VERB Meaning in the Dictionary linguistic terms

VERBAL FORMATIONS

Words of different parts of speech formed from the verb stem. Verbal adverbs. Adverbs formed from a participle that has lost its aspectual and temporal and pledge meanings. Lying, sitting, standing, playing, sneaking.

Verbal prepositions, see verbal prepositions (preposition in the article).

Verbal adjectives.

1) Adjectives formed from the verb stem in a suffixal way, retaining only genetic connection with verbs. Tanning, copying, bathing, engagement, drying, grinding (with the suffix -flax). Exclamatory, divinatory, desirable, selective, inventive, observant, approving, insulting, cooling, irritable, commonly used (with the suffix -tel-th). Experienced, lethargic, burnt, belated, mature, icy, petrified, numb, faded, rotten, ripe (with the suffix -l-th, they go back to the Old Russian participles). Hanging, combustible, rattling, ebullient, prickly, recumbent, flying, standing, loose, walking (with suffixes -ach- (-yach-), -uch- (-yuch-), go back to Old Russian participles).

2) Participle formations, i.e. participles that have lost their species-temporal and pledge meanings, as well as verb control (adjective participles). Boiled, faceted, gifted, torn, fried, called, frozen, wounded, torn, salted, dried (with suffixes -i-, -en-). Excited, desirable, refined, exhausted, skilled, devoted, confused, restrained, confident, moderate, enhanced (with suffixes -ni-, -enn-). Permissible, replaceable, curable, fossil, unbearable, inaccessible, indelible, inimitable, waterproof, fireproof, unfading, tangible (with suffixes -m-, -em-). Brilliant, defiant, burning, meaningful, beginning, suitable, stunning, coming, sparkling, threatening (with suffixes -usch-(-yushch-), -ashch-(yashch-), sometimes complex formations). Fallen, past (with the suffix -sh-). Beaten (figure of speech), cracked (voice), inveterate (scoundrel), crumpled (suit), flattened (nose), stale (air), etc. (with the suffix -t-).

verbal nouns. Nouns formed from verb stems and denoting an objectified action (state, process), that is, representing it in an abstract sense. Verbal nouns are formed:

a) in an affixless way of word formation: import, swing, export, swim, heating, glow, roasting, threshing, trapping, shooting, undermining, transportation, absenteeism, rental, decay

b) the suffix way of word formation: renting, floundering, wandering, drilling, returning, saying, rewarding, mastering, rendering, ending, appearing, acquiring, scattering, managing, establishing (with suffixes -ne-e (-n-e), - ani-e, -eni-e)', shaving, bloating, taking, closing, washing, pressing, developing (with the suffix -ti-e (-t-e) - unproductive); cooking, gluing, carriage, pouring, dressing, salting, cutting, laying, sinking, breakdown, cleaning, reading ( with-suffix -k-a); robbery, division, payment (with the suffix -hedgehog-); bombing, sharing, cramming, feeding (with the suffix -ezhk-a); threshing, shooting, carving, shooting, walking (with the suffix -b-a).

Verbal nouns are widely used in all styles of speech (scientific, official business, journalistic, colloquial). They developed a variety of synonymous relationships (sharing - carving, heating - heating, passage - sinking), especially between the words on -nie and -ka (boiling - cooking, uprooting - uprooting, melting - melting, cutting - cutting, grinding - grinding) . However, their use requires caution, since their lack of basic verb categories may lead to ambiguity. cf. : “The question of the implementation of the plan is on the agenda” (it is not clear whether it will be about the results of the implementation, the progress of the implementation or the measures for its implementation). In language fiction sometimes artificial formations are created, used as a parodic stylization technique for clerical speech. Gouged out eyes, biting off the nose are also prohibited. . . removal of the head (Saltykov-Shchedrin). The provincial government, having received this report, entered into this kind of reasoning: since flying in and breaking glasses with a crow shows clear negligence on the part of persons whose government offices are directly subject to inspection, then lay the spent amount on the guilty ... (Pisemsky). The killing occurred due to drowning (Chekhov).

