you will cease to be "convenient", someone will simply envy. If you want to be strong, change the unpleasant environment. “If there are those people in the environment who do not want to become better and “pull” you down without developing, then it is better to reduce the limit of communication with them. Or cut them out of your life. Find those who are with you along the way, those who will help you and become better every day at the expense of you, - Dmitry Sergeev argues. “If you don’t want to ruin your life, stay away from those who have already ruined theirs.”

How to build character

General concept of character

Literally translated from Greek, "character" means "chasing, imprint." In psychology, character is understood as the totality of individual-peculiar mental properties that manifest themselves in a person in typical conditions and are expressed in the ways of activity inherent in it in such conditions.

Character is an individual combination of essential personality traits that express a person's attitude to reality and are manifested in his behavior, in his actions. Character is interconnected with other aspects of the personality, in particular, with temperament and abilities.

Temperament affects the form of manifestation of character, peculiarly coloring one or another of its features. So, persistence in a choleric person is expressed in vigorous activity, in a phlegmatic person - in concentrated deliberation. Choleric works energetically, passionately, phlegmatic - methodically, slowly.

On the other hand, the temperament itself is rebuilt under the influence of character: a person with a strong character can suppress some negative sides their temperament, to control its manifestations.

Ability is inextricably linked with character. High level abilities is associated with such character traits as collectivism - a feeling of inextricable connection with the team, the desire to work for its good, faith in one's own strengths and capabilities, combined with constant dissatisfaction with one's achievements, high demands on oneself, and the ability to be critical of one's work. The flourishing of abilities is associated with the ability to persistently overcome difficulties, not to lose heart under the influence of failures, to work in an organized manner, to show initiative.

The connection between character and abilities is also expressed in the fact that the formation of such character traits as diligence, initiative, determination, organization, perseverance occurs in the same activity of the child in which his abilities are formed. For example, in the process of labor as one of the main types of activity, on the one hand, the ability to work develops, and on the other, diligence as a character trait.

Traits

Character is an inseparable whole. But it is impossible to study and understand such a complex whole as character without highlighting individual aspects or typical manifestations(character trait). Common features character are manifested in the relationship of the individual to social duties and duty, to people, to himself. The attitude to social duties and duty, first of all, is manifested in the attitude of the individual to social work. In this regard, such character traits as diligence, conscientiousness, perseverance, frugality, and the opposite of them - laziness, negligence, passivity, wastefulness are revealed. Man's attitude towards work decisive influence on the formation of his other personal qualities.

D. I. Pisarev wrote: "Character is tempered by labor, and whoever has never earned his own daily food by his own labor, for the most part remains forever a weak, sluggish and spineless person." Attitude towards people clearly appears in such character traits as sociability, politeness, goodwill, etc. The antipodes of these traits are isolation, tactlessness, malevolence.

As V. Hugo stated, "every person has three characters: the one that is attributed to him; the one that he attributes to himself; and, finally, the one that is in reality."

In order to clarify the essence of his character, it is useful for a person to know the opinion of himself of the team in which he works and spends a significant part of his life. And, above all, how orderly his relations with people are, how much people need him, how authoritative he is among them. Attitude towards oneself is manifested in self-assessment of one's actions.

Sober self-assessment is one of the conditions for personal development, helping to develop such character traits as modesty, adherence to principles, self-discipline.

Negative character traits are increased conceit, arrogance and boasting. A person with these traits is usually quarrelsome in a team, involuntarily creates in it pre-conflict and conflict situations. Another extreme in a person's character is also undesirable: underestimation of one's own merits, timidity in expressing one's positions, in defending one's views. Modesty and self-criticism must be combined with a heightened sense of dignity based on the consciousness of the real significance of one's personality, on the presence of certain successes in work for the common good.

Principledness is one of the valuable personal qualities that give the character an active orientation.

Volitional character traits. Will is understood as complex mental process, which causes the activity of a person and awakens him to act directionally. Will is the ability of a person to overcome obstacles, to achieve the goal. Specifically, she acts in such character traits as purposefulness, determination, perseverance, courage. These character traits can contribute to the achievement of both socially useful and anti-social goals. To do this, it is important to determine what the motive volitional behavior person.

