Essay optimal model of public education. Essay "Problem issues in modern education

Modern system Russian education far from perfect. And there are, alas, really a lot of problems. The problem of the content of education is one of the most topical. This cannot but be understood in the ministry, otherwise why in the control measuring USE materials in the Russian language, graduates are offered texts for analysis, where is this problem the main one? So, in 2009, an abridged version of an article by Igor Botov appeared in KIMs, in which the author notes with bitter irony that schoolchildren are losing interest in knowledge. Knowledge does not enrich, but on the contrary, burdens them, education becomes a heavy burden for them, and they want to quickly throw it off their shoulders. Children do not feel "the affinity of the soul with the subject being studied", they do not understand why this knowledge is needed in the future.

After the publication of excerpts from the article "Education" I.P. Botov sarcastically states: “It is amazing how programmers can, how they are not afraid to expose their flaws that they publish my article. After all, if I am right, then they all need to be fired.

Famous writer and publicist V.M. Rozin also argues that our education needs to be changed. Over time, everything changes: our life, life, even ourselves, but the school for some reason remains unchanged. Everyone is not satisfied with the content of today's education: teachers, students, and parents. According to V.M. Rozina, the school extinguishes all neoplasms, and it is designed to form creative activity, the student himself at the same time must comprehend traditions, spiritual values, knowledge suitable for the future.

I will bring concrete examples. Still I do not understand, why studied in high school sines, cosines, tangents, logarithms, derivatives ... Once upon a time I brilliantly solved algebraic problems, I knew everything trigonometric identities, easily removed square roots. Was best student in class. Now I have higher Teacher Education. But not a single formula was useful to me either at the institute or in my work. Not in life. Some kind of pun remained in my head, like: "the tangent of the cosine multiplied by the cotangent of the arcsine ...". What for is it a teacher of Russian language and literature, a kindergarten teacher, a doctor, a lawyer, an economist, an administrator, a cook, a machine operator, a salesman?

My daughter graduated from the 8th grade, in a year she will take the GIA, about which the “necessary” books have already been purchased. The math teacher comments: “The textbook we studied with didn’t pass the examination, it doesn’t have the kind of tasks that are on the GIA and the Unified State Examination. I bought new textbook, where there are similar tasks: it turns out that this profile level. Let's study mathematics in depth. What for? If it were a city school with a mathematical bias, which would graduate future scientists capable of saying a new, important for humanity, word in science, then it’s understandable ... But our school is the most ordinary rural school. What is interesting, instead of answering the question why? the teacher only smiled embarrassedly and ... shrugged her shoulders. And then she said: “To pass the exam!”

There are also many complaints about the content of teaching the Russian language, both among teachers and schoolchildren. About a year and a half ago, I FORCED my students to CROT, what is parcellation, oxymoron, ellipsis, and so on. And give examples of these tools from the text. A year ago, my graduates passed the exam. Today, none of them remembers the meaning of these words. This knowledge simply “wasn’t useful” to them, as I mathematical formulas and therefore forgotten. Probably, this applies to every school subject ...

Today, fifth graders asked me: “What is GIA?” To which I replied: “This is such a ... Serpent Gorynych with three heads, which a ninth grader should cut off at the end school year. The first head is the test, the second is the presentation, and the third is the essay. Liked the explanation...

According to the majority of teachers, participants in district and city seminars, GIA and USE do not contribute, a impede development creativity. What kind of creativity can we talk about when we teach children to put a cross in the right cell (God forbid you make a mistake!), write an essay by template, guided by one goal - score as many points as possible! And from the criteria - not a single step! Students do not like and are afraid to take the exam. Therefore, I tell my graduates directly: “The USE is your enemy. He must be defeated in order to get a ticket to adulthood. And to win, you need to know the enemy by sight. So let's prepare well for the battle." This is how we teachers work to “improve the quality of education”…

Yesterday I met one of last year's graduates who came back from the army two days ago. We got talking. He is an athlete, physically healthy and strong, and therefore served in elite troops MIA. What from school curriculum did he need Russian there? - Communication, communication, communication. And good speech.