Dictionary of linguistic terms. 2012

See also interpretations, synonyms, word meanings and what are VERBAL FORMATIONS in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:

• EDUCATION
  LEGAL ENTITIES LEGAL AND NORMATIVE ORDER - see LEGAL AND NORMATIVE ORDER OF FORMATION OF LEGAL ...
• EDUCATION in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
  STATE-LIKE - see QUASI-STATES ...
• ZURABASHVILI VERBAL-SEMANTIC EXPERIMENT in the Explanatory Dictionary of Psychiatric Terms:
  (Zurabashvili A.D., 1955). Modification of the associative experiment, taking into account the ontogenetic development of speech signaling. It includes the following variants of the associative experiment, reflecting various evolutionary-dynamic steps...
• HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION in the Pedagogical Encyclopedic Dictionary:
  , highest level vocational education; level of qualification in the specialty obtained in higher educational institutions(universities) on the basis of complete secondary education, ...
• HAUSA (LANGUAGE)
  language of the Hausa people. Distributed in Northern Nigeria and adjacent areas of Niger, as well as in Cameroon, Dahomey, Ghana and some ...
• FRANCE
• FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB.
• UNIVERSITIES in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  (from Latin universitas v totality, community), higher educational and scientific institutions that train specialists in the totality of disciplines that make up the foundations scientific knowledge. Story …
• UKRAINIAN SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukrainian SSR (Ukrainian Radianska Socialist Republic), Ukraine (Ukraine). I. General information The Ukrainian SSR was formed on December 25, 1917. With the creation of ...
• NOUN in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  part of speech, a class of meaningful words (lexemes), which includes the names of objects and animated beings and can appear in a sentence ...
• THE USSR. SOCIAL SCIENCES in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  Science Philosophy Being inalienable integral part world philosophy, the philosophical thought of the peoples of the USSR has come a long and difficult historical path. In the spiritual...
• THE USSR. PUBLIC EDUCATION in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  education The development of culture and education of the peoples of the USSR has a long history. Even in the 4th-5th centuries. in Georgia and Armenia at the churches ...
• THE USSR. NATURAL SCIENCES in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  Science Mathematics Scientific research in the field of mathematics began to be carried out in Russia since the 18th century, when L. ...
• MIDDLE SCHOOL OF GENERAL EDUCATION in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  a general education school, an educational institution that aims to give students a systematic knowledge of the fundamentals of science, as well as the relevant skills that are necessary ...
• USA in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  States of America (USA) (United States of America, USA). I. General information USA - state in North America. Area 9.4 million ...
• SEMITIC LANGUAGES in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  languages, one of the branches of the Afroasian, or Semitic-Hamitic, family of languages. Common in Arab countries(Iraq, Kuwait, states on the southern coast of the Persian ...
• SELISHI LANGUAGES in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  languages, Salish (Salish) languages, a group of closely related American Indian languages ​​​​(Chehalis, Skomish, Kalispel, Bella Kula, Ker d "Alene, etc. - about ...
• RUSSIAN SOVIET FEDERAL SOCIALIST REPUBLIC, RSFSR in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB.
• PRETEXT in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  class of service words (or service unit speech) used in many languages ​​(for example, Indo-European, Semitic) to express various relationships between dependent ...
• PEDAGOGY in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  (Greek paidagogike), the science of specially organized purposeful and systematic activity for the formation of a person, the content, forms and methods of upbringing, education ...
• MORPHOLOGY in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  (from the Greek morphe - form and ... logic), part of the system natural language, providing the construction and understanding of its word forms; …
• CHINA in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB.
• HIGHER EDUCATION in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  education, a set of systematized knowledge and practical skills that allow solving theoretical and practical problems in the field of training, using and creatively developing ...
• ASSYRIAN (NEW SYRIAN) LANGUAGE in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
  (Novosyrian) language, common name modern Eastern Aramaic dialects (Urmian, Salamas, Jilu, Tiari, Mosul, etc.), belonging to the family of Semitic-Hamitic languages. On the …
• ELEMENTARY EDUCATION in encyclopedic dictionary Brockhaus and Euphron.
• PASSIVE VOICE
  (gram.) - pledge (see), denoting that the subject is the carrier of the action expressed by the verb, the starting point of which lies outside the subject. In S. ...
• PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
  This term was first used by the French minister public education Durui, who, in a circular on the transformation of secondary education (1863), proposed two ...
• in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
  I Contents: I. Initial public education generally. II. Primary public education abroad: Austria-Hungary, England, Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Holland, Denmark, ...
• VERB in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
  Verb - in Indo-European languages a part of speech that means an inconstant quality or property of an object (as an adjective and a noun), but, on the contrary, a well-known ...
• UNIVERSITY EXTENSION in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
  this is the name of the movement towards the democratization of higher education, which began in the second half of the 19th century. in England and America and spread to ...
• ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
• UNIVERSITY in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
• THERMOCHEMISTRY
  ? department of chemistry dealing with transformations internal energy bodies in heat chemical processes. Almost every chemical reaction related to that...
• PASSIVE VOICE in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron:
  (gram) ? pledge (see), denoting that the subject is the carrier of the action expressed by the verb, the starting point of which lies outside the subject. In S. ...
• PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
• PRIMARY PUBLIC EDUCATION in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
• ROCKS in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.

