CONTENT

Preface, 3

Part 1. SPELLING

Section 1. Spelling of vowels in the root. . . . 4

§ 1. Checked unstressed vowels in the root .... 4

§ 2. Unverifiable unstressed vowels in the root .. 6

§ 3. Alternating vowels in root 7

§ 4. Vowels o-e(yo) after hissing at the root.... 14

§ 5. Vowels s-and after c in the root 15

§ 6. The letters e (e), and in the roots foreign words.... 16

Dictation

Section 2. Spelling of consonants in the root. . . nineteen

§ 7. Voiced and deaf consonants in root 19

§ 8. Double consonants in root 20

§ 9. Unpronounceable consonants in the root 23

Dictation

S e c tio n 3. The use of capital letters in proper names 26

Dictation

Section 4. Use of separators b and b 32

Dictation

S e c tio n 5. Spelling of prefixes 35

§ 10. Vowels ы и и after prefixes 35

§ 11. Prefixes on -z and prefix s- 36

§ 12. Prefixes pre- and pre-, 38

Dictation

Section 6. Spelling of vowels after hissing and if in endings and suffixes 42

§ 13. Vowels about those (yo) after hissing 42

§ 14. Vowels after ts 45

Dictation

S e c tio n 7. Spelling of nouns 49

§ 15. Noun endings 49

§sixteen. Noun suffixes 53

Dictation

Section 8. Spelling of adjectives 61

§ 17. Endings of adjectives 61

§ 18. Suffixes of adjectives 63

Dictation

S e c tio n 9. Spelling compound words 72

§ nineteen. Difficult words with connecting vowels 72

§ 20. Compound words without connecting vowels 73

§ 21. Compound nouns 75

§ 22. Compound adjectives 79

Dictation

Section 10. Spelling of numerals 88

Dictation

S e c tio n 11. Spelling of pronouns 91

Dictation

Section 12. Spelling of verbs 96

§ 23. Personal endings of verbs 96

§ 24. The use of the letter ь in verb forms 99

§ 25. Suffixes of verbs 102

dictations

Section 13. Spelling participles 106

§ 26. Endings and suffixes of participles 106

§ 27. Spelling in "and in in participles and verbal adjectives 110

Dictations 117

Section 14. Spelling of adverbs 119

§ 28. Vowels and hissing at the end of adverbs 119

§ 29. Negative and indefinite adverbs 120

§ thirty. Consolidated spelling adverbs 123

§ 31. Hyphenization of adverbs 135

§ 32. Separate spelling adverbs and adverbs 137

§ 33. Spelling in and nn in adverbs 144

Dictation

Section 15. Spelling of prepositions, conjunctions and introductory words 147

§ 34. Prepositions 147

§ 35. Unions, introductory words, etc. 149

Dictation

Section 16 Spelling Particles 155

§ 36. Separate and hyphenation particles (except not and neither) 155

§ 37. Particles are neither I nor 157

Dictation

Section 17. Spelling of interjections and onomatopoeic words 181

Repetition of spelling (Dictations) 182

Part 2. PUNCTUATION

Section 1. Punctuation marks at the end of a sentence and during a break in speech 186

Dictation

Section 2. Dash between members of a sentence 188

§ 38. Dash between subject and predicate 188

§ 39. Dash in incomplete sentence 192

§ 40. Dash to indicate limits (spatial, temporal, quantitative) 193

Dictation

Section 3. Punctuation marks in sentences with homogeneous members 196

§ 41. Homogeneous members of the proposal, not connected by unions 196

§42. Homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions 197

§ 43. Homogeneous members of the proposal, connected by non-repeating unions 200

§ 44. Homogeneous members of the sentence, connected by repeated unions 202

§ 45. Homogeneous members of the proposal, connected by double unions 205

§ 46. Generalizing words with homogeneous members of a sentence 205

§ 47. Comma and hyphen between repeated words 213

Dictation

Section 4. Punctuation marks in sentences with separate members 216

§ 48. Separate definitions 216

§ 49 Separate and non-separate applications 223

§ fifty. Separate circumstances 231

§ 51. Standalone add-ons 238

§ 52. Separate clarifying and connecting members offers 239

dictations

S e c tio n 5. Punctuation marks for words not grammatically related to members

offers 248

§ 53. Introductory words and offers 248

§ 54 Appeal 260

§ 55. Interjection. Particles. Affirmative-negative and interrogative-exclamatory words 262

Dictation

Repetition of punctuation in a simple sentence (Dictations)

S e c tio n 6. Punctuation in a complex sentence 268

§ 56. Compound sentence 268

§ 57. Complex sentence 275

§ 58. Comparative turnovers with unions cook, what, than, etc.