"AT modern world educated person
must be properly oriented
information space.
YES. Medvedev

Education today is becoming the main national priority of Russia.
Implementation of State educational standards new generation, formation unified system education quality assessments, models innovation activities teachers high school – actual problems modern Russian education.
AT State program the main priorities are clearly defined. First, this complete satisfaction needs in preschools. All children between the ages of 3 and 7 should be provided with quality preparation for further studies at school. Secondly, children should be educated in good conditions, using modern equipment. The quality of education must comply with State standards.

Thirdly, educational institutions need to be adapted for the full-fledged education of children with handicapped health. Also, I think one the most important goal the program is to improve the professional skills of the educators themselves. Ultimately, the success of an educational institution depends on teaching staff Because the future of our children is in our hands.
In my opinion, modern teacher preschool education - a person with a broad outlook, with the necessary competencies in the field of pedagogy, psychology, methodology, computer technology who is well versed in the problems of raising and educating children, able to show initiative, independence in constantly changing pedagogical situations and creativity in organizing the educational process.
The world in which he lives modern humanity, can no longer exist without computer technology and digital technologies. Therefore, modern education cannot exist without the introduction of informatization in educational process.
Our present day is a rapidly changing kaleidoscope of events, affairs, meetings, negotiations, discussions, decision-making and other urgent matters. Everything needs to be done. In such an active rhythm and pace, we educators are increasingly using the latest technical miracle assistants that serve us daily.
Today, all of us and our children live in the age of informatization. Therefore, we have new needs and new opportunities for the development and education of preschoolers. Products of scientific and technological progress have become everyday tools in my pedagogical activity.
“A child is a small researcher,” V.A. Sukhomlinsky believed, therefore, in my opinion, children, almost from a young age, begin to master technical means, as they are of great interest, this is especially noticeable in the process of training in special educational and developmental programs. Gradually, preschool children become active users of all means of information and communication technologies.
In our kindergarten, multimedia technologies are widely used, which, in my opinion, have advantages over traditional education. Children enjoy watching presentations, films, slides that allow them to broaden their horizons and get an idea of the whole picture of the world.
The child is more motivated and interested in surrounding life new, through the use of modern technical multimedia tools.
I include in my work, as a teacher I acquire a lot of new things, improve the level and quality of my skills. achievements scientific and technological progress help me quickly find the right information, process it and include it in the educational process.
Dear Colleagues!
You and I were lucky to live in a fast-moving age, where technical progress dictates new needs: new ones appear and take root educational technologies based on a combination of advanced scientific ideas and innovative teaching practice.
Let's dare, create, strive for perfection, because there is no limit to perfection in the field of informatization!

In the 21st century, the concept continuing education, implying the process of growth of the educational potential of the individual throughout life, acquires key knowledge.

Continuous replenishment, clarification of knowledge, acquisition and comprehension new information, the development of new skills and abilities become the most important prerequisites for increasing the intellectual level of a person, his standard of living, an urgent need for any specialist. The idea of continuous education has been transformed from the need for education for life into the thesis - education through life. The education system includes a number of levels, which are discrete in nature, but due to continuity, its continuity is ensured. Dialectical interconnection and unity of continuity and discreteness as important characteristics system of lifelong education is ensured by the optimal organization of the succession of all its stages.

Continuity allows a person to smoothly move from one stage of development to the next, from one to the next, higher level of education. The problem of continuity between the various stages of the lifelong education system is becoming special meaning. Its content, meaning and role are significantly enriched, since in this case we are talking on the relationship and complementarity of successive subsystems of lifelong education.

According to the law Russian Federation"On Education", Russian education is a continuous system of successive levels, at each of which state, non-state, municipal educational institutions different types and types: preschool; general education; institutions for orphans and children left without parental care; professional (primary, secondary special, higher, etc.); institutions additional education; other institutions providing educational services.

The general structure of the education system of the Russian Federation (Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” / Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1996 dated January 13, 1996 No. 12 -FZ.).

preschool;
general education (primary general, basic general, secondary (complete) general education);
elementary vocational education;
secondary vocational education;
higher professional education;
postgraduate professional education;
additional adult education;
additional education for children;
for orphans and children left without parental care (legal representatives);
special (correctional) (for students, pupils with developmental disabilities);
other institutions carrying out the educational process.

The first five types of educational institutions are the main ones, let's consider them.

For preschool institutions Russia is characterized by multifunctionality, diversity, freedom of choice priority direction educational process, the use of educational programs.