• A verbal noun (also deverbative) in a number of inflectional languages, including Russian, is a noun formed directly from the verb. Examples: walking (from walking), eating (from eating).

  For many semantic and syntactic properties a verbal noun is close to a gerund (although it is believed that, say, there is no gerund in Russian).

  From one verb stem, it is possible to form two types of verbal nouns: deverbative of the name of the action - lat. nomen actionis (sowing, transformation, salvation) and name actor or the sender of the action - lat. nomen agentis (sower, transformer, rescuer).

  AT German there are two types of verbal nouns: the substantiated infinitive, or "process name" (examples: sein - das Sein, schwimmen - das Schwimmen, etc.) and "result name" in -ung. Most verbs can form either the first or the second form; from "static" verbs, only the first is usually formed, from "dynamic" both forms can be formed (the first has a more abstract meaning).

  In relation to oriental languages, the verbal noun is traditionally called "masdar" (arab. مصدر‎). It is the source of word formation according to the opinion of the scientists of the Basri school of morphology. They argue that it indicates only a certain concept or state. It is simpler and more elementary than a verb, which is burdened with a connection with time and the person of the figure. For example: شُكْرٌ غُفْرَانٌ “gratitude” - “ShuKrun” (the concept is not connected either with time or with the doer), “forgiveness” - GuFraanun (there is also not even a hint of an answer to the questions: “when?” And “who?”)

  Verbal nouns are widely used in various styles language:

  In socio-political and special literature, as terms formed in various ways:

  using the suffix -ni-e (-ani-e, -eni-e), for example: concreting, loosening, denationalization, questioning, subtraction, addition, coordination, management;

  with help suffix -k-a, for example: masonry, putty (process and result of the process); if there are options for both types (engraving - engraving, marking - marking, pressing - pressing, grinding - grinding), the first option has a more bookish character;

  in a non-suffix way, for example: departure, bench press, firing, measurement, reset, if there are options (heating - heating, firing - firing, draining - draining) the forms are saved major degree bookishness.

  AT official business speech, for example: The nomination of candidates has begun; The negotiations ended with the establishment of diplomatic relations; An agreement was reached to extend the agreement for the next five years; Leave request granted.

  In the headlines, for example: Launch of the space complex; Screening of new films; Presentation of orders and awards; Homecoming. The usual wording of plan items is phrases with a verbal noun as the main word.

, - noun , formed directly from the verb. Examples: walking(from walk), eating(from eat).

In many semantic and syntactic properties, a verbal noun is close to a gerund (although it is believed that, say, there is no gerund in the Russian language).

From one verb stem, it is possible to form two types of verbal nouns: deverbative of the name of the action - lat. nomen actionis ( sowing, transformation, the rescue) and the name of the actor or sender of the action - lat. nomen agentis ( sower, converter, rescuer).