"A brave act whose motive is to enslave another person, to seize someone else's property, to get promoted, and a brave act whose motive is to help common cause, have, of course, completely different psychological qualities.

By volitional activity characters are divided into strong and weak. People with a strong character have stable goals, are proactive, boldly make decisions and implement them, have great endurance, are courageous and bold. People in whom these qualities are weakly expressed or some of them are absent are classified as weak-character. They are characterized by a passive manifestation of their business and personal qualities. Often such people, having the best intentions, do not achieve significant results in work, study.

Many of them sincerely experience their inability to act independently, persistently and decisively. Volitional qualities can be educated in humans. IP Pavlov emphasized that a person is the only system capable of regulating itself within wide limits, that is, it can improve itself.

Weak people with thoughtful pedagogical work can become active with them. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of a person, for example, his temperament. So, it is easier for a choleric person to develop activity and determination than for a melancholic person. A person himself must train his will from a young age, develop such qualities as self-control, activity, courage.

Formation of character in children and ways of its education

As noted, the character is formed, developed and changed in the practical activity of a person, reflects the conditions and way of life. Character formation begins at an early age.

Already in preschool age the first contours of character are outlined, a habitual way of behavior, certain attitudes towards reality begin to take shape. Manifestations of collectivism, perseverance, endurance, courage in preschool age are formed primarily in the game, especially in collective plot games with rules.

Of great importance are the simplest types of labor activity available to a preschooler. By performing some simple duties, the child learns to respect and love work, to feel responsibility for the task assigned. Under the influence of the requirements of parents and educators, their personal example, the child gradually develops concepts of what is possible and what is not, and this begins to determine his behavior, lays the foundations for a sense of duty, discipline, endurance; The child learns to evaluate his own behavior.

Beginning with schooling new stage character formation. The child first encounters a series of strict rules and school duties that determine all his behavior at school, at home, in in public places. These rules and duties develop the student's organization, systematicity, purposefulness, perseverance, accuracy, discipline, diligence.

Exclusively important role the school team plays in the formation of character. At school, the child enters into new relationships with teachers, into relationships of community and mutual assistance with comrades. He develops a consciousness of duty and responsibility to the collective of his class, school, a sense of camaraderie, collectivism.

Especially intensively develop character traits in adolescents. A teenager, to a much greater extent than a younger schoolchild, participates in the life of adults, higher demands are placed on him. A teenager in his study and social activities already much more begins to be guided by the motives of public order - a sense of duty and responsibility to the team, the desire to maintain the honor of the school, class.

Upbringing has a decisive influence on the character of the child. There are no children whose character cannot be re-educated and who cannot be instilled with certain positive traits, eliminating even the negative traits that seem to have already taken root in them.

Ways of educating character

A necessary condition for the education of character is the formation of a worldview, beliefs and ideals.

The worldview determines the orientation of a person, his life goals, aspirations, moral attitudes follow from the worldview, by which people are guided in their actions. The task of forming a worldview, beliefs should be solved in unity with the education of certain forms of behavior, in which the system of human relations to reality could be embodied. Therefore, in order to nurture socially valuable character traits, it is necessary to organize the child's play, educational, and labor activities in such a way that he can accumulate experience in correct behavior.

In the process of character formation, it is necessary to consolidate not only certain form behavior, but also the corresponding motive for this behavior, to put children in such conditions that they Practical activities corresponded to their ideological upbringing, so that they put into practice the learned principles of behavior. If the conditions in which the child lived and acted did not require him, for example, to display restraint or initiative, then the corresponding character traits would not be developed in him, no matter how high moral ideas nor instilled in him verbally. Can't be brought up courageous man if you do not put him in such conditions when he could and should have shown courage. Education that eliminates all difficulties on life path child, can never create a strong character.

The most important means of educating character is work. In serious and socially significant work, connected with overcoming difficulties, best features character: purposefulness, collectivism, perseverance. The most important condition the correct organization of educational activities is the close coordination of the educational work of the school with the corresponding influences of the family.

Literature and art influence the education of character. images literary heroes and their behavior often serve as a kind of model for the student, with which he compares his behavior. The personal example of the educator, whether parents or teachers, also influences character education. What caregivers do often has a far greater impact on a child's life than what they say. How the teacher treats work, how he should social norms behavior, whether he owns himself and his feelings, what is the style of his work - all this is of great importance for educating the character of children.