§ 59. Unionless complex sentence 297

dictations

Repetition of punctuation in a complex sentence (Dictations) 313

§ 60. Punctuation marks in direct speech 316

§ 61. Punctuation marks in expressions taken from a dictionary alien to the author, used in an ironic sense, as well as in quotations 319

Dictation 323

Repetition of spelling and punctuation (Dictations) 324

Part 3. STYLISTICS AND CULTURE OF SPEECH

S e c tio n 1. Lexical style 330

§ 62. Polysemy of the word 330

§ 63. Synonyms, antonyms, homonyms 334

§ 64. Meaning of words and expressions 334

§ 65. The use of foreign words 348

S e c tio n 2. Grammatical style 349

§ 66. The use of noun forms 349

§ 67. The use of forms of adjectives 355

§ 68. The use of forms of numbers 357

§ 69. Use of pronouns 359

§ 70. Use of forms of the verb 361

Section 71 simple sentence 363

§ 72. Agreement of the predicate with the subject 367

§ 73. Harmonization of definitions and applications 373

§ 74. Some cases of management 377

§ 75. Proposals with homogeneous members 387

§ 76 Usage participial revolutions 389

§ 77 Usage participle turns 392

§ 78. Compound sentence 394

Repetition of style 395

Section 3. Difficult cases pronunciation 399

P a rt 4. PARSING

Section 1. Morphological analysis 406

§ 79. Analysis of the composition of the word 406

§ 80. Analysis by parts of speech 407

Section 2. Parsing 413

§ 81 Simple sentence 413

§ 82. Compound sentence. 423

Section 3. Punctuation parsing 427

Dictation 429

Final dictations 430

Conditional abbreviations 438

M.: Oniks 21st century: World and Education, 2004. - 448s.

Exercises form the basis of this manual. Theoretical information presented as grammatical commentary or reference material. An important element allowances are textual dictations of a general nature, placed at the end of each section.

The book is intended for applicants to universities, teachers of the Russian language and teachers preparatory courses universities.

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I converted the book from pdf to text format and formatted it a bit (highlighted in bold paragraphs, added and removed intervals, it turned out more or less readable. There are 377 exercises in the book, and it seems to me that it can be useful to both students and teachers for various verification and control tasks. True, I, of course, did not check the entire text verbatim, so you need to take any ordinary version of the book and correct it.

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There is another edition of the same book called "Manual on the Russian language for applicants to universities." Rosenthal E.D. At first glance, there is not much difference. Here, 32 pages more due to dictations. The exercises are the same, the grammatical explanations too, but here they are collected at the beginning of each paragraph, and there they are more often found in a row after each exercise under the heading "For reference".

FOREWORD

This book (this edition is corrected and supplemented) for more than a quarter of a century has been successfully helping high school students and applicants to systematize and deepen their knowledge of the Russian language. The manual consists of four parts: 1) spelling, 2) punctuation, 3) style and culture of speech, 4) grammatical analysis. The first two sections present an extensive didactic and reference material by spelling. The third section is devoted to the culture of speech, the development of the ability to express and correctly formulate one's thoughts. The fourth section contains tasks of an analytical nature that develop the ability to see the structure of a word and phrase. Parsing skills greatly contribute to literate writing and correct speech.

Most of the rules and norms of the Russian language are formulated in the expectation that the speaker or writer is quite fluent in determining the composition of the word, grammatical features parts of speech, the structure of simple and complex sentences. Theoretical information in most cases is presented as reference material, since it is assumed that high school students (and even more so applicants) already have basic training in the school course of the Russian language. The basis of the benefit is exercise. Along with exercise essential part allowances are text dictations of a generalizing nature, placed, as a rule, at the end of each section. These texts are either adapted passages from literary works, or compiled in such a way as to reflect as fully as possible repeated on this stage regulations. The content and structure of this manual make it possible to use it in preparation for both the written exam in the Russian language (in particular, tests) and the oral exam, which is taken upon admission to the language specialties of universities.