There are two kinds of verbal nouns in German: the substantiated infinitive, or "process name" (examples: sein - das Sein, schwimmen - das schwimmen etc.) and "result name" in -ung. Most verbs can form either the first or the second form; from "static" verbs, only the first is usually formed, from "dynamic" both forms can be formed (the first has a more abstract meaning).

In relation to oriental languages, the verbal noun is traditionally called "masdar" (arab. مصدر ‎). It is the source of word formation according to the opinion of the scientists of the Basri school of morphology. They argue that it indicates only a certain concept or state. It is simpler and more elementary than a verb, which is burdened with a connection with time and the person of the figure. For example: شُكْرٌ غُفْرَانٌ “gratitude” - “ShuKrun” (the concept is not connected either with time or with the doer), “forgiveness” - GuFraanun (there is also not even a hint of an answer to the questions: “when?” And “who?”)

Verbal nouns are widely used in various styles of language:

1. In socio-political and special literature, as terms formed in various ways:
   • using the suffix -ni-e (-ani-e, -eni-e), for example: concreting, loosening, denationalization, questioning, subtraction, addition, agreement, control;
   • using the suffix -k-a, for example: masonry, putty(process and result of the process); in the presence of options of both types ( engraving - engraving, marking - marking, pressing - pressing, grinding - grinding) the first option has a more bookish character;
   • in a non-suffix way, for example: departure, bench press, burning, sounding, reset, if there are options ( heating - heating, roasting - roasting, drain - drain) behind the forms in -tion retains a large degree of bookishness.
2. In a formal business speech, for example: Candidate nominations have begun; The negotiations ended with the establishment of diplomatic relations; An agreement was reached to extend the agreement for the next five years; Leave request approved.
3. In headers, for example: Launch of the space complex; Screening of new films; Presentation of orders and awards; Homecoming. The usual wording of plan items is phrases with a verbal noun as the main word.

Morphemics is engaged in word formation of verbal nouns in Russian. Morphemics is a branch of linguistics that studies the structure of words and word forms of a language, organized by minimal meaningful language units- morphemes. The tasks of morphemics include the definition of the function of a morpheme as a unit of language [Zubova, Menshikova: 5]. AT this study morphemes such as suffixes are considered, and their main word-formation function is the formation of verbal nouns.

In Russian word formation of verbal nouns, the suffixal method of word formation is used, which also includes the non-suffix method, which is sometimes also called the truncation of the verb stem. Suffix way- this is the formation of words by attaching a suffix to the generating (in this case- verbal) basis. This is the most productive way word formation in Russian [Zubova, Menshikova: 123]. In Russian, verbal nouns are formed according to the transpositional word-formation type - within the framework of this word formation, the derivative word and the generating stem are different parts speeches [Zubova, Menshikov: 142].

Non-suffix way of forming nouns

As a result of truncation of the verb stem, the following types of nouns are formed:

Nouns male, a male-middle variety of the I substantive declension with the meaning of an abstract action. Motivating verbs - verbs of types I and V with the infinitive stem on - a and type X with the stem on - and: start - start; find - wanted; bring - bringing.

Other types and subtypes of motivating verbs are less common: salute - salute; split - split; inspect - inspection.

Motivating verbs by structure: simple: walk - move; to catch - fishing; buzz - buzz; verbs with suffix morphs -a-, -va-: lack of sleep - lack of sleep; tide - tide; prefix verbs perfect look: fill up - blockage; scatter - scatter;

Nouns of this type are not formed from type I verbs with a stem on - e, type IV, verbs on - to start / - to start.

When forming a derivative, the final vowel of the verb stem is not preserved. Also cut off: the finals of the infinitive stems - ova - and - irova-: trade - bargaining; flirt - flirt; finals - well - and - willow - in cases where the basics with these finals can be considered motivating: swing / swing - swing; pawn - mortgage; knock - knock.

The stem of the present tense of the verb can appear in nouns motivated by verbs of types VI, VII, IX. For example: grow - grow grew ( 1st person form singular present and past tense, respectively) growth; howl - howl howl; call - call(form 1 person singular present tense) - call[GSRLYA: 142].