Contemporary preschool education Russia has the following types preschool institutions: Kindergarten; kindergarten with the priority implementation of one or more areas of development of children (intellectual, artistic and aesthetic, physical, etc.); compensatory type kindergarten with priority implementation of qualification correction of deviations in physical and mental development pupils; kindergarten supervision and rehabilitation with priority implementation of sanitary-hygienic, preventive and health-improving measures and procedures; Kindergarten combined type(which may include general developmental, compensatory and recreational groups in various combinations); child development center - a kindergarten with the implementation of physical and mental development, correction and rehabilitation of all children.

General secondary education is the central element of the education system in the Russian Federation, which includes: secondary comprehensive schools; schools with in-depth study individual items; gymnasiums; lyceums; evening schools; educational institutions such as boarding schools; special schools for children with disabilities in physical and mental development; out-of-school educational institutions (children's musical and art schools, art schools, choral and choreographic studios, folklore ensembles, children's and youth sports schools, stations young technicians, leisure centres, etc.).

Secondary vocational education is aimed at training practitioners in more than 280 specialties and is implemented according to two main professional educational programs: basic level and advanced level. After mastering the basic level program, the graduate is awarded the qualification L-technician.

An increased level of secondary vocational education provides a deepening or expansion of training compared to base level(In this case, the training period is increased by 1 year). With the deepening of training, the graduate is awarded the qualification L-senior technician, with the expansion of training - L-technician with additional training in the field - (indicating the specific field: management, economics, computer science, etc.).

There are two main types of secondary special educational institutions:

a technical school (school) that implements the basic professional educational programs of secondary vocational education at the basic level;
a college that implements professional educational programs of secondary vocational education at a basic and advanced level. The implementation of educational programs of secondary vocational education can also be carried out in higher educational institutions.

Higher professional education.

Depending on the number of areas of study for students, universities are divided into universities, academies and institutes. University graduates can have qualifications: bachelor, graduate, master in the relevant areas of training (specialties), and the relevant educational programs can be implemented both continuously and in stages. A graduate who has passed the final state attestation by accredited educational program the university issues a state document (diploma) on the level of education and (or) its qualifications.

The volume and structure of student admission for the first year state university is dictated by admission targets, which are set annually by the relevant federal executive body in charge of the university. In addition to the assignments for the admission of students, the university has the right to train specialists under the relevant contracts with the payment of the cost of training by individuals and (or) legal entities.

So, we can conclude that the development of the education system of the Russian Federation is directly related to the ongoing social policy in accordance with the “Main Directions of the Socio-Economic Policy of the Government of the Russian Federation for the Long-Term Perspective”, in which the reform development of the education sector is noted as the first direction.

“Reliance on the education of society, on the quality human capital will allow Russia to maintain its place among the states capable of influencing world processes. Education should help Russia meet the challenges it faces in the social and economic spheres, in providing national security and strengthening state institutions. Exactly " social order"society and the state will determine the direction of development and change in the education system of Russia in the first decade of the XXI century" (The concept of modernization of Russian education for the period up to 2010, the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Education of Russia) dated February 11, 2002 Moscow N 393.)

The education of a person is not only the acquisition of knowledge by him from the outside, it is his formation, the formation of his selfhood and integrity. As a result: a person was formed, that is, he turned out, took place. Democratic changes in Russian society led to major changes in the education system. They touched upon both the organizational and content side of all levels of education (primary, basic and secondary).

Today, a full-fledged, socially oriented and state-regulated implementation of the provisions of such legal documents, as the International Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" is possible only if the continuity of all levels of education is ensured. The need to create a concept of the content of continuous education is caused by the needs of modern community development, advances in pedagogical science and society's requirements for the level of education of the younger generation. Its purpose is to humanize the system of primary and basic education and ensure the continuity of these links. At the same time, its implementation will require the adjustment of some or changes in other social and pedagogical conditions for the organization of the education system in Russia.

Education in the 21st century should not be limited to learning modern knowledge and technology, but involves the development of a thinking and active personality. Its meaning is to introduce the student into the world of development. The concept of "education" refers primarily to the transfer and assimilation of knowledge, skills and abilities, the formation cognitive interests and abilities. Thus, the overall strategy of all education is to ensure high level personality development.