CONTENT

Preface, 3

Part 1. SPELLING

Section 1. Spelling of vowels in the root. . . . 4

§ 1. Checked unstressed vowels in the root .... 4

§ 2. Unverifiable unstressed vowels in the root .. 6

§ 3. Alternating vowels in root 7

§ 4. Vowels o-e (ё) after hissing in the root .... 14

§ 5. Vowels s-and after c in the root 15

§ 6. The letters e (e), and in the roots of foreign words .... 16

Dictation

Section 2. Spelling of consonants in the root. . . nineteen

§ 7. Voiced and deaf consonants in root 19

§ 8. Double consonants in root 20

§ 9. Unpronounceable consonants in the root 23

Dictation

S e c tio n 3. The use of capital letters in proper names 26

Dictation

Section 4. Use of separators b and b 32

Dictation

S e c tio n 5. Spelling of prefixes 35

§ 10. Vowels ы и и after prefixes 35

§ 11. Prefixes on -z and prefix s- 36

§ 12. Prefixes pre- and pre-, 38

Dictation

Section 6. Spelling of vowels after hissing and if in endings and suffixes 42

§ 13. Vowels about those (yo) after hissing 42

§ 14. Vowels after ts 45

Dictation

S e c tio n 7. Spelling of nouns 49

§ 15. Noun endings 49

§sixteen. Noun suffixes 53

Dictation

Section 8. Spelling of adjectives 61

§ 17. Endings of adjectives 61

§ 18. Suffixes of adjectives 63

Dictation

S e c tio n 9. Spelling compound words 72

§ 19. Compound words with connecting vowels 72

§ 20. Compound words without connecting vowels 73

§ 21. Compound nouns 75

§ 22. Compound adjectives 79

Dictation

Section 10. Spelling of numerals 88

Dictation

S e c tio n 11. Spelling of pronouns 91

Dictation

Section 12. Spelling of verbs 96

§ 23. Personal endings of verbs 96

§ 24. The use of the letter ь in verb forms 99

§ 25. Suffixes of verbs 102

dictations

Section 13. Spelling participles 106

§ 26. Endings and suffixes of participles 106

§ 27. Spelling in "and in in participles and verbal adjectives 110

Dictations 117

Section 14. Spelling of adverbs 119

§ 28. Vowels and hissing at the end of adverbs 119

§ 29. Negative and indefinite adverbs 120

§ 30. Continuous spelling of adverbs 123

§ 31. Hyphenization of adverbs 135

§ 32. Separate writing of adverbs and adverbial expressions 137

§ 33. Spelling in and nn in adverbs 144

Dictation

Section 15. Spelling of prepositions, conjunctions and introductory words 147

§ 34. Prepositions 147

§ 35. Unions, introductory words, etc. 149

Dictation

Section 16 Spelling Particles 155

§ 36. Separate and hyphenated spelling of particles (except not and neither) 155

§ 37. Particles are neither I nor 157

Dictation

Section 17. Spelling of interjections and onomatopoeic words 181

Repetition of spelling (Dictations) 182

Part 2. PUNCTUATION

Section 1. Punctuation marks at the end of a sentence and during a break in speech 186

Dictation

Section 2. Dash between members of a sentence 188

§ 38. Dash between subject and predicate 188

§ 39. Dash in an incomplete sentence 192

§ 40. Dash to indicate limits (spatial, temporal, quantitative) 193

Dictation

Section 3. Punctuation marks in sentences with homogeneous members 196

§ 41. Homogeneous members of the proposal, not connected by unions 196

§42. Homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions 197

§ 43. Homogeneous members of the proposal, connected by non-repeating unions 200

§ 44. Homogeneous members of the sentence, connected by repeated unions 202

§ 45. Homogeneous members of the proposal, connected by double unions 205

§ 46. Generalizing words with homogeneous members of a sentence 205

§ 47. Comma and hyphen between repeated words 213

Dictation

Section 4. Punctuation marks in sentences with separate members 216

§ 48. Separate definitions 216

§ 49 Separate and non-separate applications 223

§ 50. Separate circumstances 231

§ 51. Separate additions 238

§ 52. Separate specifying and connecting members of the sentence 239

dictations

S e c tio n 5. Punctuation marks for words not grammatically related to members

offers 248

§ 53. Introductory words and sentences 248

§ 54 Appeal 260

§ 55. Interjection. Particles. Affirmative-negative and interrogative-exclamatory words 262

Dictation

Repetition of punctuation in a simple sentence (Dictations)

S e c tio n 6. Punctuation in a complex sentence 268

§ 56. Compound sentence 268

§ 57. Complex sentence 275

§ 58. Comparative turnovers with unions cook, what, than, etc.