In the formation of masculine derivatives, the following alternations occur: the final soft consonant of the verb stem with a hard one: salt - salting; come - arrival; [k] - [h]: click - call; shout - shout; [p "] - [pl"]: yell - yell; [w "] - [sk]: squeak - squeak; [zh "] - [zg]: squeal - squeal; alternation vowels in root: sniff - glanders; murmur - murmur; push - pressure; calculate - miscalculation; press - press.

Words of this type denote actions regardless of the duration and nature of their course. Often they acquire the meaning of a single act (look, sneeze, freeze). Secondary objective meanings: instrument of action, device: tray, drive unit; object and action result: outlet, cutout, digging; scene: paddock, entrance, output.

This type is productive in technical terminology, colloquial and artistic speech, especially derivatives motivated by prefixed verbs. Derivatives motivated by verbs without prefixes are used in artistic speech [GSRLYA: 143].

Nouns female I substantive declension with the meaning of an abstract action or state. This type is not productive. The number of such verbal nouns in modern Russian is limited ( pay, payment, surcharge, spending, loss, cost, embezzlement, weed, mordant, poison, massacre, council, crossing, alive, life, gain, merit, service, length of service cool, cold, praise, praise, theft, theft, loss, loss, attack, conversation, annoyance, nap, thought, riding, thirst, drought, protection, a game, hassle, resentment custody, siege, crossing, chase, mercy, damage, bait, embellishment, oath, the missing, Job, parting, massacre, argument, cold, bustle, yearning, threat, delight).

Words of this type belong to hard declension with alternation of paired soft consonants with hard ones. There are exceptions [GRSRLA, p.144]: [d] - [g] disappear - loss; [t "] - [h] spoil - damage; [b] - [bl "] row (row) - rowing; [in] / [in "] - [vl"] trade - trade; [p "] - [pl"] buy - purchase.

Another unproductive type of derivatives is the noun of the same educational structure, as the previous type, denoting inanimate object, characterized by the action of the motivating verb ( meta, litter, estimate, omen, reward, fence, block, frame, seasoning, food, veil, dam, burden, renewal, support, horseshoe, gilding, glaze, noon, yarn, seedling, loan). The morphological characteristic here is the same as in the previous type of derivatives.

Feminine nouns of the II substantive declension with the meaning of an abstract action or state with motivation predominantly simple verbs: scold - scold; tremble - tremble; cut - cut; drizzle - drizzle.

When forming verbal nouns of this type, the final vowel of the verb stem disappears. The following alternations occur: paired hard consonants of the end of the verb stem with soft ones: to preach - a sermon; back-lingual consonants with hissing: to lie is a lie; irregular ratio basics: help (help) - help.

This type is productive in colloquial and artistic speech.

Nouns of the pluralia tantum group with the meaning of an abstract action: to bother - chores.

It is possible to cut off the final base - willow - and reverse alternation [g] - [e]: gossip - gossip: talk over - negotiations. In this case, the final vowel of the stem is cut off. [GRSRL: 145]

Verb-motivated nouns are usually formed by adding a suffix to the stem of the past tense. In this case, the final vowel of the verb stem in the structure of the noun may be preserved, or it may not be preserved. Sometimes a noun suffix is ​​attached to the stem of the present tense form of the verb, but such forms are rare and are described separately [GrSRL: 46].

Nouns with the meaning of an abstract action. Suffixes of nouns with the meaning of an abstract action.

Suffix -nij-

Nouns of the middle gender with suffixes - nij-/-enij-/-anij-/-tij-/-ij - denote action on the verb. Morphs - nij - and - tij - appear in position after the final vowel of the infinitive stem, while the first of them - after the vowels [a], [e], and the second - mainly in formations with monosyllabic verbal roots after [a], [and ], [OU]. Morphs - enij-/-anij-/-tij - appear in position after the consonant, joining the stem of the infinitive, the final vowel of which is cut off. It is also possible to attach these morphs to the basis of the present tense. The morph - anij - in this case appears only after the hissing and [j].

Morphs - nij-/-enij - are highly productive, while - anij - and - and j - are not productive.