Education is remarkable in that conservative and dynamic components and properties always coexist, fight, compete in it. There is no need to think that only the state and the reformers mobilized and called by it can be the source of dynamism. A sense of citizenship is inherent in the education system no less, and, most likely, more than any other institutions of the state.

More than any other part of society, education is characterized by a broad cultural horizon, an attraction to such “useless” values as freedom, goodness, knowledge, understanding, art, human thought… The education of Russia, the culture of Russia is its property and an integral part. As long as they are alive, Russia will also be alive.

Essay on the topic of " Current state education in Russia” updated: November 27, 2017 by: Scientific Articles.Ru

Education yesterday is, above all, Soviet education. Some time ago, education combined culture, educational work, social relations and, of course, education. Although this system carried an ideological color, it cannot be called imperfect. Today's adults, born and raised in the Soviet Union, nurtured and educated by Soviet teachers, know by heart many of the classics' poems, the capitals of countries, and much more. The image of the teacher had high moral principles and comprehensive knowledge. The students were always sure that their mentor would not let you down and would always come to the rescue and give advice. In turn, students Soviet education were active and ideological, responsive and responsible. It was the ideology Soviet state, within the framework of this doctrine it was possible to give and receive quality education. One point that determines such a quality is the status of a teacher. At that time, to become a teacher, one had to successfully pass all the tests. After all, the best of the best will teach children. A worker in the field of education was rightfully proud of his title - a teacher.

We can not say that the current education has become worse. It just became different. Modern educational institutions have begun to focus more on the Western model of education. This reason is the fact that the diplomas of our schools and higher educational institutions are not quoted abroad. Education today has many shortcomings and problematic issues. One of them is not the most important, but it has a significant impact on education. For example, not all educational institutions have been modernized. Starting with an elementary equipped room for classes, ending with the use of additional multimedia tools. Today it is impossible to keep track of the constant changes in the program, there is no optimal and general program which makes it difficult for students. Often, some of them are forced to hire tutors, as they simply do not keep up with the curriculum. Repeatedly, many teachers and lecturers complain about the lack of time to simply communicate with children. The students have very busy schedule. After the lessons, they rush to the tutors, then to the classes of interest. Teachers are loaded with useless paperwork, which also affects their interest in work. Of course, modern education is diverse, it gives at the end of knowledge from various areas science and culture, but how long will all this knowledge, all the memorized material in the minds of students.

The future of education is seen in bright colors, as the process of its transformation does not stand in one place. The constant variability of the program is not very good for quality, but these changes are definitely needed. In the end, after some time, the optimal course for a good education. For many, the future is seen as stills from a movie where students are taught by faceless robots, or, at all, there will be such chips where all the material will be stored, and it can be used at any time. Such progress is not excluded, but all this may be in the boundless future.

There are a lot of flaws in the current education. It is less and less concerned with the education of disciples. So main goal it needs to be improved. And this should be done not with an emphasis on covering all kinds of subjects, but on the quality of their study. In addition, this improvement should also include educational activities aimed at the cultural and spiritual enrichment of students. The successes of education in the past cannot be ignored; they must be used now to improve it in the future.

Boyarkin Oleg Danilovich

Essay

"Modern education as I see it."

“A lot of knowledge is necessary and important,

but the most important thing is how to live.

L.N. Tolstoy

Not knowing how to start this work, I decided to look into dictionary, in order to find out how he interprets the word "education", and was struck by the dryness and lifelessness of the formulation.

Education is the acquisition of systematized knowledge and skills as a result of learning.

And that's it. That is, within the framework of education, we are trying to create a person who then, someday, somewhere, supposedly, realizes himself. Is this education? Traditionally, a person with a higher education in general (and a teacher especially) for the layman is primarily identified with such qualities as decency, honesty, responsibility, etc. But then what about corrupt officials, "educated" boors, cynical doctors, but you never know. After all, they studied together with really worthy people who may not have received a proper education, but who have earned respect for their deeds and deeds.

The question arises: Why do they study from the same textbooks, according to the same program, often from the same teachers, but have such different moral and life positions?