§ 59. Unionless complex sentence 297

dictations

Repetition of punctuation in a complex sentence (Dictations) 313

§ 60. Punctuation marks in direct speech 316

§ 61. Punctuation marks in expressions taken from a dictionary alien to the author, used in an ironic sense, as well as in quotations 319

Dictation 323

Repetition of spelling and punctuation (Dictations) 324

Part 3. STYLISTICS AND CULTURE OF SPEECH

S e c tio n 1. Lexical style 330

§ 62. Polysemy of the word 330

§ 63. Synonyms, antonyms, homonyms 334

§ 64. Meaning of words and expressions 334

§ 65. The use of foreign words 348

S e c tio n 2. Grammatical style 349

§ 66. The use of noun forms 349

§ 67. The use of forms of adjectives 355

§ 68. The use of forms of numbers 357

§ 69. Use of pronouns 359

§ 70. Use of forms of the verb 361

§ 71. Structure of a simple sentence 363

§ 72. Agreement of the predicate with the subject 367

§ 73. Harmonization of definitions and applications 373

§ 74. Some cases of management 377

§ 75. Proposals with homogeneous members 387

§ 76. The use of participial phrases 389

§ 77. The use of adverbial phrases 392

§ 78. Compound sentence 394

Repetition of style 395

S e c tio n 3. Difficult cases of pronunciation 399

P a rt 4. PARSING

S e c tio n 1. Morphological analysis 406

§ 79. Analysis of the composition of the word 406

§ 80. Analysis by parts of speech 407

S e c tio n 2. Parsing 413

§ 81 Simple sentence 413

§ 82. Compound sentence. 423

S e c tio n 3. Punctuation parsing 427

Dictation 429

Final dictations 430

Conditional abbreviations 438

Russian language. Collection of rules and exercises. Rosenthal D.E.

M.: 2011. - 432 p.

This course will help you develop good writing skills and stylistic analysis text, improve knowledge of the Russian language, and prepare for passing the exam. The book is structured in such a way that it makes it possible to first repeat the theory, and then consolidate the knowledge gained by performing specially selected exercises. The book presents the main sections of the Russian language. The manual will be an indispensable assistant to students, teachers, tutors, as well as to all those who want to improve their knowledge of the Russian language.

Format: pdf

The size: 2.3 MB

File:

CONTENT
Preface 3
Introduction 4
PHONETICS AND GRAPHICS
§ 1. Sounds and letters 6
§ 2. Syllable 12
§ 3. Emphasis 12
§ 4. Phonetic parsing 16
§ 5. Phonetic transcription 17
Orthoepy 18
§ 6. Pronunciation of individual sounds, sound combinations, some grammatical forms 18
SPELLING
§ 7. Morphological character of Russian spelling 21
Spelling of vowels in root 22
§ 8. Checked unstressed vowels 22
§ 9. Unverifiable unstressed vowels 23
§ 10. Alternating vowels 24
§ 11. Vowels after hissing and C 29
§ 12. Letter E 30
Spelling of consonants in root 31
§ 13. Voiced and deaf consonants 31
§ 14. Double consonants 32
§ 15. Silent consonants 34
Capitalization 35
§ sixteen. Capital letters in proper names 35
Word composition. Word formation 39
§ 17. Composition of the word 39
§ eighteen. Morphological method word formation 42
§ 19. Non-morphological ways of word formation 46
Shaping 47
§ 20. Ways of forming word forms 47
Separating b and b 48
§ 21. The use of b and b 48
Spelling prefixes 49
§ 22. Prefixes for 3 and prefix C-49
§ 23. Prefixes PRE- and PRI-51
§ 24. Vowels Y and I after prefixes 53
Vowels after sibilants and II in suffixes and endings 54
§ 25. Vowels O and £ after hissing 54
§ 26. Vowels after C 56
Word wrap 58
§ 27. Rules for word hyphenation 58
VOCABULARY AND PHRASEOLOGY
§ 28. Polysemy of the word 60
§ 29. Homonyms 63
§ 30. Synonyms 64
§ 31. Antonyms 67
§ 32. The use of foreign words 69
§ 33. The concept of phraseology 69
MORPHOLOGY
Parts of speech 74
§ 34. Composition of parts of speech 74
noun 76
§ 35. Meaning, categories and categories of nouns 76
§ 36. Spelling of noun endings 82
§ 37. Spelling of noun suffixes 84
adjective 89
§ 38. Meaning, categories and categories of adjectives 89
§ 39. Spelling of adjective endings 92
§ 40. Spelling of adjective suffixes 93
Spelling compound words 101
§ 41. Connecting vowels O and E 101
§ 42. Compound words without connecting vowels 102
§ 43. Spelling compound nouns 104
§ 44. Spelling compound adjectives 106
Name numeral 111
§ 45. The meaning and ranks of the names of numerals 111
§ 46. Spelling of numerals 113
Pronoun 117
§ 47. Meaning and ranks of pronouns 117
§ 48. Spelling of pronouns 119
Verb 121
§ 49. Meaning, categories and forms of verbs 121
§ 50. Spelling of verbs 127
§ 51. Stress in verb forms 137
Communion 140
§ 52. Meaning and forms of participles 140
§ 53. Spelling of participles 141
General participle 149
§ 54. Meaning and forms of gerunds 149
Adverb 152
§ 55. Meaning and categories of adverbs 152
§ 56. Spelling of the adverb 155
Suggestion 170
§ 57. Meaning and spelling of prepositions 170
Union 173
§ 58. Meaning, types and spelling of unions 173
Particles 179
§ 59. Significance and discharges of particles 179
§ 60. Spelling of particles 180
Interjection 196
§ 61. Meaning, discharges and spelling of interjections 196
Repetitive Spelling Exercises 199
SYNTAX AND PUNCTUATION
§ 62. Phrase 203
Simple sentence 208
§ 63. Types of sentences 208
§ 64. Punctuation marks at the end of a sentence and at a break in speech 211
§ 65. Main members of sentence 212
§ 66. Dash between members of sentence 224
Section 67. Minor members offers 228
Word order in a sentence 241
§ 68. Syntactic and stylistic meaning word order 241
Section 69. One-part sentences 244
§ 70. Proposals with homogeneous members 248
§ 71. Proposals with separate members 262
§ 72. Introductory words and sentences 295
Section 73 Appeal 308
§ 74. Interjection, affirmative, negative and interrogative-exclamatory words 311
Complex sentence 314
§ 75. Compound sentence 315
§ 76. Complex sentence 320
§ 77. Punctuation marks with comparative turnovers with unions like, what, than, etc. 333
§ 78. Unionless complex sentences 338
§ 79. Complicated syntactic constructions 348
Direct and indirect speech 351
§ 80. The concept of a straight line and indirect speech 351
§ 81. Punctuation marks in direct speech and dialogue 353
§ 82. Punctuation marks in quotations, in expressions taken from a dictionary alien to the author or used in an ironic sense 363
Repetitive spelling and punctuation exercises 365
STYLISTICS
§ 83. Language styles 369
§ 84. Grammar and stylistic exercises 373
The use of verb forms 383
APPS
Don't miss the accent! 412
Conditional abbreviations 423

The present tutorial in the Russian language is addressed to those entering universities, to everyone who is interested in effective training to entrance exams. Its goal is to help master not only the skills of competent writing, but also certain skills of stylistic text analysis.
The sections "Spelling" and "Punctuation" are devoted to the solution of the first task. Spelling and punctuation rules are presented in the form of concise formulations and are reinforced by a variety of exercises, including those of a generalizing nature.
The section "Vocabulary and style" is devoted to the solution of the second problem. It deals with issues related to expressive possibilities of the Russian language, and the exercises are aimed at overcoming the mistakes often encountered in the work of students in the choice of words, the use of their forms, and the construction of sentences. In general, this section is designed to improve speech skills.
Finally, last section manual is dedicated grammar analysis. The ability to navigate grammatical phenomena, choose the most expressive and appropriate in this text syntactic constructions will help to improve the overall speech culture.
For repetition of the material and self-control, dictations of varying degrees of difficulty are given at the end of the manual.