Nouns with morph -nij - are motivated following groups verbs:

Verbs of I, V, X types with a stem on - a - and type II on - ova-: blink-blink, punish-punishment, draw-draw, hold-hold. Also, among motivating verbs there are verbs with suffix morphs - iva-, - va-, - a - ( cutting - cutting out play out - play out); - ova-, - irova-, - izirova - ( design, design theorizing - to theorize); - stems -, - niche - ( wakefulness, aping), prefix-suffix, suffix-postfix with suffix morphs - a-, -ova - ( make public - make public fraternization - fraternization use - use, to freeze - to freeze), perfective prefix verbs ( conquer - conquest); prefix-postfix, prefix-suffix-postfix with suffix morphs - a-, - willow - ( to know - knowledge grow - growth swipe - swipe) [GSRLYA: 65].

Verbs I and X types on - e - ( smolder - decay, endure - patience), including suffix and prefix-suffix with suffix morphs - e - ( grow old - aging) and prefixed ( take possession - mastery, blush - blush).

Verbs of other types and subtypes: sing - singing, publish - edition, set - task. In some cases, when forming a verbal noun, the final - va - the basis of the verb "drops out": intend - intention, bewilderment - bewilderment suspect - suspicion.

Nouns with a morph - enij - are motivated by the following groups of verbs:

Type X verbs with stems in - and - ( smoking - smoking, store - storage), including suffixal, prefix-suffix and suffix-postfix with the morph - and - ( complicate - complication); perfective prefix verbs ( extract - extract, expel - expel); prefix-postfix perfective ( reign - reign). When forming nouns from the verbs of this group, there is an alternation of consonants: [t`] - [h]: shine - glow; [t`] - [w`]: illuminate - lighting; [d`] - [g]: ironing - ironing; [d`] - [j`]: walking - walking; [st`] - [w`]: revenge - revenge; [zd`] - [wait`]: pile up - pile up; [s`] - [w]: wear - wearing; [h`] - [g]: distort - distortion; [b`] - [bl`]: weaken - weakening; [v`] - [vl`]: melt - melting; [m`] - [ml`]: feed - feeding; [p`] - [pl`]: strengthen - strengthen; [f`] - [fl`]: graphing - graphing.

Verbs of types VI and VII,1. In this case, the basics of the present tense are motivating. Here, paired hard consonants alternate before the morph suffixes with soft ones: [d] - [d`]: attack (attack) - attack; [t] - [t`]: read (read) - reading; [s] - [s`]: save (save) - salvation; [p] - [p`]: rub (true) - friction. Back-lingual [k] and [g] alternate with hissing [h] and [g]: neglect (neglect) - neglect, pound (to sense) - pounding.

Verbs III and IV types. To form a verbal noun, either the infinitive stem is used, in which [y] - [ov`] alternate, or the past tense stem on - r with the alternation of [g] - [g]. The first case is demonstrated by the following examples: arise - occurrence, dare - boldness, disappear - disappear. The second case includes: plunge - plunge, eruption - eruption, expel - extortion.

Some verbs of types I, II and V form derivatives by cutting off the final - and the stem: know - conduct, fall - fall rotate - rotation. Before the suffix alternate: [b] - [b`], [c] - [c`], [d] - [d`], [s] - [s`], [t] - [t`], [ g] - [g], [p] - [pl`]. In the case of the verb read - reading there is an alternation of root vocalism [and] - [?]. The finals - ova - and - willow - of the verbal stems are absent in the following cases: to worry - excitement, stretch - stretch etc. [GRSRL: 66]

Separate verbs of other types that form verbal nouns with this inflection: twirl - spinning, wash - ablution, forget - oblivion rot - decay, beat - beating, kill - kill e (obsolete).

Nouns with morph -tyj-

When forming verbal nouns with a morph - tij - verbs like:

I, 4-5: inflate - inflate, spill - spill, sew - sewing;

VII, 2-3: live - life (life), sail - sailing, accept - acceptance;

IX: crucify - crucifixion, start - conception. In this case, an irregular ratio of bases may be present: hug - hug, undertake - enterprise;

individual verbs of other types and subtypes and isolated verbs: bend - bend, to be - being, depart - departure;

Morph - anij - appears in formations motivated by verbs give and succeed: to give - alms succeed - success. Also, with verbs finish and endeavor with clipping of the final vowel of the infinitive stem: the ending, diligence.