When we talk about the goals of education, we mean - to educate. those. to create such a person who would be useful and necessary precisely their close, his people his state, not a hippie "child of the world." And is our education always aimed at this? In my opinion, the problem of modern education is that it is not aimed at developing or improving any abilities, but at elementary coaching on a subject. future activities. The teacher in this case, according to L. Tolstoy, “is likened to a bad sculptor who, instead of cutting off and scraping off the excess, sticks, inflates, sticks up irregularities that catch the eye, corrects, educates. Of course, this is not a discovery for anyone, most of us see and understand this. Why is this happening? Let's try to figure it out.

Teachers with extensive experience in school note that there are fewer and fewer bright, gifted children with a "God's spark". These "sparks" leaving primary school, quickly become “like everyone else”, then the UNT smoothes everyone completely, besides, the media actively cultivate and aggressively impose an alien to us popular culture The West with all its "charms", at the head, which is a well-known monetary symbol. As a result, not “hot hearts” ready for a feat for the sake of their country leave the school, but inert young people who vaguely imagine their future, but know the “laws of the chicken coop” to the subtleties, therefore, they consider these “laws” to be the norm of life. Why is that? Everything is simple. We live in an age of scientific and technological progress, where you have to pay for everything, including the benefits of civilization. We pay for them with the loss of Culture and Spirituality. We know from history that better times humanity is associated with the flourishing of culture, and the worst with the development of civilization. Culture is not only ballet, music or painting - this concept gives rise to diversity, implies the versatility and uniqueness of the individual, and civilization strives for equality, standard, unification, i.e. cultural degeneration, even spiritual values are evaluated exclusively with material side. These "charms" of civilization are now reaping the so-called highly developed countries. Here interesting statistics collected by the Police Department and the Educational System of Fullerton, California, USA.

Main problems at school:

They talk in class, chew gum, make noise, run down the corridors, don't keep lines, don't dress according to the rules, litter in the classroom.

Drug use, alcohol use, pregnancy, suicide, rape, robbery, beatings. Comments, as they say, are unnecessary.

Now tell me: are the failed European and American programs and standards to impose on our culture, on our mentality. But this is also component modern education.

So what should education be like?

Even in the middle of the 19th century, while fundamentally dealing with issues of education, the great Leo Tolstoy drew attention to the fact that “teachers contribute to development, and not to the harmony of development,” and this is the “eternal mistake of all pedagogical theories.” In my opinion, it is necessary, first of all, to create a program in which all subjects would be interconnected. So that they are not perceived separately from each other, but rather find common ground. Training program must present our the world whole, not fragmented academic disciplines because all objects came from this world, and not some other. Each subject must have a certain bridge that would transfer it from one type of knowledge to another. The teacher, on the other hand, should be striving for creation, “this work should begin from the very early age, with the ABC and giving little man the highest standards of morality. The valuable end product of education is HUMAN. At first glance, the task is extremely difficult, but this is only at first glance.

In order for a student to study well, it is necessary that he study willingly, in order for him to study willingly, it is necessary:

To ensure that what the student is taught is understandable and entertaining, and that mental strength his were in the most favorable conditions.

So that the student is not ashamed of teachers or comrades

So that the student is not afraid of punishment for bad teaching, i.e. for misunderstanding.

The human mind can only function when it is not suppressed. external influences.

“In order to have a consciousness of the benefit brought, one must have one quality, the same quality completes every teacher’s art, and every preparation, because with this quality the teacher will easily acquire necessary knowledge. If the teacher during the lessons did not feel boredom for a minute, he has this quality. This quality is Love. Leo Tolstoy wrote these simple and intelligible advice to the teacher in the century before last, they great wisdom obvious. Following only simple instructions from the Tolstoy alphabet will arm the teacher many times more than modern pedagogical training.

The great teachers of mankind - Buddha, Jesus, Mohammed, Confucius, Lao Tzu show us a single path, which is formulated in different ways, but the final goal is common - the creation of a harmonious personality, i.e. perfect man. Here is a way out of this situation, to return to eternal human values, but instead, for some wild reasons, Dale Carnegie’s etiquette troubles are “sucked in” by Dale Carnegie as a panacea for all diseases in millions of copies.

Despite all the difficulties in our time, there is still an opportunity to build that universal foundation that would reflect the characteristics of any culture, any people, probably this is the moment that should be addressed Special attention. Education, ultimately, should be based not on sowing flour, not on the topic of the day, but on something more weighty. Somewhere eternal, somewhere necessary, but the most important thing that mankind has developed.