An important role in the formation of character is played by the living word of the teacher, educator, with which he addresses the child. A significant place is occupied, in particular, by ethical or moral conversations. Their goal is to form the correct moral ideas and concepts in children.

For older students, one of the ways of character formation is self-education. However, also junior schoolchildren the teacher must cultivate the desire to get rid of certain shortcomings, undesirable habits, to develop good habits. Especially important is the need for an individual approach in the education of character. Individual approach requires the selection and implementation of such educational activities that would correspond to the characteristics of the personality of the student and the state in which he is in given time located. It is absolutely necessary to take into account the motives of actions, since the differences in motives determine the differences in educational activities that must be carried out by the teacher in response to this or that student's act. An individual approach requires reliance on the positive that each child already has in the area of his interests, attitudes towards people, to certain types activities, etc. In every possible way developing the already existing valuable features, encouraging positive deeds, the teacher can more easily overcome negative traits character in children. In order to educate the character of the student, taking into account his individual characteristics, you should know them well, i.e., comprehensively and deeply study the individuality of the student.

Studying a child is a relatively lengthy process. Only good knowledge the student will be able to identify individual events on his further education or re-education and will lead to desired results. When meeting with students for the first time at the very beginning of the first year of study, the teacher should carefully observe them, talk with parents about the conditions and some features of the child's development, about the manifestations of his character. Based on observations and conversations, it is necessary to draw up a specific program for shaping the character of the child, taking into account his individual characteristics.

Bibliographic list

1. Levitov N. D. Psychology of character, ed. 3. M., "Enlightenment", 1969.

2. Kovalev A. G. Psychology of personality, ed. 3. M., "Enlightenment", 1970.

3. Shepel V. M. Management psychology. Moscow, "Economics", 1984.

4. Bozhovich L. I. Personality and its formation in childhood. M, "Enlightenment", 1968.

Forms of behavior, communication and human activity in various life situations due to his character, which is a combination of properties and personality traits. Character traits manifest themselves and form a line of human behavior in the process of work and household activities, communications in the family and society, in relation to other people, to oneself, to things and events.

The character of a person is inextricably linked with his temperament - the type nervous system, laid down at the genetic level and characterizing the natural innate characteristics of a person. Unlike temperament, a person's character is formed over time and under the influence of various factors among which education plays a decisive role. As they grow older, the desire to achieve goals and more complete realization encourages a person to self-education (i.e., instilling in himself the desired character traits).

Building strong character personal growth person, achieving maximum efficiency in the chosen field of activity. Each person is able to instill in himself traits that characterize willpower and firmness of spirit. As an example, consider several ways to develop a strong character.

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Sports

Sport brings up discipline in a person, teaches to overcome difficulties and strengthens self-confidence. Regular physical training improve coordination of movements, the ability to navigate in difficult situations and develop a commitment to excellence. Teamwork improves a person's communication skills.

When preparing for a competition, an athlete hones not only physical skills, endurance, but also the speed of thinking, as well as the ability to analyze actions and improve them independently. Setting high goals develops in a person leadership skills, contributes to the process of self-improvement.

intellectual development

Obtaining new knowledge forms new habits in a person and improves existing ones, expands the circle of contacts and increases self-esteem. The desire for personal growth encourages a person to master new skills, comprehend the unknown and, accordingly, educates a person in activity, the ability to overcome difficulties.

Development in any field (study foreign languages, getting driving skills, games on musical instruments etc.) will give a positive effect in the formation of the personality and the education of the moral and volitional qualities of a person.

Fears and complexes

Uncertainty and fear are those character traits that stand in the way of success and achievement of goals. It often turns out that fears are based not on experience, but on expectation. negative result. To remove barriers to oneself, it is necessary to take decisive action in those areas where weaknesses are felt. For example:

If you are afraid of heights, you should not give up hiking in the mountains, but focus on the beauty of nature;
An insecure person who is afraid when communicating with people should make a presentation or enroll in a section on their own.

Overcoming phobias and complexes will give determination and confidence in further actions.