In nouns with the morph - and j- (-j-) motivators are:

Verbs of I and X types with a basis on - a, - and: have fun - fun, suffocate - suffocate trust (trust) - trust, communion - communion;

Type II verbs, mainly - to visit, in which the final -ova- is cut off: distress - disaster, act - action, wander - wandering march - procession etc.[GRSRL: 67]

1) A set of words, frequency in different styles, but especially active in scientific speech, where verbal nouns express a generalized abstract meaning: informing, providing, transforming, stopping, preparing, accommodating, burning, establishing, shaping and etc.

2) One of the elements information model scientific style, included in the set language tools, modeled based on generalization-abstractness.

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4. Complex names nouns Nouns created by the method of compounding are divided into two large groups: 1) with the meaning of a person (nomina personae); 2) non-personal names (nomina inpersonalis). Personal names make up a significant part of compound words, this group was relevant

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Nouns Bazaar, head, lack of money, enemy, eye, rot, shit, firebrand, pus, sin, hernia, dirt, money, shit, trembling, fool, gills, greed, thirst, fever, bile, wife, belly, slurry, vein , fat, life, ass, beetle, horror, infection, serpentine, tooth, heartburn, tick, guts, kipish,

Verb nouns!

From the book These Strange Americans author Fall Stephanie

Nouns

From the book Rules of Russian Spelling and Punctuation. Complete Academic Handbook author Lopatin Vladimir Vladimirovich

Nouns

Collective nouns

From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (CO) of the author TSB

6.12. Indeclinable nouns

From the book Modern Russian. Practical guide author Guseva Tamara Ivanovna

6.12. Indeclinable names nouns Some nouns in Russian do not change in cases and numbers. indeclinable noun include: 1) common nouns and proper names nouns foreign origin: soda, cocoa, coffee, coat,

Indefinite nouns

From the book If the buyer says no. Work with objections author Samsonova Elena

Indefinite nouns From the point of view of the idea of ​​reality maps, all nouns are indefinite. If I pronounce the words “cabbage”, “tram”, “house” and so on, then most likely the same story will turn out as with the “dog”. Everyone will present their cabbage

26. Nouns with a common derivational meaning "action, process"

From the book Latin for Physicians the author Shtun A I

26. Nouns with a common derivational meaning "action, process" Latin there are nouns that have certain suffixes with general meaning action, process. 1. Nouns of this very productive derivational type

Nouns

From the book Movement of Love: Man and Woman author Zhikarentsev Vladimir Vasilievich

Nouns First, let's define what to do with nouns. What do we need from them? We need to learn how to show that between any opposites there are complete dual relationship. That is, we should be able to show that

9. Select nouns from the text

From the book The Magician's Hat. Naughty school of creativity the author Bantok Nick

9. Select nouns from the text In the 1920s, representatives of the surrealist movement came up with whole line approaches that made it possible to turn art, whether it be painting or literature, into real game. The purpose of this was to destroy thinking model,

ABSTRACT NOUNS

From the book Without distorting the Word of God ... by John Beekman

ABSTRACT NOUNS At the beginning of ch. 4 we discussed the division of all lexical units(words and phraseological units) into four semantic classes, called the classes of OBJECTS, ACTIONS, ABSTRACTIONS and RELATIONS. In particular, it was noted that the class of OBJECTS, as

Noun images

From the book Study foreign languages author Melnikov Ilya

Noun images Images should not be: 1. Too simple. The brain must work and geometric simple shapes he remembers very badly.2. The images you create should not be plot. For example, the picture is a battle scene. It is presented in several forms.

"Selecting Nouns"

From the book The most complete exercise book for brain development! [New Mind Training] author Mighty Anton

“We select nouns” Assignment To the proposed adjectives, select nouns in such a way that it turns out short story. Adjectives can be left in these cases, or cases can be changed. Phrases can be rearranged as you like. List